2022海淀區(qū)高考英語完形填空和閱理暑假自練(9)及答案

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Wilderness“Inwilderness(荒野)isthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.AsJohnSauvenofGreenpeaceUKpointsout,thereisastrongappealinimagesofthewild,theuntouched;morethananythingelse,theyspeakofthenaturethatmanypeoplevaluemostdearly.Theurgetoleavethesubjectofsuchimagesuntouchedisstrong,andthedangerexploitation(開發(fā))bringstosuchlandscapes(景觀)isreal.Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed—therainforests,forexample,storecarboninvastquantities.ToMr.Sauven,these“ecosystemservices”faroutweighthegainsfromexploitation.LeeLane,avisitingfellowattheHudsonInstitute,takestheopposingview.Heacknowledgesthatwildernessesdoprovideusefulservices,suchaswaterconservation.Butthatisnot,heargues,areasontoavoidallhumanpresence,orindeedcommercialandindustrialexploitation.ThereareevermorepeopleontheEarth,andtheyreasonablyandrightfullywanttohavebetterlives,ratherthanmerelystruggleforsurvival.Whilethewaysofusingresourceshaveimproved,thereisstillagrowingneedforrawmaterials,andsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.Iftheycanbetappedwithoutreducingtheservicesthosewildernessesprovide,theargumentgoes,thereisnofurtherreasonnottodoso.Beinguntouchedisnot,initself,acharacteristicworthvaluingaboveallothers.Ilookforwardtoseeingtheseviewstakenfurther,andtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.Onechallengethatsuggestsitselftomeisthatbothcasesneedtotakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluealittlemoredirectly.Andthereisapracticalquestionastowhetherwildernessescanbeexploitedwithoutharm.Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelings,butalsotheguidanceofreason.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworldobviouslydeservesmuchmoreseriousthinking.1.JohnSauvenholdsthat.A.manypeoplevaluenaturetoomuchB.exploitationofwildernessesisharmfulC.wildernessesprovidehumanswithnecessitiesD.theurgetodeveloptheecosystemservicesisstrong2.WhatisthemainideaofPara.3?A.Theexploitationisnecessaryforthepoorpeople.B.Wildernessescannotguaranteebetteruseofrawmaterials.C.Usefulservicesofwildernessesarenotthereasonfornoexploitation.D.Allthecharacteristicsconcerningtheexploitationshouldbetreatedequally.3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.Objective.B.Disapproving.C.Sceptical.D.Optimistic.4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))C:Conclusion【參考答案】1—4、BCAD【山東省濰坊市2022高考英語一模試題】完形填空。閱讀下列短文，把握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Therearemanytaxidriversinourcity．Theyoftenliketochatwithpassengersto11timewhenthetaxisarecaughtintrafficjams．Theotherday，Iwenthomebytaxi．KnowingIwasastudent，thedrivertoldmethathewasonceastudenttwentyyearsago．12，hisfamilycouldnotaffordtheschoolfees，sohedroppedoutofschoolatanearlyage．He13metoworkhardandgotoagoodcollege．Iwasmovedbyhiskindness，butwhatreallyimpressedmenextwashis14．Afterarrivinghome，IsoonrealizedthatIhad15mycellphoneinthetaxi．Greatlyworried，Iimmediatelycalledmynumber，16thedriverwouldanswer．Thencamethedriver's17fromtlleotherend．Hetoldmehehadbeen18mycallandthathewouldgladlyreturnmyphonewherehedroppedmeoffearlierthatday．Thankstothedriver，Igotmyphone19．Ibelievehonestyisoneofthegreatest20apersonshouldhave．Thankyoueverso11．A．haveB．killC．spendD．1ive12．A．UnfortunatelyB．UnusuallyC．AbsolutelyD．Accurately13．A．persuadedB．orderedC．requiredD．encouraged14．A．modestyB．a(chǎn)bilityC．honestyD．security15．A．forgottenB．placedC．leftD．dropped16．A．beggingB．prayingC．thinkingD．saying17．A．whisperB．noiseC．soundD．voice18．A．makingB．expectingC．refusingD．fearing19．A．overB．throughC．backD．a(chǎn)cross20．A．a(chǎn)dvantagesB．a(chǎn)chievementsC．qualitiesD．