專題02 名詞+閱讀理解+完成句子-【查漏補缺】沖刺2023年中考英語高分之易錯題組合練（重慶專用）（解析版）

備戰(zhàn)2023年重慶中考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)易錯題組合練專題02名詞+閱讀理解+完成句子易錯分析（解析版）易錯分析易錯點1近義名詞辨析常考名詞辨析information，message與newsjob與worknoise，sound與voiceplace，room與spacequestion與problemhome，house與familyadvice與suggestion易錯點2名詞的數(shù)1.可數(shù)名詞不規(guī)則變化表（規(guī)則變化略）構(gòu)成方法舉例a變eman-men,woman-womenoo變eefoot-feet,tooth-teeth單復(fù)同形people；family；3動物（fish，sheep，deer），2國家人（Chinese,Japanese）其他形式mouse-mice，child-children2.常見不可數(shù)名詞類別舉例飲食類food，drink，water，bread，rice，meat，beef，milk，tea，coffee，juice，soup，oil學(xué)科類maths，geography，physics，chemistry自然類weather，rain，air,grass,snow，sand抽象time，advice，information，news，homework，fun,knowledge3.常見既可作可數(shù)又可作不可數(shù)的名詞:名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)room房間空間orange橘子橙汁time次數(shù)；倍數(shù)時間chicken小雞雞肉exercise練習(xí)；（早）操鍛煉experience經(jīng)歷經(jīng)驗易錯點3名詞所有格1.’s型所有格分別擁有與共同擁有2.of型所有格3.雙重所有格易錯點4名詞作定語1.一般情況，名詞修飾名詞，前面的名詞需用單數(shù)形式，只有3個詞例外，那就是man,woman和sports.man和woman修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞的時候要變復(fù)數(shù)，如menteachers,womendoctorssports修飾名詞時都用復(fù)數(shù)形式2.含有連字符afive-yearplanafive-year-oldboy易錯演練1．（2022·重慶·統(tǒng)考一模）Thehospitalis_________fromhere.A．fortyminutes’swalk B．fortyminute’swalk C．fortyminuteswalk D．fortyminutes’walk【答案】D【詳解】句意：醫(yī)院離這里有40分鐘的步行路程。考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)句中“fromhere”提示，此處指的是醫(yī)院距離此處有40分鐘的步行路程。fortyminutes’walk表示“40分鐘的步行路程”，故選D。2．（2022·重慶沙坪壩·重慶一中?？家荒＃〢numberof_______doctorsdidagoodjobinthefightagainstCOVID-19.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s【答案】C【詳解】句意：許多女醫(yī)生在抗擊新冠肺炎方面表現(xiàn)出色?？疾閺?fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。woman婦女，名詞單數(shù)形式；woman’s女人的，名詞單數(shù)形式的名詞所有格；women名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；women’s復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞所有格。Anumberof“許多”修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞；根據(jù)語境，可知此處表達(dá)的是“女醫(yī)生們”，應(yīng)用“man/woman+名詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞，變成復(fù)數(shù)形式時，兩個詞都要變成復(fù)數(shù)，即womendoctors。故選C。3．（2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測）Ihearwewillhavea______holidayin______.A．twoday's；twoday'stime B．two-day；twoday'stimeC．two-day；twodays'time D．twodays；two-daytime【答案】C【詳解】句意：我聽說我們在兩天之后將有兩天的假期?？疾閺?fù)合形容詞和名詞所有格的用法。twoday's兩天的，名詞所有格形式，但是表達(dá)錯誤，因day是可數(shù)名詞，所以“兩天的”的英文是twodays'；two-day兩天的，復(fù)合形容詞作定語，修飾名詞；twodays兩天，名詞詞組。第一空缺少定語修飾名詞holiday，故排除AD；第二空指在兩天之后，day“天”，是可數(shù)名詞，所以“兩天的時間”的英文表達(dá)是twodays'time，故排除B。故選C。4．（2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測）ZhongNanshan,doctor,becameaheroagaininthefightagainstCOVID-19（新冠肺炎)inthespringof2020.A．a(chǎn)83-year-old B．a(chǎn)n83-year-old C．a(chǎn)n83yearsold D．a(chǎn)83years'old【答案】B【詳解】句意：鐘南山，一位83歲的醫(yī)生，2020年春天在抗擊新冠肺炎的斗爭中再次成為了一名英雄?？疾閺?fù)合詞作定語。83首字母發(fā)音為元音音素，用an，首先排除AD兩項。其次空格處作定語，用連字符連接，且名詞用單數(shù)，即83-year-old。而C選項常常用作表語。故選B。5．（2022·重慶渝北·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）________Dayisaspecialholidayforustoshowourloveforourmothers.A．Mother B．Mothers C．Mother’s D．Mothers’【答案】C【詳解】句意：母親節(jié)是一個特殊的節(jié)日，讓我們表達(dá)我們對母親的愛?？疾閷Ｓ忻~。根據(jù)“aspecialholidayforustoshowourloveforourmothers”可知此處指母親節(jié)，即“媽媽的節(jié)日”，一個人只有一個媽媽，用名詞所有格mother’s，此處用專有名詞Mother’sDay表示“母親節(jié)”。