專題06 閱讀回答問題題型【考題猜想】-九年級英語上學(xué)期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（北師大版）（解析版）

2024-2025學(xué)年九年級上期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（北師大版）專題06閱讀回答問題題型（解析版）A閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。TimecapsulesAtimecapsuleisacontainer(容器)thatholdsrecordsorobjectstoshowtoday’sculture.Makingafamilytimecapsulecanbeawonderfulchancetopresenteveryone’sinterests,recordhopesforthefuture,andsendyourfutureselvesanexcitingtreasuretoseewhatyouhavesaved!Here’severythingyouneedtoknowtomakeatimecapsuleforyourkids.Thefirststepistodecidewhenyou’regoingtoopenit.Thisgoaldatewillinformmanypartsoftheprocess,includingwhatyouputinandwhereyouhideit.Forlittlekids,adatetoofarinthefuturewon’tsoundfun,soIsuggestayearortwoasastartingpoint.Olderkidsmaywanttoopenitwhentheygraduatefromhighschoolorachieveotherimportantgoals.Onceyou’vechosenadate,it’stimetostartcollectingitems(物品)!Findormakeitemssymbolizingimportantpartsoftheirlives.IfyourdaughteristhefamilySudoku(數(shù)獨(dú))champion,haveherincludeapartiallycompletedpuzzletoseeifherfutureselfcansolvetherest!Themostimportantpartofthisstepisthateveryonechoosesitemswithpersonalmeanings.Whenyouopenthetimecapsuleinthefuture,thememorieswillcomefloodingback,andeveryonewillhavefunrecallingeachobject’simportance.Atimecapsuleisn’tcompletewithoutafewitemsthatshowthe“presenttimes”.Anewspaperpagewithafunnystoryfromthisweekisanexcellentaddition.Alettertoyourfutureselfisanoftenoverlooked(忽略)butmemorablepartofatimecapsule.Onceyou’vecollectedeverythingforthetimecapsule,it’stimetodecidewhereyou’llhideit.Ifyouplantohideitindoors,you’llneedtochooseaplacethatisn’teasilyfound—youdon’twanttotempt(誘惑)thosesmallhands!Foranoutdoorplace,choosesomewherethatwon’tgetcoveredbylargetreesorwallsinthecomingyears.Youcanchooseyourbestcontaineraccordingtoitshidingplaceandthenumberofchosenitems.Usingashoeboxorothercardboardmaterialisaneasychoiceforaninsidelocation.Ifyouwanttohideitoutdoors,stainlesssteel(不銹鋼)isanexcellentchoice.Thelaststepistohidethetimecapsule!Whetheryou’rehidingitoutsideorplacingitonashelfinthegarage,makesuretonotewhereit’shidden.Future-youwillbethankfulfortheclues!Makingatimecapsuleisagreatwaytoencourageyourkidstobecreative,sograbeveryoneandgetstartedtoday!1．Whatisatimecapsule?2．Whatisthemostimportantpartofcollectingitems?3．Howcanyouchoosethebestcontainerforatimecapsule?4．Ifyouareaskedtomakeatimecapsuleandputonlyoneiteminside,whatdoyouwanttoputandwhendoyouwanttoopenit?Why?(Pleaseanswereachquestionwithadifferentreason.)【答案】1．Atimecapsuleisacontainerthatholdsrecordsorobjectstoshowtoday’sculture.2．Themostimportantpartofcollectingitemsisthateveryonechoosesitemswithpersonalmeanings.3．Icanchoosethebestcontaineraccordingtothetimecapsule’shidingplaceandthenumberofchosenitems.4．Iwanttoputmyfavoritenovelandalettertomyfutureselfinthetimecapsule,becausetheyaremeaningfulforme.IwanttoopenthetimecapsulewhenIgraduatefromhighschool,becauseIwanttoknowifIachievemygoal.【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了如何制作時(shí)間膠囊。1．根據(jù)第一段“Atimecapsuleisacontainer(容器)thatholdsrecordsorobjectstoshowtoday’sculture.”可知，時(shí)間膠囊是一個(gè)保存記錄或物品以展示當(dāng)今文化的容器。故填A(yù)timecapsuleisacontainerthatholdsrecordsorobjectstoshowtoday’sculture.2．根據(jù)第三段“Themostimportantpartofthisstepisthateveryonechoosesitemswithpersonalmeanings.”