2021西安市高考英語沖刺選練及答案9

閱讀理解LinusPauling,theonlypersonwhohaswontwoundividedNobelPrizes,wasborninPortland,Oregon.HeattendedWashingtonHewontheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1954forhisresearchintothenatureofthechemicalbondanditsapplicationtotheexplanationofthestructureofcomplexsubstances.Hisinterestinthe“behavior”ofmolecules(分子)ledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistry,especiallyofthehumanbody.Hebeganwithproteinsandtheirmainparts,theaminoacids(氨基酸),whicharecalledthe“buildingblocksoflife”.In1950,heconstructedthefirstsatisfactorymodelofaproteinmolecule,adiscoveryveryimportanttotheunderstandingofthelivingcell.DuringWorldWarⅡ,PaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurity,forwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin1948.However,theuseoftheatomicbombneartheendofthewarturnedPaulinginanewdirection.Havinglongworkedonthestructureofmolecules,hetookanimmediateinterestinthedeadlyeffectsofnuclearfalloutonhumanmolecularstructures.Fromthenon,Paulingprotestedtheproductionofthehydrogenbombsandsupportedthepreventionofthespreadofnuclearweapons.Throughhisefforts,TheNuclear-Test-BanTreaty,declaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundones,cameintoeffectonOctober10,1963,thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace.【文章大意】本文主要介紹了LinusPauling一生的成就及其對世界所做出的杰出貢獻。他是唯一一位兩度獨立獲諾貝爾獎的科學家。1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthatLinusPauling.A.didn’tstudyhardwhileinWashingtonB.istheonlyscientistwhohaswontwoNobelPrizesC.wasoncebadlytreatedinWashingtonD.chosetostudychemicalengineeringtoearnhisliving【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。從第一段最終一句話“Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.”可以得出正確答案為D選項。2.WhichofthefollowingthingsdidPaulingpaymuchattentiontoatfirst?A.The“behavior”ofmolecules.B.Physicalchemistry.C.Biologicalchemistry.D.Thehumanbody.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。從其次段其次句話“Hisinterestinthe‘behavior’ofmoleculesledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistry,especiallyofthehumanbody.”我們可以看出,Pauling的愛好發(fā)生了變化,從physicalchemistry轉到了biologicalchemistry上,所以正確答案為B選項。3.DuringWorldWarⅡ,LinusPauling.A.hadtostophisresearchbecauseofthewarB.madegreatcontributionstothesafetyofthecountryC.joinedthearmytofightforthesafetyofthecountryD.tookpartinresearchingnuclearbombs【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。依據第三段第一句話“DuringWorldWarⅡ,PaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurity,forwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin1948.”可以得出正確答案為B選項。4.Themainideaofthepassageistoshow.A.LinusPauling’sattitudetowardsnuclearweaponsB.LinusPauling’scontributionstotheworldC.LinusPauling’sresearchonthestructureofmoleculesD.LinusPauling’sgettingtheNobelPrizeforPeace【解析】選B。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了LinusPauling一生的成就及其對世界的貢獻,所以應當選擇B選項。閱讀理解。Mr.PeterJohnson,agedtwenty-three,battledforhalfanhourtoescapefromhistrappedcaryesterdaywhenitlandedupsidedowninthreefeetofwater.Mr.Johnsontooktheonlyescaperoute—throughtheboot(行李箱).Mr.Johnson’scarhadfinishedupinaditch(溝渠)atRomneyMarsin,Kentafterskiddingoniceandhittingabank.“Fortunately,thewaterbegantocomeinonlyslowly,”Mr.Johnsonsaid.“Icouldn’tforcethedoorsbecausetheywerejammedagainstthewallsoftheditchanddarednotopenthewindowsbecauseIknewwaterwouldcomefloodingin.”Mr.Johnson,asweetsalesmanofSittingHome,Laterhesaid,“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocketandIusedittounscrew(扭下)thebackseattogetintotheboot.Ihammereddesperatelywithahammertryingtomakesomeonehear,butnohelpcame.”Ittooktenminutestounscrewtheseat,andafurtherfiveminutestoclearthesweetsamplesfromtheboot.ThenMr.Johnsonfoundawrench(扳鉗)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.Fifteenminutespassedby.