故選C。6．（2022·重慶沙坪壩·重慶一中?？寄M預(yù)測）Therearemany________alongthestreet.Youcangointoanyoneyoulike.A．shoestore B．shoestores C．shoesstore D．shoesstores【答案】B【詳解】句意：沿街有很多鞋店。你可以進(jìn)入你喜歡的任何一個?？疾槊~作定語。此處是shoe作定語，修飾store；當(dāng)表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時，shoe不變，store需變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，故選B。7．（2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測）Tomrunssixmileseverymorning,soheisinveryexcellent________.A．suggestion B．condition C．tradition D．pollution【答案】B【詳解】句意：湯姆每天早上跑六英里，所以他有好的健康狀況?？疾槊~辨析。suggestion建議；condition狀況；tradition傳統(tǒng)；pollution污染。根據(jù)“Tomrunssixmileseverymorning”可知每天早上跑步應(yīng)該是健康狀況好。故選B。8．（2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測）Eddieeats_________foodeveryday.Hobothinksheneedssome_________.A．toomuch;exercises B．toomany;exercisesC．toomany;exercise D．toomuch;exercise【答案】D【詳解】試題分析：句意：Eddie每天吃太多的食物。Hobo認(rèn)為他需要一些鍛煉。此題考查固定短語toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞，太多的……，因為exercise當(dāng)鍛煉講是不可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意，故選D。9．（2022春·重慶沙坪壩·九年級?？计谥校㎜ookat________.Howtidyitis!A．Lucy’sandLily’srooms B．Lucy’sandLily’sroomC．LucyandLily’srooms D．LucyandLily’sroom【答案】D【詳解】句意：看露西和麗麗的房間。它是多么整潔呀！考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)“itis”可知，“露西和麗麗”共有一個房間，表示兩人共有的房間，只在最后一個名字后加’s，且room用單數(shù)。故選D。10．（2022·重慶九龍坡·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）—Whatkindofnoodlesdoyouprefer?—The_________noodles,ofcourse.A．eggandtomato B．eggsandtomatoC．eggandtomatoes D．eggsandtomatoes【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你喜歡什么樣的面條？——當(dāng)然是雞蛋西紅柿面?？疾槊~辨析。此空作定語修飾名詞noodles，名詞要用單數(shù)形式，故選A。11．（2022秋·九年級課時練習(xí)）Myparents________thatItakemyteacher’s________.A．a(chǎn)dvice;advise B．a(chǎn)dvise;advice C．a(chǎn)dvices;advises D．a(chǎn)dvises;advices【答案】B【詳解】句意：我父母建議我接受老師的建議?？疾閯釉~和名詞辨析。advise“建議”，動詞；advice“建議”，名詞。根據(jù)主語為“Myparents”，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時可知，第一空要用動詞原形；再根據(jù)“Itakemyteacher’s...”可知，takeone’sadvice“采納某人的建議”，advice是不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選B。12．（2023春·全國·九年級專題練習(xí)）Therearesome________and________inthefridge（冰箱）.A．tomatos;milk B．tomatos;milks C．tomatoes;milk D．tomatoes;milks【答案】C【詳解】句意：在冰箱里有一些西紅柿和牛奶?？疾槊~的數(shù)。根據(jù)“Thereare”可知，第一個空應(yīng)該填可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，tomato變復(fù)數(shù)需要在末尾加es，故排除A和B。又因milk“牛奶”為不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。13．（2023·湖北武漢·模擬預(yù)測）—Whydoyouthinkspringisthemostbeautiful?—Ilovespringbecausewhenspringcomes,the______alloverthemountainsturngreen.A．leaf B．leafs C．leafes D．leaves【答案】D【詳解】句意：——為什么你認(rèn)為春天是最漂亮的？——我喜歡春天，因為當(dāng)春天來的時候漫山遍野的樹葉會變綠?？疾槊~。根據(jù)“alloverthemountainsturngreen”可知，此處“l(fā)eaf”應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。名詞“l(fā)eaf”的復(fù)數(shù)形式是“l(fā)eaves”。故選D。14．（2023·全國·模擬預(yù)測）TheInternetisveryuseful.Wecangetmuch________fromit.A．idea B．message C．game D．information【答案】D【詳解】句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)非常有用。我們可以從中得到很多信息?？疾槊~辨析。idea想法；message信息；game游戲；information消息。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而ABC都是可數(shù)名詞，故選D。15．（2023·上海崇明·統(tǒng)考一模）UncleTomkeepsmany________onhisfarmandlivesahappylifethere.A．cat B．