專(zhuān)題05 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法歸納【知識(shí)清單】（導(dǎo)練版）

PAGE2025學(xué)年七年級(jí)上期中考點(diǎn)大串講（仁愛(ài)科普版）專(zhuān)題05重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法歸納命題點(diǎn)1人稱(chēng)代詞、形容詞性物主代詞【知識(shí)必背】類(lèi)別人稱(chēng)人稱(chēng)代詞形容詞性物主代詞主格賓格第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)我我的復(fù)數(shù)我們我們的第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)你你的復(fù)數(shù)你們你們的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)他他的她她的它它的復(fù)數(shù)他（她/它）們他（她/它）們的【考向1】辨人稱(chēng)根據(jù)題干中的提示詞或已給出的人稱(chēng)來(lái)判斷空格處相應(yīng)的人稱(chēng)。第一、二人稱(chēng)一般都有對(duì)應(yīng)人稱(chēng)的提示詞，有時(shí)也需要根據(jù)句意和具體語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷。第三人稱(chēng)的區(qū)分方法：1.如果所填空指代的是題干中的mother,aunt,Miss等代表女士的名詞或XiaoYa,Lingling等女性名字時(shí)，可嘗試判斷用與she相關(guān)的詞（she,her等）。2.如果所填空指代的是題干中的father,uncle,brother,Mr.等代表男士的名詞或Kangkang,Michael等男性名字時(shí)，可嘗試判斷用與he相關(guān)的詞（he,him,his等）。3.如果所填空指代的是題干中的adog,myruler等單數(shù)名詞形式時(shí)，可嘗試判斷用與it相關(guān)的詞（it,its等）。4.如果所填空指代的是題干中的somestudents,manypeople等復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，可嘗試判斷用與they相關(guān)的詞（they,them,their等）?！究枷?】辨形式1.若在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（系動(dòng)詞）前，則作主語(yǔ)，可考慮使用人稱(chēng)代詞的主格，然后再根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和提示選擇最終的形式。2.若在動(dòng)詞或介詞后，則作賓語(yǔ)，可考慮使用人稱(chēng)代詞賓格等，然后再根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和提示選擇最終的形式。3.若在系動(dòng)詞之后，則作表語(yǔ)，可考慮使用人稱(chēng)代詞賓格等，再根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和提示選擇最終的形式。4.若在名詞前，則作定語(yǔ)，需用形容詞性物主代詞?！究枷?】基本用法1.主格人稱(chēng)代詞，作主語(yǔ)，通常放在句首，用在動(dòng)詞前。2.賓格人稱(chēng)大詞，作賓語(yǔ)，通常用在動(dòng)詞或介詞后，表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。3.形容詞性物主代詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，通常放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，起到修飾限定作用。【語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Hello,Bob.Howisyoursister?—________Thankyou.A.I’mfine. B.She’sfine. C.He’sfine. D.We’refine.2._______ismyaunt.________brotherismyfather.A.She;She B.Her;Her C.She;Her D.Her;She3.—Whoisthatgirl?—Oh.________isKate.Wealllike_________.A.She;she B.Her;her C.She;her D.Her;she4.Ihaveagoodfriend._______nameisJenny.________istenA.Her，Her B.She’s，She. C.Her，She D.She，She5.Theseapplesareonly3yuan.Doyouwant_________?A.it B.them C.that D.those6.Pleasehelp_______withourEnglish.A.I B.we C.us D.our7.—Isthis_______book?—No,itisn't.Ithinkit'sJim's.A.your B.she C.it D.he8.—Damingismyclassmate._______studentnumberis20241201.—OK!A.She. B.His C.Hers D.Her9.—Whereare________pens?

