山東省棗莊市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試（一調(diào)）英語試題 附解析

2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié);滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIt’shardtoimagineanygiftsmoreconvenientthanonlineflowerdelivery.Thereisnodrivingtothelocalfloristshop,nowaitingonhold,andnosearchingforaphonenumberforaflowerdeliveryserviceintheareayouneedtosend.Yousimplyselectthebouquetorarrangement,andenterthedeliveryandpaymentinformation.Besides,manyofferadditionalgiftsincludinggiftbaskets,chocolates,teddybearsandsoon.FastFlowerDeliveryOnlineWhenyoubuyflowersonline,youcangetflowerdeliveryjustasfastasifyouplacetheorderinpersonoroverthephone.IfyouplaceyourorderearlyinthedaywithanInternetflorist,manyofthebestcandeliveronthesameday.SendFlowersforLessCustomersoftenfindbetterpriceswhenbuyingontheInternet,becauseonlineflowershopstypicallyhavelowerpricesandmorediscountdeals.Theseshopshavelessoverhead(運(yùn)營費(fèi)用)andcosts,sotheycanpassthesavingsontothecustomer.Inaddition,youusuallygetamuchbetterdeal,especiallyatbusyholidayssuchasValentine’sDay,Easter,Mother’sDay,Christmas,etc.SpectacularFlowerSelectionAtypicallocalflowershopdoesnothaveabigselectiontochoose,andalso,whenyouorderflowersoverthephoneyoucan’tseewhatyou’llget.Onlineflowershopshavepictures,andstillmanyhaveaspectacularselectiontochoosefrom.Plus,ifoneInternetfloristdoesn’thavewhatyouwant,it’lltakejustafewsecondstobuyflowersonlinefromanotherfloristsite.1.Whatmightyougetonaspecialholiday?A.Fasterdelivery. B.Widerchoices. C.Morediscount. D.Extragifts.2.Inwhichaspectisonlineflowerdeliverybetterthanoverthephone?A.Youseepicturesoftheflowers.B.Youneedn’tdrivetotheshop.C.Youcanpayafterwards.D.Youhaveafasterservice.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toshowtheadvantagesofonlineshopping.B.Tohelprunanonlinefloralbusiness.C.Toadvertiseanonlineflowershop.D.Topromoteonlineflowerdelivery.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。從速度、價(jià)格、選擇三個(gè)方面詳細(xì)論述了鮮花配送服務(wù)的好處，來推廣線上鮮花配送?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inaddition,youusuallygetamuchbetterdeal,especiallyatbusyholidayssuchasValentine’sDay,Easter,Mother’sDay,Christmas,etc.(此外，你通常會(huì)得到更好的折扣，尤其是在繁忙的節(jié)日，如情人節(jié)、復(fù)活節(jié)、母親節(jié)、圣誕節(jié)等)”可知在節(jié)假日買花優(yōu)惠更多。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Yousimplyselectthebouquetorarrangement,andenterthedeliveryandpaymentinformation.(您只需選擇花束或布置，然后輸入送貨和付款信息)”可知相對(duì)于電話訂購，網(wǎng)絡(luò)訂購可以看到鮮花圖片并選擇自己想要的樣式。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章開門見山，拋出話題中心：鮮花配送服務(wù)。之后從速度、價(jià)格、選擇三個(gè)方面詳細(xì)論述了鮮花配送服務(wù)的好處，所以D選項(xiàng)“Topromoteonlineflowerdelivery.(推廣線上鮮花配送)”是本篇文章的目的。故選D。BIstillremembermyfather’sembarrassmentthedaywhenhewasinvitedtohavedinneratacolleague’shouse.FreshlyarrivinginBrazil,andnotbeingabletolookupontheInternet,heoffendedhishostsbymakingahandgesture—acirclewiththethumbandindexfinger.Hehadalwaysunderstoodittomean“OK”,butinBrazil,itmeantsomethingdifferent.Theepisodewasswiftlyforgotten.Myfather’scolleagueunderstoodthatheprobablywasn’tyetawareofthelocalmeaningofthegesture.Hegentlyexplaineditmeantsomethingrude,andthenitwasfiledawayunder“thingsnottobedoneinRio”.IwasremindedmyselfinChina.AfterIrepliedtoafriend’sWeChatmessagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant“keepfighting”,anotherfriendtoldmeIuseditwrong.“TheChineseversionisabitdifferent,”shesaid,takingoutherphoneandshowingtome.