dog C．sheep D．chicken【答案】C【詳解】句意：湯姆叔叔在他的農(nóng)場里養(yǎng)了很多羊，過著幸福的生活。考查名詞辨析。cat貓，可數(shù)名詞；dog狗，可數(shù)名詞；sheep羊，是單數(shù)也是復(fù)數(shù)；chicken雞，可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)many可知，此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故選C。16．（2023·天津紅橋·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）MissZhangisverypatientwithus,soweseeherasafriendof________.A．us B．we C．ours D．theirs【答案】C【詳解】句意：張老師對我們很有耐心，所以我們把她看作是我們的朋友?？疾槊~性物主代詞。us我們，賓格；we我們主格；ours我們的，名詞性物主代詞；theirs他們的，名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)“afriendof...”可知，此處為雙重所有格，空處應(yīng)填寫名詞性物主代詞，由“we”可知，用ours。故選C。17．（2022·重慶巴南·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Many________wenttoShanghaitohelpthepatientsatthebeginningofthismonth.A．womandoctors B．womendoctor C．womandoctor D．womendoctors【答案】D【詳解】句意：本月初，許多女醫(yī)生去上海幫助病人?？疾閺?fù)合名詞的數(shù)。womandoctor表示“女醫(yī)生”，為復(fù)合名詞。根據(jù)空前的“Many”可知，要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)；由man或woman組合的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，前后兩個名詞都變成復(fù)數(shù)；因此womandoctor的復(fù)數(shù)為womendoctors。故選D。18．（2023·新疆·統(tǒng)考一模）—Youlooksoyoung,MrsGreen.Couldyoutellmehowoldyouare?—Oh,sorry.It’sa(n)________.A．problem B．instruction C．secret D．business【答案】C【詳解】句意：——格林夫人，你看起來好年輕?？梢愿嬖V我你的年紀(jì)嗎？——噢，對不起。這是一個秘密?？疾槊~辨析。problem“問題”；instruction“指導(dǎo)”；secret“秘密”；business“生意”。從題干可知，格林夫人不想告知，年齡是個秘密。選項C符合。故選C。19．（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考一模）—CanIhelpyou,sir?—Yes,please.I’dlike________.A．twocupoftea B．twocupsofteas C．twocupofteas D．twocupsoftea【答案】D【詳解】句意：——先生，我可以幫助你嗎？——是的。我想要兩杯茶。考查不可數(shù)名詞的表達(dá)。tea是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，acupof“一杯”，根據(jù)two可知，cup用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故選D。20．（2022·河北石家莊·統(tǒng)考二模）Dr.Zhonggaveusmuch________onhowtoprotectourselvesfromthevirus.A．idea B．suggestion C．a(chǎn)dvice D．tip【答案】C【詳解】句意：鐘醫(yī)生給了我們許多關(guān)于保護(hù)我們自己免受病毒危害的建議?？疾槊~辨析。idea想法，可數(shù)名詞；suggestion建議，可數(shù)名詞；advice建議，不可數(shù)名詞；tip提示，可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)“much”可知此處應(yīng)填不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。21．（2022秋·河北石家莊·九年級統(tǒng)考期中）Anewstudyshowsa________walkeverydayisenoughtokeepthin.A．30minutes’ B．30minute’s C．30-minutes D．30minute【答案】A【詳解】句意：一項新的研究表明，每天散步30分鐘足以保持苗條?？疾槊~所有格?？崭窈笫敲~，此處用形容詞或名詞所有格，復(fù)合形容詞的表達(dá)方式為：數(shù)詞-名詞單數(shù)；排除C；此處要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格，結(jié)合選項可知，選項A正確。故選A。22．（2022秋·九年級課時練習(xí)）Couldyougiveus________onhowtoprotectthewildanimals?A．a(chǎn)nadvice B．someadvices C．someadvice D．a(chǎn)dvices【答案】C【詳解】句意：你能給我們一些關(guān)于如何保護(hù)野生動物的建議嗎？考查advice的用法。advice“建議”，不可數(shù)名詞，someadvice“一些建議”。故選C。23．（2022秋·九年級課時練習(xí)）Therearelotsof________betweenEnglishnamesandChinesenames.A．different B．differently C．difference D．differences【答案】D【詳解】句意：英文名和中文名之間有很多的不同之處?？疾榭蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。different不同的，形容詞；differently不同地，副詞；difference不同，名詞單數(shù)；differences不同，名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“Therearelotsof...”可知，后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故選D。24．（2021秋·廣西貴港·九年級統(tǒng)考期中）一Excuseme,IwanttovisitMr.Black.Couldyoupleasetellmehis________?一Sure.Heismyneighbor.Justfollowme.A．warmth B．stranger C．relative D．