Part-1-Reading-and-Thinking(解析版)(人教版2019選擇性必修第一冊)

Unit3

FascinatingParksPart1ReadingandThinking課前積累課前積累英漢互譯________給……留下印象；使銘記________鼓舞，激勵adopt________patience________________聯(lián)系，聯(lián)想，聯(lián)合________v.贈送；頒發(fā)；提交；展現(xiàn)adj.當(dāng)前的；出席的，在場的n.禮物，禮品surround________________vt.覆蓋；掩蔽包含；涉及n.掩蔽物，覆蓋物；封面absorb________________取得，達(dá)到，完成答案自查答案自查1.impress2.inspire3.采用（某方法）；收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)4.耐心，忍耐力5.associate6.present7.圍繞，包圍8.cover9.吸收；吞并；理解10.achieve課后培課后培優(yōu)練級練培優(yōu)第一階——基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練I.單詞拼寫1．Inmyopinion,smokingshouldbecompletelyb_______becauseitiscloselyrelatedtolungcancer.【答案】banned2．It’sav__________city,butthehistoriccenterisquitesmall.【答案】vast3．Allschoolsinourprovincea________newEnglishtextbookstoimprovestudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilitiesthreeyearsago.【答案】adopted4．Dinnerwillbeacoldb________,notasit-downmeal.【答案】buffet5．Ashighschoolstudents,wemustspendthev________majorityofourtimeinclassandreadingbooks.【答案】vast6．Underthenewcurriculumstandard,ourteachershave________(采用)thenewmethodofteaching.【答案】adopted7．Smokingshouldbe________(禁止，取締)incars,andparticularlyanyvehiclewithchildreninit.【答案】banned8．Inthepandemicerawhenpeoplehavetowearfacemasks,theonly________(可見的)partsoffacesareeyes.【答案】visible9．Astheyhadnochildrenoftheirown,they(收養(yǎng))anorphan.【答案】adopted10．Recentlymanyseniorstudentslivearoundtheschool,a________(陪伴)bytheirparentorgrandparent.【答案】accompaniedII.短語填空cometomind

atpeacewith

leavebehind

usedto

inordertofeelblessed

onthemove

pickup

feedon

behometo1．I

_____________tohave

such

good

friends.

I

am

really

content

with

my

life.2．When

youthink

of

animals

that

sing,

birds

willcertainly_____________.

Whales

might,

too.3．Shedecidedto___________thehousefromthetopdownbecauseitwasinamess.4．Butterflies

_____________

a

sweet

liquid

produced

by

flowers.5．AttheWorldPeaceConference,Chinaexpresseditswillingnesstobe___________allcountries.6．Onthe

wide

plain,hundreds

of

animals______________,

wasdifficulttocountthemclearly.7．Teamwork

is

required

________________

achieve

these

aims.8．Atpresent,thelake________________

manyvariouskindsofrarebirds.9．They'relookingbackandtryingtounderstandthesignificanceoftheirexperienceandwhatthey’ll___.10．She

