《紅對(duì)勾》2022屆高考英語人教版新課標(biāo)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)-滾動(dòng)測(cè)試12

課時(shí)作業(yè)12HealthyeatingⅠ.閱讀理解(2021·湖北省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)“Eatlocal.”It'sonewaytoreducehumaneffectontheplanet.Eatinglocalmeanstotrytobuyandconsumefoodsthataregrowninplacesclosetohome.However,mostofthefoodsoldatsupermarketsisnotlocallygrownorproduced.Trucksandplanesdeliverthesefoodsfromhundredsorthousandsofmilesaway.Duringthetransportation,greenhousegasesareproduced,causingglobalwarming.Sotheshorterthedistanceyourfoodsmusttravel,thelesstheharmisdonetotheenvironment.Buthowdoyougetlocalfoodifyouliveinalargecity,hundredsofmilesawayfromfarms?EnvironmentalhealthscientistDicksonDespommierandhisstudentscameupwiththeideaofa“vertical(垂直的)farm”．Averticalfarmisaglass-walledstructurethatcouldbebuiltastallasaskyscraper.Sincethegardenisbuiltupwards,ratherthanoutwards,itrequiresmuchlessspacethananordinaryfarm.Theworldisquicklyrunningoutofroomforordinaryfarming.Verticalfarmscouldbeakeytothissituation.Despommierimaginesa30-storybuildingwithagreenhouseoneveryfloor.Thewallsofthebuildingwouldbeclear,toallowcropstogetasmuchsunlightaspossible.Dependingonacity'swaterresources,Despommierthinkshydroponic(水培)farmingisanothermethodfortheverticalfarmwhichneedsnosoiltogrowplants.Despommiersaysthehydroponicgreenhouseswoulduseasystemthatwoulduseacity'swastewaterandfillitwithnutritiontomakethecropsgrow.Ifthismethodworks,itwouldprovidefoodtoacityandsavemillionsoftonsofwater.Theideaofaverticalfarmhasattractedtheattentionofgovernmentofficialsaroundtheworld.ScottStringer,agovernmentofficialfromNewYorkCity,thinksthecityissuitablefortheverticalfarming.“Obviouslywedon'thavemuchlandleftforus，”Stringersaid,“ButtheskyisthelimitinManhattan.”Despommieradmitsthatthereisstillalotofworktodotomakeverticalfarmsareality.“ButIthinkverticalfarmingisanideathatcanworkinabigway.”hesays.1．Whyarepeopleadvisedtoeatlocal?A．Becauseitmeansconveniencetopeople.B．Becauseitcanhelppeoplesavealotofmoney.C．Becauselocalfoodhasmorenutrition.D．Becauseitisenvironmentallyfriendly.2．Whichisoneoftheverticalfarm'sbenefitswhencomparedwithordinaryfarming?A．Itproduceshealthierfood.B．Itdoeslessharmtothecities.C．Itconsumesmoreenergyofthecity.D．Itneedslessspaceofthecity.3．Bysaying“theskyisthelimitinManhattan”，Stringermeans________.A．peoplecanmakefulluseofverticalspaceofManhattanB．thereisalimitforusingemptylandinManhattanC．theheightofbuildingsinManhattanislimitedD．Manhattanhasagreatpotentialfordevelopment4．Whatcanwelearnabouttheverticalfarminginthepassage?A．Inaverticalfarm,soilmaynotbeneededtogrowplants.B．Ithassolvedtheproblemofthefoodshortageinabigway.C．Itisa30-storybuildingwithagreenhouseoneveryfloor.D．Cropsaremainlygrownintherainwaterinaverticalfarm.答案與解析這篇文章介紹了建議人們吃當(dāng)?shù)厥澄铮捎趯?duì)環(huán)境有好處。1．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句Sotheshorterthedistanceyourfoodsmusttravel,thelesstheharmisdonetotheenvironment.可知人們被建議吃當(dāng)?shù)厥澄锏木売墒菍?duì)環(huán)境有好處，故選D項(xiàng)。2．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段Theideaofaverticalfarmhasattractedtheattentionofgovernmentofficialsaroundtheworld.ScottStringer,agovernmentofficialfromNewYorkCity,thinksthecityissuitablefortheverticalfarming.“Obviouslywedon'thavemuchlandleftforus，”Stringersaid,“ButtheskyisthelimitinManhattan.”可知優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于它需要城市中比較少的空間，故選D項(xiàng)。3．A句意理解題。依據(jù)最終一段Despommieradmitsthatthereisstillalotofworktodotomakeverticalfarmsareality.