a(chǎn)ddress【答案】D【詳解】句意：——打擾一下，我想去拜訪布蘭克先生。請問你能告訴我他的地址嗎？——當(dāng)然。他是我的鄰居，跟我來吧。考查名詞辨析。warmth溫暖；stranger陌生人；relative親戚；address地址，位置。由“IwanttovisitMr.Black.Couldyoupleasetellmehis...?”及“Sure.Heismyneighbor.Justfollowme.”可知問句說話人在詢問李先生的地址。故選D。25．（2021秋·四川攀枝花·九年級統(tǒng)考期中）MissGreenalwaystreatsherstudentswith________and________,sosheishonoredbyheadmaster.A．kind;warm B．kindness;warm C．kind;warmth D．kindness;warmth【答案】D【詳解】句意：格林小姐對她的學(xué)生總是很友好和熱情，因此她受到校長的尊敬?？疾槊~辨析。kind善良的，形容詞；kindness善良，名詞；warm溫暖的，形容詞；warmth溫暖，名詞。根據(jù)“and”可知，兩個空格為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所以詞性一樣，排除選項B和C；再根據(jù)“with”和逗號可知，空格應(yīng)用名詞形式，即kindness和warmth。故選D。26．（2021秋·安徽安慶·九年級安慶市石化第一中學(xué)?？计谥校〢tlast,thepooroldmanwas________.Butpeopledidn’tknowthereasonforhis________.A．died;death B．dead;death C．death;dead D．die;dead【答案】B【詳解】句意：最后，可憐的老人死了。但是人們不知道他的死因?？疾樵~義辨析。died死亡，動詞過去式；dead死的，形容詞；death死亡，名詞；die死，動詞原形。第一處在句中作表語，用形容詞；第二處在介詞后作賓語，用名詞。故選B。27．（2022秋·九年級單元測試）Canyouofferme_________useful_________.A．some,advices B．a(chǎn)pieceof,adviceC．a(chǎn)pieceof,suggestion D．some,suggestion【答案】B【詳解】句意：你能給我一條有用的建議嗎？考查名詞辨析。advice建議，是不可數(shù)名詞；suggestion建議，可數(shù)名詞。A選項advices錯誤，排除；D選項suggestion被some修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。advice是不可數(shù)名詞，可以用量詞apieceof“一條”修飾，故選B。28．（2022春·九年級單元測試）Theyhavelotsof______todo,sotheydon’thaveenoughtimetotrymore_______.A．exercise;exercises B．exercises;exerciseC．exercises;exercises D．exercise;exercise【答案】B【詳解】句意：他們有很多練習(xí)題要做，所以沒有足夠時間鍛煉更多?？疾槊~用法。exercise作可數(shù)名詞時，表“練習(xí)題”；作不可數(shù)名詞時，表“鍛煉”。根據(jù)語境可知，由于課業(yè)較多，沒時間鍛煉。故選B。29．（2022·安徽·模擬預(yù)測）—Couldyougivemesome________onlearningEnglish?—Ithinkyoushoulddomorereading.A．a(chǎn)dvice B．newsC．messages D．information【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你可以給我一些關(guān)于學(xué)英語的建議嗎？——我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該多閱讀。考查名詞辨析。advice建議，不可數(shù)名詞；news新聞，不可數(shù)名詞；messages消息，可數(shù)名詞；information信息，不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)回答“你應(yīng)該多閱讀”可知，回答的是建議的內(nèi)容。故選A。30．（2020·廣西南寧·南寧十四中?？既＃狿eteroftenanswerstheteacher’s________inclass,doesn’the?—Yes,heisveryactive.A．problems B．questions C．messages D．difficulties【答案】B【詳解】句意：——彼得經(jīng)常在課堂上回答老師的問題，不是嗎？——是的。他非?；钴S?？疾槊~辨析。problems難題；questions問題；messages信息；difficulties困難。根據(jù)謂語動詞“answers”可知，此處對應(yīng)的賓語為“questions”。故選B。閱讀理解（2023·重慶九龍坡·重慶實驗外國語學(xué)校?？家荒＃〢Howtimeflies.It’sbeen3monthssinceIcametoChina.I’mhavingagreattimeonmystudentexchangeprogramhere.Sofar,I’vecompletelygotusedtothelifehere,whichistotallydifferentfromthatinEngland.IhaveknownalotabouttraditionalChineseculture.I’dliketosharesomewithyou.InChina,therearemanydifferentkindsoftraditionalartforms,suchaspapercutting,Chineseclayartandsoon.Amongthem,thekiteinterestsmemost.ThefirstancientChinesekiteappearedmorethan2,000yearsago.ThenflyingkiteswasspreadintoJapan,KoreaandMalaysiaduringtheTangDynastyandtheSongDynasty.Kitesareregardedastheearliestcraft(飛行器).Theyplayedanimportantroleintheprocessofinventingtheplane.TeacultureisimportantinChina.Teawasdiscoveredasakindofdrinkbyaccidentabout5,000yearsago.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Itdidn’tappearinEnglanduntilaround1660.