“Seethesecharacters?Theymean‘Iwillhityou!’”Lifeisfullofcrossedmeanings.InIndia,yousigntosomeonetocomeoverwithyourpalmdown,notup.AndintheMiddleEast,youneveruseyourlefthandforanythingpublic.Asadults,weunderstandthatevenifithurts,amistakeisonlyaninsult(侮辱)whenitisdeliberate.Yet,manyconflictscomefrommisunderstanding,andhistoryisfulloftheunfortunateoutcomesofcross-culturalcommunication.Myfather’spre-InternetBrazilianmistakewasforgivenbecauseofcontext—hehadjustarrivedandhedidn’tknowitslocalmeaning.Butwhencontextisabsentorsimplydifferentlyunderstood—especiallyinthesocialmedia—perhapsitistimeweallthinktwicebeforetypingortalking,especiallywhentheconsequencescanbemoreseverethanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker.4.Whatisthetopicofthetext?A.Culturaldifference. B.Languageandculture.C.Signlanguage. D.Goodmanners.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellinghisfather’sstory?A.TheOKsignmeansdifferentlyinBrazil.B.Cross-culturalmistakesarecommon.C.TheInternethelpstoavoidmistakes.D.Misunderstandingsleadtobadresults.6.WhatdidtheauthormeantodobyusingtheVanGoghsticker?A.Togreethisfriend. B.Toencouragehisfriend.C.Tothreatenhisfriend. D.Tomakefunofhisfriend.7.Whatmightresultinifthereisnocontext?A.Culturalconflicts. B.Forgiveness. C.Culturalgaps. D.Mutualrespect.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章作者通過一些例子講述了文化差異。【4題詳解】文章主旨題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Hehadalwaysunderstoodittomean“OK”,butinBrazil,itmeantsomethingdifferent.(他一直理解它的意思是“好”，但在巴西，它的意思有所不同)”和第三段中的“AfterIrepliedtoafriend’sWeChatmessagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant“keepfighting”,anotherfriendtoldmeIuseditwrong.(我回復(fù)了一個(gè)朋友的微信，上面貼著梵高的貼紙，我認(rèn)為這意味著“繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗”，另一個(gè)朋友告訴我我用錯(cuò)了)”及第五段中的“InIndia,yousigntosomeonetocomeoverwithyourpalmdown,notup.AndintheMiddleEast,youneveruseyourlefthandforanythingpublic.(在印度，你給某人簽字，讓他過來時(shí)手掌朝下，而不是朝上。在中東，你不在公共場合使用左手)”可知，文章主要講述了文化差異。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Hehadalwaysunderstoodittomean“OK”,butinBrazil,itmeantsomethingdifferent.(他一直理解它的意思是“好”，但在巴西，它的意思有所不同)”及第二段中的“Myfather’scolleagueunderstoodthatheprobablywasn’tyetawareofthelocalmeaningofthegesture.(我父親的同事明白，他可能還沒有意識(shí)到這個(gè)手勢(shì)的當(dāng)?shù)睾x)”可推知，作者想通過講述父親的故事來表明跨文化錯(cuò)誤是常見的。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AfterIrepliedtoafriend’sWeChatmessagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant“keepfighting”,anotherfriendtoldmeIuseditwrong.(我回復(fù)了一個(gè)朋友的微信，上面貼著梵高的貼紙，我認(rèn)為這意味著“繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗”，另一個(gè)朋友告訴我我用錯(cuò)了)”可知，作者打算用梵高的貼紙來鼓勵(lì)他的朋友。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butwhencontextisabsentorsimplydifferentlyunderstood—especiallyinthesocialmedia—perhapsitistimeweallthinktwicebeforetypingortalking,especiallywhentheconsequencescanbemoreseverethanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker.(但是，當(dāng)上下文不存在或只是理解不同時(shí)——尤其是在社交媒體上——也許是我們?cè)诖蜃只蛘f話之前三思的時(shí)候了，尤其是當(dāng)后果可能比濫用微信貼紙更嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候)”可知,如果沒有上下文，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致文化沖突。故選A。