專題02 完形填空（解析版）-5年（2017-2021）中考1年模擬英語真題分項匯編（江西專用）

5年（2017-2021）中考英語真題分項匯編（江西專用）專題02完形填空(解析版)一、2021年五、完型填空Theyweighalmostnothing.Yettheyare29thansteel.Infact,somespiders’websareamongtheworld’sstrongestmaterials,30theycanbepulledlongerthanelastic（橡皮筋）.Theycanalsobeany31.Spiderwebsareamazing.Aspiderhashundredsofsmallopeningsinitsbody.Silkcomesoutoftheseopeningsasaliquid（液體）,and,asitreachestheair,itbecomestread-like.These32threads（線）cometogethertoformasinglethread.Thespidercanmakemanydifferentkindsofthread.Thetreadcanbethickorthin,wetordry,orsticky.Eachkindhasadifferent33.Somewebscreateaneggbox.Others34hidingplaces.Themostcommonpurposeofaspiderweb,however,istocatchfood.Therearemany35thespiderusesitswebtocatchfood.Forexamplesomespidersproduceasinglethread.Aninsectthensitsonit36realizingwhatitisdoing,andbecomes37.Slowly,thespidermovestowardstheinsect.38,itcoversitsfoodinsilk.Somespidersuseadifferentkindof39,Theymakewebsthatcheatinsects.Aninsectseesthewebandthinksit’saflower.Itthen40theweb.Thespidercanfeeleventhesmallestmovementoftheweb,andrushesattheinsect41itcangetaway.Spiderwebsareso42thatengineershavebeenstudyingthemforyears.Theywanttolearnwhytheyaresostrongandelastic.However,forthemoment,spidersarekeepingtheir43.Althoughtheyhavemadegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology,humansstillhaven’tbeenabletocopynaturalwebs.29．A．stronger B．brighter C．heavier D．thicker30．A．so B．but C．if D．or31．A．shape B．price C．weight D．temperature32．A．wide B．broken C．tiny D．weak33．A．direction B．purpose C．size D．name34．A．provide B．choose C．find D．change35．A．problems B．reasons C．steps D．ways36．A．by B．for C．without D．in37．A．lost B．stuck C．excited D．burnt38．A．Sadly B．Clearly C．Suddenly D．Loudly39．A．help B．material C．power D．trick40．A．landson B．movestowards C．fliesover D．looksinto41．A．when B．before C．until D．unless42．A．soft B．expensive C．important D．a(chǎn)mazing43．A．habits B．plans C．secrets D．records【答案】29．A30．B31．A32．C33．B34．A35．D36．C37．B38．C39．D40．A41．B42．D43．C【解析】29．句意：然而，它們比鋼鐵還要堅固。stronger更牢固的；brighter更明亮的；heavier更重的；thicker更厚的。根據(jù)“Infact,somespiders’websareamongtheworld’sstrongestmaterials”可知，蜘蛛的網(wǎng)比鋼鐵還堅固，故選A。30．句意：但是它們可以被拉得比橡皮筋更長。so所以；but但是；if如果；or或者?！皊omespiders’websareamongtheworld’sstrongestmaterials”與“theycanbepulledlongerthanelastic”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。31．句意：它們也可以是任何形狀。shape形狀；price價格；weight重量；temperature溫度。根據(jù)常識可知，蜘蛛網(wǎng)可以變成任何形狀，故選A。32．句意：這些細(xì)線聚在一起形成一條線。wide廣泛的；broken破壞的；tiny微小的；weak微弱的。根據(jù)“Silkcomesoutoftheseopeningsasaliquid”可知，從蜘蛛身體出來的像絲一樣微小的線，聚在一起形成一條線，故選C。33．句意：每一種都有不同的目的。direction方向；purpose目的；size尺寸；name名字。根據(jù)“Somewebscreateaneggbox.Others…h(huán)idingplaces”可知，每一種蜘蛛線都有不同的目的，故選B。34．句意：另一些則提供藏身之處。provide提供；choose選擇；find找到；change改變。根據(jù)“hidingplaces”可知，此處指提供隱藏之處，故選A。35．句意：蜘蛛用它的網(wǎng)來捕捉食物的方式有很多。problems問題；reasons原因；steps步驟；ways方法。根據(jù)“somespidersproduceasinglethread”可知，此處指捕捉食物的方法，故選D。36．句意：然后一只昆蟲坐在上面，沒有意識到它在做什么，就被粘住了。by通過；for為了；without沒有；in在……里。根據(jù)“Aninsectthensitsonit…realizingwhatitisdoing”可知，昆蟲這時還沒有意識到發(fā)生了什么，故選C。