“ItwastheonlychanceIhad.Finallyitgave,butassoonasImovedthebootlid,thewaterandmudpouredin.Iforcedtheliddownintothemudandscrambled(爬行)clearasthecarfilledup.”Hishandsandarmscutandbruised(擦傷),Mr.JohnsongottoBeckettFarmnearby,wherehewaslookedafterbythefarmer’swife,Mrs.LucyBates.Huddledinablanket,hesaid,“Thatthirtyminutesseemedlikehours.”O(jiān)nlythetipsofthecarwheelswerevisible,policesaidlastnight.Thevehiclehadsunkintotwofeetofmudatthebottomoftheditch.6Whatisthebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticle?A.TheStoryofMr.Johnson,ASweetSalesmanB.CarBootCanServeAsTheBestEscapeRouteC.DriverEscapesThroughCarBootD.TheDriverSurvivedATerribleCarAccident7.WhichofthefollowingobjectsisthemostimportanttoMr.Johnson?A.Thehammer. B.Thecoin.C.Thescrew. D.Thehorn.8.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mr.Johnson’scarstoodonitsbootasitfelldown.B.Mr.Johnsoncouldnotescapefromthedoorbecauseitwasfullofsweetjam.C.Mr.Johnson’scaraccidentwaspartlyduetotheslipperyroad.D.Mr.Johnsonstruggledinthepouringmudasheunscrewedthebackseat.9.“Finallyitgave”(Paragraph5)meansthat_______.A.LuckilythedoorwastornawayintheendB.AtlastthewrenchwentbrokenC.ThelockcameopenafterallhiseffortsD.Thechancewaslostatthelastminute10.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat_______.A.theditchwasalongaquietcountryroadB.theaccidenthappenedonaclearwarmdayC.thepolicehelpedMr.JohnsongetoutoftheditchD.Mr.Johnsonhadatenderwifeandwaswellattended【參考答案】6—10、CBCCA閱讀理解。Whyplaygames?Becausetheyarefun,anda1otmorebesides.Followingtherules,planningyournextmove,actingasateammember…theseareall“game”ideasthatyouwillcomeacrossthroughoutyourlife.Thinkaboutsomeofthegamesyouplayedasayoungchild,suchasrope-jumpingandhide-and-seek.Suchgamesareentertainingandfun.Butperhapsmoreimportantly,theytranslatelifeintoexcitingdramasthatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating(合作).Manychildren’sgameshaveapracticalside.Childrenaroundtheworldplaygamesthatpreparethemforworktheywilldoasgrown-ups.Forinstance,someSaudiArabianchildrenplayagamecalledbones,whichsharpensthehand-eyecoordination（協(xié)調）neededinhunting.Manysportsencouragenationalorlocalpride.Themostfamousgamesofall,theOlympicGames,bringathletesfromaroundtheworldtogethertotakepartinfriendlycompetition.Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthatagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry,notjusttheathletewhoearnedit.Forcountriesexperiencingnaturaldisastersorwar,anOlympicwincanmeansomuch.Sportsarealsoaneventthatunitespeople.Socceristhemostpopularsportintheworld.Peopleonallcontinentsplayit—someforfunandsomeforaliving.NicoletteIribarne,aCaliforniansoccerplayer,hasdiscoveredawaytospreadhopethroughsoccer.Hecreatedafoundationtoprovidepoorchildrenwithnotonlysoccerballsbutalsoapromisingfuture.Nexttimeyouplayyourfavoritegameorsport,thinkaboutwhyyouenjoyit,whatskillsareneeded,andwhethertheseskillswillhelpyouinotheraspectsofyourlife.11.Throughplayinghide-and-seek,childrenareexpectedtolearnto________.A.beateamleaderB.obeythebasicrulesC.actasagrown-upD.predictpossibledanger12TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mostprobablymeansthatgamescan________.A.describelifeinanexcitingway B.turnreal-lifeexperiencesintoaplayC.makelearninglifeskillsmoreinterestingD.changepeople’sviewsofsportingevents13Accordingtothepassage,whyiswinningOlympicmedalssoencouraging?A.Itinspirespeople’sdeeploveforthecountry.B.Itprovestheexceptionalskillsofthewinners.C.Ithelpsthecountryoutofnaturaldisasters.D.Itearnsthewinnersfameandfortune.14Iribarne’sgoalofformingthefoundationisto_______.A.bringfuntopoorkids B.providesoccerballsforchildrenC.givepoorkidsachanceforabetterlife D.appealtosoccerplayerstohelppoorkids15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Gamesbenefitpeoplealltheirlives.B．Sportscangetallathletestogether.C．Peopleareadvisedtoplaygamesforfun.D．Sportsincreaseacountry’scompetitiveness.【參考答案】11—15、BCACA（2022湖北卷）其次節(jié)：短文寫作（共1題；滿分30分）請依據以下提示，并結合具體事例，用英語寫一篇短文。Smallthingsmakeabigdifference.Thesmallthingswedocanmakeusaresponsiblememberofthesociety.留意：①無須寫標題；②除詩歌外，文體不限；③內容必需結合你生活中的具體事例；④文中不得透露個人姓名和學校名稱；⑤詞數(shù)不少于120，如引用提示語則不計入總詞數(shù)?！究键c】考察開放性作文【寫作指導】本文屬于開放性作文，要求我們就：我們做的微小的事情都可以對我們的社會產生很大的影響。告知我們要關注生活中的小事。照舊屬于談論文，可以使用一般現(xiàn)在時和第三人稱。當然也可以寫成記敘文，敘述一件小事讓我們懂得要關注細節(jié)。要點：1.敘述生活中發(fā)生的一件小事；以及這件小事對我們產生的影響。2.說明任何一件小事都會對我們的社會產生很大的影響。告知我們要重視這樣的小事。首先要選擇自己生疏的短語或者句型，在你的力氣范圍之內，選擇句式時要賜予變化，由于這樣你才可以更好的駕馭。同時也要選擇合適的連接詞，把各個要點組織成一個完整的整體，如besides,further,lastbutnotleast等。在發(fā)表個人觀點的時候，可以使用諺語來提升整個文章