CTurkmenistanisacountryinCentralAsia,nearAfghanistanandIran.InDarvaza,oneofitsvillages,thereisaveryinterestingfeature.Itisamassiveholeintheground-about20metres(65feet)deepand60metres(196feet)across.Theenormouspithasbeenonfireformorethan50years.Whyisthecrateronfire?Themostpopulartheoryisthatin1971,ateamofgeologistsfromthethen-SovietUnionweredrillinginthecountry’sKarakumDeserttotrytofindgas.Thegroundunderthedrillcollapsedandmethane(甲烷)gasbegantoescapeintotheair.Thegeologistsdecidedthesafestthingtodowastoburnoffthegasbylightingitonfire.Theythoughtthefirewouldburnforonlyafewweeks.However,ithasbeenburningsteadilyformorethan50years.AccordingtoaBBCarticle,CanadianexplorerGeorgeKourounisdiscoveredin2013that“nooneactuallyknowshowthis…infernocametobe.”But,nowthecratermayfinallybeextinguished.Turkmenistan’spresident,Mr.GurbangulyBerdimuhamedow,hasaskedscientistsinthecountrytofigureouthowtoputouttheburningcrater.Hewentonthecountry’sstate-runtelevisionstationonJanuary8toencourageexpertstofindawaytostopthefire.Oneofthereasonshewantsthecratertobeputoutisthatthecountrycancollectthegasthatfuelsit.Gasisaveryimportantandvaluableresourceandcanbeusedformanypurposes.Ifit’sjustburningoff,thegascannotbeusedorsold.AccordingtothewebsiteV,thecratersitsonthefourthlargestreserveofnaturalgasintheworld.Anotherreasonthepresidentmaywantthecraterputoutistostoptheharmfuleffects,tohumansandtheenvironment,oftheburninggas.8.Whydidthegeologistslightthecrater?A.Totestthequalityofthegas.B.Toexhausttheundergroundgas.C.Topreventexplosionofthegas.D.Tostoptheescapeofthegas.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inferno”inParagraph3referto?A.Thearticle. B.Thetheory. C.Thefire. D.Thepresident.10.WhatdoesTurkmenistan’spresidentwanttodo?A.Toprotectthecrater.B.Tofindthereasonofthefire.C.Toseekhelpfromthepublic.D.Toexploitandusethegas.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFireCraterMaySoonBePutOutB.APeculiarScenicSpotinTurkmenistanC.TheCraterBurningforFiftyYearsD.TheHarmfulEffectsoftheBurningGas【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹土庫曼斯坦積極尋求方法，希望能夠熄滅燃燒的火山口?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thegroundunderthedrillcollapsedandmethane(甲烷)gasbegantoescapeintotheair.Thegeologistsdecidedthesafestthingtodowastoburnoffthegasbylightingitonfire.Theythoughtthefirewouldburnforonlyafewweeks.(鉆頭下的地面塌陷，甲烷氣體開始泄漏到空氣中。地質(zhì)學(xué)家們認(rèn)為最安全的辦法是用火燒掉這些氣體。他們認(rèn)為大火只會(huì)燃燒幾個(gè)星期)”可知，這些地質(zhì)學(xué)家決定點(diǎn)燃?xì)怏w，為了把這些地下氣體耗盡。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Whyisthecrateronfire?(為什么火山口著火了？)”及本段內(nèi)容可知，這一段雖然在解釋這個(gè)火山口的形成，但僅僅是一種最流行的理論。由此推知，這位探險(xiǎn)家的意思是“沒有人真正知道這個(gè)大火是如何形成的”。由此可知，劃線詞inferno指的是上文提到的“大火”。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oneofthereasonshewantsthecratertobeputoutisthatthecountrycancollectthegasthatfuelsit.(他希望火山口被清除的原因之一是該國可以收集燃料天然氣)”可知，這個(gè)總統(tǒng)想要收集為其提供燃料的氣體，因?yàn)樗卸喾N用途，可以開發(fā)和使用。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章介紹了火山口的形成，目的是通過對(duì)這漫長燃燒過程的強(qiáng)調(diào)，引出第三段文章的重點(diǎn)“But,nowthecratermayfinallybeextinguished.(但是，現(xiàn)在這個(gè)隕石坑可能最終會(huì)消失)”，形成一種長時(shí)間燃燒與終于被撲滅的對(duì)比。由此可知，“TheFireCraterMaySoonBePutOut(火山口可能很快就會(huì)被撲滅)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。DResearchersfromtheFrenchNationalCentreforScientificResearch(CNRS)discoveredthatantspeciesFormicafuscahasawell-developedsenseofsmell.Itwasabletodistinguishcancerouscellsfromhealthycellsinhumans.Butmoreclinicaltestsmustbecarriedoutbeforethefindingscouldbeusedinclinicalsettingslikehospitals,theteamsaid.Intheresearch,thescientistsperformedtestswith36ants,smellingcellsunderalaboratorysetting.First,theantswereexposedtothesmellofasampleofcanceroushumancells.Thisodor(氣味)wasthenassociatedwitharewardofsugarsolution.Then,theresearchersexposedtheantstotwodifferentodors.Onewasanewsmellandtheotherwasthesmellofthecancerouscells.Oncethistestwassuccessful,theresearchersexposedtheantstodifferentcancerouscells.Assuch,thescientistsfoundthat“antsdiscriminatebetweencancerousandhealthycellsandbetweentwocancerouslines.”Aftertraining,Formicafuscaantsareabletodetectvolatileorganiccompoundsofcancerouscells.Thisstudyshowsthatantsarecapableoflearningveryquickly,atlowercost,andareefficient,pointsoutCNRSinanewsrelease.