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Nowteahasbecomeoneofthemostpopulardrinksaroundtheworld.Lastly,I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutoneofthetraditionalChinesefestivals—theMid-AutumnFestival.ItisonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar(陰歷).ChinesepeoplehavebeencelebratingtheMid-AutumnFestivalandenjoyingmooncakesforcenturies.Ifyou’dliketoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture,Iwilltalkaboutitinthenextletter.Bestwishes!Yours,John31．Fromthispassage,weknowthatJohnSmithisfrom________.A．Canada B．theUS C．theUK D．France32．Whichofthefollowingisn’tatraditionalChineseartform?A．Papercutting. B．Chineseclayart.C．TheMid-AutumnFestival. D．Kites.33．JohnwrotethislettertoDavidinordertoA．sharesomethingabouttraditionalChineseculturewithhimB．tellhimtheteatradefromWesterncountiestoChinatookplaceinthe19thcenturyC．lethimknowtheMid-AutumnFestivalisinAugusteveryyearD．tellhimteawasbroughttoJapanafterKoreaduringthe6thcentury【答案】31．C32．C33．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要是外國交流生John給David寫的一封信，信中介紹中國文化。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sofar,I’vecompletelygotusedtothelifehere,whichistotallydifferentfromthatinEngland.”可知，約翰來自英國。故選C。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InChina,therearemanydifferentkindsoftraditionalartforms,suchaspapercutting,Chineseclayartandsoon.Amongthem,thekiteinterestsmemost.”可知，剪紙，中國陶藝，風(fēng)箏都是中國的藝術(shù)形式。中秋節(jié)不是藝術(shù)形式。故選C。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyou’dliketoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture,Iwilltalkaboutitinthenextletter.”可知約翰給大衛(wèi)寫這封信，主要是向他介紹一些中國傳統(tǒng)文化。故選A。B（2023·重慶九龍坡·重慶實驗外國語學(xué)校校考一模）2021istheyearoftheox（牛）.InMarch,asetofstampsaboutthefamousTangDynastypainting,FiveOxen,cameout.ItallowsmorepeopletoknowbetterthegreatartofancientChina,aswellastheimportanceofagriculture（農(nóng)業(yè)）inhistory.HanHuang(723-787)wasthepainterofFiveOxen.HeworkedasagovernmentofficialintheTangDynasty.Hispaintingswerelovedbymanybecausetheanimalshepaintedweresoalive.Unluckily,FiveOxenisprobablyhisonlypaintingleft.FiveOxenisoneofthebestanimalpaintingsinChina’sarthistory.Inthepainting,thefiveoxenareinaline.Theyareofdifferentcolorsandshapes.Andeachhasadifferentappearance（形態(tài)）,walkingorstanding,holdingtheirheadshighorlow.Withlivelyexpressionsandbrighteyes,theoxenshowthespiritofdoinghardworkwithoutcomplaints（抱怨）.Asthenamesuggests,▲.Itmakespeoplefocus（關(guān)注）ontheoxenthemselves.Thepaintingwasmissingin1900.Luckily,itreturnedtoChinaduringtheearly1950s.However,itwasterriblybrokenwithmanyholesinit.Greateffortsweremadetosaveit.NowFiveOxen,probablytheoldestChinesepaintingonpaper,iskeptwithcareinthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.34．Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph1refersto“________”.A．Theyearoftheox B．ThesetofstampsC．TheTangDynasty D．ThepaintingFiveOxen35．HanHuang’spaintingswerelovedbymanybecausetheanimalshepaintedwereso________.A．a(chǎn)live B．bright C．lucky D．colorful36．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe▲?A．theoxisverypopularintheTangDynastyB．theoxisasymbolofChinesetraditionalcultureC．thepaintingisofthefiveoxenwithnospecialbackgroundD．thepaintingwantstotellpeopletoworkhardandcreatively37．Thispassagemainlywantstotellusthat________.A．FiveOxenisHan’sonlypaintingleft B．oxenhavedifferentcolorsandshapesC．