可知，收集物品最重要的一點(diǎn)是，每個(gè)人都選擇有個(gè)人意義的物品。故填Themostimportantpartofcollectingitemsisthateveryonechoosesitemswithpersonalmeanings.3．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Youcanchooseyourbestcontaineraccordingtoitshidingplaceandthenumberofchosenitems.”可知，可以根據(jù)時(shí)間膠囊的隱藏位置和所選物品的數(shù)量來選擇最佳容器。故填I(lǐng)canchoosethebestcontaineraccordingtothetimecapsule’shidingplaceandthenumberofchosenitems.4．開放性作答，結(jié)合實(shí)際，言之有理即可。參考答案為Iwanttoputmyfavoritenovelandalettertomyfutureselfinthetimecapsule,becausetheyaremeaningfulforme.IwanttoopenthetimecapsulewhenIgraduatefromhighschool,becauseIwanttoknowifIachievemygoal.B閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文回答問題。ChineseFancyKnotChinesefancyknots,alsocalledChineseknots,refertothetraditionaldecorativeknotsinChineseculture.TheybeganasaformoftraditionalartintheTangandSongDynastiesinChina.AndtheybecamepopularintheMingDynasty.Longago,theyfoundtheirwaytoJapanandotherSoutheastAsiancountries,andwerewellreceived.ChineseFancyKnotsthere.NowtheyaretakenasoneofthemostclassicsymbolsofChineseculture.Asforthenameitself,itissurelymeaningful.TheChinesewordfor“knot”,jie,means“connection”.Itisrelatedtolotsofculturalideas—marriage,brotherhood,reunion,etc.ThepronunciationoftheChinesewordjieisveryclosetothatofji,“goodluck”.Asaresult,Chineseknotsperfectlyexpresspeople’sstrongwishesforgoodthingslikejoy,loveandgoodluck.Besides,theknots,widelyexistingintheeverydaylifeoftheChineseculture,comeindifferentsizes.Smallonesareconnectedtojewelry(珠寶),clothes,gift—packagesandfurnitureinordertoattractpeople’sattention,whilelargeonesareusedtodecoratealivingroomorstudy.Whetherlargeorsmall,thereareoveradozenbasicknotpatterns(圖案)namedaccordingtotheirshapes,usagesororigins.Forexample,DoubleCoinKnotsarecalledshuangqianJiebecausetheyareintheshapeoftwoancientChinesecoins,meaning“goodthingscomeinpairs”.However,almostallthemainstylesofChinesefancyknotsaremadeupoftwoexactlysimilarparts,andthepatternsonthefrontandthebacksidesarealsosimilarineverydetail.Inaddition,Chineseknotsarefamousfortheirbrightcolours.EachoftheChineseknotsismadeofasinglestringofcotton,silk,goldorsilver.Butthecoloursofthestringsarerichandhavedifferenttraditionalculturalmeanings.Amongthemostcommonlyusedbasecolours,redmeansgoodluckandhappiness,greenmeanshealth,andyellow,whichwasonceknownasaemperor’scolour,maymeanswealthandhonour.Inbrief,thefamousChinesefancyknotsfullyreflect(反映)thedepthofChineseculture.Thesebrightlycolouredknotsofdifferentpatterns,withtheirendlesschainsofknots,meanthatlifeonearthwillcontinueforever.5．WhendidChinesefancyknotsbecomepopular?6．WhatdoestheChinesecharacterfor“knot”mean?7．WhydopeopleexpressstrongwisheswithChineseknots?8．WouldyouliketomakeChinesefancyknots?Whyorwhynot?(Giveatleast2reasons)【答案】5．TheybecamepopularintheMingDynasty.6．Itmeans“connection”andisrelatedtomanyculturalideaslikemarriage,brotherhoodandreunion.7．BecausethepronunciationoftheChinesewordjieisveryclosetothatofji,whichmeansgoodluck,soChineseknotscanexpresspeople’sstrongwishesforgoodthings.8．Yes,IwouldliketomakeChinesefancyknots.Becausetheyareverybeautifulandcandecorateourlife.Also,makingChinesefancyknotsisagoodwaytoexperiencetraditionalChineseculture.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國結(jié)的起源、發(fā)展、名稱含義、圖案特點(diǎn)、顏色寓意等方面，闡述了中國結(jié)作為中國傳統(tǒng)文化經(jīng)典象征之一，充分體現(xiàn)了中國文化的深厚內(nèi)涵。