_____________

work

for

me,

but

our

situationsare

now

reversed.【答案】1．feelblessed2．cometomind3．pickup4．feedon5．a(chǎn)tpeacewith6．onthemove7．inorderto8．ishometo9．leavebehind10．usedtoIII.單句語法填空1．Ishallbepleasedtogo,ifyouwill_____(accompany)me.【答案】accompany【詳解】考查動詞。句意：如果你愿意陪我，我很樂意去。if從句中的will是情態(tài)動詞，后接動詞原形。故填accompany。2．Wefoundthefilmharmful,soweorderedit____(ban).【答案】banned【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這部電影有害，所以下令禁播。句中ordered為謂語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫非謂語動詞。it指代前文的film，與ban之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該使用過去分詞。ban為動詞，意為“禁止”，過去分詞為banned。故填banned。3．Sofarthelocalgovernment________newpolicieswhichaimtoreduceairpollutionandthey’veprovedeffective.(adopt)【答案】hasadopted【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，當(dāng)?shù)卣呀?jīng)采取了旨在減少空氣污染的新政策，這些政策被證明是有效的。根據(jù)時間狀語Sofar可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是名詞單數(shù)government，助動詞用has。故填hasadopted。4．Whenthestarsareout,theyare________(invisible).【答案】visible【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：星星出來了，就看得見它們了。根據(jù)句意和提示詞可知，應(yīng)填提示詞的反義詞visible，作表語，表示“看得見的”。故填visible。5．AverybeautifultownBravuogninSwitzerlandhasbannedtourists________takingphotosinordertogetholidaymakers(度假者)totakeabreakfromsocialmedia.【答案】from【詳解】考查介詞。句意：瑞士一個非常美麗的小鎮(zhèn)Bravuogn已經(jīng)禁止游客拍照，以便讓度假者暫時脫離社交媒體。根據(jù)句意及空格前動詞ban，可知此處考查動詞短語bansb.fromdoingsth.(禁止某人做某事)。故填from。6．Thechangingvividcolorsofthesunsetarereally________(fascinate).【答案】fascinating【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：日落變幻的鮮艷色彩真是迷人。根據(jù)句意和句中are可知，空格處應(yīng)用形容詞，在句中作表語，fascinate意為“使著迷”，動詞詞性，表示事物的特征應(yīng)用形容詞fascinating，意為“迷人的”。故填fascinating。7．Thereisaninfinitelybrightfuture________(head)ofus.【答案】ahead【詳解】考查副詞。句意：我們前面有無限光明的未來。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處是固定短語aheadof“在……前面，早于”。故填ahead。8．Thearticle_______(accurate)reflectspublicopinion.【答案】accurately【詳解】考查副詞。句意：這篇文章準(zhǔn)確地反映了民意。修飾后文動詞reflect應(yīng)用副詞accurately，作狀語。故填accurately。9．Thesecarsarenolonger_______(fashion)amongtheyoung.【答案】fashionable【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這些汽車在年輕人中已不再流行了。句中用形容詞形式作表語。根據(jù)句意和英文提示，故填fashionable。10．Heis________(adore)forhisdevotiontoscience.【答案】adorable【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他對科學(xué)的獻(xiàn)身精神令人敬佩。根據(jù)空前“is”為系動詞可知，所填空應(yīng)是形容詞作表語?！癮dore”，動詞，意為“喜愛；熱愛”，其形容詞為“adorable”，意為“可愛的；可敬重的”，符合句意。故填adorable。11．TheAmbassadorrefusedtogiveanyinterviewsto________(journal).【答案】journalists【詳解】考查名詞。句意：大使拒絕接受記者的采訪。根據(jù)句意以及空格前的giveanyinterviewsto(givesthtosb.)可知，此處應(yīng)用表示“人”的名詞journalist，作賓語，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填journalists。12．Toour_______(amuse),theboyactedanoldwoman.【答案】amusement【詳解】考查名詞。句意：使我們發(fā)笑的是，那男孩扮演了一個老婦人。toone's+n.令某人……的是。根據(jù)句意，故填amusement。IV.翻譯句子1.這兩年新冠病毒改變了我們的生活，期間有些地方的學(xué)生不得不采用線上學(xué)習(xí)的方式。(adopt)【答案】Covid-19hasbeenchangingourlifeinthepasttwoyears,duringwhichstudentsinsomeareashavetoadoptonlinelearning.2．聽到這話，我抬頭望著藍(lán)天和浩瀚的大海。【答案】Hearingthis,Ilookedupattheblueskyandthevastsea.3．天氣允許的話，明天我們就出發(fā)。(permit)【答案】Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtosetouttomorrow.V.課文語法填空Iwakeuptothesoundofthewind.Eventhoughthesunis1_(bright)shining,tellingwhetherit'smorningornight2_(be)impossible.I'mabovetheArcticCircle,3_insummerthesunneversets.Ileavemytentandwalkovertothemountainedge.Sarek’smountainsusedto4(cover)byvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisice5(melt),leavingbehindabout100glaciers.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparktokeepthelandinits6(nature)state.Allnew7_(develop)isbannedwithinparkboundaries.Afterbreakfast,Ipackmybagandsetoutagain.Itwillbefullofsweatandhardwork8_(reach)mydestination.9_,Ican'tcomplain.Breathingthefreshairandenjoyingthisgreatadventuremakemefeel10_(bless).Whatcouldbebetter?1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.【答案及詳解】1.brightly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞來修飾后面的shining。2．is考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析全文的時態(tài)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主句中動名詞短語作主語，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填is。3．where考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為theArcticCircle，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where。4．becovered考查非謂語動詞。usedtodo．．．意為“過去常常做”，且mountains與cover之間是被動關(guān)系，故填becovered。5．melted考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語Around9,000yearsago可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。6.natural考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞，修飾后面的名詞state，故填natural。7．development考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處前為形容詞new，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞，故填development。8．toreach考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中It作形式主語，后面應(yīng)用不定式短語toreachmydestination作真正的主語。9．However考查副詞。此處表示到達(dá)目的地需要付出汗水和努力。然而，“我”不會抱怨。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填However。10．blessed考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處前為系動詞feel，故后面應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。能力提升練培優(yōu)第二階——拓展培優(yōu)練閱讀理解ATheprotectedlandsoftheNationalParksaresomeofthemostamazingdestinationswithintheUnitedStatestoviewsomespectacularpiecesofnature.Manyoftheseparkshavefunfamily-friendlyactivities,makingthemgreatdestinationsforholidaysandsummerbreak.

