2021年12月大學(xué)英語四級（CET4）第三套真題 （含解析）

2021年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題試卷（第3套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions：Supposeyouhavejustparticipatedinaschoolprojectofcollectingusedbookson

campus.Youarenowtowritea()reportabouttheproject,whichmayincludeitsaim,organizers，

participantsanaactivities.Youwillhave30minutestowritethereport.Youshouldwriteatleast

120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

說明：由于2021年12月四級考試全國共考了兩套聽力，本套真題聽力與前兩套內(nèi)容相同，

只是選項順序不同，因此在本套真題中不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Please

markthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Thesheetsaredampwithsweat.You*recold,butyourheartisracingasifakillerjustchased

youdownadarkstreet.Itwasjustanightmare,youtellyourself;there'snothingtobeafraidof.But

you*restillfilledwith26.

Givenhowunsettlingandhauntingnightmarescanbe,isthereawayfordreamersto27

oreventurno優(yōu)thesebaddreamsastheyhappen?

Researchis28,butsomestudiessuggestthatpeoplewhocanmasterluciddreaming-that

is,theabilitytobe29thatanightmareishappeningandpossiblyevencontrolitwithoutwaking

up-mayholdthe30.

Nightmaresarepartofthehumanexperience,especiallyforkids.Doctors31don't

consideroccasionalnightmaresaproblem.Theycanjustbesymptomsofasleepdisorderthatcan

32fromanunpleasantexperience,stress,orcertaindrugs.

Totreatthedisorder,thereareanumberofmedicinesandtherapiesthatarebackedby33

research,accordingtotheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine,whichanalyzedtheavailable

researchonthetreatmentofnightmaredisorderinarecent34publishedintheJournalof

ClinicalSleepMedicine.

However,nightmaresarecomplicated,andresearchersarestillstrugglingtounderstandthem,

saidDr.RachelSalas,anexpertonsleepdisordersandanassociateprofessoratJohnsHopkins

MedicineinBaltimore.Whatwedoknowisthatpeople35tohavedifferentkindsof

nightmaresatdifferentpointsduringthesleepcycle.

A)amountI)mechanical

B)answerJ)result

C)avoidK)review

D)awareL)rigorous

E)departM)tend

F)drasticallyN)timidity

G)fearO)typically

H)limited

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Each

statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhich

theinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce,Eachparagraphismarked

withaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Whyitmattersthatteensarereadingless

A)Mostofusspendmuchmoretimewithdigitalmediathanwedidadecadeago.Buttoday's

teenshavegrownupwithsmartphones.Comparedwithteensacoupleofdecadesago,theway

theyinteractwithtaditionalmedialikebooksandmoviesisfundamentallydifferent.

B)AnalysisofsurveysofoveronemillionteensintheUnitedStatescollectedsince1976reveals

amajorshiftinhowteensarespendingtheirleisuretime.Paperbooksarebeingignored,in

favorofscreensDigitaldevicesarechangingotherbehaviors,too.Moreandmore,young

peoplechoosespendingtimeontheirelectronicdevicesoverengaginginotheractivities,

regardlessofthetype.Indeed,by2016,theaverageAmericanhighschoolseniorsaidtheyspent

sixhoursadaywritingtextmessages,onsocialmedia,andonlineduringtheirfreetime.And

thatcoversjustthreeactivities,andifotherdigitalmediaactivitieswereincluded,thatestimate

wouldnodoubtrise.

C)Teensdidnotalwaysspendthatmuchtimewithdigitalmedia.Onlinetimehasdoubledsince

2006,andsocialmediausehasmovedfromaperiodicactivitytoadailyoneinthesameperiod.

By2016,nearlynineoutoftenyoungwomeninthe12thgradesaidtheyvisitedsocialmedia

siteseveryday.Meanwhile,timespentplayingvideogamesrosefromunderanhouradayto

anhourandahalfonaverage.OneoutoftenAmerican8thgradestudentsin2016spent40

hoursaweekormoreplayingvideogames.Letmeemphasizethatthisisequaltothetimemost

adultsspendperweekatwork.