37．句意：然后一只昆蟲坐在上面，沒有意識到它在做什么，就被粘住了。lost迷失的；stuck粘住的；excited興奮的；burnt燒傷的。昆蟲如果落在蜘蛛網(wǎng)上，就會被它粘住，故選B。38．句意：突然，它用絲覆蓋食物。Sadly難過地；clearly清晰地；Suddenly突然；Loudly大聲地。根據(jù)“Slowly,thespidermovestowardstheinsect”可知，剛開始先是慢慢地靠近食物，然后再突然用絲覆蓋它，故選C。39．句意：有些蜘蛛使用一種不同的伎倆。help幫助；material材料；power能量；trick詭計。根據(jù)“Theymakewebsthatcheatinsects”可知，是用一些詭計來混淆昆蟲的視線，故選D。40．句意：然后它落在了網(wǎng)上。landson降落在；movestowards走向；fliesover飛過；looksinto窺視。根據(jù)“Itthen…theweb”可知，是昆蟲落在了蜘蛛網(wǎng)上，故選A。41．句意：蜘蛛甚至能感覺到蛛網(wǎng)的微小移動，在昆蟲逃走之前就沖向它。when當(dāng)……時；before在……之前；until直到；unless除非。根據(jù)“rushesattheinsect…itcangetaway”可知，是在昆蟲逃走之前就抓住它，故選B。42．句意：蜘蛛網(wǎng)是如此驚人，以至于工程師們已經(jīng)研究了很多年。soft柔軟的；expensive昂貴的；important重要的；amazing令人差異的。根據(jù)“Theywanttolearnwhytheyaresostrongandelastic”可知，蜘蛛網(wǎng)又堅固又有彈性，讓人感覺很差異，故選D。43．句意：然而，目前蜘蛛還在保守自己的秘密。habits愛好；plans計劃；secrets秘密；records記錄。根據(jù)“humansstillhaven’tbeenabletocopynaturalwebs”可知，人類還沒有復(fù)制自然的蜘蛛網(wǎng)，所以這對于人類來說還是一種秘密，故選C。二、2020年Cowboyshavelivedandworkedinthewestandsouth—westoftheUnitedStatesforoverthreecenturiesandtheyareafamoussymboloftheUSA．WhenyouwatchthoseoldHollywoodcowboyfilmsfromthefiftiesandsixties,youseeajob.Youseea9offreedomandadventure(冒險).However,therealjobofanAmericancowboyhasalwaysbeen10andsometimesdangerous.Itisphysicalwithlonghoursandlowpay.Lifehasn’t11muchforcowboyssincetheearlydays.Cowswalkacrosshugeplains(草原)to12thegrassandthecowboyridesonhishorsetobring13home.Likethecowboysofthepast,a21stcenturycowboy14getsupearlyonfreezingcoldmorningsandmakesbreakfastoverafire.Sowhydoesaman—becauseitisusuallyaman—becomeacowboy?Forsome,itisn'ta15,becausetheyarebornintothelife.Theyhaveworkedwith16sincetheywerechildren.They17thetraditionalcowboyculture:“It’sareallifeaboutyou,yourhorseandtheopen18.”Somepeoplechoosethejob19inlife.PathadanofficejobwiththeUSgovernmentwithhighpay,20hedidn’tlikecitylifeandspendingalldayinside.Sooneday,he21hisjobandmovedtoaranch(牧場)inTexas,makingmuchlessmoney22acowboy.Hewantedjobsatisfaction.Andforacowboy,jobsatisfactiondoesn’tcomefromthemoneyoracomfortableoffice.Itcomesfrombeing23towakeupundertheskyandbeingyourownboss.9．A．life B．place C．way D．day10．A．interesting B．boring C．hard D．easy11．A．got B．paid C．done D．changed12．A．catch B．eat C．touch D．take13．A．it B．him C．her D．them14．A．just B．still C．even D．never15．A．problem B．choice C．plan D．dream16．A．parents B．brothers C．cows D．sheep17．A．create B．miss C．love D．refuse18．A．country B．culture C．mind D．cowboy19．A．later B．early C．quickly D．suddenly20．A．so B．a(chǎn)nd C．since D．but21．A．lookedfor B．tookup C．gaveup D．caredabout22．A．for B．a(chǎn)s C．with D．like23．A．relaxed B．slow C．late D．free【答案】9．A10．C11．D12．B13．D14．B15．B16．C17．C18．A19．A20．D21．C22．B23．D【解析】9．句意：你看到了一種自由和冒險的生活。life生活；place地方；way方法；day天。根據(jù)“freedomandadventure”可知此處用名詞life表示“生活”。故選A。10．句意：然而，一個美國牛仔的真正工作總是很難的有時是危險的。interesting有趣的；boring無聊的；hard艱難的；easy容易的。根據(jù)“Itisphysicalwithlonghoursandlowpay”可知此處用形容詞hard表示“難的”。故選C。11．句意：自從早期，牛仔的生活就沒有什么改變。got得到；paid付款；done做；changed改變。