5．根據(jù)“AndtheybecamepopularintheMingDynasty.”可知，中國結(jié)在明朝變得流行，故填TheybecamepopularintheMingDynasty.6．根據(jù)“TheChinesewordfor‘knot’,jie,means‘connection’.Itisrelatedtolotsofculturalideas—marriage,brotherhood,reunion,etc.”可知，“結(jié)”字的中文意思是“連接”，它與許多文化觀念有關(guān)，如婚姻、兄弟情誼、團(tuán)聚等，故填I(lǐng)tmeans“connection”andisrelatedtomanyculturalideaslikemarriage,brotherhoodandreunion.7．根據(jù)“ThepronunciationoftheChinesewordjieisveryclosetothatofji,‘goodluck’.Asaresult,Chineseknotsperfectlyexpresspeople’sstrongwishesforgoodthingslikejoy,loveandgoodluck.”可知，因?yàn)椤敖Y(jié)”的中文發(fā)音與“吉（好運(yùn)）”非常接近，所以中國結(jié)完美地表達(dá)了人們對美好事物如歡樂、愛情和好運(yùn)的強(qiáng)烈愿望，故填BecausethepronunciationoftheChinesewordjieisveryclosetothatofji,whichmeansgoodluck,soChineseknotscanexpresspeople’sstrongwishesforgoodthings.8．這是一個(gè)開放性問題，言之有理即可。例如：我想制作中國結(jié)。因?yàn)樗鼈兒芷?，可以裝飾我們的生活。而且，制作中國結(jié)是體驗(yàn)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的好方式。故填Yes,IwouldliketomakeChinesefancyknots.Becausetheyareverybeautifulandcandecorateourlife.Also,makingChinesefancyknotsisagoodwaytoexperiencetraditionalChineseculture.C閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Visa-FreeTransitPolicy(過境免簽政策)IncreasesTourists’ArrivalsThenumberofforeignvisitorstoChinahassharplyincreasedoverthepast

months.TheChinesegovernment’s144-hourvisa-freetransitpolicyprovestobeasmartmove.Thepurposeofthispolicyistoopenupthecountrytotheoutsideworld.Ithasnotonlyincreasedoverseastourists’arrivalsinChinabutalsogivenforeignersawonderfulopportunitytoexperiencethecountry’srichcultureandhistory.Accordingtothe144-hourvisa-freetransitpolicy,ifyouareanationalofanyofthe54designated(指定的)countries,youcanstopbyChinaonyourwaytoanothercountry.Aforeignercanstayinthecountryforsixdaysatmostwithoutavisa.ThepolicycoversmajorChinesecitiessuchasBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,andChengdu,makingiteasierfortouriststoexplorethe“can’tmiss”touristspotsalongtheway.Afterlandingatanyofthe37designatedports(口岸),youcansimplygotothevisa-freetransitcounterandapplyforthe144-hourvisa-freetransit.Itdefinitelysavestimeandevenmoney.Surprisingly,duetothenewpolicy,truestoriesaboutChinaarespreadthroughtravelers’postingsonsocialmediaplatforms,includingFacebook,Bilibili,andDouyin.Thesetravelers’personalstorieshavepaintedacolorfulpictureoftherealChina,whichcanbeconsideredoneofthegreatestachievementsofthepolicy.TravelershavepraisedChinesepeople’skindness,traditionalChineseculture,andthemoderninfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).Thesestorieshaveattractedaudiencesworldwide.AssomeonewithaChinesefamilyandwhohaslivedinChinafor25years,IfeelproudwhenIseeourforeignfriendssharingtherealstoryaboutChina.China’svisa-freetransitpolicyisasmartmoveininternationalrelationsandacreativeandtraveler-friendlywayofpromotingtourism,aswellasencouragingpeople-to-peopleexchangesandimprovingunderstanding.Whetherit’sexploringancienttemples,countrysidefarmsorvillages,orenjoyingworld-classshoppingindream-likemalls,visitorsleaveChinawithadeeperappreciationofthecountry’scontributionstotheglobalcommunity.Itseemslikeawin-windealfromwhichboththeChineseandtheinternationaltravelersbenefit.9．Whatisthepurposeofthevisa-freetransitpolicy?10．Accordingtothepolicy,howlongcanaforeignerstayinChinaatmostwithoutavisa?11．