D)Ifteensarespendingsomuchtimeusingelectronicdevices,doesthatmeantheyhavetogive

upsometheyactivities?Maybenot.Overtheyears,manyscholarshaveinsistedthattime

onlinedoesnotnecessarilytakeawaytimespentengagingwithtraditionalmediaoronother

activities.Somepeople,theyargue,arejustmoreinterestedincertainkindsofmediaand

entertainment.Thus,usingmoreofonetypeofmediadoesnotnecessarilymeanlessofthe

other.

E)Thatmaybetrue,butthatstilldoesnottellusmuchaboutwhathappensacrossawhole

generationofpeoplewhentimespentondigitalmediagrows.Largesurveysconductedoverthe

courseofmanyyearstellusthatAmericanyoutharenotgoingtothecinemanearlyasoftenas

theydidinthepast.While70percentof8thand10thgradestudentsusedtogotothemovies

onceamonthormore,nowonlyabouthalfdothis.Moreandmore,watchingamovieis

somethingteenschoosetodoontheirelectronicdevices.Whyisthisaproblem?Onereasonis

thatgoingtothecinemaisgenerallyasocialactivity.Now,watchingmoviesissomethingthat

mostteensdoalone.Thisfitsalargerpattern.Inanotheranalysis,researchersfoundthattoday*s

teensgooutwiththeirfriendsmuchlessoftenthanpreviousgenerationsdid.

F)Butthetrendsrelatedtomoviesarelessdisturbingcomparedwiththechangeinhowteensspend

theirtime.Researchhasrevealedanenormousdeclineinreading.In1980,about60percentof

seniorhighschoolstudentssaidtheyreadabook,newspaperormagazineeverydaythatwasnot

assignedforschool.By2016,only16percentdid.Thisisahugedropanditisimportanttonote

thatthiswasnotmerelyadeclineinreadingpaperbooks,newspapersormagazines.Thesurvey

allowedforreadingmaterialsonadigitaldevice.

G)Indeed,thenumberofseniorhighschoolstudentswhosaidtheyhadnotreadanybooksfor

pleasureinthelastyearwasoneoutofthreeby2016.Thatistriplethenumberfromtwodecades

ago.Fortoday'syouth,books,newspapersandmagazineshavelessandlessofapresenceintheir

dailylives.Ofcourse,teensarestillreading.Buttheyaregenerallyreadingshorttexts.Mostof

themarenotreadinglongarticlesorbooksthatexploredeepthemesandrequirecriticalthinking

andreflection.Perhapsnotaccidentally,in2016readingscoreswerethelowesttheyhaveever

beensince1972.

H)Thismightpresentproblemsforyoungpeoplelateron.Whenhighschoolstudentsgoonto

college,theirpastandcurrentreadinghabitswillinfluencetheiracademicperformance.

Imaginegoingfromreadingtextsasshortasoneortwosentencestotryingtoreadentirebooks

writtenincomplexlanguageandcontainingsophisticatedideas.Readingandcomprehending

longerbooksandchapterstakespractice,andAmericanteensarenolongergettingthatpractice.

I)Sohowcanthisproblembesolved?Shouldparentsandteacherstakeawayteens*smartphones

andreplacethemwithpaperbooks?Probablynot.Researchhasshownthatsmartphonesare

currentlyAmericanteens1mainformofsocialcommunication.Thismeansthat,withouta

smartphone,teensarelikelytofeelisolatedfromtheirpeers.However,thatdoesnotmeanteens

needtouseelectronicdevicesasoftenastheydonow.Dataconnectingexcessivedigitalmedia

timetomentalhealthissuessuggestsalimitoftwohoursadayoffreetimespentwithscreens,

arestrictionthatwillalsoallowtimeforotheractivities一likegoingtothemovieswithfriends

orreadinglonger,morecomplicatedtexts.

J)Thelatterisespeciallyimportant.Iwouldarguethatofallthechangesbroughtaboutbythe

widespreaduseofdigitaldevices,thehugedeclineinreadingislikelytohavethebiggest

negativeimpactontoday'steensbecausereadingbooksandlongerarticlesisoneofthebest

waystolearncriticalthinking.Ithelpspeopletounderstandcomplexissuesandtoseparatefact

fromfiction.Thus,deepreadingiscrucialforbeingagoodcitizen,asuccessfulcollegestudent

andaproductiveemployee.Ifseriousreadingdies,alotwillgowithit

36.Manyyears'surveysrevealthatyoungpeopleinAmericaaregoingtothecinemamuchless

oftenthantheyusedto.