—________areonthedesks.A.their；They B.their；Their C.they；They D.they；Their10.—Isyourfriend’snameMike?—____________.A.Yes,heis B.No,sheisn't C.Yes,itis D.Yes,Iam二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空11．ThisisYangLan.(she)Englishisverygood.12．—What's(he)name?—(he)nameisNick.13．(I)penisblack.14．(she)isGraceJones.Graceis(she)firstname.15．(you)lastnameisWhite.16．Wecan’tfindourbikes.Canyouhelp(we)?17．Theseare(he)toys.18．Thisisn’t(she)knife.19．Theseareyourbooks,Kate.Putinthedesk,please.(they)20．mustlookafterthings.(you)命題點(diǎn)2可數(shù)名詞【知識(shí)必背】可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化表:1.規(guī)則變化表構(gòu)成方法舉例①一般情況，加-scolor→_____________classmate→_____________②以s,

x,

ch,

sh結(jié)尾的詞，加-esbus→_____________class→_____________match→_____________③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i，再加-escountry→_____________story→_____________activity→_____________④以字母f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，變f或fe為v，再加-esknife→_____________leaf→_____________⑤以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，加-stoy→_____________monkey→_____________⑥以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的詞，若表示有生命的加-es，若表示無(wú)生命的加-stomato→_____________potato→_____________photo→_____________2.不規(guī)則變化表構(gòu)成方法舉例①改變?cè)糇帜福╝→e；oo→ee）man→_____________woman→_____________tooth→_____________foot→_____________②“某國(guó)人”中日不變：Chinese;

Japanese英法

a變e：Englishman→Englishmen

Frenchman→Frenchmen其余詞尾加-s：Asian→Asians

American→Americans③單復(fù)數(shù)同形sheep;