images【參考答案】11—20、BADCCBDBCC第1模塊完形填空模塊導(dǎo)讀（5）探究點(diǎn)四句子、句組和語篇的層次完形填空題設(shè)空的答案有的由一個(gè)句子打算，有的由相鄰不遠(yuǎn)的一組句子打算，還有的由語篇內(nèi)容綜合打算。因此，完形填空設(shè)空分為句子層次、句組層次和語篇層次。設(shè)空的難度，從句子層次到句組層次，再到語篇層次，依次遞增。1．句子層次完形填空的設(shè)空答案由一個(gè)句子打算。其所供應(yīng)的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往在語法上都能成立，但從語境來看，卻只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)是最合適的。例1Icouldhardlywaitforhimtoopenuphisgift.Infact,Ibarelysleptthenightbefore.Uponawakening,Iwenttothekitchento________thecoffee,teaandmorninggoodies.A．startB．CookC．setD．serve【解析】Acook(烹調(diào))與后面的賓語coffee和tea不搭配，它可以與breakfast搭配；set(擺放)，serve(端飯菜)都必需有服務(wù)對(duì)象，通過對(duì)全段的理解可知我一早就去廚房，此時(shí)家里其他人都還沒起床；start(開頭動(dòng)手)正說明一開頭的狀況。例2Forhours,thesecretarytooknonoticeofthem,hopingthatthecouplewouldfinallybecome________andgoaway.A．surprisedB．disappointedC．worriedD．troubled【解析】B依據(jù)句子中的tooknonotice和goaway可以推斷出答案。例3Iwouldgotothepileoflettersmarkedwith“Funny”ifweneededa“________”，or...A．CryB．LaughC．ChatD．Sigh【解析】B依據(jù)“Funny”可以推斷出答案。2．句組層次完形填空題有的設(shè)空僅僅依據(jù)一個(gè)句子往往解決不了問題，必需聯(lián)系上下句，甚至更多的句子才能得出答案。有的試題需要考生越過句子，甚至是段落來進(jìn)行理解和推斷。句組層次的題型，比句子層次的在難度上提高了。例4AndtheyaskedwhyIwouldriskeverythingforadream.Imademy__1__tostartmyowncompanyandleavemysecurepositionafter__2__aregionalsalesmeeting.Thevicepresidentofourcompanydelivereda__3__thatchangedmylife.Heaskedus,“Ifagodwouldofferyouthreewishes,whatwouldtheybe？”Aftergivingusamomenttowritedownthethreewishes,hethenaskedus,“Whydoyouneedagod？”IwouldneverforgetthepowerIfeltatthatmoment.1．A.planB．PromiseC．decisionD．mind2．A.attendingB．JoiningC．enteringD．holding3．A.newspaperB．BookC．reportD．speech【解析】1.C從空后的tostartmyowncompanyandleavemysecure(無憂無慮的)position我們知道這是作者作出的“打算”。2．A從空后的aregionalsalesmeeting我們知道作者是參與會(huì)議。3．D從Heaskedus,“Ifagodwouldofferyouthreewishes,whatwouldtheybe？”以及后文我們知道，他作的是一個(gè)“演講”，而不是作報(bào)告。3．語篇層次完形填空的設(shè)空答案若從單句或局部來分析，所給的四個(gè)答案在語法或結(jié)構(gòu)上都是正確的，若統(tǒng)觀全篇，則只有一個(gè)是正確的。語篇層次是完形填空命題的較高層次，這個(gè)層次的題難度較大，做題時(shí)需要具備很強(qiáng)的閱讀理解力氣以及規(guī)律推理、分析推斷的力氣。例5DearLaura，Ijustheardyoutellanoldstoryofgiftgivingandunselfishloveinyourprogram.Youdoubtedthatsuchunselfishlovewouldhappenintoday’sworld.Well,I’mheretogiveyou________....SoIwantedyoutoknow,thatkindoflovestillexistsandlivesevenintheeverchangingworldofme,me,me!Ithoughtyou’dlovetosharethisstory.A．hopeB．AdviceC．supportD．courageYours，Hilary【解析】AYoudoubtedthatsuchunselfishlovewouldhappenintoday’sworld.這句話正體現(xiàn)作者要說明的中心是unselfishlove(無私的愛),而信的結(jié)尾又作了確定回答thatkindoflovestillexistsandlivesevenintheeverchangingworldofme,me,me！首尾呼應(yīng)，中心明確。把握住這個(gè)中心，對(duì)選出正確選項(xiàng)極有掛念。本小題在第一段中體現(xiàn)出對(duì)全文的概括，文中的you持懷疑態(tài)度，作者當(dāng)然不行能support(支持)、courage(鼓舞)；advice(勸告)是在對(duì)方?jīng)]方法的狀況下發(fā)出的；hope(期望)正是針對(duì)懷疑而來，作者在下文中用事實(shí)給you以“期望”，打消you的懷疑。例6FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthe________andhavemadeuptheirmindstoringthebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotestagainstheavytruckswhichrundayandnightthroughthenarrowHighStreet....“Notreally，”shesaid,“actuallyweareproperbellringers.Imeanweareassistantbellringersforthechurch...Ileftthechurchwiththesoundofthebellsringinginmyears.”A．collegeB．villageC．townD．church【解析】D該題答案提示始終到最終(Imeanweareassistantbellringersforthechurch...Ileftthechurchwiththesoundofthebellsringinginmyears.)才毀滅，答案選D。閱讀理解。WhenmilkarrivedonthedoorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthen,thebuttermilkwouldmagically(魔術(shù)般)appear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(門廊).Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.本文敘述了自己小時(shí)候與送奶人之間的故事。Basille先生不僅是送奶的，而且和他的家人建立了親熱的關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在大公司開頭大量生產(chǎn)奶，處處