37.SurveyanalysisshowsAmericanteensnowspendtheirleisuretimeondigitaldevicesrather

thanreadingprintedbooks.

38.Thenumberofseniorhighschoolersnotreadingbooksforpleasureinayearincreasedthree

timesover20years.

39.Manyscholarsclaimthatspendingtimeonelectronicdevicesdoesn'tnecessarilymeana

decreaseoftimeforotheractivities.

40.Mostpeoplespendmuchmoretimeinteractingwithdigitalmediathantheydidtenyearsago.

41.Theauthorclaimsthatitwillbeagreatlossifwenolongerreadbooksandlongerarticles

42.Overadecadeorso,Americanteens1socialmediauseshiftedfromanoccasionalactivityto

aroutineone.

43.AmoredisturbingtrendinAmericatodayisthatteensarespendingfarlesstimereadingthan

aroundfourdecadesago

44.Somefiveyearsago,highschoolseniorsinAmericagenerallyspentmorethansixhoursa

dayonelectronicdevices.

45.ItwasfoundthatAmericanyoungsterstodaydon'tsocializenearlyasmuchastheearlier

generations.

SectionC

Directions：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingle

linethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Haveyoueverwonderedhowacceptableitistohugortouchsomeone?Whileitmaysound

safetoavoidallphysicalcontactsoasnottooffendanyone,thelackoftouchingmightimplycold

attitudesorindifferenceininterpersonalrelationships.

So,whatshouldwedo?Thesimpleansweristothoroughlylearnuniqueculturalnormsfor

physicalcontact.Innonverbalcommunicationterminology(術(shù)語),physicalcontactandthestudy

oftouchingaregenerallyreferredtoashaptics.

Hapticsincommunicationoftensuggestthelevelofintimacy.Theyareusuallyclassifiedinto

twogroups：high-contactandlow-contact.

AsiaandquitesurprisinglytheUnitedStates,CanadaandBritainbelongtolow-contact

cultures.Peoplefromtherestoftheworld,suchasLatinAmerica,areconsideredtobeinhigh-

contactcultureswheretheytendtoexpecttouchinginsocialinteractionsandfeelmorecomfortable

withphysicalcloseness.Despitetheclassification,therearemorecomplexfactorssuchasrelational

closeness,gender,age,andcontextthatcanaffecthowsomeoneviewsphysicalcontact.

OnecommonFrenchcustomofgreetingsischeek-kissing,butitismostlyrestrictedtofriends,

closeacquaintancesandfamilymembers.Whilecheek-kissingforLatinAmericansisalsoa

universalgreetingform,itdoesnotrequiresuchahighdegreeofrelationalcloseness.However,

gendermattersmoreforthembecausecheck-kissingoftenonlyhappensbetweenwomenoraman

andawomanbutnottwomen.

Incontrast,incertainArabian,African,andAsiancountries,mencanpubliclyholdhands

orshowphysicalaffectionassignsofbrotherhoodorfriendshipwhilethesebehaviorsmaysuggest

aromanticrelationshipinotherpartsoftheworld.Althoughmen'stouchingismorenormalinthese

cultures,physicalcontactbetweenpersonsofoppositesexeswhoarenotfamilymembersis

negativelyperceivedinArabiancountries.

Thesefactorscoulddefinitelyaffectthedegreetowhichsomeoneiscomfortablewithtactile

(觸覺的)communicationandphysicalintimacy.Therefore，ifyouaresomeonewholovestoshow

physicalaffection,youshouldnotbeafraidtoshowitordrasticallychangeyourbehaviors-justask

forconsentbeforehand!

46.Whatdoestheauthorsayinthefirstparagraphaboutphysicalcontact?

A)Itsroleininterpersonalrelationshipsisgettingincreasinglyimportant.

B)Itisbecomingmoreacceptabletomanywhousedtothinkitoffensive.