WhathaspaintedacolorfulpictureoftherealChina?12．Whodoyouthinkbenefitsfromthevisa-freetransitpolicy?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)【答案】9．Thepurposeofthispolicyistoopenupthecountrytotheoutsideworld.10．AforeignercanstayinChinaforsixdaysatmostwithoutavisa.11．Thesetravelers’personalstorieshavepaintedacolorfulpictureoftherealChina.12．Ithinktheinternationaltravelersbenefitfromthevisa-freetransitpolicy,becausetheycansavetimeandalotofmoneytovisitChina.【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國政府的144小時(shí)過境免簽政策的目的及影響。9．根據(jù)“TheChinesegovernment’s144-hourvisa-freetransitpolicyprovestobeasmartmove.Thepurposeofthispolicyistoopenupthecountrytotheoutsideworld.”可知，中國政府的144小時(shí)過境免簽政策的目的是要讓國家對外開放。故填Thepurposeofthispolicyistoopenupthecountrytotheoutsideworld.10．根據(jù)“Accordingtothe144-hourvisa-freetransitpolicy,ifyouareanationalofanyofthe54designated(指定的)countries,youcanstopbyChinaonyourwaytoanothercountry.Aforeignercanstayinthecountryforsixdaysatmostwithoutavisa.”可知，如果你是54個(gè)指定國家中任意一個(gè)國家的公民，你可以在前往其他國家的途中經(jīng)停中國，無需簽證最多可在中國停留六天。故填A(yù)foreignercanstayinChinaforsixdaysatmostwithoutavisa.11．根據(jù)“Thesetravelers’personalstorieshavepaintedacolorfulpictureoftherealChina,whichcanbeconsideredoneofthegreatestachievementsofthepolicy.”可知，關(guān)于中國的真實(shí)故事通過旅行者在臉書、嗶哩嗶哩和抖音等社交媒體平臺上發(fā)帖傳播，這些旅行者的個(gè)人故事描繪了一幅真實(shí)的中國的多彩畫卷。故填Thesetravelers’personalstorieshavepaintedacolorfulpictureoftherealChina.12．開放性作答，言之有理即可。參考答案為Ithinktheinternationaltravelersbenefitfromthevisa-freetransitpolicy,becausetheycansavetimeandalotofmoneytovisitChina.DWhenChatGPTcameout,OliviaLipkin,acopywriter(文案寫手)inSanFrancisco,didn’tthinktoomuchaboutit.Overthenextfewmonths,however,shefoundherselfwithlessandlessworktodo.InApril,Lipkinwasfiredwithnoexplanation.SherealizedwhyshelostherjobwhensheheardmanagerstalkingabouthowusingChatGPTwascheaperthanhiring(雇用)ahumanwriter.Lipkinwasnotalone.EricFein,a34-year-oldmanintheU.S.stateofIllinois,ranawritingbusinessfortenyears.HebecamejoblessthisMarch.AllhiscustomerstoldhimtheynolongerneededhisservicesbecausetheywereturningtoChatGPT.Feinaskedhiscustomerstoreconsider.HewarnedthemthatChatGPTcouldn’twritewithhislevelofcreativity.Hiscustomerssaidtheyunderstood,butitwasfarcheapertousethechatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)thantopayhimFein’sbusinesswasgonealmostovernight.Economists(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家)predictthatAIsystemslikeChatGPTcouldreplacehundredsofmillionsofjobsinthefuture.Butforthosewhowritesocialmediapostsandads,theeffectisalreadyhere.However,expertssaythateventhebestAIsystemscan’twriteaswellashumans.Itdoesn’thaveapersonalvoiceorstyle.Besides,itoftengivesthewronganswers.Butformanycompanies,thecostsavingsareworththedropinquality.Infact,companiesthathavereplacedhumanworkerswithchatbotshaverunintotrouble.CNET,atechnologynewssitecompany,onceusedAIsystemstowritearticles.Theresults,however,werefullofmistakes.Theyrequiredalotofcorrections.AndtheU.S.NationalEatingDisordersAssociationCompanyoncereplaceditshelpline(求助熱線)staffwithchatbots.Butithadtostopusingchatbotsbecauseitgavepeopleharmfuladvice.AfterbeingreplacedbyChatGPT,FeinandLipkinmadethesamechoice.FeindecidedtodoanewjobthatAIcan’tdo.Heisnowanair-conditioningtechnician(空調(diào)技術(shù)人員)aftertraining.AndLipkinwantedtoworkasadogwalker.