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethatscientistshaveusedanimalstolocatecancerouscells.Dogs’nosesarewellsuitedformedicaldiagnosisandusedforthedetectionofcancer-specific.However,trainingthemtodosorequiresseveralmonthstoayear.Ontheotherhand,insectscanbeeasilyraisedincontrolledconditions.Theyareinexpensive,andhaveaverywell-developedsmellsystem.Hundredsofindividualscanbeconditionedwithveryfewtrials.Antsthereforerepresentafast,efficient,inexpensiveandhighlydiscriminantdetectiontoolfordetectionofcancercell,theteamexplained.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthefindings?A.Theyarethefirstfindingsinanimals.B.Theycanbeusedtotreatcancer.C.Theyareusefulinvarietiesoffields.D.Theyneedfurtherexperiments.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theresearchtoolsandmethods.B.Theprocessoftheresearch.C.Theapplicationofthefindings.D.Formicafusca’smagicpower.14.Inwhichaspectareantsbetterthandogsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theyhaveasharpersenseofsmell.B.Theyaremoreintelligentthandogs.C.Theytakelesstimetobetrained.D.Theyperformbetterinlaboratorysettings.15.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Anovel. C.Adiary. D.Amagazine.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是法國國家科學(xué)研究中心(CNRS)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，絲光褐林蟻（Formicafusca）的嗅覺非常發(fā)達(dá)。它能夠區(qū)分人類的癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞。但研究小組表示，在這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以用于醫(yī)院等臨床環(huán)境之前，還必須進(jìn)行更多的臨床測(cè)試?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Butmoreclinicaltestsmustbecarriedoutbeforethefindingscouldbeusedinclinicalsettingslikehospitals,theteamsaid.(但研究小組表示，在這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以用于醫(yī)院等臨床環(huán)境之前，還必須進(jìn)行更多的臨床測(cè)試。)”可知，這一研究結(jié)果還需要更多的臨床試驗(yàn)。故選D。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Intheresearch,thescientistsperformedtestswith36ants,smellingcellsunderalaboratorysetting.First,theantswereexposedtothesmellofasampleofcanceroushumancells.Thisodor(氣味)wasthenassociatedwitharewardofsugarsolution.Then,theresearchersexposedtheantstotwodifferentodors.Onewasanewsmellandtheotherwasthesmellofthecancerouscells.Oncethistestwassuccessful,theresearchersexposedtheantstodifferentcancerouscells.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，科學(xué)家們對(duì)36只螞蟻進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下嗅細(xì)胞。首先，將螞蟻暴露在癌癥人類細(xì)胞樣本的氣味中。然后，這種氣味與糖漿的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)聯(lián)系在一起。然后，研究人員將螞蟻暴露在兩種不同的氣味中。一種是新的氣味，另一種是癌細(xì)胞的氣味。一旦測(cè)試成功，研究人員將螞蟻暴露在不同的癌細(xì)胞中。)”可知，第二段講的是研究過程。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thisstudyshowsthatantsarecapableoflearningveryquickly,atlowercost,andareefficient,pointsoutCNRSinanewsrelease.(CNRS在一份新聞稿中指出，這項(xiàng)研究表明螞蟻能夠快速、低成本、高效地學(xué)習(xí)。)”和“Dogs’nosesarewellsuitedformedicaldiagnosisandusedforthedetectionofcancer-specific.However,trainingthemtodosorequiresseveralmonthstoayear.(狗的鼻子非常適合用于醫(yī)學(xué)診斷和癌癥特異性檢測(cè)。然而，訓(xùn)練它們這樣做需要幾個(gè)月到一年的時(shí)間。)”