C)Itsabsencemightsuggestalackofwarmthininterpersonalrelationships.

D)Itmightpromptdifferentresponsesfrompeopleofdifferentsocialbackgrounds.

47.Whatdoesphysicalcontactincommunicationsuggest?

A)Whatsocialclasspeoplebelongto.

B)Howcivilizedthecommunicatorsare.

C)Whatfamilybackgroundpeoplecomefrom.

D)Howclosethecommunicators'relationshipsare.

48.Whatdowelearnaboutpeopleinhigh-contactcultures?

A)Theyaresensitivetothewaypeopleexpresstheiremotions.

B)Theytaketouchingasaculturalnorminsocialinteractions.

C)Theyattachgreatimportancetoclosetiesamongpeople.

D)Theytendtobemoreopenininterpersonalrelationships.

49.WhatdowelearnaboutsocialcustomsinArabiancountries?

A)Mencanshowfriendshipinpublicthroughphysicalaffection.

B)Non-traditionalromanticrelationshipsaresimplyunacceptable.

C)Physicalcontactbetweenunfamiliarpeopleisnegativelyperceived.

D)Peopleofdifferentagesandgendersshowaffectionindifferentways.

50.Whatdoestheauthortellustodoconcerningtactilecommunication?

A)Layemphasisonnonverbalcommunication.

B)Learntouseappropriatebodylanguagefirst.

C)Payattentiontothedifferencesbetweengenders.

D)Takeotherpeople'spreferenceintoconsideration.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Fromclimatechangetotheongoingpandemic(大流行病)andbeyond,theissuesfacing

today'sworldareincreasinglycomplexanddynamic.Yetsolvingproblemsliketheserequiresnew

approachesthatextendbeyondtraditionalwaysofthinking.AstudyledbyYaleProfessorof

Psychology，PaulO'Keefe，foundthathavingagrowthmindset(思維傾向)ofinterestmayspark

thistypeofinnovation.

ProfessorO'Keefeestablishedinearlierstudiesthatpeopleholddifferentbeliefsaboutthe

natureofinterest.Thosewithagrowthmindsetofinteresttendtobelievethatinterestscanbe

developedandcultivated,whilethosewithafixedmindsetofinteresttendtobelievethatinterests

areinherent(與生俱有的)andsimplyneedtobefound.'Buildingonthesefindings,thelatest

researchexaminedhowagrowthmindsetofinterestcanboostintegrativethinkingacrossthe

traditionaldisciplinaryboundariesofartsandsciences.

Forexample,inonetask,researchparticipantswereinstructedtocreatenewcollegemajors

bycombiningtwoormoreexistingacademicArtsorScienceprogramsattheiruniversity.After

codingandanalyzingtheideastheygenerated,theteamfoundthatpeoplewithagrowthmindset

ofinterestweremorelikelytobridgeprogramsacrosstheartsandsciencestocreatenewmajors

likecomputationaleconomicsratherthancreatingmajorsthatdrewfromonlyoneofthoseareas,

likecomputationalchemistry.

AsProfessorO'Keefepointedout,"Thisresearchprovidesausefuldirectionfororganizations

whoseproductsandservicescallforintegratedandcreativesolutions.Takesmartphonesfor

example.Youneednotonlycomputerscienceandengineeringknowledge，butalsoan

understandingofpsychologyandvisualdesigntocreateabetterproduct.Employeeswithagrowth

mindsetmaybemorelikelytodeviseinnovativeideasthatbridgemultipleareasofknowledgeto

achievebettersolutions."

Thebenefitsofagrowthmindsetofinterestmayalsoextendtothoseseekingemployment.

ThisisapressingissuebecausemanypeoplearebecomingunemployedduetotheCOVID-19

pandemic.Havingagrowthmindsetofinterestcanhelpjobseekersexpandtheirinterestsand

becomemoreadaptabletodifferentfields,andtaketheinitiativetolearnnewskills.

51.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheworldtoday?

A)Itfacesproblemsthataregettingmorevariedandcomplicated.

B)Ithasdoneawaywithmanyofthetraditionalwaysofthinking.

C)Itisundergoingradicalandprofoundchanges.