oxenareveryhard-workinganimals D．FiveOxenisvaluableandmeaningful【答案】34．B35．A36．C37．D【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了《五牛圖》的作者以及畫的內(nèi)容。34．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“InMarch,asetofstampsaboutthefamousTangDynastypainting,FiveOxen,cameout.”可知，it指代前文提到的《五牛圖》的郵票，故選B。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hispaintingswerelovedbymanybecausetheanimalshepaintedweresoalive”可知，因為他畫的動物很生動，故選A。36．句意猜測題。根據(jù)后文“Itmakespeoplefocus（關(guān)注）ontheoxenthemselves”可知，這幅圖只是讓人們關(guān)注牛本身，而無其他的特殊意思，所以此處應(yīng)介紹這副圖的背景內(nèi)容，C選項“這幅畫是五頭公牛，沒有特殊的背景”符合，故選C。37．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“FiveOxenisoneofthebestanimalpaintingsinChina’sarthistory”及“NowFiveOxen,probablytheoldestChinesepaintingonpaper,iskeptwithcareinthePalaceMuseuminBeijing”可知，本文主要想告訴讀者這幅圖的價值和意義，故選D。C（2023·重慶九龍坡·重慶實驗外國語學(xué)校校考一模）Doyouwashyourclothesyourself?Doyouprefertowashyourclothesbyhandoruseawashingmachine?Lastweek,mywashingmachinestoppedworkingandwouldn’twashmyclothes.Itriedtofixitbysearchingonline,buttherepairsweretooexpensive.Then,thisweek,mydaughter’solderwashingmachinealsobrokedown.Itriedtofixitmyself,butitwasbeyondrepair.Unfortunately,Ihadtobuytwonewmachinesnow.Butthen,amemoryfrommychildhoodcamefloodingback.IrememberedwatchingmyNanauseanold-fashionedwashingmachinetowashmydirtyclothes.Thismachinedidn’thaveaspincycle(甩干模式),soNanawouldsqueezeout(擠出)everydropofwaterfromeachpieceofclothingthroughapairofrollers(滾輪).Once,Ievencaughtmyfingersinthem,whichwasverypainful.Afterwashingtheclothes,Nanawouldpatthemachinelovinglybeforehangingthemoutsideontheclotheslinetodry.Shegrewuphand-washingclothes,sohavingamachinethatdidmostoftheworkwasagreathelptoher.Thinkingbackonthismemorymademerealizesomethingimportant.Ihavemoreluxuries(奢侈品)thanmyNana,mom,anddadhadwhentheywereyounger.Insteadoffocusingonmodern-dayproblems,IshouldfeelluckyforwhatIhaveandwhoIam.It’seasytogetcaughtupinourownworld,butrememberingwherewecamefromandhowfarwe’vecomecanhelpusappreciatewhatwehavetoday.Andwhoknows?Maybesomedaywe’lllookbackonthesemomentsasthegoodolddaystoo.Weshouldtakeamomenttoappreciatethelittlethingsinlife,whetherit’sawarmcupofteaorthesoundofbirdschirpinginthemorning.It’sthesimplethingsthatmakelifeworthliving.38．Howdidtheauthorfirstreacttoherdaughter’swashingmachine?A．Sheexchangeditwithhers.B．Sheaskedsomebodytorepairit.C．Sheboughtanotheroneonline.D．Shetriedtofixitherselfbutfailed.39．Whatchildhoodmemorydidtheauthorthinkof?A．WatchingherNanawashclothes.B．Hergrandma’shardlifeasachild.C．Herfirstexperienceofwashingclothesbyhand.D．Gettinghurtbyusingawashingmachine.40．Afterwashingclothes,Nanawouldpatthemachine,showingthat________.A．shethoughtthemachinewaslikeapoorpetB．shewasthankfulforhavingthismachineC．shewantedtoreplaceitwithanewoneD．shedidn’tthinkitwasuseful41．Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromherchildhoodmemory?A．Focusonmodern-dayproblems.B．Appreciatewhatwehavetoday.C．Dreamofhavingmoreluxuries.D．Trytomakelifeworthrecalling.【答案】38．D39．A40．B41．B【導(dǎo)語】本文講述作者因為連續(xù)糟糕的經(jīng)歷而心煩，回憶起小時候媽媽因為有臺老式洗衣機就很感激的事，告訴我們生活雖苦，但也有歡樂，重要的是我們?nèi)绾紊钜约皬乃鼈兩砩蠈W(xué)到什么。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Then,thisweek,mydaughter’solderwashingmachinealsobrokedown.Itriedtofixitmyself,butitwasbeyondrepair.”