2021高考英語(yǔ)天津市(三月)閱讀、完形填空自練(2)答案

2021高考英語(yǔ)天津市（三月）閱讀、完形填空自練（2）答案閱讀理解(2022·鷹潭市高三其次次模擬考試)Therearemanyolderpeopleintheworldandtherewillbemanymore.Alime-knownfactisthatover60percentoftheolderpeopleliveindevelopingcountries.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization，by2022therewillbe1billion，withover700millionlivingindevelopingcountries.Itisasurprisingfactthatthepopulationageingisparticularlyrapidindevelopingcountries.Forexample，ittookFrance115yearsfortheproportionofolderpeopletodoublefrom7percentto14percent.ItisestimatedtotakeChinaamere27yearstoachievethissameincrease.Whataretheimplicationsoftheseincreasednumbersofolderfolk？Oneofthebiggestworriesforgovernmentsisthatthelongerpeoplelive，themorelikelihoodthereisfordiseasesandfordisability.Attentionisbeingpaidtotheneedtokeeppeopleashealthyaspossible，includingduringoldage，tolessenthefinancialburdenonthestate.Anothersignificantproblemistheneedfortheyoungergenerationstounderstandandvaluetheolderpeopleintheirsociety.InsomeAfricancountries，certainlyinAsia，olderpeoplearerespectedandregardedastheoneswithspecialknowledge.Yettraditionsarefadingawaydaily，whichdoesnotensurethecontinuedhighregardofolderpeople.Associetychanges，attitudeswillchange.Muchneedstobedonetogetridofagediscrimination(卑視)inemployment.Life-longlearningprogramsneedtobeprovidedtoenableolderpeopletobeactivemembersinacountry’sdevelopment.Socialsecuritypoliciesneedtobeestablishedtoprovideadequateincomeprotectionforolderpeople.Bothpublicandprivateschemesarevitalinordertobuildasuitablesafetynet.Toachieveequalityinsuchmatterswilltakeconsiderabletimeandeffort.Onethingissure：thereisnotimetobelost.1．Theproportionofolderpeople________.A．isbiggerindevelopedcountriesthanindevelopingcountriesB．isone-seventhofthepopulationindevelopingcountriesC．willincreasemuchfasterinChinathaninFranceD．willbesixtypercentindevelopingcountriesby20222.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingaregovernmentsmostworriedabout?A．Thediseasesanddisabilityofolderpeople.B．Thelongerlifeandgoodhealthofpeople.C．Thelossoftaxesonolderpeople.D．Theincreasingrespectforolderpeople.3．Itisstateddirectlyinthepassagethatolderpeopleshould________.A．betreateddifferentlyindifferentculturesB．enjoyasimilarlifestyleC．beignoredassocietychangesD．bevaluedbytheyoungergenerations4．WhichofthefollowingmeasuresisNOTmentionedtosolvethepopulationageingproblem?A．Gettingridofagediscriminationinemployment.B．Ensuringadequateincomeprotectionforolderpeople.C．Providingfreehealthcareforsickolderpeople.D．Supplyinglife-longlearningprogramstoolderpeople.5．Theauthorconcludesinthelastparagraphthat________.A．governmentshavespentlotsoftimeinsolvingtheageingproblemB．populationageingisahardproblem，butitneedstobesolvedurgentlyC．peoplearetoobusytosolvethepopulationageingproblemD．muchtimeandeffortwillbelostinsolvingtheageingproblem語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。老年人口的比例在進(jìn)展中國(guó)家猛增，這無(wú)疑會(huì)帶來(lái)很多問(wèn)題，盡管這一問(wèn)題很麻煩，但解決這一問(wèn)題勢(shì)在必行、刻不容緩。1．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段內(nèi)容可知，在法國(guó)，115年里老年人口的比例從7%增長(zhǎng)到了14%，而在中國(guó)僅僅用于23年的時(shí)間就達(dá)到了這個(gè)增長(zhǎng)幅度。因此可推知，將來(lái)中國(guó)老齡人口比例的增長(zhǎng)速度要比法國(guó)快得多。答案：C2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句“Oneofthebiggestworriesforgovernmentsisthatthelongerpeoplelive，themorelikelihoodthereisfordiseasesandfordisability.”可知，政府擔(dān)憂，人們活的壽命越長(zhǎng)，人們的健康壓力會(huì)越大。答案：A3．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“Anothersignificantproblemistheneedfortheyoungergenerations...society.”可知，年輕人應(yīng)當(dāng)理解和敬重老年人，D項(xiàng)為文章中直接陳述的觀點(diǎn)。答案：D4．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句可知，A項(xiàng)表述正確；依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段第一句可知，B項(xiàng)表述正確；依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段其次句可知，D項(xiàng)表述正確。答案：C5．解析：段落大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中“thereisnotimetobelost”可知，作者認(rèn)為，盡管人口老齡化這一問(wèn)題很麻煩，但解決它已經(jīng)是刻不容緩了。答案：B閱讀理解。【來(lái)自高考湖北卷】Feelingblueabouttheworld?