根據(jù)“Likethecowboysofthepast”可知此處表示“沒什么變化”用動詞changed。故選D。12．句意：奶牛走過廣闊的草原去吃草。catch趕上；eat吃；touch接觸；take帶走，花。根據(jù)cows和grass可知此處用動詞eat表示“吃”。故選B。13．句意：牛仔騎在馬上帶它們回家。it它；him他；her她；them他們。根據(jù)cows可知此處用them表示“它們”指代那些奶牛。故選D。14．句意：像過去的奶牛一樣，21世紀(jì)的奶牛仍在寒冷的早上早起，在火上做早飯。just只是；still仍；even甚至；never從不。根據(jù)“Likethecowboysofthepast”可知此處用副詞still表示“仍舊”。故選B。15．句意：對一些人來說，這不是一個選擇，因為出生如此。problem問題；choice選擇；plan計劃；dream夢想。根據(jù)“becausetheyarebornintothelife”可知此處用名詞choice表示“選擇”。故選B。16．句意：自從他們還是孩子的時候，就和奶牛一起工作。parents父母；brothers兄弟；cows奶牛；sheep綿羊。根據(jù)前文“Cowswalkacrosshugeplains”可知此處用名詞cows。故選C。17．句意：他們愛這種傳統(tǒng)的牛仔文化“這是你、你的馬和曠野的真正生活?！眂reate創(chuàng)造；miss錯過；love愛；refuse拒絕。此處用動詞love表示“熱愛”。故選C。18．句意：他們愛這種傳統(tǒng)的牛仔文化“這是你、你的馬和曠野的真正生活?！眂ountry國家；culture文化；mind心理；cowboy牛仔。此處用opencountry表示“曠野”。故選A。19．句意：有些人是后來在生活中選擇了這個工作。later后來；early早的；quickly快；suddenly突然。根據(jù)上一段“theyarebornintothelife”可知此處講述的后來選擇這個工作的人，用副詞later。故選A。20．句意：帕特在美國政府有個辦公室工作，有高薪，但是他不喜歡城市的生活，不喜歡一天都在室內(nèi)。so因此；and和；since自從；but但是。此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，用連詞but。故選D。21．句意：因此有一天，他放棄了他的工作，搬到德克薩斯州的牧場，作為牛仔賺著少很多的錢。lookedfor尋找；tookup占據(jù)；gaveup放棄；caredabout在意。根據(jù)hisjob可知此處指的是他放棄了政府的工作，用動詞短語gaveup。故選C。22．句意：因此有一天，他放棄了他的工作，搬到德克薩斯州的牧場，作為牛仔賺著少很多的錢。for為了；as作為；with和；like像。根據(jù)acowboy可知此處用介詞as表示“作為”。故選B。23．句意：它來自于在天空下自由的醒過來，成為你自己的主宰。relaxed放松的；slow慢的；late后來；free自由的。根據(jù)“wakeupundertheskyandbeingyourownboss”可知此處用形容詞free表示“自由的”。故選D。三、2019年三、完型填空A)請先閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Bodyimage–thewaypeoplefeelabouttheirlooks–isabigproblemformanyyoungpeopletoday.Accordingtoa____9____,morethanhalftheteenagegirlsintheUSA.think___10___shouldbeonadiet(節(jié)食)andalmostoneinfiveteenageboysare___11___abouttheirbodiesandtheirweight.Butwhat’sthecause?Inthestudy,manyblame(責(zé)備)themedia(媒體).TomontheTVandyou’ll___12___seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___13___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,andit’susually___14___.Manyyoungpeoplefeelpressureto___15___these“perfect’people.Butformost,thisisjustnotpossible.IntheUSA.theaverage(平均的)womanis163cmtallandweighs64kilos,___16___theaveragemodelis180cmtallandweighs53kilos.Whenpeopledon’tlookthewaymany___17___peoplelook,theymaybecomelessconfident.Somestopeating_____18_____inordertoloseweight.Studentscanlosesomanyconfidencethattheystartto_____19_____takingpartinclassroomactivitiesatschool.Bodyimageproblemsdon’t_____20_____aswegetolder,either.IntheUK,forexample,womenover50spendmoremoneyoncosmetics(化妝品)thananyother_____21_____group.Oldermenspendalotofmoneytryingto_____22_____hairloss(損失).Isthereasolutiontotheproblem?A2016studyintheUKsuggestedthatbodyimagelessonsshouldbeprovidedin_____23_____.Othersbelieveit’saproblemthatallofsocietyneedstodealwith.AsMeaghanRamseysays,“Weneedtojudgepeoplebywhattheydo,notwhattheylooklike.”9.A.newspaper B.magazine C.study D.book10.A.we B.they C.you D.she11.A.confident B.sure C.worried D.happy12.A.probably B.hardly C.never D.finally13.A.Get B.Open C.Take D.Find14.A.thesame B.different C.special D.interesting15.A.lookafter B.lookfor C.lookat D.looklike16.A.because B.although C.but D.or17.A.kind B.strong C.young D.famous18.A.early B.properly C.slowly D.carefully19.A.enjoy B.stop C.finish D.forget20.A.come B.continue C.disappear D.happen21.A.age B.job C.hobby D.man22.A.make B.avoid C.refuse D.protect23.A.supermarkets B.streets C.parks D.schools9.