可知，作者起初嘗試自己修理，但是失敗了，故選D。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butthen,amemoryfrommychildhoodcamefloodingback.IrememberedwatchingmyNanauseanold-fashionedwashingmachinetowashmydirtyclothes.”可知，作者想到了小時候看奶奶洗衣服的事情，故選A。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Afterwashingtheclothes,Nanawouldpatthemachinelovinglybeforehangingthemoutsideontheclotheslinetodry.Shogrewuphand-washingclothes,sohavingamachinethatdidmostoftheworkwasagreathelptoher.”可知，洗完衣服奶奶會親切地拍拍洗衣機，然后把衣服晾在外面的晾衣繩上晾干。她是手洗衣服長大的，所以有一臺洗衣服的機器幫了她很大的忙。所以奶奶拍拍洗衣機是因為她很感激擁有這臺機器，故選B。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Insteadoffocusingonmodern-dayproblems,IshouldfeelluckyforwhatIhaveandwhoIam.It’seasytogetcaughtupinourownworld,butrememberingwherewecamefromandhowfarwe’vecomecanhelpusappreciatewhatwehavetoday.”可知，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該為我們所擁有的和自己是誰而感到幸運，珍惜我們今天所擁有的。故選B。D（2023·重慶九龍坡·重慶實驗外國語學(xué)校?？家荒＃〤hina’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ-11Bfighterjet(戰(zhàn)斗機)haverecentlycompletedtheirfirstsoloflight.“Wehaveprovedthatfemalepilotscandothesamethingsasmen;wecanoperateheavycombatfighters,YanZhongyue,oneofthefivefemalepilotsfromXi’anFlyingCollegeoftheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyAirForce,toldGlobalTimes.Thefivefemalepilots,atanaverageageof23,havehadstricttrainingandtests.Duringthesoloflight,theyflewalongtheleftboundaryofcertainairspaceandperformedstunts(特技)totesttheirsituationalawarenessandtactical(戰(zhàn)術(shù)的)skills.“Ifyouwanttofly8fighterjet,yourpayload(載荷)willbelarger,whichwillcausemoredamagetoyourbody,”saidRuiPingfan,afemalepilotoftheJ-11Bfighterjet.“ButIwanttoflyfighterjets.”Besidestoughphysicaltrainingandtrainingoftacticalskillsintheair,thefemalepilotsweretaughthowtoteamwithotherpilotstoperformcomplexmovesinbattles.Althoughfemalepilotsareweakinphysicalstrengthcomparedwithmen,theyhavetheirownadvantages.They’reoftenmorecareful,patient,andbetterabletodealwithstress.“Flyingthesejetsisnotaboutarmwrestling(扳手腕).Whatmattersisdecision-makingandcontrolofthejets,”Yansaid.“Withstrongerenduranceandtolerance,womenwouldbebetteradaptingtolong-hourfighting.”TrainingfemalefighterpilotsisanimportantmovetoimprovethequalityoftheAirForce’stalentpool.42．WhatdoweknowaboutChina’sfirstgroupoffemalepilotsforJ-11Bfighterjet?A．Theywerechosenfromflyingcollegesacrossthecountry.B．Theyhavefinishedtheirfirstsoloflightsuccessfully.C．Theyhavepassedthesametestasmalepilots.D．Theyareonlytrainedtooperateheavycombatfighters.43．Howdidthefemalepilotsfeelaftertheirfirstsoloflight?A．Nervous. B．Disappointed. C．Interested. D．Confident.44．AccordingtoRuiPingfan,_________.A．flyingfighterjetscausesmoredamagetofemalesthantomalesB．performingcomplexmovesisthekeytowinningbattlesC．womenarebetteratadaptingtolong-hourfightingthanmenD．sheiswillingtoflyfighterjetsthoughitmaycausedamage45．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Womenintheair B．ThefirstsoloflightoffemalepilotsC．Strongwomenpilots D．Theimportanceoftrainingfemalepilots【答案】42．B43．D44．D45．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講J-11B戰(zhàn)斗機的女飛行員成功完成她們的第一次單飛。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“China’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ-11Bfighterjet(戰(zhàn)斗機)haverecentlycompletedtheirfirstsoloflight.”