【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】2021高考英語(江蘇專用)大二輪總復(fù)習(xí)定時(shí)訓(xùn)練14

定時(shí)訓(xùn)練(14)專題特訓(xùn)(閱讀理解——細(xì)節(jié)理解)eq\x(Passage1)體裁：記敘文話題：人生經(jīng)受時(shí)間：6分鐘Sometimesyourbiggestweaknesscanbecomeyourbiggeststrength.Take，forexample，thestoryofone10－year－oldboywhodecidedtostudyjudo(柔道)despitethefactthathehadlosthisleftarminadevastatingcaraccident.TheboybeganlessonswithanoldJapanesejudomaster.Theboywasdoingwell，sohecouldn'tunderstandwhy，afterthreemonthsoftraining，themasterhadtaughthimonlyonemove.“Sensei，”theboyfinallysaid，“shouldn'tIbelearningmoremoves？”“Thisistheonlymoveyouknow，butthisistheonlymoveyou'lleverneedtoknow，”thesenseireplied.Notquiteunderstanding，butbelievinginhisteacher，theboykepttraining.Severalmonthslater，thesenseitooktheboytohisfirsttournament(錦標(biāo)賽，聯(lián)賽)．Surprisinghimself，theboyeasilywonhisfirsttwomatches.Thethirdmatchprovedtobemoredifficult，butaftersometime，hisopponentbecameimpatientandcharged；theboydeftly(嫻熟地)usedhisonemovetowinthematch.Stillamazedbyhissuccess，theboywasnowinthefinals.Thistime，hisopponentwasbigger，stronger，andmoreexperienced.Forawhile，theboyappearedtobedefeated.Concernedthattheboymightgethurt，therefereecalledatimeout.Hewasabouttostopthematchwhenthesenseiintervened.“No，”thesenseiinsisted，“l(fā)ethimcontinue.”Soonafterthematchresumed，hisopponentmadeabigmistake:hedroppedhisguard.Instantly，theboyhadwonthematchandthetournament.Hewasthechampion.Onthewayhome，theboyandsenseireviewedeverymoveineachandeverymatch.Thentheboygatheredthecouragetoaskwhatwasreallyonhismind.“Sensei，howdidIwinthetournamentwithonlyonemove?”“Youwonfortworeasons，”thesenseianswered.“First，you'vealmostmasteredoneofthemostdifficultthrowsinallofjudo.Second，theonlyknowndefenseforthatmoveisforyouropponenttograbyourleftarm.”Theboy'sbiggestweaknesshadbecomehisbiggeststrength.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文通過一位柔道冠軍的事例向我們敘述了有時(shí)候一個(gè)人的劣勢(shì)可以變成優(yōu)勢(shì)這樣一個(gè)道理。1．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Nopainsnogains.B．Weaknesscanbecomestrength.C．Wherethereisawillthereisaway.D．Agreatjudomaster.解析標(biāo)題概括題。文章敘述了一位失去左臂的柔道運(yùn)動(dòng)員，利用自己沒有左臂使對(duì)手無法抓住，從而一招制敵，將自己的劣勢(shì)變成了優(yōu)勢(shì)。故文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)是：Weaknesscanbecomestrength。答案B2．Accordingtothesecondparagraphtheboywas______withhisteacher.A．satisfiedB．pleasedC．unsatisfiedD．careful解析推理推斷題。其次段中提到那位男孩對(duì)老師只教他一招感到不解，要求老師教他更多的動(dòng)作，可以推出他對(duì)老師的做法不滿足。故選C。答案C3．Whydidtherefereecallatimeoutinthefinals?A．Becausehethoughttheboywouldbetheloserdefinitely.B．Becausehethoughttheboywouldgiveup.C．Becausehedroppedhisguard.D．Becausehewasexperienced.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的前三句話可以了解到裁判認(rèn)為那位男孩的對(duì)手更強(qiáng)大，更有閱歷，那位男孩明顯要失敗了，并且可能會(huì)受傷，故叫了一個(gè)暫停。答案A4．