OlympicNationalPark,WAOlympicNationalParkisagreatdestinationforfamiliestoexplorethewildbeauty.Atthispark,visitorswillfindbeautifulbeaches,arainforest,mountainsandmore.Childrenwilllovethewildcoastline,withamazingbeaches,andalotoffascinatingsealife.Thewholefamilywilllovethemanyhikingtrails,thewildbeautyofthebeachesthroughoutthepark,andthewildlifewithintheforestandmountains.YellowstoneNationalPark,WYYellowstoneNationalParkisthenation'sfirstnationalpark.VisitorscanstartatoneoftheVisitorCenterstolearnabouttheabundantwildlifeofYellowstone.Childrenwilllovekeepinganeyeoutforelkandbisonwhiledrivingandhikingthroughthepark.CapeHatterasNationalSeashore,NCLocatedonNorthCarolina'sOuterBanks,theCapeHatterasNationalSeashoreisanamazingdestinationforrecreating,relaxingandmuchmore.Theseashorehasmanybeautifulbeachesforthewholefamilytoexploreandenjoy.Visitorscanspendvacationtimesearchingforshells,birding,kayaking,hikingandmore.TheOuterBanksarealsoanexcellentspottogowindsurfing,especiallyonHatterasIsland.GlacierNationalPark,MTGlacierNationalParkwasthetenthnationalparkcreatedinthenation.TheparkoffersvisitorstheopportunitytoexploretheamazingwildernessofMontana,throughbiking,hiking,camping,backpacking,boatingandmore.Thebesttimeofyeartovisitistheearlysummer,theregionissnowyinthewinterandhotinthesummer.1．WhatcanyoudoinOlympicNationalPark?A．Visittheparkbycar. B．Goboatinginthepark.C．Takeacamptripthere. D．Enjoyattractivesealife.2．WhichnationalparkhasthelongesthistoryinAmerica?A．OlympicNationalPark. B．YellowstoneNationalPark.C．CapeHatterasNationalSeashore. D．GlacierNationalPark.3．WhatdoOlympicNationalParkandCapeHatterasNationalSeashorehaveincommon?A．Bothhavebeautifulbeaches. B．Bothofferbird-watching.C．Bothareinthesameisland. D．Bothprovidewindsurfing.【答案】1．D2．B3．A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。國家公園的保護(hù)區(qū)是美國境內(nèi)一些最令人驚嘆的景點，可以觀賞到一些壯觀的自然景觀。文章主要介紹了美國四個著名的國家公園。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Atthispark,visitorswillfindbeautifulbeaches,arainforest,mountainsandmore.Childrenwilllovethewildcoastline,withamazingbeaches,andalotoffascinatingsealife.可知在這個公園里，游客會發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗的海灘、雨林、山脈等等。孩子們會喜歡自然的海岸線，令人驚嘆的海灘，和許多迷人的海洋生物。由此可知，你能在奧林匹克國家公園享受迷人的海洋生活。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中YellowstoneNationalParkisthenation'sfirstnationalpark.可知黃石國家公園是美國第一個國家公園。由此可知，黃石國家公園是美國歷史最悠久的國家公園。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第二段中Atthispark,visitorswillfindbeautifulbeaches,arainforest,mountainsandmore.可知在這個公園里，游客會發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗的海灘、雨林、山脈等等。以及倒數(shù)第二段中LocatedonNorthCarolina'sOuterBanks,theCapeHatterasNationalSeashoreisanamazingdestinationforrecreating,relaxingandmuchmore.可知位于北卡羅來納州的外海岸，哈特拉斯角國家海灘是一個令人驚嘆的目的地，娛樂，放松和更多。由此可知，奧林匹克國家公園和哈特拉斯角國家海岸共同之處在于都有美麗的海灘。故選A。