D)Itiswitnessingvarioustypesofinnovations

52.WhatdidProfessorO'Keefefindinhisearlierstudies?

A)People'sintereststendtochangewithage.

B)People'sinterestsdeterminetheirmindsets.

C)Peoplearedividedaboutthenatureofinterest.

D)Peopleofdifferentageshavedifferentmindsets.

53.WhatisthefocusofProfessorO'Keefe'srecentresearch?

A)Howboundariescanberemovedbetweenartsandsciencedisciplines.

B)Howfeasibleitistocreatenewdisciplineslikecomputationaleconomics.

C)Howstudentsinartsandsciencesviewthetwotypesofmindsetofinterest.

D)Howagrowthmindsetofinterestcancontributetocross-disciplinarythinking.

54.Whatdocstheauthorwanttoillustratewiththeexampleofsmartphones?

A)Hi-techproductsareneededininterdisciplinaryresearch.

B)Improvedtechnologygivesbirthtohighlypopularproducts.

C)Makinginnovativeproductsneedsmultidisciplinaryknowledge.

D)Hi-techproductscanboostpeople'sintegrativethinking.

55.Whatistheauthor'ssuggestiontothosewhoareseekingemployment?

A)Learningpracticalskills.

B)Broadeningtheirinterests.

C)Stayingsafeinthepandemic.

D)Knowingtheirpressingissues.

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseinto

English.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

都江堰(Dujiangyan)坐落在成都平原西部的岷江上，距成都市約50公里，始建于公元

前三世紀(jì)。它的獨特之處在于無需用堤壩調(diào)控水流。兩千多年來，都江堰一直有效地發(fā)揮著

防洪與灌溉作用，使成都平原成為旱澇保收的沃土和中國最重要的糧食產(chǎn)地之一，都江堰工

程體現(xiàn)了我國人民與自然和諧共存的智慧，是全世界年代最久、仍在使用、無壩控水的水利

工程。

2021年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題試卷（第3套）答案與解析

PartIWriting

結(jié)構(gòu)框圖：

，、

rO第1段引出話題：介紹舊書回收項目的舉辦者、舉辦時間和參與者。

'、....................................................

I

AReportonthe5:.......................................:

ProjectofUsed-r第2段具體介紹話題的細節(jié)：介紹活動目的，說明活動的具體情況。j

:_____..............---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

BooksCollectingI

1/-----------------------------------------------------------------------

IO：第3段結(jié)尾：補充說明其他情況，提出建議。

、______________________-----------__________

范文點評：

參考范文

AReportontheProjectofUsedBooksCollecting

ToWhomItMayConcern,

[1]Aschoolprojectofcollectingusedbookswasheldlastweekend.Theproject,[2]

organizedbyStudentUnion,targetedmainlyjuniorandseniorstudentsandattractedmany

sophomores,too.13]Thefollowingaresomeofthedetails.

【4】Aimedatraisingstudents1awarenessofrecyclingandhelpingthemdevelopahabit

ofthrifty,[5]theprojectconsistsofthreeactivities.[6]Thefirstoneisbarterinwhichstudents

bringtheirusedbooksinexchangeforbookstheyneed.[7]Thesecondisdonation,inwhich

books,mainlycartoonsandmagazines,aredonatedtoaremoteruralschoollibrary.18]Inthe

thirdactivity,books,mainlyreferenceonesandmaterialsforCET-4,CET-6andgraduateentrance

exam,aregivenawaytostudentsinneedforfree.

[9）Iamveryhappytoreportthatabout500usedbookshavefoundnewreaders,that800

havebeencollectedfortheruralschoollibrary,andthatthenumberofthelatterisstillgrowing.On

thisaccount,[10]Isuggestthatactivitiesofthiskindbeheldonceasemester.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