【答案】C【解析】句意：根據(jù)一項調(diào)查?？疾槊~辨析和語境。根據(jù)newspaper報紙，magazine雜志，study調(diào)查，book書；根據(jù)morethanhalftheteenagegirlsintheUSA.think___2___shouldbeonadiet(節(jié)食)andalmostoneinfiveteenageboysare___3___abouttheirbodiesandtheirweight.可知是調(diào)查；故選C。10.【答案】B【解析】句意：美國一半以上的年輕女孩認(rèn)為她們應(yīng)該節(jié)食。考查人稱代詞和語境。根據(jù)we我們，they她們，you你，she她；根據(jù)morethanhalftheteenagegirls可知是她們；故選B。11.【答案】C【解析】句意：幾乎五分之一的男孩擔(dān)心他們的身體和體重?？疾樾稳菰~短語。根據(jù)confident自信的，sure確信的，worried擔(dān)心的，happy高興的；根據(jù)Accordingtoa____1____,morethanhalftheteenagegirlsintheUSA.think___2___shouldbeonadiet(節(jié)食)andalmostoneinfiveteenageboys可知是beworryabout擔(dān)心；故選C。12.【答案】A【解析】句意：你也許看見美麗的模特。考查副詞辨析和語境。根據(jù)probably也許，hardly幾乎不，never從不，finally最后；根據(jù)seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___5___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,和語境，可知是也許會看見；故選A。13.【答案】B【解析】句意：打開一本雜志?？疾閯釉~辨析和語境。根據(jù)Get得到，Open打開，Take帶走，F(xiàn)ind找到；根據(jù)you’ll___4___seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___5___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,和語境，可知是打開雜志也能看見；故選B。14.【答案】A【解析】句意：它通常是一樣的?？疾樾稳菰~辨析和語境。根據(jù)thesame一樣的，different不同的，special特殊的，interesting有趣的；根據(jù)you’ll___4___seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___5___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,可知電視上，雜志上，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上是一樣的；故選A。15.【答案】D【解析】句意：看起來像這些完美的人許多年輕人有壓力?？疾閯釉~短語和語境。根據(jù)lookafter照顧，lookfor尋找，lookat看，looklike看起來像；根據(jù)上文看電視美麗的模特和青少年減肥擔(dān)心自己的體重，和Butformost,thisisjustnotpossible.IntheUSA.theaverage(平均的)womanis163cmtallandweighs64kilos,___8___theaveragemodelis180cmtallandweighs53kilos.可知是看起來像這些完美的人有壓力；故選D。16.【答案】C【解析】句意：但是模特平均身高180cm,體重53公斤?？疾檫B詞和語境。根據(jù)because因為，although盡管，but但是，or或者，否則；根據(jù)IntheUSA.theaverage(平均的)womanis163cmtallandweighs64kilos,和theaveragemodelis180cmtallandweighs53kilos.之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示但是；故選C。17.【答案】D【解析】句意：當(dāng)人們看起來不是許多名人看起來的樣子時，他們就失去自信?？疾樾稳菰~辨析和語境。根據(jù)kind善良的，strong強(qiáng)壯的，young年輕的，famous著名的；根據(jù)上文年輕人想讓自己看起來像模特、明星一樣，可知是著名的人；故選D。18.【答案】B【解析】句意：一些人為了減肥停止正確地飲食?？疾楦痹~和語境。根據(jù)early早地，properly合適地，slowly慢地，carefully仔細(xì)地；根據(jù)inordertoloseweight.Studentscanlosesomanyconfidencethattheystartto____11____takingpartinclassroomactivitiesatschool.可知是為了減肥停止正確地飲食；故選B。19.【答案】B【解析】句意：學(xué)生失去太多的自信，以至于在學(xué)校他們開始停止參加教室活動?？疾閯釉~辨析和語境。根據(jù)enjoy喜歡，stop停止，finish完成，forget忘記；根據(jù)losesomanyconfidence可知是失去自信，所以停止參加活動；故選B。20.【答案】C【解析】句意：自我形體影像不會因為我們年齡的增長而消失。考查動詞辨析和語境。根據(jù)come來，continue繼續(xù)，disappear消失，happen發(fā)生；根據(jù)上文青少年注意自己的自我形體形象，和IntheUK,forexample,womenover50spendmoremoneyoncosmetics(化妝品)thananyother____13____group.Oldermenspendalotofmoneytryingto____14____hairloss(損失).