“I’mtakingacompletebreakfromtheofficeworld.”Shesays.Butshedoesn’tworknow.13．WhenwasLipkinfiredwithnoexplanation?14．HowlongdidEricFeinrunawritingbusiness?15．WhydidtheU.S.NationalEatingDisordersAssociationCompanyhavetostopusingthechatbots?16．WhatdoyouthinkofChatGPT?Whydoyouthinkso?(Pleaselistatleast2reasons.)【答案】13．LipkinwasfiredinApril.14．Fortenyears.15．Becauseitgavepeopleharmfuladvice.16．ChatGPThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ontheonehand,itcanbecost-effectiveforcompanies,asitreducestheneedforhumanwriters,whichcansavemoney.Ontheotherhand,itlackspersonalcreativityandoftenprovidesincorrectinformation.【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了人工智能系統(tǒng)如ChatGPT對文案寫作行業(yè)的影響，導(dǎo)致一些文案寫手失去工作，并探討了AI系統(tǒng)在寫作質(zhì)量和成本之間的權(quán)衡，以及一些公司在使用AI替代人力后遇到的問題。13．根據(jù)“InApril,Lipkinwasfiredwithnoexplanation.”可知，Lipkin是在四月份被解雇的。故填LipkinwasfiredinApril.14．根據(jù)“EricFein,a34-year-oldmanintheU.S.stateofIllinois,ranawritingbusinessfortenyears.”可知，EricFein經(jīng)營寫作業(yè)務(wù)十年。故填Fortenyears.15．根據(jù)“AndtheU.S.NationalEatingDisordersAssociationCompanyoncereplaceditshelpline(求助熱線)staffwithchatbots.Butithadtostopusingchatbotsbecauseitgavepeopleharmfuladvice.”可知，美國國家飲食失調(diào)協(xié)會公司停止使用聊天機(jī)器人是因?yàn)樗o人們提供了有害的建議。故填Becauseitgavepeopleharmfuladvice.16．開放性作答，言之有理即可。參考答案為ChatGPThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ontheonehand,itcanbecost-effectiveforcompanies,asitreducestheneedforhumanwriters,whichcansavemoney.Ontheotherhand,itlackspersonalcreativityandoftenprovidesincorrectinformation.E閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Chang’an,ananimatedmoviebasedontheTangDynasty(618-907),bringstolifesomeofthemosticonicfiguresinChineseliteraryhistory.FeaturingfamouspoetssuchasLiBaiandDuFu,themoviefollowstheinterweavingpathsofLibai,GaoShi,WangChangling,ZhangXu,LiGuinian,andPrincessYuzhen.Witharuntimeof168minutes,itisthelongestofanyChineseanimatedmovie,andhasgarneredan8.2outof10ratingonDouban.ThemovieisfaithfultotheTangDynasty’sartisticstyle,andemploysanunconventionalperspective(非傳統(tǒng)視角)totellthestory.ItbeginswithGaoShi’srecollectionsofLiBai,andchroniclesthechangesofLi’slife,aswellasthetransitionoftheTangDynastyfrompeaktoturmoil(混亂).Additionally,itcapturesthenatureoftheTangDynastybyshowcasingthebustlingstreetsofancientChang’anandthevibrantandprosperouscityofYangzhou,aswellastheharshandsnowyborderlandsinNorthwestChina.InordertoaccuratelyexpresstheTangpoetryandbettertranslatetheculturalcontextembeddedinthedialogue,theproductionteaminvitedLindaJaivin,anAustralianSinologist(漢學(xué)家),toassistwiththetranslationprocess.Additionally,thecreatorstravelledtomajorhistoricalsitesdepictedinthemovie,tohelpthemunderstandthehelplessnessandpainthatthecharactersfacedwhenfacedwithformidableforces.Themoviefeaturesatotalof48poems,andQiangJinJiu(InvitationtoWine),oneofLiBai’smasterpieces,isthecenterpieceofthemostvisuallyamazingscene.Theanimationproductionforthispoemalonetooktwoyears,andtheoverallproductionofthefilmspannedthreeyears.Chang’anmarksthelatesteffortofLightChaserAnimationStudios,andisthefirstinstallment(作品)oftheirnewfranchise(系列),NewCulture.Throughthiswork,theyhopetoreinterpret(重新解釋)historicalfiguresandclassicworksthroughthemediumofanimation,andtoattractmoreforeignaudiencetoappreciateChinesepoetssuchasLiBaiandDuFu.17．