可知，這些螞蟻的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于快速、低成本、高效地學(xué)習(xí)，與狗相比，螞蟻的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是訓(xùn)練速度更快（耗時(shí)更少）。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。這是一篇科普文，主要講的是法國國家科學(xué)研究中心(CNRS)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，絲光褐林蟻（Formicafusca）的嗅覺非常發(fā)達(dá)。它能夠區(qū)分人類的癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞。但研究小組表示，在這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以用于醫(yī)院等臨床環(huán)境之前，還必須進(jìn)行更多的臨床測(cè)試，是近期最新的研究成果，最可能來源于科學(xué)期刊或雜志，故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’sthestartofanewacademicyear.There’severyreasontogobacktoschool—oratleastacquireanewskill.Startwithart.Ifyou’vealwaysfanciedyourselfasabitofaPicasso,considerjoininganartclass.Aslearninganythingnewinagroup,you’llmeetlike-mindedpeopleandboostyourself-esteem.___16___Researchsuggeststhatithasapositiveeffectonbodyimage,especiallyforwomen.Speakaforeignlanguage.JustbackfromholidayandfeelingashamedofyourhaltingattemptstospeakSpanishtowaiters?___17___Learningaforeignlanguagecankeepyourbrainintrim.Therewasstillabenefitevenifyoutookupaforeigntonguelaterinlife.Takephotostofeelgood.Enrollingonacoursetotakebetterpicturescouldimproveyourmentalhealth.Takingaphotoadayandpostingitonlineisbeneficial.___18___Knowhowtoknit.It’ssociable,calmingandmighthelpyoutoavoidmildcognitiveimpairment.___19___Italsohelpdistractpeoplefromchronicpain,accordingtoKnitforPeace,aninitiativefromtheCharitiesAdvisoryTrust.___20___ResearchfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaRiversidefoundthatwhenolderpeoplelearnedseveralskillsatatime,theircognitiveabilitiesincreasedtothelevelofpeople30yearsyounger.A.It’snevertoolatetolearnanewskill.B.It’sevenbeenshowntolowerbloodpressure.C.Andthinkaboutlearningseveralnewthingsatonce.D.Inthatcase,youcatertoothersandbuildupyourstrength.E.Tryingyourhandatlifedrawingwillhelpyourmotorskills.F.Brushingupyourlanguageskillscouldbejustwhatyouneed.G.Actuallyithelpspeopletoconnectwithothers,andseetheworlddifferently.【答案】16E17.F18.G19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述新學(xué)期回到學(xué)校，著手學(xué)習(xí)一種新技能大有好處。因此建議讀者可以報(bào)名參加幾門課程，如繪畫，攝影，編織等?！?6題詳解】上文“Startwithart.(從藝術(shù)開始。)”建議讀者可以上一門藝術(shù)課。下文“Researchsuggeststhatithasapositiveeffectonbodyimage,especiallyforwomen.(研究表明，它對(duì)身體形象有積極影響，尤其是對(duì)女性。)”說明上文提到的某一件事，即代詞“它”指代的內(nèi)容能幫助提升身體形象。選項(xiàng)E“Tryingyourhandatlifedrawingwillhelpyourmotorskills.(試著畫人體素描會(huì)有助于你的運(yùn)動(dòng)技能。)”說明畫畫能提升運(yùn)動(dòng)技能，而運(yùn)動(dòng)技能的提升對(duì)提升身體形象無疑是有好處的，故該選項(xiàng)與上下文聯(lián)系緊密，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文“JustbackfromholidayandfeelingashamedofyourhaltingattemptstospeakSpanishtowaiters?(剛度假回來，還為自己結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地跟服務(wù)員說西班牙語而感到羞愧?)”指出一種情況：度假時(shí)因?yàn)椴粫?huì)說外語感到羞愧。下文“Learningaforeignlanguagecankeepyourbrainintrim.Therewasstillabenefitevenifyoutookupaforeigntonguelaterinlife.(學(xué)習(xí)一門外語可以讓你的大腦保持清醒。即使你在晚年學(xué)了一門外語，這也是有好處的。)”講述學(xué)習(xí)外語的好處，選項(xiàng)F“Brushingupyourlanguageskillscouldbejustwhatyouneed.(提高你的語言技能可能正是你需要的。)”說明提升語言技能很重要，該選項(xiàng)與上文聯(lián)系緊密，因?yàn)槎燃俨粫?huì)說外語尷尬使得得學(xué)習(xí)外語，提升語言技能很重要，并引出下文對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)外語的益處的解釋。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Enrollingonacoursetotakebetterpicturescouldimproveyourmentalhealth.Takingaphotoadayandpostingitonlineisbeneficial.(參加拍攝更好照片的課程可以改善你的心理健康。每天拍一張照片并在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布是有益的。)”