精彩點評

【1】點出話題：開篇介紹了項目主題以及活動舉行的時間。

［2］介紹活動的組織者及參加者。

［3］引領(lǐng)下段，描述細節(jié)。

【4】點明活動目的：提高學(xué)生的循環(huán)利用意識，幫助他們培養(yǎng)節(jié)儉的習(xí)慣。

［5］交代活動的數(shù)量。

［6］使用Thefirstone引出第一項活動：以物易物。

【7】使用Thesecond引出第二項活動：向一所偏遠的農(nóng)村學(xué)校圖書館捐贈圖書。

【8】使用Inthethirdactivity引出第三項活動：無償轉(zhuǎn)讓一些參考書和考試資料。

［9］結(jié)尾：對活動情況進行總結(jié)。

［10］表達自己對這項活動的建議。

話題詞匯：

second-handbooks二手書dog-eared翻舊了的

best-sellingbooks暢銷書encouragethrift鼓勵節(jié)儉

textbookrecycling教科書循環(huán)利用

theconceptofenergyconservation節(jié)約能源的概念

environment-friendlysociety建設(shè)環(huán)境友好型社會

schoolsinbackwardandimpoverishedareas貧困落后地區(qū)的學(xué)校

greatsocialbenefits良好的社會效益

recycle回收再利用

PartDIReadingComprehension

SectionA

【文章來源】本文選自2020年2月16日刊登在wmv.Ovesc麗ce.co加（生活科學(xué)網(wǎng)站）上的一

篇標(biāo)題為"Canyou'turnoff'anightmare?%《你能"關(guān)掉"噩夢嗎？》）的文章。

【結(jié)構(gòu)框圖】

..._r-O：第1、2段引入話題：人們可以關(guān)掉噩夢嗎？［

本文主要討論了噩夢是］」'

I，1.掌］JL金；第3—6段從研究角度討論此話題，包括清醒地做夢可以控制噩夢，噩夢可能；

八”:是睡眠障礙的癥狀以及如何治療等。：

、____________________________________________________./

【詞性分析】

名詞：A)amount金額；數(shù)量；B)answer答案；回答；G)fear害怕，恐懼；

J)result后果；結(jié)果；K)review評論；報告；N)timidity膽怯

動詞：A)amount總計；等于；B)answer答復(fù)；回答；C)avoid避免；回避；

E)depart離開；離職;G)fear害怕;擔(dān)心；H)limited限制；限定；

J)result(因......)發(fā)生；K)review復(fù)查；回顧；M)tend往往會；傾向

形容詞：D)aware意識到的；察覺到的；H)limited有限的；

I)mechanical機械的；L)rigorous謹(jǐn)慎的；嚴(yán)格的

副詞：F)drastically急劇地；O)typically通常；典型地

答案解析

26.【考點】名詞辨析題。

G)【語法判斷】空格前的結(jié)構(gòu)是befilledwith,因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。

【語義判斷】本句意為：但你仍然充滿--由前一句可知，你知道只是一場噩夢，沒

什么可怕的。本句與前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“害怕”意義的名詞，由此

確定答案為G)fear。N)timidity表示“膽怯"，指缺乏勇氣，與句意不符，因此排除。

27.【考點】動詞辨析題。

C)【語法判斷】空格前的結(jié)構(gòu)是awayto...,結(jié)合下文與空格處構(gòu)成選擇關(guān)系的turnoff,空

格處應(yīng)填入動詞原形。

【語義判斷】本句意為：考慮到噩夢是多么令人不安和揮之不去，做夢的人有沒有辦

法—，甚至在這些糟糕的夢發(fā)生時關(guān)掉它們？空格后的or表示選擇關(guān)系，even表示

程度加深,因此空格處應(yīng)填入與turnoff意義相近的動詞原形，由此確定答案為Qavoido

備選的其他動詞原形的詞義與turnoff無關(guān)，因此排除。

28.【考點】形容詞辨析題。

H)【語法判斷】空格前有s,因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或動詞的-ed形式或-ing形式。

【語義判斷】本句意為：研究是—O本句信息較少，無法直接推斷出答案。根據(jù)后一

分句“但有一些研究表明……”可知，空格處所表達的意思應(yīng)與后一分句成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可

以推出目前的研究還有限，結(jié)合備選形容詞詞義，可確定答案為H)limited。另外幾個

備選詞中，D)aware的主語是人，I)mechanical不能修飾research,rigorous與后面的分

句不能構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故排除。

29.【考點】形容詞辨析題。

D)【語法判斷】空格前有be,因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或動詞的-ed形式或-ing形式。

