03-選擇性必修第四冊Unit-1基礎練習(人教版2019)

2023年高考英語一輪復習講練測(人教版2019)選擇性必修第四冊Unit1基礎知識強化練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Wuhan__________(declare)temporaryoutbound(向外的)trafficrestrictions.2.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistent__________(base).3.Together,thesedeephuman__________(urge)countformuchmorethanambition.4.The__________(explode)hadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.5.__________(calculate)biologicalage,ProfessorLevineatYaleUniversityidentifiedninebiomarkers(生物標志)thatseemedtobethemostinfluentialonlifespanbyasimplebloodtest.

Ⅱ.完成句子1._____________________theonce-ruinedplacehasnowbeenturnedintoabeautifulschool,fulloflife.

真令人驚奇的是曾經(jīng)被毀壞的地方已經(jīng)變成了一所充滿生機的美麗的學校。2.Youwillbesurprisedtofindthattheywill_____________________.

你會吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn),它們更像是人類而不是機器。3.Believeitornot,you_____________________.

信不信由你,你一定會渴望得到這樣絕妙的家用機器人。III.語法填空Arobotusedforhousework1.___________(test)outinafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothhair,2.___________(speak)inadeepvoice.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobottoaccompany3.___________wifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthe4.___________(begin),butsheagreedtoitatlast.AtherfirstsightofTony,Clairewasalarmed.WhenTonyofferedtohelpherdressing,Clairefeltembarrassed.

5.___________(gradual),TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreamsbymakingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemake-upsheworeandgivingheradviceonherdresses.6.___________,atthepartyalltheguests7.___________wereinvitedwerefilledwith8.___________(admire)whentheysawherhousewas9.___________(complete)changed.Afterthetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreport10.___________hehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence.IV.閱讀理解ALevisonWoodisattheSteveBikoAcademicHospital(SBAH)where,in2018,theOfficeofHealthStandardsawardedtheinstitutionthehighesthonorforitsqualityofpatientcareandaccesstohealthcareprofessionals.AspartoftheUniversityofPretoria,SBAHisacenterforworld-classsurgeonsandresearchers—andwhereLevisonmeetsProfessorMashuduTshifularo.ProfessorTshifularowhohasperformedtheworld’sfirstmiddleeartransplant(移植)using3DprintedbonestellsLevison:“Thiswasnotanovernightbreakthrough—it’stheresultof10years’investinginresearchandstate-of-the-arthealth-tech.Investmentin3Dprintinghasmassivepotential—wehavemadehistoryhereinSouthAfrica—anditissettocontinue.”AccordingtoMcKinsey&Company,theestimated(估計的)economicimpactof3Dprintingis$100—$250billionby2025,iftoday’srateofadoptioncontinues.Withthemostpotentialinaerospace(航空航天),auto,consumergoodsandhealthcare,thetechnologiesaremakingaglobalimpact.MedTechDrivesaysthat3Dprintingwillbeacentralpartofallmajorhealthcarebusinesseswithinfivetotenyears.ProfessorTshifularoandhisteamhave3Dprintedinnerearbones.Theprocedurepresentssignificantlyfewerrisesthantraditionalsurgeryandisannouncedasananswertoconductivehearingloss.Andit’snottheprofessor’sonly“world-first”.“WhatIamdoinghere,nobodyelseisdoing,”ProfessorTshifularocontinues.“In2008,Iperformedtheworld’sfirstbloodlessendoscope-assistedtonsillectomy(扁桃體切除手術).Myteamincludesexpertsfromalldisciplines—includingjewelryfields.Theinternationalmedicalcommunitycertainlywillbenefitfromthisknowledgesharingandcreationintheirowncountry.Myresearchintofurtherinnovationisexciting.”1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphserveas?A.Abackground.B.Acontrast.C.Anexample. D.Acomment.2.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMashuduTshifularo?A.Selflessandconsiderate.B.Determinedandhumorous.C.Creativeanddevoted.D.Ambitiousandmodest.3.Whatcanbelearnedabout3Dprinting?A.ItbringsalargeprofittoSBAH.B.Itisplayingakeyroleinhealthcare.C.Itguaranteessafetyofeartransplants.D.Itwillbeusedinawiderangeoffields.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.3DPrintingIsChangingtheWorldB.3DPrintingMadeHistorybyTshifularoC.ABigBreakthrough—3DPrintedEarsD.AHistoricMeeting—LevisonandTshifularoBMomandIwereputtingthefinishingtouchesondinner,andmylittlenieceJessicacameintosetthetable.Insteadofgoingtothedishcabinet,shewentintothepantrywheretherewasastackofold,mismatcheddinnerplatesonthebottomshelf.Whenshehadsetallsixplates,shestoodbackandsighed,“Oh,Grandma,yourplatesaresobeautiful.Oursareallalike!”Wehadagoodlaughatherinnocentremark,butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasright.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.Theyreceivedahotlunchandacoldsnacktohavelaterintheevening.Thisisreallynotverymuchfood.EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo-gomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn’tgetenoughtoeat.Thiswasabouttenyearsbeforemicrowaveovensbecamecommon,soitwasimportantthatthefoodbeonaplatethatcouldbereheatedinaregularoven.Insteadofacoldsandwichandmacaronisalad,Mom’sclientsdinedonBeefManhattans,pan-friedchickenormeatloaf,alongwithveggiesandapieceofpieorcake.MomandDaddidthisevenafterMomleftherjob,andMomcontinuedafterDad’sdeathuntilallherformerclientshadeitherpassedawayormovedout.WhenIwascleaningourMom’shouseafterherdeath,Ikeptoneasasouvenir(紀念品).Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.5.Whydidtheauthorthinkthoseplatesbeautiful?A.Theywerenotallalike.B.TheywerelittleJessica’spride.C.Theywerecollectedfromdifferentplaces.D.Theyweresymbolsoftheparents’kindness.6.Whatdidtheauthor’smotherdotoearnalivinginthe1970s?A.Beahousewife.B.RunMealsonWheels.C.Deliverfoodtohouses.D.Dohouseworkfortheold.7.Whydidtheauthor’smothermaketo-gomeals?A.Itwasherjob.B.Shewasgoodatcooking.C.Shewantedtohelpbeyondherduty.D.Herfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlatesofSympathyB.APreciousSouvenirC.ServicesfortheSeniorD.AKind-heartedMotherV.七選五Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.1Solet’stryasimplethoughtexperiment.Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.