說明讀者可以參加攝影課程，然后每天在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布照片，這一舉動(dòng)大有裨益。選項(xiàng)G“Actually,ithelpspeopletoconnectwithothers,andseetheworlddifferently.(事實(shí)上，它幫助人們與他人建立聯(lián)系，以不同的方式看待世界。)”承接上文繼續(xù)闡述網(wǎng)上發(fā)布照片的益處為：幫助人們與他人建立聯(lián)系，以不同的方式看待世界，故該選項(xiàng)與上文聯(lián)系緊密，符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Knowhowtoknit.It’ssociable,calmingandmighthelpyoutoavoidmildcognitiveimpairment.(知道如何編織。它具有社交性、鎮(zhèn)靜性，可以幫助你避免輕度認(rèn)知障礙。)”建議讀者學(xué)習(xí)編織，它有很多好處。下文“Italsohelpdistractpeoplefromchronicpain,accordingtoKnitforPeace,aninitiativefromtheCharitiesAdvisoryTrust.(根據(jù)慈善咨詢信托的倡議“KnitforPeace”，它也有助于分散人們對(duì)慢性疼痛的注意力。)”進(jìn)一步指出編織還有其他的好處。選項(xiàng)B“It’sevenbeenshowntolowerbloodpressure.(它甚至被證明可以降低血壓。)”也在提及編織的好處之一，故該選項(xiàng)與上下文聯(lián)系緊密，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】空處為段落標(biāo)題。下文“ResearchfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaRiversidefoundthatwhenolderpeoplelearnedseveralskillsatatime,theircognitiveabilitiesincreasedtothelevelofpeople30yearsyounger.(加州大學(xué)河濱分校的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老年人一次學(xué)習(xí)幾種技能時(shí)，他們的認(rèn)知能力會(huì)增加到年輕30歲的人的水平。)”說明同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)多種技能更好。選項(xiàng)C“Andthinkaboutlearningseveralnewthingsatonce.(考慮同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)幾種新的東西。)”建議讀者可以考慮同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)幾種新東西?？偨Y(jié)下文，為段落標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié);滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthewintersome30yearsago,Ilostmyjobasasubstituteteacher.Withthreelittlechildren___21___onme,Ihadtoworkinasawmillforjustabovetheminimum___22___.AsIgotreadytogotowork,I___23___band-aidsaroundmyfingersandputmoreinmypockets.Cuttingandstackinglumberforeighthoursadaywouldcausemy___24___tosplitandbleedattheirtipsinthecold,drywinterair.___25___still,wewereshort-handedonworkersandthemachineskept___26___.Wecouldseeourbreathaswe___27___hourschopping,stacking,carrying,andpackagingthehardwoodflooringtobeshippedout.“Whentheworkdayfinallyended,Itookoffmywork___28___andinspectedmyachingfingers.Thesplitswereworseandtheyhad___29___throughtheband-aidsagain.Istartedmycarandanddrovebackhome.Itriedto___30___asmileonmyfaceasIopenedmyfrontdoor.Mydaughterranuptome,yelled“Daddy!”,andputherlittlearmsaroundmyneck.I___31___herup,andallmyachesandpainsdisappearedintoher___32___.Inthatsecond,thejoyinmyheart___33___thesadnessaway.Weallhavebleedingfingersandband-aiddaysinourlives.Butwith___34___wecanmakeitthroughthemall.Afterall,workmaygiveusa___35___,butitislovethatgivesusalife.21.A.supporting B.feeding C.counting D.keeping22.A.strength B.time C.money D.wage23.A.protected B.wrapped C.circled D.turned24.A.fingers B.palms C.hands D.arms25.A.Worse B.Next C.Further D.More26.A.slowingdown B.comingdown C.breakingdown D.lyingdown27.A.spent B.passed C.took D.lost28.A.glasses B.clothes C.jeans D.gloves29.A.broke B.bled C.went D.hurt30.A.put B.hide C.stay D.offer31.A.caught B.cheered C.kept D.lifted32.A.voice B.heart C.hug D.smile33.A.struck B.drove C.stole D.left34.A.comfort B.love C.courage D.work35.A.family B.choice C.living D.chance【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.B34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了當(dāng)作者失業(yè)后在鋸木廠打工時(shí)，由于寒冬受到了很多生理和心理的折磨，但是當(dāng)他回家看到孩子們時(shí)，這一切的痛苦都煙消云散?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有三個(gè)小孩要養(yǎng)活，我不得不在一家鋸木廠工作，工資略高于最低工資。A.supporting支持；B.feeding喂養(yǎng)；C.counting包括，重要；D.keeping保持。