【語義判斷】本句意為：那些能夠掌握清醒夢的人一一也就是能夠—噩夢正在發(fā)生，

甚至可能在不醒來的情況下控制噩夢。破折號之間的部分是插入語，對前面lucid

dreaming“清醒夢”進行解釋。由此可知，所謂“清醒夢”就是知道噩夢在發(fā)生，因此空格

處應(yīng)填入含有“知道，意識到“意義的形容詞，由此確定答案為D)aware。

30.【考點】名詞辨析題。

B)【語法判斷】空格前有定冠詞the,因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。

【語義判斷】本句意為：那些能夠掌握清醒夢的人一一也就是能夠意識到噩夢正在發(fā)

生，甚至可能在不醒來的情況下控制噩夢一一可能就有—了。本段是對第二段提出

的問題“有沒有方法避免甚至關(guān)掉噩夢？”所做的回答。很明顯，會清醒地做夢的人就可

以關(guān)掉噩夢，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“答案，辦法”意義的名詞，由此確定答案為

B)answer。

31.【考點】副詞辨析題。

O)【語法判斷】空格后面是謂語動詞don'tconsider,因此空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。

【語義判斷】本句意為：醫(yī)生—不認(rèn)為偶爾做噩夢是個問題。前一句提到，噩夢是人

類經(jīng)歷的一部分，后一句提到，它們可能只是睡眠障礙的癥狀。由此可知，在醫(yī)生看

來，噩夢是比較正常的，通常不會是大問題。因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“通?！币饬x的副詞，

由此確定答案為O)typicallyo另外一個備選副詞F)drastically”急劇地”不符合句意，因

此排除。

32.【考點】動詞辨析題。

J)【語法判斷】空格前有情態(tài)動詞can,因此空格處應(yīng)填入動詞原形。

【語義判斷】本句意為：它們可能只是睡眠障礙的癥狀，可能是由不愉快的經(jīng)歷、壓力

或某些藥物o空格所在的that從句是定語從句，修飾sleepdisorder0由句意可知，

that從句里提到的因素可以導(dǎo)致sleepdisorder,因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有“由...引起"意

義的動詞原形，由此確定答案為J)result。備選的其他動詞原形中，除E)depart之外，

其他均不能與介詞fhnn連用，但是departfh)m表示“出發(fā)；違反(常規(guī))”的意思，不

符合句意，因此排除。

33.【考點】形容詞辨析題。

L)【語法判斷】空格后有名詞research,因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞。

【語義判斷】本句意為：為了治療睡眠障礙，有很多得到了研究支撐的藥物和療

法。本題可以用排除法。在備選形容詞中，D)aware不能作名詞的定語，即不能位于名

詞之前，I)mechanical不能修飾research,意義不通，因此排除這兩項。H)limited意思是

“有限的”，與句中anumberof，大量的“相矛盾，因此排除。由此確定本題答案為

L)rigorous,rigorousresearch表示“嚴(yán)格的研究

34.【考點】名詞辨析題。

K)【語法判斷】空格前有形容詞recent,因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。

【語義判斷】本句意為：最近發(fā)表在《臨床睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上的一篇—，分析了關(guān)于

治療噩夢障礙的現(xiàn)有研究。由句意可知，發(fā)表在《臨床睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上的這篇文章是

對現(xiàn)有研究的梳理，在學(xué)術(shù)寫作中，這類文章屬于綜述性質(zhì)，因此空格處應(yīng)填入含有

“綜述”意義的名詞，由此確定答案為K)review。

35.【考點】動詞辨析題。

M)【語法判斷】分析空格所在句的句子成分可知，本句缺少謂語動詞，因此空格處應(yīng)填入

動詞，且能與后面的tohave構(gòu)成todo結(jié)構(gòu)。

【語義判斷】本句意為：我們所知道的就是，人們在睡眠周期的不同時間做不同類型的

噩夢。備選項中符合要求的只有M)tend“往往”使句意通順，故答案為M)。備選的其

他動詞均沒有此含義，而且都不能與todo連用，因此排除。

參考譯文

床單被汗水浸濕了