2Maybeyou’dpickupahobby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure.ButwhatifItoldyouthatyouwouldn’tdoanyofthosethings:Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore.

3Buttherearesimplereasonsforthis.

Bettertechnologymeanshigherexpectations—andhigherexpectationscreatemorework.Formostofhistory,humanswereforcedtosufferfromtheirowndirtyandunpleasantsubstances.Mostfamilies’clotheswerewashedtwiceayear.Thefleetofhouseworktechnologiesthatcameintotheworldsuddenlybetweenthelate-19thandmid-20thcenturycreatednewnorms(標準)ofcleanliness-forourfloors,ourclothes,ourselves.4Automaticwashersanddryersraisedourexpectationsforcleanclothesandencouragedpeopletogooutandbuynewshirtsandpants;housewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash,dry,andfold.

Inshort,technologymadeitmucheasiertocleanahouseto1890sstandards.5Theywantedamodernhome—withdustlesswindowsills(窗臺)andshinyfloors—andthisrequireda40-to-50-hourworkweek,evenwiththeassistanceofmoderntools.

A.Youarewastingyourtime.B.Thismightseemimpossible.C.Newnormsmeantmorework.D.Whatwouldyoudowiththeextratime?E.Thatmeansyoucanhavemoretimetorelax.F.Everybodyisbusy,burnedout,andoverloaded.G.Butbymid-century,Americansdidn’twantthatoldhouse.VI.書面表達假定你是李華,是校英語報記者。5月1日,你跟隨學校志愿隊去陽光敬老院(SunshineNursingHome)開展志愿活動(送水、打掃衛(wèi)生、聊天等)。作為校報記者,請按以下要求寫一篇新聞報道。內(nèi)容包括:1.介紹時間、地點、人物、活動;2.老人們的反應;3.簡要評論。注意:1.詞數(shù)80個左右;2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.標題已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。VolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderly______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案Ⅰ.1.Wuhandeclared(declare)temporaryoutbound(向外的)trafficrestrictions.2.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis(base).3.Together,thesedeephumanurges(urge)countformuchmorethanambition.4.Theexplosion(explode)hadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.5.Tocalculate(calculate)biologicalage,ProfessorLevineatYaleUniversityidentifiedninebiomarkers(生物標志)thatseemedtobethemostinfluentialonlifespanbyasimplebloodtest.