可知是不會因為我們年齡的增長而消失；故選C。21.【答案】A【解析】句意：50多歲的女人比其他年齡的人群花更多的錢買化妝品。考查名詞辨析和語境。根據(jù)age年齡，job工作，hobby愛好，man男人；根據(jù)Bodyimageproblemsdon’t____12____aswegetolder,either.可知是年齡；故選A。22.【答案】B【解析】句意：更老的男人花許多錢避免頭發(fā)的損失?？疾閯釉~辨析和語境。根據(jù)make制造，avoid避免，refuse拒絕，protect保護(hù)；根據(jù)Bodyimageproblemsdon’t____12____aswegetolder,either.和womenover50spendmoremoneyoncosmetics(化妝品)thananyother____13____group.可知是避免掉發(fā)；故選B。23.【答案】D【解析】句意：自我形體影像課應(yīng)該在學(xué)校被提供。考查名詞辨析和語境。根據(jù)supermarkets超市，streets街道，parks公園，schools學(xué)校；根據(jù)上文青少年注意自我形體影像的問題和lessons，可知是在學(xué)校提供這樣的課程；故選D。四、2018年三、完型填空A)請先閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,evenpurplecomputers!Sopurpleisoneofthemost___9___colorstoday.Butinthepast,purplewasaveryexpensiveandunusualcolor.Let’stakealookattherich___10___ofthecolorpurple.SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsago___11___lookedpurple,notgreen.Plantstodayaregreenbecause___12___usegreenchlorophyll(葉綠素)toproduceenergy.___13___theseearlyplantsprobablyusedsomethingcalledretinal,whichisadarkpurplecolor.DuringthetimeoftheromanEmpire(37BC-476AD),itwasvery___14___tomakepurpledye(染料).Thedyecamefromseasnails(海螺).But10.000deadseasnails___15___youjustonegram(克)ofpurpledye…aswellasaverybadsmell!This___16___purpledyewascalledTyrianpurple,anditwasthepreferred___17___ofemperors.In16th--centuryEngland,purplewas___18___forthekingsfamilymembers.QueenElizabethIsclotheswerepurple,butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedto___19___thecolor.In1856.WilliamPerkin,an18-year-old___20___student,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment(實驗).Thechemicals(化學(xué)藥品)heusedtocleanhisinstruments___21___withthechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.This___22___Perkintostartacompanyusingthischemicalmixturetomakepurpledye.Thedyewasmuch___23___thanseasnaildye.ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.9.A.peacefulB.popularC.excitingD.serious10.A.historyB.styleC.researchD.product11.A.graduallyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.probably12.A.othersB.theyC.weD.some13.A.AndB.SoC.ButD.Until14.A.dangerousB.commonC.difficultD.strange15.A.gotB.passedC.wastedD.cost16.A.basicB.harmfulC.specialD.perfect17.A.colorB.smellC.plantD.animal18.A.evenB.neverC.seldomD.only19.A.wearB.sellC.changeD.make20.A.geographyB.scienceC.artD.math21.A.comparedB.mixedC.collectedD.kept22.A.surveyB.suggestionC.discoveryD.exam23.A.healthierB.thickerC.cheaperD.darker9.【答案】B【解析】句意：所以紫色是當(dāng)今最流行的顏色之一。考查形容詞辨析題。根據(jù)開頭Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,evenpurplecomputers!，可知紫色很流行，故選B。10.【答案】A【解析】句意：讓我們來看看紫色的豐富歷史?？疾槊~辨析題。根據(jù)下一段開頭SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsagoprobablylookedpurple,notgreen.，可知談的是紫色的歷史，故選A。11.【答案】D【解析】句意：5億多年前出現(xiàn)在地球上的第一批植物可能看起來是紫色的，而不是綠色的。考查副詞辨析題。A.gradually漸漸地；B.especially尤其；C.exactly真地；D.probably可能。本句表推測，需用probably；根據(jù)句意語境，可知選D。12.