閱讀理解BAthemeparkmanagerhasthejobofwatchingoverandcontrollingthedailyoperationsofthethemepark.Oneoftheirmostimportantjobsistomanagethevisitors’experience.Thiscanincludeeverythingfromtheappearanceoftheparktothehoursofoperation.Athemeparkmanageralsomakesplansanddevelopsstrategies（策略）toensurethehealthandsafetyofvisitors.Tohelpkeepvisitorssatisfied,heusuallysetscustomerservicepolices（政策）thatshowhowemployeesshouldtreatvisitorsandrespondtotheirneeds.Often,themeparkmanagersmakedecisionsregardingthemeparkpolicies.Forexample,themanagerofathemeparkmayhavetodecidewhentheparkopensandclosesdaily.Hemayalsochoosewhentheparkwillopenandclosefortheseason.Iftheweatherturnsterrible,themanageroftenhastodecidewhetherornottoopentheparkfortheday.Apersoninthispositionmayalsoberesponsibleformakingpoliciesonwhenavisitorcangetarefund（退款）ordiscountonhisadmissionfee.Theamusementsinathemeparkhavetobemaintained（保養(yǎng)）inordertoensuretheystayingoodworkingordertoensuretheystayingoodworkingorder.Athemeparkmanagertypicallycarriesoutaroutineinspection.Theindividualwhoholdsthispositionalsocreatesplansandstrategiesfordealingwithemergencies.Hemayalsowatchoversecurityworkerswhohelpkeeptheparksafeforvisitors.Somethemeparkmanagersalsohavethejobofstayingabreastofchangesinthethemeparkindustryandknowingwhatthepark’scompetitorsaredoing.Theinformationthemanagergetsthroughtheseeffortsoftenhelpshimdecidewhentomakeimprovementsandhowtokeeptheparkcompetitive.Theextent（范圍）ofathemeparkmanager’sjobmaydependonthesizeofthepark.Inasmallpark,hemaycloselywithhisemployees.Inalargepark,hemayworktosetpolicesandthendependonothermanagersordepartmentheadstocarrythemout.Whatheneedstodoiswatchoverthesemanagers.4．Whatmightbeathemeparkmanager’smostimportantjob?A．Tomakesuretheparkgetsregularimprovements.B．Tomaketheparkworkersperformtheirjobswell.C．Toensurethevisitorshaveasatisfyingexperience.D．Toensurethecustomersservicepoliciesworkwell.5．Thedecisionsmadebythemeparkmanagersusuallydependon_________.A．customers’needs.B．themeparkpolicies.C．thesizeofthepark.D．weatherconditions.6．Theunderlinedphrase“stayingabreastof”inParagraph4probablymean“_____”.A．knowingabout B．bringingaboutC．callingfor D．gettingusedto7．Thewriterdevelopsthepassageby________.A．tellingstories B．givingexamplesC．makingcomments D．makingcomparison【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要向讀者介紹主題公園管理者的職責(zé)，工作范圍等等，讓讀者對主題公園管理這一工作有更好的認(rèn)識。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的句子Oneoftheirmostimportantjobsistomanagethevisitors‘experience.他們最重要的工作之一是管理游客的旅游經(jīng)歷?？芍黝}公園管理者最重要的工作可能是讓游客由一段滿意的經(jīng)歷。故選C。5．推斷判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句Often,themeparkmanagersmakedecisionsregardingthemeparkpolicies.“主題公園管理者通常要對主題公園的政策做一些決定?！苯Y(jié)合下文舉的例子，主題公園在特定的季節(jié)，特定的日子何時開門何時關(guān)門，以及如果天氣糟糕，他還得決定是否開門。可推斷主題公園管理者在做決定是通常要依賴天氣條件。故選D。6．詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系下半句…knowingwhatthepark’scompetitorsaredoing.“知道公園的競爭者們都在做什么”，可知主題公園的管理者需要知道主題公園行業(yè)的變化。故這里knowingabout符合句意。故選A。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者介紹主題公園管理者的每項職責(zé)之后都有舉例子，再結(jié)合文章中的一些關(guān)鍵詞Forexample等，故選B。七選五Withthesummerholidayjustaroundthecomer,itseemslikeeverybodyisbusyplanningtheirvacations.Herearesomelipsthatcanhelpyouenjoyyourholidaywithoutemptyingyourpocket:Traveloff-seasonGotoyourdesireddestinationwhilethedemandislowandtakeadvantageofhugediscounts.Duringthepeakseason,thehotelandflightpricesincreasequickly,andyou’lllikelyspendmoreofyourvacationtimestandinginlineduetotherushoftourists.