Inthelastparagraphtheauthorwantedtotellus______．A．whowasthechampionB．thereasonwhytheboywoneverymatchC．thesenseiwasveryexcellentD．theboywasverycourageous解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀最終一段不難發(fā)覺，最終一段主要敘述的是那位男孩每次都通過一招制勝的緣由。故選B。答案Beq\x(Passage2)體裁：記敘文話題：成語故事時(shí)間：7分鐘DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod，therewasamaninthestateofQinwhosenamewasSunYang.SunYangwasveryexpertinlookingathorsesandjudgingtheirworth，whateverthehorsemightbe，hecouldtellwhetheritwasgoodorbadatfirstsight.Oneday，whenSunYangwaspassingaplace，henoticedthatanoldhorsepullingacartloadedwithsalt.Hecamenear，andsawthatitwasahorsethatreallycouldcoverathousandliaday，buttheonlyproblemwithitwasthatitwasalittletooold.SunYangfeltthatthehorsewasreallyunjustlytreated.Whenhethoughtofthis，hewassogrievedthatheshedtears.Inordertohelpmorepeoplelearnhowtoappraisehorsessothatfinehorseswhichcouldcoverathousandliadaywouldnolongerfallintooblivion(埋沒)，andalsoinordertoensurethathisuniqueskillinjudginghorseswouldnotbelost，SunYangwroteabookentitledtheArtofLookingatHorsesandJudgingTheirWorth.Thebookwasalsoillustratedwiththepicturesofvarioushorses.SunYanghadasonwho，afterreadinghisfather'sbook，thoughtitwasveryeasytoappraisehorses.Sohetookthebookwithhimtolookforfinehorseseverywhere.Atfirsthesearchedaccordingtothepicturesinthebook，andfoundnothing.Thenhesearchedaccordingtothecharacteristicsdescribedinthebookandfoundatoad(癩蛤蟆)fitverywell.Sohehappilytookthetoadbackhome，andsaidtohisfather，“Father，Ihavefoundahorsethatcancoverathousandliaday，onlyitshoofs(蹄)arenotgoodenough.”Lookingatthetoad，SunYangdidnotknowwhetherheshouldlaughorcry.Knowingthathissonwasstupid，SunYangsaidhumorously.“It'sapitythatthishorseistoofondofjumpingtopullacart.”Thenhesighed.Thatisjustwhatwecalllookingforasteedwiththeaidofitspicture.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要敘述了按圖索驥的來歷。孫陽(yáng)是一位相馬的專家，而他的兒子卻依據(jù)父親相馬書上的圖片誤將一只癩蛤蟆當(dāng)成千里馬，從而落下按圖索驥這個(gè)笑柄。5．Inthefirstparagraphtheauthorwantedto______．A．tellushowtojudgeagoodhorseB．introduceagoodhorsetousC．introduceSunYangtousD．beanexpertinlookingathorses解析段落大意題。文章第一段主要向我們介紹了孫陽(yáng)的基本狀況：春秋時(shí)期秦國(guó)人，擅長(zhǎng)相馬——無論什么樣的馬他一眼就能推斷出它的優(yōu)劣。答案C6．WhydidSunYangweepwhenhenoticedtheoldhorsethatwaspullingacartloadedwithsalt?A．Becausehecouldnotaffordthehorse.B．Becausethehorsewastoooldtodrawthecart.C．Becausehefeltsympathyaboutthehorse'sfortune.D．Becausehewantedtogetthehorsegreatly.解析推理推斷題。從其次段可以看出，當(dāng)孫陽(yáng)見到那匹千里馬時(shí)，它正在拉裝著鹽的車，同時(shí)也有點(diǎn)兒太老了，他感到一匹千里馬受到這樣的待遇很不公，因此可以推出他對(duì)那匹千里馬是格外憐憫的。答案C7．What'sthepurposeofSunYangwritingabook?A．Tomakemuchmoney.B．Tohelpmorepeoplebuyfinehorses.C．Tomakehisskillinjudginghorsesplayagreatroleinthefuture.D．Tohelphissonjudgehorsesandmakealiving.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段中提到孫陽(yáng)為能讓更多的人學(xué)會(huì)相馬，不讓千里馬被埋沒；同時(shí)也為了使自己相馬的技能不失傳。