“ButIthinkverticalfarmingisanideathatcanworkinabigway.”hesays.可知Stringer的意思是人們應(yīng)當(dāng)充分利用曼哈頓的垂直空間，故選A項(xiàng)。4．A推理推斷題。第三段最終一句Despommierthinkshydroponic(水培的)farmingisanothermethodfortheverticalfarmwhichneedsnosoiltogrowplants.可知有些農(nóng)田不需要土壤來生長(zhǎng)植物，故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.完形填空Onenight,whenIwaseight,mymothergentlyaskedmeaquestionIwouldneverforget.“Sweetie,mycompanywantsto__1__mebutneedsmetoworkinBrazil.Thisislikeyourteachertellingyouthatyou'vedone__2__andallowingyoutoskipagrade(跳級(jí)),butyou'llhaveto__3__yourfriends.Wouldyousayyestoyourteacher？”Shegavemeahugandaskedmetothinkaboutit.Iwaspuzzled.Thequestionkeptme__4__fortherestofthenight.Ihadsaid“yes”butforthefirsttime,Irealizedthe__5__decisionsadultshadtomake.Foralmostfouryears,mymotherwouldcallusfromBrazileveryday.EveryeveningI'd__6__waitforthephonetoringandthentellhereverydetailofmyday.Aphonecall,however,couldneverreplaceher__7__anditwasdifficultnottofeellonelyattimes.DuringmyfourthgradeChristmasbreak,weflewtoRiotovisither.Lookingatherlarge__8__apartment,Ibecame__9__howlonelymymothermusthavebeeninBrazilherself.Itwasthen__10__Istartedtoappreciatethetoughchoicesshehadtomakeon__11__familyandwork.__12__difficultdecisions,sheusedtotellme,youwouldn'tknowwhetheryoumadetherightchoice,butyoucouldalwaysmakethebestoutofthesituation,withpassionanda__13__attitude.Backhome,I__14__myselfthatwhatmymothercoulddo,Icould,too.Ifshe__15__toliveinRioallbyherself,I,too,couldlearntobe__16__.Ilearnthowtotakecareofmyselfandsethighbutachievable__17__.Mymotherisnowbackwithus.ButIwillneverforgetwhatthe__18__hasreallytaughtme.Sacrifices__19__intheend.Theseparationbetweenushasprovedtobea__20__forme.1．A.attractB．promoteC．surprise D．praise2．A.little B．muchC．well D．wrong3．A.leave B．refuseC．contact D．forgive4．A.explaining B．sleepingC．wondering D．regretting5．A.poor B．timelyC．final D．tough6．A.eagerly B．politelyC．nervously D．curiously7．A.patience B．presenceC．intelligence D．influence8．A.comfortable B．expensiveC．empty D．modern9．A.interestedin B．a(chǎn)wareofC．doubtfulabout D．satisfiedwith10．A.when B．whereC．which D．that11．A.abandoning B．balancingC．comparing D．mixing12．A.Dependingon B．SuppliedwithC．Facedwith D．Insistingon13．A.different B．friendlyC．positive D．general14．A.criticized B．informedC．warned D．reminded15．A.managed B．offeredC．a(chǎn)ttempted D．expected16．A.grateful B．energeticC．independent D．practical17．A.examples B．limitsC．rules D．goals18．A.question B．experienceC．history D．occasion19．A.payoff B．comebackC．runout D．turnup20．A.blessing B．gatheringC．failure D．pleasure答案與解析母愛無言，媽媽為家庭所做的努力和犧牲讓作者體會(huì)頗深，使作者學(xué)會(huì)了獨(dú)立和設(shè)定有確定高度但可達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。1．B下文提到“就像你老師說你做得好能跳級(jí)一樣”可推斷，此處指媽媽的公司想提拔媽媽，故選B項(xiàng)。attract“吸引”；promote“提升，提拔”；surprise“吃驚”；praise“表揚(yáng)”。2．C能跳級(jí)說明學(xué)習(xí)很好，故選C項(xiàng)。3．A既然要跳級(jí)，當(dāng)然要離開自己的伴侶，故選A項(xiàng)。leave“離開”；refuse“拒絕”；contact“聯(lián)系”；forgive“原諒”。4．C整個(gè)晚上的其他時(shí)間“我”都在想這個(gè)問題。explain“解釋”；sleeping“睡覺”；wonder“想知道，琢磨”；regret“懊悔，圓滿”。5．D“我”首次意識(shí)到大人們要做的困難的選擇。poor“貧困的”；timely“準(zhǔn)時(shí)的”；final“最終的”；tough“困難的，困難的”。6．A前文提到媽媽每天都會(huì)給“我”打電話，下文提到“我”告知她生活中的點(diǎn)滴，故此處表示每天傍晚“我”都會(huì)急迫地等在電話前。eagerly“急迫地”；politely“有禮貌地”；nervously“緊急地”；curiously“奇異???地”。7．B后文提到作者放假去探望媽媽可知，此處表示的是即使媽媽每天打電話也不能代替她在身邊，故選B項(xiàng)。patience“急躁”；presence“在場(chǎng)”；intelligence“智力”；influence“影響”。8．C依據(jù)下文“howlonelymymother”可知媽媽很孤獨(dú)，所以她住的公寓應(yīng)當(dāng)也是空蕩蕩的。