____8____EatlikealocalWhyeatatbigchainrestaurantswhenyoucanexperiencesomethingnew?____9____Duringyourfamilytrip,trynewfoodwherethelocalseat.Thiswillnotjustsavemoney,butalsoprovideyouwithanewanddifferentexperience.Forsmallermealsandsnacks,avoidrestaurantsandtrystreetfoodorothertakeout.____10____Websitescanhelpyoufinddiscounthotelrooms.Lookforplacesthatdonotchargeextraforchildreniftheyusetheexistingbedding.Staywiththelocals.Ifyouandyourfamilyaregoingto8tayforalongerperiod，rentingasmallapartmentisagoodchoice.Chooselocaltransportation____11____Instead,takebuses,railwaysorsubways,whicharealwayscheaper.Ifyouareplanningtostayforawhile,youcanconsiderrentingacar.Hiringacarismucheasierthancarryingyourbagseverywhereifyouaremovingaroundalot.Don’thesitatetobargainTourist-heavyplacesareknownforoverchargingforjustabouteverything.Clothes,travelgoodies,souvenirs,etc.areveryexpensiveattheseplaces.____12____Bargainhardtogetthebestprice.A．Saveonhotels.B．SurftheInternetwhiletraveling.C．Soit’sbesttofindoutwhentheoff-seasonstarts.D．Therefore,avoidbuyinganythingthere.E．Planningyourmealsisanotherwaytoreduceyourtravelcosts.F．Forthisreason,youshouldn’tfeelashamedtoaskforbargains.G．Asatourist,avoidtakingtaxiswheneverpossible,sincetheyareexpensive.【答案】8．C9．E10．A11．G12．F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了暑假出行時既能享受快樂假期，又能夠在吃、住、行等方面節(jié)省開支的幾條建議。8．根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Traveloff-season“旅游淡季”可知，選項是對本文的總結(jié)。故C選項“最好是搞清楚淡季從什么時候開始。”切題。故選C項。9．根據(jù)第二段介紹在吃的方面節(jié)省開支。不要去選擇大的連鎖餐館，而要去嘗試一下當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?，這也是另一個減少旅行開支的辦法。故E選項“計劃你的飲食是另一種減少你的旅行成本的方法?！逼鸬娇傉f的作用。故選E項。10．此處是小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)全段內(nèi)容可知網(wǎng)站可以幫你找到打折的酒店房間。尋找那些不用為孩子們額外收費的地方，如果他們使用現(xiàn)有的床上用品的話。和當(dāng)?shù)厝舜粼谝黄稹Ｈ绻愫湍愕募胰艘「L的時間，租一個小公寓是一個不錯的選擇，可確定話題為住宿。故A選項“在住宿上節(jié)省”切題。故選A項。11．根據(jù)下文相反，乘坐公共汽車、鐵路或地鐵，它們總是更便宜。本句后緊接著一個instead，轉(zhuǎn)移話題做對比，在出行方面，避免乘坐出租車，而要選擇更便宜的公交車、地鐵等方式。故G選項“作為一名游客，盡量避免乘坐出租車，因為它們很貴”切題。故選G項。12．根據(jù)上文旅游景點漫天要價是出了名的，衣服，旅游產(chǎn)品，紀(jì)念品等在這些地方都很貴。選項承接上文，基于此應(yīng)該做什么。故F選項“基于此，不要羞于砍價，要努力砍到最合適的價錢。”切題。故選F項。培優(yōu)第三階——高考沙場點兵閱讀理解A（2019·北京·三模）OnthebanksofTanzania’sLakeEyasilivestheworld’slasthunter-gatherertribe(部落)—theHadza.Theydon’tgrowfood,raiseanimalsorbuildhouses.Insteadtheylivealifeunchangedformorethantenthousandyears.Theirworldisoneofcompletefreedom—somethingmodernsocietycanbarelyimagineandisunlikelytoeverexperience,letalonehavetheskillstostayalive.Textmessagesandphonecallsdon’texist.Nordocarsandelectricity.Nojobs,timetables,andsocialstructures.Nolaws,taxesandunbelievably,nomoney—theclosestthingtocurrency(交易)isthetradeforapairofshortswithaneighboringtribe.WespentourtimewiththeHadzahuntingbaboons(狒狒),adailyactivityforthemen.Theirlandispackedwithsharpbushes,poisonoussnakesandman-eatinglions.Butasuccessfulhuntingtripisthedifferencebetweeneatingorgoinghungry.TheHadzadietconsistsmainlyofhoney,fruitandmeat.Menoftenhuntinpairstoshootanimalswithbowsandarrows.TheHadzashowushowtotrackanimals,frombaboonstosnakestolions.Theyarehugelyskilledwiththeirhandmadebowsandarrows—wehaveagoandbarelygetthearrowtogothreefeetinfrontofus.ThelanguageoftheHadzaisbelievedtobetheoldeststill-spokenlanguageknowntoman.TheHadzadon’thaveconflict,andhavenomemoryofstarvation.Theirpopulationneverreachesnumbersthatcannotbesupportedthroughhuntingorgathering.Theynevergetfromtheirlandmorethantheyneed.Unlikemodern-dayofficeworkers,theHadzaenjoyanextraordinaryamountoffreetime.Their“work”—huntingforfood—takesuparoundfivehoursoftheirday.They’vebeeninsuchastateofpeacefulexistenceforthousandsofyears.1．WecanlearnfromthetextthattheHadza_______.A．leadaverysimplelifeB．liveontraditionalagricultureC．havetheirownsystemofcurrencyD．showalotofinterestinnewtechnology2．WhichofthefollowingcandescribetheHadza’senvironment?A．Stressful.B．Comfortable.C．Exciting.D．Dangerous.3．TherelationshipbetweentheHadzaandnature_______.A．isgoingwrongB．isfullofconflictC．isinperfectharmonyD．ischangingallthetime4．WhydoestheauthorcometovisittheHadza?A．Tostudytheirnativelanguage.B．Togettoknowtheirwayoflife.C．Tolearnsurvivalskillsfromthem.D．Topersuadethemtoprotectanimals.【答案】1．A2．D3．C4．B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長期以來過著平和的生活。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一和第二段中的“Insteadtheylivealifeunchangedformorethantenthousandyears.Textmessagesandphonecallsdon’texist.Nordocarsandelectricity.Nojobs,timetables,andsocialstructures.Nolaws,taxesandunbelievably,nomoney—theclosestthingtocurrency(交易)isthetradeforapairofshortswithaneighboringtribe.”可知，他們過著一萬年不變的生活……短信和電話根本不存在。汽車和電力也沒有。沒有工作、時間表和社會結(jié)構(gòu)。沒有法律、稅收。難以置信的是，沒有錢。由此可以推知，theHadza過著非常簡單的生活。A選項正確。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theirlandispackedwithsharpbushes,poisonoussnakesandman-eatinglions”可知，他們的土地上滿是鋒利的灌木叢，毒蛇和食人獅。由此可知，他們的環(huán)境非常危險。故選D.3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“TheHadzadon’thaveconflict,andhavenomemoryofstarvation.Theirpopulationneverreachesnumbersthatcannotbesupportedthroughhuntingorgathering.Theynevergetfromtheirlandmorethantheyneed.”可知，哈扎人沒有沖突，也沒有饑餓的記憶。它的人口從未達(dá)到通過狩獵或采集無法維持的數(shù)量。他們從自己的土地上得到的東西從來不超過他們所需要的。由此可知，他們和自然和諧相處。故C選項正確。4．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長期以來過著平和的生活。由文章的主要內(nèi)容可以推知，作者來參觀theHadza就是為了了解他們的生活方式。故選B.閱讀理解B（2019·云南昆明·一模）Findingamountaingoatrestinghighonacliff(懸崖)mightthrillmanyofthemillionsoftouristswhovisitWyoming’sGrandTetonNationalParkeveryyear,butparkofficialssayitmightbetimeforthebeardedanimalstogo.Theproblem,accordingtothepark,isthatGrandTeton’s100orsomountaingoatsthreatenabout80bighornsheep.Thebighornsheepnumberedasmanyas125justafewyearsago.Thestronggoatsspreaddiseaseandcompetewithbighornsheepforfood.Unlikesmall-sizedbighornsheep,GrandTeton’smountaingoatsaren’tnativetothepark.Theywereintroducedtotheparkinthe1960s.GrandTetonspokeswomanDeniseGermannsaid,“We’vegotamanagementresponsibilitytoprotectthenativespecies.Afterhearingfromthepublicontheproposal(建議)inJanuary,parkofficialsexpecttodecideassoonasmid-Februaryonwhattodoaboutthemountaingoats.”Thegoatsarereproducingrapidly.Nowmightbethebesttimetoreduc