Ⅱ.1.It’sreallyamazingthattheonce-ruinedplacehasnowbeenturnedintoabeautifulschool,fulloflife.

2.Youwillbesurprisedtofindthattheywillbemorelikehumansthanmachines.

3.Believeitornot,youareboundtodesiresuchwonderfulhouseholdrobots.

III.Arobotusedforhousework1.wastested(test)outinafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothhair,2.speaking(speak)inadeepvoice.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobottoaccompany3.hiswifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthe4.beginning(begin),butsheagreedtoitatlast.AtherfirstsightofTony,Clairewasalarmed.WhenTonyofferedtohelpherdressing,Clairefeltembarrassed.

5.Gradually(gradual),TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreamsbymakingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemake-upsheworeandgivingheradviceonherdresses.6.Therefore,atthepartyalltheguests7.whowereinvitedwerefilledwith8.admiration(admire)whentheysawherhousewas9.completely(complete)changed.Afterthetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreport10.becausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence.IV.A【文章大意】文章講述了ProfessorTshifularo和他的團隊的舉世矚目的成就——利用3D打印的中耳骨成功進行了移植手術,以及3D打印技術的前景。1.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,Levison在SBAH會見ProfessorTshifularo,以及SBAH的一些情況,緊接著下文再具體介紹ProfessorTshifularo的成就,故可知第一段起到了背景介紹的作用。2.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“whohasperformedtheworld’sfirstmiddleeartransplantusing3Dprintedbones”,第四段中“Andit’snottheprofessor’sonly“world-first”和第五段中“WhatIamdoinghere,nobodyelseisdoing,”可知,ProfessorTshifularo利用3D打印技術打印的骨骼進行了中耳移植手術,做了其他人未做的事,創(chuàng)造了不止一個世界第一,故可知他富有創(chuàng)新精神;再結(jié)合第二段中“Thiswasnotanovernightbreakthrough—it’stheresultof10years’investinginresearchandstate-of-the-arthealth-tech”可知ProfessorTshifularo熱衷于自己的研究。故選C。3.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Withthemostpotentialinaerospace,auto,consumergoodsandhealthcare,thetechnologiesaremakingaglobalimpact.MedTechDrivesaysthat3Dprintingwillbeacentralpartofallmajorhealthcarebusinesseswithinfivetotenyears.”可知,3D打印技術還可以應用到航空航天、汽車、消費品和醫(yī)療保健等領域,即3D技術會在很多領域有廣泛應用。4.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章講述了ProfessorTshifularo和他的團隊的舉世矚目的成就——利用3D打印的中耳骨成功進行了移植手術,以及3D打印技術的前景,因此B項為最佳標題。B【文章大意】本文屬于記敘文。作者由家中的舊盤子回憶到母親曾經(jīng)的無私助人。這些盤子對于作者來說意義特殊,它們提醒著作者要為人慷慨、關心鄰居。5.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。第二段提到“butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasright.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.”以及最后一段提到“Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforone’sneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.”說明這個盤子蘊含著特殊的意義,由此可知,作者認為那些盤子很漂亮是因為它們是父母慷慨和善良的象征。6.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.”可知,作者的母親是一名管家,她是靠為老年人做家務來謀生的,故選D。7.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo-gomealsonthesemismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidn’tgetenoughtoeat.”可知,母親做便當是帶給那些吃不飽的人,雖然這超出了她的職責所在,但是她仍想幫助那些吃不飽飯的人,故選C。8.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。本文由作者的侄女夸獎母親的盤子漂亮開始敘述這些盤子的用途和其背后的故事。雖然這些盤子很陳舊,很不匹配,但是作者認為它們很漂亮,這是由于這些盤子背后那些感人的故事賦予了這些盤子特殊的意義,這些盤子代表了作者的父母對鄰居的慷慨和關心,為后輩做出了榜樣。盤子的線索貫穿始終,故選A。V.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。不像我們想象的那樣,科技的發(fā)展并沒有給我們帶來更多休閑時間。1.【解析】選F。由空前句“nobodyhasanytime”可知,現(xiàn)代人忙忙碌碌,沒有空閑時間。所以此空應該為語義銜接,故選F。2.【解析】選