【答案】B【解析】句意：今天的植物是綠色的，因為它們用綠色的葉綠素產(chǎn)生能量?？疾榇~辨析題?？崭裰复衔牡膒lants，復(fù)數(shù)形式，需用they；根據(jù)句意語境，可知選B。13.【答案】C【解析】句意：但是這些早期的植物可能使用了一種叫做視網(wǎng)膜的東西，它是一種深紫色?？疾檫B詞辨析題?？崭袂昂笫乾F(xiàn)在的和早期的對比，屬于轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，需用but連接；根據(jù)句意語境，可知選C。14.【答案】C【解析】句意：在羅馬帝國時期，很難制造紫色染料?？疾樾稳菰~辨析題。根據(jù)下文Thedyecamefromseasnails.But10.000deadseasnailsgotyoujustonegramofpurpledye…10只死海蝸牛只得到一克紫色染料，可知很難得，故選C。15.【答案】A【解析】句意：染料來自海螺。但是10000只死海蝸牛只給了你一克紫色染料?？疾閯釉~辨析題。A.got得到；B.passed通過；C.wasted浪費；D.cost價值。根據(jù)句意語境，可知后面三項意思都與句意不合，故選A。16.【答案】C【解析】句意：這種特殊的紫色染料被稱為提利紫色，它是皇帝的首選顏色?？疾樾稳菰~辨析題。根據(jù)前文Thedyecamefromseasnails.染料來自海蝸牛，可知很特別，故選C。17.【答案】A【解析】句意：它是皇帝的首選顏色。考查名詞辨析題。根據(jù)上文wascalledTyrianpurple，可知是顏色，A.basic基礎(chǔ)的；B.harmful有害的；D.perfect完美的，均不合句意，可排除。故選A。18.【答案】D【解析】句意：在第十六世紀(jì)的英國，紫色只是為國王的家庭成員?？疾楦痹~辨析題。根據(jù)下文butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedtowearthecolor.普通人不允許穿這種顏色，可知是“只為王室”，故選D。19.【答案】A【解析】句意：但是普通人是不允許穿這種顏色的?？疾閯釉~辨析題。根據(jù)句意語境，可知wear符合句意，故選A。20.【答案】B【解析】句意：1856年，18歲的理科學(xué)生WilliamPerkin在做實驗時注意到一些奇怪的東西。考查名詞辨析題。根據(jù)下文Thechemicalsheusedtocleanhisinstrumentsmixedwiththechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.，兩種化學(xué)藥品混合產(chǎn)生了反應(yīng)（產(chǎn)生紫色），可知做的是科學(xué)實驗，故選B。21.【答案】B【解析】句意：他用來清洗儀器的化學(xué)藥品與他在實驗中使用的化學(xué)藥品混合，產(chǎn)生了明亮的紫色?？疾閯釉~辨析題。mixwith（使）與……混合；根據(jù)句意語境，可知選B。22.【答案】C【解析】句意：這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使Perkin創(chuàng)辦了一家用這種化學(xué)混合物生產(chǎn)紫色染料的公司?？疾槊~辨析題。根據(jù)上文WilliamPerkin,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment.Perkin可知是在做實驗時注意到的，所以是他的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。23.【答案】C【解析】句意：這種染料比海螺染料便宜得多?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。根據(jù)下文ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.任何人都買得起紫色衣服，可知更便宜，故選C。五、2017年三、完形填空（25分）280詞數(shù)請選閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。（每小題1分）Eachoneofussharesthisplanetwithsevenbillionothers.Andweallneed__36__.Peopleandproductsneedtomovefromcitytocityandcountrytocountry.However,weallknow__37__mostcars,motorcycles,boatsandplanescauseairpollution.Theyarealso__38___.Thisisaseriousprobleminmanycities.___39__inventorsarecomingupwithcreativeideastotrytoreducethepollutionandnoise.Inmanycitiesaroundtheworld,motorcyclesarevery___40___.NowVietnamhasaround33millionmotorcyclesandChinahasalmost120million.Motorcyclesareafasterandcheaperwaytogetaroundacitythan___41___.Yetairpollutionisagrowingproblem.Inlargecities,people__42___itisdifficulttobreathe.Tosolvetheseproblems,aU.S.companydesignedanenvironmentallyfriendlymotorcycle.Ituseselectricityasfuel(燃料).Asaresult,thereis__43___pollution.It’salsoquietandfast.Thismakes____44___agoodchoiceforgettingaroundacity.TheItaliancityofVeniceisacitywithonlyafew___45___.Therearenocarsinthecitycenter.