comfortable“舒適的”；expensive“昂貴的”；empty“空的”；modern“現(xiàn)代的”。9．B看到媽媽空蕩蕩的公寓“我”意識(shí)到媽媽一個(gè)人在巴西是多么孤獨(dú)。becomeinterestedin“對(duì)……感愛好”；becomeawareof“意識(shí)到”；becomedoubtfulabout“對(duì)……懷疑”；becomesatisfiedwith“對(duì)……滿足”。10．D就是在那時(shí)“我”開頭鄙視媽媽所做出的困難的選擇。Itwas...that...構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。11．B媽媽要在工作和家庭之間保持平衡。abandon“放棄”；balance“平衡”；compare“比較”；mix“混合”。12．C媽媽告知“我”在面臨這些困難選擇時(shí)，你不知道你所做的打算是否正確。dependon“取決于；依靠”；supplywith“供應(yīng)”；befacedwith“面臨，面對(duì)”；insiston“堅(jiān)持”。13．C依據(jù)passion可知媽媽告知作者要充分利用所處的境地，要有熱忱和樂觀的態(tài)度。different“不同的”；friendly“友好的”；positive“樂觀的”；general“一般的”。14．D前文提到“我”意識(shí)到媽媽所做的一切有多么困難，回來后“我”不斷提示自己媽媽能做的“我”也能做到，故選D項(xiàng)。criticize“批判”；inform“告知，通知”；warn“警告”；remind“提示”。15．A假如媽媽能獨(dú)拘束里約熱內(nèi)盧生活，“我”也能獨(dú)立。managetodo“成功做某事”；offertodo“主動(dòng)做某事”；attempttodo“試圖做某事”；expecttodo“期望做某事”。16．C依據(jù)takecareofmyself(照看“我”自己)可知此處表示“我”也能學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立。grateful“感謝的”；energetic“精力充分的”；independent“獨(dú)立的”；practical“實(shí)際的”。17．D此處表示作者會(huì)為自己設(shè)定有確定高度但能達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。example“例子”；limit“限制”；rule“規(guī)章”；goal“目標(biāo)”。18．B“我”永久也不會(huì)遺忘那次經(jīng)受所教會(huì)“我”的。question“問題”；experience“經(jīng)受”；history“歷史”；occasion“場(chǎng)合”。19．A犧牲最終得到了回報(bào)。payoff“取得好的結(jié)果，得到回報(bào)”；comeback“回來”；runout“用完”；turnup“毀滅，調(diào)大”。20．A“我”與媽媽的分別結(jié)果成為了對(duì)“我”有益的事情。blessing“祝愿，好事，有益之事”；gathering“聚集，聚會(huì)”；failure“失敗”；pleasure“歡快”。Ⅲ.語法填空Mr.Joneswokeearlyonemorning.Itwasabeautifulmorning,sohewenttothewindowandlookedout.Hewassurprisedtoseea__1__(neat)dressed,middle-agedprofessor,__2__workedintheuniversitynearhishouse.Hehadgreyhairandthickglasses,andwascarrying__3__umbrella,amorningnewspaperandabag.Mr.Jonesthoughtthathemusthavearrivedbythenighttrainanddecidedtowalktotheuniversityinsteadof__4__(take)ataxi.Mr.Joneshadabigtreeinhisgarden,andthechildrenhadtiedalongropetooneofits__5__(branch)sothattheycouldswingonit.Mr.Joneswassurprisedtoseetheprofessorstopandlook__6__(care)upanddowntheroad.Whenhesawthattherewasnobody__7__sight,hesteppedintothegarden(therewasnofence),puthisumbrella,newspaper,bagandhatneatlyonthegrassandtookholdoftherope.Hepulledithardtosee__8__itwasstrongenoughtotakehisweight,thenranasfastashecouldand__9__(swing)intotheairontheendoftherope.Atlasttheprofessorstoppedandcontinuedonhisway__10__theuniversity,lookingasquietandcorrectasonewouldexpectaprofessortobe.答案與解析1．neatly修飾實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用副詞。2．who先行詞為人，定語從句中缺主語，故用who引導(dǎo)。3．a(chǎn)n表示“一個(gè)”，用不定冠詞。4．taking介詞后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。5．branchesoneof后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。6．carefully修飾實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用副詞。7．ininsight看得見。8．whether/ifwhether/if引導(dǎo)賓語從句意為“是否”。9．swung該空與ran并列，故用過去式swung。10．toonone'swayto在某人去某地的路上。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)(2021·浙江省寧波市階段性考試)DearSirorMadam，Thankyoufortakingyourtimetoreadmyletter.IamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerofthecomingInternationalTradeExposition.Allourcitizensarehostforthisgreatevent.Allofusshouldworkhardtomakewellpreparationsforit.IpromiseIwouldtrytoserveforourhonoredguestsfromallovertheworldwithenthusiasm.Besides,havearichknowledgeofChinesehistory,Iwillbenotonlyaservantbutalsoacarrierforoursplendidlyculture.What'smore,English,aninternationallanguage,willplayimportantroleincommunicationduringtheExposition.Unluckily,Iamgoodatthemandcanexpre