Howlongisthemovie?18．Howdidtheproductionteamensurethebettertranslationofthepoetryandculturalcontext?19．WhatisthegoaloftheNewCulturefranchisementionedinthepassage?20．Doyouwanttowatchthismovie?Why?(Atleasttworeasons)【答案】17．Itis168minutes.18．TheproductionteaminvitedLindaJaivin,anAustralianSinologist,toassistwiththetranslationprocess.19．Toreinterprethistoricalfiguresandclassicworksthroughthemediumofanimation,andtoattractmoreforeignaudiencetoappreciateChinesepoetssuchasLiBaiandDuFu.20．開放性題目，言之有理即可。Yes,Ido.BecauseIcannotonlylearnalotofpoemsfromitbutalsolearnmoreaboutChinesecultureandhistory.【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了《長安三萬里》這部動畫電影的相關(guān)信息。17．根據(jù)“Witharuntimeof168minutes,itisthelongestofanyChineseanimatedmovie”可知，它的時(shí)長為168分鐘，是中國動畫電影中最長的，故填I(lǐng)tis168minutes.18．根據(jù)“InordertoaccuratelyexpresstheTangpoetryandbettertranslatetheculturalcontextembeddedinthedialogue,theproductionteaminvitedLindaJaivin,anAustralianSinologist(漢學(xué)家),toassistwiththetranslationprocess.”可知，為了準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)唐詩，更好地翻譯對話中蘊(yùn)含的文化語境，制作團(tuán)隊(duì)邀請了澳大利亞漢學(xué)家LindaJaivin協(xié)助翻譯過程。故填TheproductionteaminvitedLindaJaivin,anAustralianSinologist,toassistwiththetranslationprocess.19．根據(jù)“Throughthiswork,theyhopetoreinterpret(重新解釋)historicalfiguresandclassicworksthroughthemediumofanimation,andtoattractmoreforeignaudiencetoappreciateChinesepoetssuchasLiBaiandDuFu.”可知，通過這部作品，他們希望通過動畫媒介重新詮釋歷史人物和經(jīng)典作品，并吸引更多的外國觀眾欣賞李白和杜甫等中國詩人。故填Toreinterprethistoricalfiguresandclassicworksthroughthemediumofanimation,andtoattractmoreforeignaudiencetoappreciateChinesepoetssuchasLiBaiandDuFu.20．開放性題目，言之有理即可。故填Yes,Ido.BecauseIcannotonlylearnalotofpoemsfromitbutalsolearnmoreaboutChinesecultureandhistory.F閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Ifyou’vestruggled(奮力)tosaveupyourpocketmoneyorfoundithardnottoeatawholepacketofsweetsinonego,you’llunderstandthepowerofself-control.Whatdoesself-controlmean?Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansgivingupshort-termrewardsforlong-termones.Thiscouldbegoingwithoutthingsyouwanttobuynowtosaveupforafuturetreat,orwalkingawayfromanargumentincaseyousaysomethinghurtful.PsychologistRoyBaumeister(anexpertinthoughtsandfeelings)sayswillpowerisatypeofenergy.Itcanbelowwhenpeoplearetired,hungryorstressed.However,therearewaystotopitup.SuperpowerenergySelf-controlisasuperpowerthatcanhelpyouachieveyourgoals.Doingmusicpracticeeverydaymeansyougetbetteratplayinganinstrument.Gettingupearlyforsportstrainingwillimproveyourskillsandhelpyourteam.Willpowerhelpsbuildhealthyhabits,likestayingawayfromscreensbeforebedsoyougetbettersleep.Itcanalsohelpyoutomanageemotionsandgivesyouthepowertomakegooddecisions.Therearelotsofstudiesthatshowgoodself-controlcanhelpmakeushappierandhealthier.Howtoimproveyourself-control“Itdoesn’talwaysfeellikeit,butweallhavewillpower,”saysscientistErieSchulze.Heexplainsthatit’slikeamuscle(肌肉)becausethemoreyouuseit,thestrongeritbecomes.Thebestwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.Tryfocusingonsmallgoalssoyoudon’tuseupallyourenergyinonego.“Asthedaygoeson,thatwillpowermusclebecomessmallerandit’shardertoresisttemptation(拒絕誘惑),”Schulzesays.Whenthishappenshesuggestsexercisingasthishelpsyoureducestressandgivesenergytothebrain.Dosomethingthatmakesyoulaugh,saysSchulze,as“agoodmoodcanoverpoweraweakwill”.21．