__46___cars,watertaxisandbusescarrypeoplealongthecity’scanals(運河).However,theycausepollution,____47__tothewater.EnglishengineersDickandJemdesignedasolar-powered(太陽能）watertaxi.Thewatertaxi___48____runforadayafterbeingrecharged（充電）.Planesalsocauseairandnoisepollution.Designinganenvironmentallyfriendlyairplaneisareal__49____.Someairplanecompanieshave____50___tosolvetheproblems.Swissengineershavegoneonestepfurther.Theydevelopedasolarairplane.Thisplaneholdstheworldrecordforthelongestsolar-poweredflight-1,541kilometersfromArizonatoTexasinAmerica.36.A.air B.food C.transportation D.communication37.A.how B.why C.when D.that38.A.noisy B.dirty C.fast D.expensive39.A.Since B.So C.Because D.Although40.A.popular B.valuable C.dangerous D.safe41.A.bikes B．subways C.buses D.cars42.A.explain B.complain C.doubt D.promise43.A.much B.some C.no D.more44.A.them B.you C.us D.it45.A.rivers B.roads C.tourists D.people46.A.Insteadof B.Thanksto C.Becauseof D.Asfor47.A.probably B.only C.especially D.hardly48.A.must B.can C.should D.need49.A.question B.job C.decision D.challenge50.A.disagreed B.refused C.started D.remembered【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，通過介紹當(dāng)今交通工具造成了空氣污染、噪音污染及水污染等，告訴我們?yōu)榱藴p少這些污染，人們設(shè)計了環(huán)保型摩托車、太陽能水上出租車及環(huán)保型飛機(jī)以及與這些交通工具有關(guān)的一些事情。36.C【解析】考查名詞辨析。air“空氣”；food“食物”；transportation“運輸工具”；communication“通訊”。根據(jù)下句Peopleandproductsneedtomovefromcitytocityandcountrytocountry.（人和物品需要從一個城市運到另一個城市和從一個國家運到另一個國家。）可知，“我們都需要運輸工具?！眛ransportation符合題意。故選C。37.D【解析】考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。how“如何；怎樣”；why“為什么”；when“什么時候”；that無詞義，引導(dǎo)的賓語從句為陳述句。根據(jù)句子However,weallknow__37__mostcars,motorcycles,boatsandplanescauseairpollution.（然而，我們都知道大部分汽車、摩托車、船和飛機(jī)都引起空氣污染。）可知，know是謂語動詞，所以后面是賓語從句，且賓語從句是陳述語序，所以引導(dǎo)詞用that。故選D。38.A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。noisy“吵鬧的”；dirty“臟的”；fast“快的”；expensive“昂貴的”。根據(jù)下文___39__inventorsarecomingupwithcreativeideastotrytoreducethepollutionandnoise.（所以發(fā)明家提出了創(chuàng)造性的想法來減少污染和噪音。）可知，句子Theyarealso__38___.的意思是“它們也很吵?！眓oisy符合題意。故選A。39.B【解析】考查連詞辨析。since“既然；自從”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句或時間狀語從句；so“因此；所以”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句；because“因為”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；although“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。分析Thisisaseriousprobleminmanycities.___39__inventorsarecomingupwithcreativeideastotrytoreducethepollutionandnoise.可知，前后是因果關(guān)系，所以用so。故選B。40.A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。popular“受歡迎的；流行的”；valuable“有價值的”；dangerous“危險的”；safe“安全的”。根據(jù)下句NowVietnamhasaround33millionmotorcyclesandChinahasalmost120million.（現(xiàn)在越南有大約3300萬輛摩托車，中國有近1億2000萬輛。）可知，摩托車現(xiàn)在很流行，句子Inmanycitiesaroundtheworld,motorcyclesarevery___40___.的意思是“在世界各地的許多城市，摩托車很流行?！眕opular符合題意。故選A。41.D【解析】考查名詞辨析。bikes“自行車”；subways“地鐵”；buses“公共汽車”；cars“汽車”。根據(jù)句子Motorcyclesareafasterandcheaperwaytogetaroundacitythan___41___.（摩托車比汽車環(huán)游大城市更快、更便宜。）可知，摩托車與汽車相比較更快、更便宜，cars符合題意。故選D。42.B【解析】考查動詞辨析。explain“解釋”；complain“抱怨”；doubt“懷疑”；promise“許諾”。根據(jù)句子Inlargecities,people__42___itisdifficulttobreathe.可知，因為呼吸困難，所以大城市里，人們抱怨。complain符合題意。故選B。43.C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。