故選C。答案C8．AccordingtothelastparagraphwecanlearnthatSunYang'ssonwas______．A．excellentB．stupidC．cleverD．knowledgeable解析推理推斷題。最終一段中提到孫陽(yáng)的兒子開頭的時(shí)候依據(jù)書上的圖片找千里馬，但是一無所獲。后來又依據(jù)書上對(duì)千里馬的描述來查找千里馬，結(jié)果卻弄了一只癩蛤蟆。由此可以推出孫陽(yáng)的兒子是愚蠢的，故選B。答案Beq\x(Passage3)體裁：說明文話題：航天科技時(shí)間：7分鐘Itwasamodesttestdrive:Movingforward15feet，turninginplace120degrees，thenbackingupabout8feet.Theentiretriptookabout16minutes.ButfortheteambehindCuriosity，thesix－wheeledNASArover(探測(cè)器)thatlandedonMars17daysago，thefirsttracksonMarswereanexcitingmilestone.“Itcouldn'tbemoreimportant，”PeterC．Theisinger，themission'sprojectmanager，said.“Imean，webuiltarover.Sounlesstherovermoves，wereallyhaven'taccomplishedanything.”Curiosity，whichwaslaunchedonNovember26，2011，istospendaboutacoupleofyearstravelingthrougha96－mile－widecrater(隕石坑)andupamountainatthecenterofthecrater，exploringforsignsthatearlyMarscouldhavebeenhabitableforlife.ButthatjourneyofmilesstartedafewfeetawayfromBradburyLanding，whereCuriositysetdownonAug.6，2022.ThespothadbeennamedforRayBradbury，theauthorofTheMartianChroniclesandotherinfluentialscience－fictionnovels.Hewouldhaveturned92onWednesday.Recently，Curiosityhasbeenbusywithotherexercises.OnSunday，theroverfiredalaserinstrumentforthefirsttime，hittingarockandanalyzingtheatomicmake－up.OnMonday，itextendeditsarm.OnTuesday，itmoveditsfourcornerwheelsinpreparationforthedrive.“Everythinghasbeengoingextremelywell，”Mr.Theisingersaid.Sofar，theonlybrokeninstrumenthasbeenawindsensorthatmayhavebeendamagedduringthelanding，NASAsaid.Duringthenextweek，asmoreinstrumentsarecheckedout，Curiosityistoheadtoitsfirstdestination，calledGlenelg.Atfirst，Curiositywillmoveonlyabout30feetatatime.Asitsengineersgainexperience，thedriveswillstretchtolongerthanthelengthofafootballfield.Mr.Theisingerwarnedthattheearlysuccessesdidnotensurefutureones.Sofar，themissionhasaccomplishedonlytwoofitsprimarygoals：tolaunchontimeandtolandonMars.“We'vegotalongwaytogobeforethismissionmeetsitsfullpotential，”hesaid.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局放射的古怪???號(hào)火星探測(cè)器在降落火星17天后首次試車，邁出了火星探險(xiǎn)的第一步。9．WhatdoesPeterC．Theisingerthinkofthetestdrive?A．Ithasn'taccomplishedanything.B．Itisofgreatimportance.C．Itendedupasafailure.D．Itwasnotsmooth.解析考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Itcouldn'tbemoreimportant”可知，PeterC．Theisinger認(rèn)為這次試車格外重要。答案B10．WhichpartofCuriositywasdamagedaccordingtothepassage?A．Alaserinstrument.B．Awindsensor.C．Itsarm.D．Itsfourcornerwheels.解析考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段其次句可知，古怪???號(hào)火星探測(cè)器的風(fēng)力傳感器在著陸時(shí)受損，其他一切都完好，故答案選B項(xiàng)。答案B11．Curiosityismainlydesignedto______．A．searchforevidenceoflifeonMarsB．prepareforhumanlandingonMarsC．explorethenaturalresourcesonMarsD．tryoutsomescientificinstruments解析考查