Whatdoesself-controlmean?22．Whendopeoplehavelowwillpower?23．Whatisthebestwaytostrengthenself-control?24．Isyourself-controlhighorlow?Giveatleasttwoexamples.【答案】21．Self-controlmeansgivingupshort-termrewardsforlong-termones.22．Thewillpowercanbelowwhenpeoplearetired,hungryorstressed./Whentheyaretiredhungryorstressed./Itcanbelowwhenpeoplearetired,hungryorstressed.23．Thebestwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.24．High.Forexample,Ikeeprunningeverymorning.AndIcanalwaysresistthetemptationofjunkfood.（答案不唯一）【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了自我控制（意志力）的重要性及其對個(gè)人目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)的幫助，并提供了提高自我控制的方法。21．根據(jù)文中“self-controlmeansgivingupshort-termrewardsforlong-termones”可知，自我控制是指放棄短期獎勵(lì)以獲得長期獎勵(lì)。故填Self-controlmeansgivingupshort-termrewardsforlong-termones.22．根據(jù)文中“PsychologistRoyBaumeister(anexpertinthoughtsandfeelings)sayswillpowerisatypeofenergy.Itcanbelowwhenpeoplearetired,hungryorstressed”可知，當(dāng)人們感到疲倦、饑餓或壓力大時(shí)，意志力會很低。故填Thewillpowercanbelowwhenpeoplearetired,hungryorstressed./Whentheyaretiredhungryorstressed./Itcanbelowwhenpeoplearetired,hungryorstressed.23．根據(jù)文中“Thebestwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood”可知，加強(qiáng)自我控制的最佳方法是充足的睡眠和健康的飲食。故填Thebestwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.24．開放性問題，答案合理即可，參考答案High.Forexample,Ikeeprunningeverymorning.AndIcanalwaysresistthetemptationofjunkfood.G閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。StudentsExploreMarsHumanbeingshavebeencuriousaboutMarssincetheplanetwasfirstdiscovered.Formanyyears,scientistshavebeenworkingtowardwaystobestexploretheredplanet.AgroupofseniorstudentsfromBeijinghaveshowngreatinterestinMarsandstartedaprojecttoexploreit.WangTaozhi,17,theleadingfigureinthisproject,putforwardaplantodevelopasystemthatisexpectedtouseAItostudypicturesofcommonminerals(礦物)onMars.Itisalsohopedtoclassify(分類)theseminerals.“Thechallengeistomasterknowledgeaboutcomputercoding,AIandalgorithmsandhowtoputthisknowledgeintopractice.Wefailedmanytimesbutwefinallysucceeded,”saidWang.WhenWangTaozhiwasinJunior1.helearnedbasicknowledgeofC++,aprogramminglanguage,inacomputertechnologycourse.Hewasinterestedinprogrammingandspenthoursadaystudyingit.WangthenjoinedtheMakerSpaceofhisschool,aplatformthatencouragesstudentstocreatesomethingnewwiththehelpofmoderntechnology.IntheMakerSpace,helearnedmoreaboutroboticsandcoding,developingasoftwarewhichhelpedteachersinclass.Wangalsolearnednecessaryinformationthroughothermeansinhissparetime,includingtrustworthyjournalsandevenonlinevideos.“Ireadpapersonminerals,”Wangsaid.“Also,IgainedAIbasicsthroughsomevideosonBilibili.”Tosuccessfullyfinishtheproject,goodteamworkisimportant.WangTaozhiandhisteammatesYouZhibinandZhangBeininghadahardtimearrangingtheirmeetingssincetheyhaddifferentclasstimetablesandstudyplans.Toovercomethischallenge,theycarriedoutdifferenttasksbasedoneachperson’sstrengths,setadeadlineandsetupregularmeetings.It’shardtobalanceone’sstudiesandpersonalinterests,buttheyhavefoundawaytodoit.“Finishingtheprojectwasnoteasy,butitwasanopportunitytohelpstudentsbecomeactivelyengagedstudentswillingtosolveproblemsinsteadofjustbeingpassivelearners,”saidLiNing,thementorofthisproject.“Inthebeginning,Iborrowedothers’ideas