much“大量的”；some“一些”；no“沒有的”；more“更多的”。根據(jù)上句Ituseselectricityasfuel(燃料).（它用電作為燃料。）可知，這種環(huán)保型摩托車用電作為燃料，所以沒有污染。句子Asaresult,thereis__43___pollution.的意思是“因此，沒有污染。”no符合題意。故選C。44.D【解析】考查人稱代詞辨析。them“它們”；you“你/你們”；us“我們”；it“它”。根據(jù)上句It’salsoquietandfast.（它也安靜而快捷。）可知，句子Thismakes____44___agoodchoiceforgettingaroundacity.的意思是“這使環(huán)保型摩托車成為環(huán)游城市的一個好的選擇。”此處人稱代詞代指“環(huán)保型摩托車”，所以用it。故選D。45.B【解析】考查名詞辨析。rivers“河流”；roads“公路”；tourists“游客”；people“人們”。根據(jù)下句Therearenocarsinthecitycentre.（市中心沒有汽車。）及威尼斯是水上城市可知，句子TheItaliancityofVeniceisacitywithonlyafew___45___.的意思是“意大利的威尼斯是一個僅有幾條公路的城市?！眗oads符合題意。故選B。46.A【解析】考查短語辨析。insteadof“代替……；而不是……”；thanksto“多虧了”；becauseof“因為”；asfor“至于”。根據(jù)句子__46___cars,watertaxisandbusescarrypeoplealongthecity’scanals(運河).可知，水上出租車和公共汽車代替汽車沿著運河運送人們。insteadof符合題意。故選A。47.C【解析】考查副詞辨析。probably“可能”；only“僅僅；只有”；especially“尤其”；hardly“幾乎不”。根據(jù)句子However,theycausepollution,____47__tothewater.可知，however“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，they指水上出租車和公共汽車，句意為：然而，它們造成污染，尤其對水。especially符合題意。故選C。48.B【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。must“必須；一定”；can“能；會”；should“應(yīng)該”；need“需要”。根據(jù)句子Thewatertaxi___48____runforadayafterbeingrecharged（充電）.可知，充電后水上出租車運行一天是能力，所以用can。故選B。49.D【解析】考查名詞辨析。question“問題”；job“工作”；decision“決定”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”。根據(jù)句子Designinganenvironmentallyfriendlyairplaneisareal__49____.及常識可知，“設(shè)計環(huán)保型飛機(jī)是真正的挑戰(zhàn)?！眂hallenge符合題意。故選D。50.C【解析】考查動詞辨析。disagreed“不同意”；refused“拒絕”；started“開始”；remembered“記住”。根據(jù)下句Swissengineershavegoneonestepfurther.（瑞士的工程師們已經(jīng)向前邁出了一步。）可知，一些航空公司已經(jīng)開始解決這些問題。started符合題意。故選C。南昌市中考一模二、完型填空Itonlytakesonepersontomakehugechangesinacommunity(社區(qū)).MargieRichardisoneofthesepeople.SheisagreatBlackenvironmentalactivist(活躍分子).Shehasworkedformanyyearsto9herhometown.ShehasalsohelpedotherBlackcommunitiesfightagainst10pollution.Eventoday,Blackpeoplearemorelikelythanwhitepeopletoliveinneighborhoodswith11levelsofairpollution.Theseneighborhoodsare12nearfactoriesthatpollutetheair.Thispollutioncausespeopleinthesecommunitiestoget13.Richardsfightsagainstbigcompaniesthat14thesefactories.Shewantspeopleinthesecommunitiestobeabletobreathecleanairandlive15lives.First,Richardspoketoscientistsandenvironmentalists.Shehadtoprove(證明)thatthe16waspollutingtheair.Aftermorethan13yearsofhardwork,Richardandothersputtogetherareport.Thisreportprovedthatthefactory172millionpoundsofharmfulchemicalsintotheaireachyear.Richardspoketothemedia(媒體)aboutthe18ofthisairpollution.Sheconvinced(使……信服)manypeople19thecountry.Theyhelpedspreadhermessage.Finally,theoilcompanyagreedtohelppeopleinOldDiamond.Thecompanypaidpeoplemoneytomoveawayfromthefactory.Italsoworkedto20itsfactoriestobelessharmfultotheenvironment.MargieRichardbelievesthereisstillalongwaytogo,21shecontinuestohelpothercommunitiesfightagainstpollutionfrombigcompanies.Shewantstogether22outtotheworld.Sheremindspeoplethat23canchangetheircommunity.Theyjusthavetospeakupandtakeact