可知女飛行員成功完成她們的第一次單飛。故選B。43．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Wehaveprovedthatfemalepilotscandothesamethingsasmen;wecanoperateheavycombatfighters”可知通過飛行員的話，可以看出她們不比男飛行員差，她們也可以操作重的戰(zhàn)斗機。說明現(xiàn)在女飛行員們很自信，故選D。44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“‘Ifyouwanttofly8fighterjet,yourpayload(載荷)willbelarger,whichwillcausemoredamagetoyourbody,’saidRuiPingfan,afemalepilotoftheJ-11Bfighterjet.‘ButIwanttoflyfighterjets.’”可知盡管會對身體造成損害，但是她仍然想要飛行戰(zhàn)斗機，故選D。45．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“China’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ-11Bfighterjet(戰(zhàn)斗機)haverecentlycompletedtheirfirstsoloflight.”可知本文要講J-11B戰(zhàn)斗機的女飛行員成功完成她們的第一次單飛。故選B。E（2023·重慶九龍坡·重慶實驗外國語學(xué)校校考一模）ChatGPTisbackintheheadlines.OpenAI,thecompanybehindthepopularchatbothasnowintroducedapowerfulnewlanguagemodel:GPT-4.OnMarch14,GPT-4showedtheworldhowsmarteritisthanthepreviousGPT-3.5.Oneofitsbestnewfeaturesisthatitcanunderstandpictures.Forexample,ifyoushowapictureofaphoneusingthewrongcharger,GPT-4cantellwhythepicturelooksstrangeorfunny.ButGPT-4’sdevelopmentsdon’tstopthere.ThenewlanguagemodelcancodeclassicgameslikeTetris(俄羅斯方塊)inamatterofminutes,andproducethecodeandlayout(布局)forawebsitebasedonahandmadedrawing.Itcanalsochangethetoneandstylebasedonwhatyouaskittodo.GPT-4ismuchbetterthantheolderGPTatpassingtests,whichmayworryteachers.AccordingtoCNN,GPT-4didreallywellonalawschooltest,withascoreinthetop10percentoftesttakers.ButGPT-3.5onlygotascoreinthebottom10percent.GPT-4willalsoseegreateruseasatooltopowerotherappsandservices.Forexample,thelanguageleaningappDuolingoplanstouseGPT-4intheirupcomingDuolingoMaxfunction(功能).UserscanlearnlanguagebytalkingwithAI.Anotherapp,BeMyEyes,willhaveadigitalassistanttohelpblindpeoplebetterunderstandtheworldaroundthem.ThegovernmentofIcelandalsoplanstouseGPT-4toprotecttheIcelandiclanguage.Therearestillproblemswiththenewlanguagemodel,however.GPT-4stillstrugglestogetcompletelycorrectanswers,especiallywithnewerinformationafterSeptember2021.GPT-4alsosometimes“hallucinates”,meaningthatitwillinsistthatwronginformationistrue.46．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．GPT-3.5cannotunderstandpictures.B．GPT-4canrespondinafunway.C．GPT-4cantellifaphoneisrecharging.D．GPT-4cancreatefunnypictures.47．Theunderlinedphrase“inamatterofminutes”inparagraph3showsthatA．gameslikeTetrisareeasytocodeB．GPT-4cancodegameslikeTetrisquicklyC．hand-madedrawingshelpGPT4workbetterD．a(chǎn)nyonecancodegamesusingGPT-448．WhatdoesGPT4“hallucinates”meaninthetext?A．Itcouldn’tgetcorrectanswersbeforeSept2021.B．Itmaynottellthepastfromthepresent.C．Itsanswersarepartlyrightandpartlywrong.D．Itisunabletodecidewhethertheinformationistrueornot.49．Whichofthefollowingisthebestwaytodividethepassageintothreeparts?A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤【答案】46．A47．B48．D49．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講GPT-4的一些強大功能及仍然存在的問題。46．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“OnMarch14,GPT-4showedtheworldhowsmarteritisthanthepreviousGPT-3.5.Oneofitsbestnewfeaturesisthatitcanunderstandpictures.”可知GPT-4可以理解圖片，比GPT-3.5要智能，即GPT-3.5不能理解圖片。故選A。47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButGPT-4’sdevelopmentsdon’tstopthere.Thenewlangu