根據(jù)“Ilostmyjobasasubstituteteacher.（我失去了代課老師的工作）”和“Ihadtoworkinasawmill.（我不得不去鋸木廠工作。）”可知，這里指三個(gè)孩子都指望著我，所以我失業(yè)后不得不去鋸木廠工作。counton：指望。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有三個(gè)小孩要養(yǎng)活，我不得不在一家鋸木廠工作，工資略高于最低工資。A.strength力量；B.time時(shí)間；C.money金錢；D.wage工資。根據(jù)“Withthreelittlechildrencountingonme（三個(gè)小孩還指望著我）”可知，“我”要掙錢養(yǎng)家糊口，minimumwage表示“最低工資”，這里指“我”的工資略高于最低工資。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我準(zhǔn)備去上班時(shí)，我把創(chuàng)可貼纏在手指上，又往口袋里放了更多。A.protected保護(hù)；B.wrapped包裹；C.circled環(huán)行；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎。根據(jù)“band-aids（創(chuàng)口貼）”可知，這里是指“我”把創(chuàng)口貼纏在了自己的手指上。wrapsth.aroundsth.表示“把……纏在……上”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天切割和堆放木材8個(gè)小時(shí)會(huì)讓我的手指在寒冷干燥的冬季空氣中裂開并流血。A.fingers手指；B.palms手掌；C.hands手；D.arms胳膊。根據(jù)“tosplitandbleedattheirtips（讓它們的尖端裂開流血）”和“inspectedmyachingfingers.（檢查我的疼痛的手指）”可知，這里指“我”的手指開裂流血。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟的是，我們?nèi)耸植蛔?，而且機(jī)器不停地出故障。A.Worse更壞的；B.Next下一個(gè)的；C.Further進(jìn)一步的；D.More更多的。根據(jù)“bleedattheirtipsinthecold,drywinterair（在寒冷干燥的冬季空氣中，手指尖流血）”“wewereshort-handedonworkers（我們?nèi)耸植蛔悖笨芍?，人手不足使情況變得更糟。worsestill：更糟的是。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語義辨析。句意：更糟的是，我們?nèi)耸植蛔?，機(jī)器不停地出故障。A.slowingdown減速；B.comingdown降低，落下；C.breakingdown出故障；D.lyingdown躺下。根據(jù)“wewereshort-handedonworkers（我們?nèi)耸植蛔悖焙蚥ut（表示并列）可知，but后面描述的也是糟糕的情況，即這些機(jī)器不斷出現(xiàn)故障。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間切割、堆疊、搬運(yùn)和包裝要運(yùn)出的硬木地板時(shí)，我們可以看到自己的呼吸。A.spent花費(fèi)；B.passed通過；C.took拿起；D.lost失去。根據(jù)“Wecouldseeourbreath.（我們能看見自己的呼吸。）”可知，人手不足及機(jī)器出現(xiàn)故障使我們花費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間從事工作，這體現(xiàn)了工作的艱難。spendtimedoingsth“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一天終于結(jié)束時(shí)，我摘下工作手套，檢查我疼痛的手指。A.glasses眼鏡；B.clothes衣服；C.jeans牛仔褲；D.gloves手套。根據(jù)“tookoff（脫下）”和“inspectedmyachingfingers.（檢查我的疼痛的手指）”并聯(lián)系作者在鋸木廠工作，不難推斷出這里是脫下手套。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：手指裂縫更嚴(yán)重了，它們又一次從創(chuàng)可貼流出了血。A.broke打破；B.bled流血；C.went去；D.hurt傷害。根據(jù)“causemyfingerstosplitandbleed（導(dǎo)致我的手指裂開和流血）”可知，這里表示“裂口更嚴(yán)重了、又流血了”，bled是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我打開前門時(shí)，我努力在臉上露出微笑。A.put放；B.hide躲藏；C.stay停留；D.offer提供。根據(jù)“Mydaughterranuptome,yelled“Daddy!”（我女兒跑到我身邊，大喊“爸爸!”）”可知，女兒上前迎接“我”，雖然“我”在鋸木廠工作很辛苦，但當(dāng)我回家后打開門，依然試圖面帶微笑。putasmileonmyface：面帶微笑。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把她抱起來，所有的疼痛都消失在她的擁抱中。A.caught抓住；B.cheered歡呼；C.kept保持；D.lifted舉起。根據(jù)“putherlittlearmsaroundmyneck（用她的小胳膊摟著我的脖子）”可知，“我”順勢(shì)把女兒抱起來。liftsb.up表示“把某人高高舉起”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把她抱起來，所有的疼痛都消失在她的擁抱中。A.voice嗓音；B.heart心臟；C.hug擁抱；D.smile微笑。根據(jù)“putherlittlearmsaroundmyneck（用她的小胳膊摟著我的脖子）”可知，她抱住了“我”，“我”心中的喜悅趕走了悲傷，感受到了親情的溫暖。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一秒中，我心中的喜悅驅(qū)走了悲傷。A.struck撞擊；B.drove駕駛，驅(qū)趕；C.stole偷；D.left離開。根據(jù)“allmyachesandpainsdisappearedintoherhug”可知，女兒的擁抱使“我”心中感到了喜悅，趕走了悲傷。drivesth.away“將……驅(qū)趕走”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但只要有愛，我們就能度過難關(guān)。A.comfort舒適；B.love愛；C.courage勇氣；D.work工作。根據(jù)“butitislovethatgivesusalife（愛可以讓我們度過難關(guān)。）”可知，工作雖然辛苦，但是愛可以讓我們度過難關(guān)，love是提示詞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢竟，工作讓我們謀生，但愛給了我們生活。A.family家庭；B.choice選擇；C.living生計(jì)，謀生；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)“Withthreelittlechildrencountingonme,Ihadtoworkinasawmill.