“Cheerup，”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein，anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational，becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidenceoptimistic，becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbookTheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat，onthewhole，hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.Here'showheexplainshisviews.1)ShoppingfuelsinventionItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty，ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood，moreconvenienttransport，biggerhouses，bettercars，andofcourse，morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange，thebetteroffwe'llbe.2)BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher，healthier，taller，cleverer，longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food，clothing，fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechangeMitigating(減輕)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage，wheretheuseoffassil-fuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywell-meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld，isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimaicchangeprovestobemild，butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain，wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose-bleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血帶)aroundournecks.人類的進(jìn)步是無(wú)法阻擋的，是令人樂(lè)觀。在《理性的樂(lè)觀主義者》一書(shū)中，作者闡述了自己對(duì)于生活中的樂(lè)觀現(xiàn)象，并且對(duì)于購(gòu)物這樣一般的日常行為所帶來(lái)的樂(lè)觀影響都做了詳盡的分析和描述。1．WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook?A．Weaknessofhumannature. B．Concernaboutclimatechange.C．Importanceofpracticalthinking. D．Optimismabouthumanprogress.答案：D。理解推斷題。從其次段的前兩句話中，反復(fù)提到一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞“optimistic”以及信息句“becausethatevidenceshows...”；另外，“thisiswhathe'ssetouttoprove...”一句也正好清楚的表明白作者在本書(shū)中所以闡述的正是這個(gè)話題，正是與選項(xiàng)D的說(shuō)法是全都的，即：人類的進(jìn)步總是不行避開(kāi)的。2．HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?A．Itencouragesthecreationofthings. B．Itresultsinshortageofgoods.C．Itdemandsmorefossilfuels. D．Itcausesapovertyproblem.答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從“Shoppingfuelsinvention”一段正是反映了Ridley的觀點(diǎn)：購(gòu)物能夠激發(fā)制造制造。選項(xiàng)A與之相吻合。3．Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat________.A．oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandlesB．shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlifeC．a(chǎn)dvancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandlesD．increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods答案：D。細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。依據(jù)Brilliantadvances一段中的“Takeoneexample”一句很明顯的確定為：作者拿蠟燭與燈的比較與變化正是為了前面他所提到的看法，故與選項(xiàng)D的說(shuō)法是全都的。4．Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?A．Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.B．Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.C．People'shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.D．Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.答案：B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一句話中的“cuttingcarboncausesrealpain”可以排解選項(xiàng)A與C的說(shuō)法，由于它們大相徑庭；而依據(jù)“putting...aroundournecks”一句可以表明選項(xiàng)D中“careless”一詞運(yùn)用不當(dāng)，是不符合語(yǔ)境的。故只有選項(xiàng)B是最正確的?！?022高考英語(yǔ)江西省紅色六校其次次聯(lián)考】完形填空。閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Alittlepartofmethoughtaboutgoingtoanothercheckoutline．Thisonehadtheshortest36，therewasonlyoneguyinit，buthewasina37andthereseemedtobesomedifficulties38．Westeppedinbehindhim．Atfirst,he39tobehavingdifficultygettinghisgroceriesontothecounter．Butafterawhile，Irealizedthatwhathewasactuallydoingwas40itintotwoparts．Iofferedtohelp，butheandthecheckoutladyhaditunder41．HeaskedJulieifshewouldmindputtinghis42basketaway．Thenhe43forhiswalletwhichwasinabagononesideofhischair．The44hewaspositionedandthefactheonlyhadoneusablearm45thistroublesomeforhim，soIhelpedthere．Thecheckoutoperatorcamearoundandgavehimhis46andthegoodsheneededtohavetohand．She47onebagofgroceriesoverahandleatthebackofhischair．Iofferedtogettheotherbiggerbagandhesaid，“No．48youcoulddomeafavor．TakethatbagalongtotheentranceandgiveittoAngela．"Angela，it49，wascollectingfoodforpeoplewhomight50gohungry!Ihadn’teven51herbefore.Thisguy，inspiteofthelimitations，hadboughtmorethantwiceas52shoppingasheneeded—andgiventhebiggerbagawaytohelp53people!Hedidn’tletthefactthatheneededhelp54himfrombeingahelp．Hemayhavebeenl