（有三個(gè)小孩指望著我，我不得不在一家鋸木廠工作。）”可知，這里用living表示謀生，也就是指工作可以讓我們謀生，但愛給了我們生活的意義。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。About1,500yearsagoinChina,silkproductionwasastatesecret.Thesilktradewasso___36___(value)thatanyonewhotriedtotakesilkwormeggsormulberryseedsoutofChina___37___(put)todeath.However,in552AD,twomonkssmuggledsilkwormeggstoConstantinople,andthensilkproductionspreadworldwide.Asilkwormactuallyisn’tawormatall.It’s___38___typeofcaterpillarthatonce___39___(exist)inthewild,butnowitonlysurvivesindomesticatedform.Silkwormsarefussyeaters,___40___(dine)onlyonmulberryleaves.Whenasilkwormhashad___41___(it)fill,itspinsacocoonfromasinglestrand(縷)ofsilk,twotothreethousandfeetlong!Accordingtolegend,aChineseempressdiscoveredhowtoharvestsilkwhenacocoonfellintohertea.Shepluckeditfromtheteacupbythelooseendofthesilk,thenunraveledthewholecocoon.Toharvestsilk___42___(commercial),cocoonsarefirststeamedtokillthepupaeinside.That’sbecausethesilkwormwouldbreakthesilkifitbegantoemerge___43___amoth(蛾).Nextthecocoonissoakedinhotwater—ratherthantea—todissolvethestickycoatingthatbindsthesilk.Thenamachineunwindsthesinglestrand___44___makesupeachcocoon.Twistedtogether,thesestrandsmakethefinethread____45____(use)toweavesilkcloth.【答案】36.valuable37.wouldbe##was38.a39.existed40.dining41.its42.commercially43.as44.which##that45.used【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了蠶絲的產(chǎn)生過程?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：絲綢貿(mào)易價(jià)值巨大，任何試圖將蠶卵或桑葚種子帶出中國的人都會(huì)被處死。was后接形容詞valuable作表語。故填valuable。【37題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：絲綢貿(mào)易價(jià)值巨大，任何試圖將蠶卵或桑葚種子帶出中國的人都會(huì)被處死。主語anyone與謂語put為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述過去發(fā)生的事情，也可指，描述過去將要發(fā)生的事情，用過去將來時(shí)或者一般過去時(shí)。故填wouldbe/wasput?！?8題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這是一種曾經(jīng)存在于野外的毛毛蟲，但現(xiàn)在它只能以家養(yǎng)的形式生存。atypeof“一種”為固定短語。故填a?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這是一種曾經(jīng)存在于野外的毛毛蟲，但現(xiàn)在它只能以家養(yǎng)的形式生存。根據(jù)“once可知，為一般過去時(shí)”。故填existed。40題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：蠶是挑食動(dòng)物，只吃桑葉?？仗幪罘侵^語動(dòng)詞，Silkworms與dine在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填dining?！?1題詳解】考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)一只蠶吃飽了，它就會(huì)用一根兩到三千英尺長的絲來結(jié)繭。形容詞性物主代詞its修飾名詞。故填its。【42題詳解】考查副詞。句意：為了商業(yè)上收獲蠶絲，蠶繭首先被蒸熟以殺死里面的蛹。副詞commercially修飾動(dòng)詞。故填commercially。43題詳解】考查介詞。句意：。這是因?yàn)槿绻Q開始變成蛾子，它就會(huì)把絲弄壞。根據(jù)句意表示“作為”。故填as?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：然后，機(jī)器將組成每個(gè)繭的單絲解開。先行詞為“thesinglestrand”，作定語從句的主語，關(guān)系代詞為which/that。故填which/that?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：這些細(xì)線擰在一起，就成了用來織絲綢的細(xì)線。空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，thefinethread與use為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填used。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié);滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你校英文報(bào)正在開展“TheSportsILike”征文比賽。請(qǐng)用英語寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.喜愛的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)；2.喜愛的原因；3.運(yùn)動(dòng)的收獲。注意：詞數(shù)80左右；TheSportsILike________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheSportILikeWhenitcomestosports,Ilikebasketballbest.Itisaballgamebetweentwoteams,eachconsistingoffiveplayers.Itrequiresspeed,strength,talentaswellasskills.BasketballhasbeenanimportantpartinmylifeeversinceIwasintroducedtoita