deer④其他特殊形式child→children【考向1】可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)①有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，如：adesk→desks。②可用基數(shù)詞、不定冠詞（a/an）、代詞等詞修飾，如：threeboys,anapple,manystudents。③只修飾可數(shù)名詞的修飾語(yǔ)：both兩者都,different不同的,each每個(gè),many（a）很多,these這些④修飾可數(shù)名詞的修飾語(yǔ)：some一些,any一些；任何的,all全部的,most大多數(shù)的,alotof/lotsof很多【考向2】可數(shù)名詞數(shù)的判定（1）填單數(shù)形式的判定方法：①a/an/this/that/every/each/one/序數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；②可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+be動(dòng)詞單數(shù)形式/謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式；③結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境或句中對(duì)應(yīng)的提示詞，如：it，its等；④用于某些固定短語(yǔ)或搭配、專(zhuān)有名詞中，如：theGreatWall，haveagoodtime等。（2）填復(fù)數(shù)形式的判定方法：①these/those/大于1的基數(shù)詞/different+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；②可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+and+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；③可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+be動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式/謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形；④結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境或句中對(duì)應(yīng)的提示詞，如：them,their。【語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Ihavetwo________inmypencilbox.A．knife B．knifes C．knives D．a(chǎn)knife2．—Doyoulikeapples?—Yes,Ido.Butmysonlikes_______.A．tomatos B．tomatoes C．tomato D．banana3．—Whoarethe________？—They'reLily's________.A．woman；aunt B．woman；auntsC．women；aunt D．women；aunts4．Are________Lucy’s________?A．this;pencils B．that;pencil C．these;pencils D．those;pencil5．Herearesome.Doyoulike?A．oranges;them B．orange,itC．oranges,their D．oranges,they6．__________theseyour__________？A．Are;book B．Is;book C．Are;books D．Is;books7．—What’sinthepicture?—Three________andsix________.A．bus；women B．buses；womanC．buses；women D．bus；woman8．________myfriends.Theyare________.A．That’s;policeman B．Theseare;policemenC．Thisis;policemen D．Theseare;policeman9．Those________tooklotsof________intheSummerPalace.A．Germen;photoes B．Germen;photosC．Germans;photos D．Germans;photoes10．Thedeerhasfour________.A．foot B．feet C．foots D．feets二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空11．Tomgoestotheshoptobuytwo(bag)ofapplesforhisfamily.12．Shelikestelling(story).13．I’dlikesome(potato).14．Thezoohasmanyanimals,likelions,tigersand(monkey).15．Mymotherwashesthe(dish)afterdinnereveryday.16．Look!The(woman)onthechairarehisaunts.17．Weneedonebagof(tomato).18．Arethese(box)blue?19．—Whatcolorarethose(knife)?—They’regreen.20．Therearemanypicturesof(bus).命題點(diǎn)3一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Therebe存現(xiàn)句型【考向1】therebe句型的用法（1）就近原則。be動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式必須和therebe之后的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。如果第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)________；如果第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)________。如：Thereisabookandtwopencilsonthedesk.（2）否定式。therebe句型的否定形式是在be動(dòng)詞后面加________或________。________主要用于名詞之前，強(qiáng)調(diào)否定其后的名詞，表示“完全不；根本沒(méi)有”。如：①Thereisnowaterinthebottle.②Thereisn’tanywaterinthebottle.（3）疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)。若變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句，則需要把________提前到句首。如：—Isthereanywaterinthebottle?—Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.（4）特殊疑問(wèn)句。①問(wèn)數(shù)量：Howmany/much+名詞+be+there+主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?如： Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk? ②問(wèn)存在事物：What’s+地點(diǎn)?如： What’sonthedesk?（5）Therebesb.doingsth.+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間,表示“某地/某時(shí)有某人正在做某事”。如：Thereisaboyrunningontheplayground.【考向2】therebe句型與have的區(qū)別（1）therebe表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示某人擁有某物或某人，強(qiáng)調(diào)所屬關(guān)系。如：①Thereisatreeonthehill.②Ihaveapencil.（2）當(dāng)have表示包括、存在的含義時(shí)，可以與therebe句型互換。如：Aweekhassevendays.=Therearesevendaysinaweek.【語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—What’sinyourbag?—________twobooksandapen.A．They’re B．Thereare C．Therehave D．Thereis2．—Isthereadogatthegate?—________AndIlikethedog.A．Yes,thereis. B．No,thereisn’t. C．Yes,itis. D．No,itisn’t.3．There________arulerandtwoerasersinthepencilcase.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．has D．have4．There______someoldhousesnearmyschoollastyear.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were5．There_________anyorangesinthefridgenow.Butthere_________someorangejuice.A．a(chǎn)re;isn’t B．a(chǎn)ren’t;are C．is;isn’t D．a(chǎn)ren’t;is二、完成句子6．Thereissomeorangejuiceintheglass.（改為否定句）Thereorangejuiceintheglass.7．Therearesomebooksontheteacher’sdesk.（變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句）booksontheteacher’sdesk?8．Therearetenpeopleinmyfamily.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))peopleinyourfamily?9．Aweekhassevendays.(改為同義句)sevendaysinaweek.10．is,there,a,bird,inthetree.命題點(diǎn)4一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)【考向1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)含義①表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。如：Iamastudent.我是一名學(xué)生。②表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Ioftengetupearly.我經(jīng)常早起。③表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力。如：Ilikeoranges,butIdon’tlikebananas.【考向2】基本句式句型結(jié)構(gòu)用法（肯定式和否定式）be動(dòng)詞型肯定式：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式+表語(yǔ).否定式：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式+not+表語(yǔ).一般疑問(wèn)句式：Be動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)?特殊疑問(wèn)句式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式+其他?實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型肯定式：主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式+賓語(yǔ).否定式：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞否定式(don’t/doesn’t)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ).一般疑問(wèn)句式：助動(dòng)詞(Do/Does)+主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他?特殊疑問(wèn)句式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+助動(dòng)詞(do/does)+主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他?注意：Iamnot縮寫(xiě)為_(kāi)_______； isnot縮寫(xiě)為_(kāi)_______；arenot縮寫(xiě)為_(kāi)_______；donot縮寫(xiě)為_(kāi)_______t； doesnot縮寫(xiě)為_(kāi)_______?！究枷?】主謂一致①be動(dòng)詞型：主語(yǔ)第一人稱(chēng)，be動(dòng)詞用________；主語(yǔ)第二、復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)，be動(dòng)詞用________；主語(yǔ)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用________。（口訣：我用am，你用are，is連著他、她、它，單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)都用are。）②實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型：主語(yǔ)第一、二、復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)，動(dòng)詞用________；主語(yǔ)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用________________。（口訣：主語(yǔ)一二復(fù)，動(dòng)詞用原形，主語(yǔ)是三單，動(dòng)詞用三單。）第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則：一般情況詞尾加s；以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾，加es；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i加es；以“元音字母+s”結(jié)尾，直接加s?！菊Z(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．He________Ken.Hisfamilyname________Martin.A．is;am B．is;is C．is;are2．Whatcolor________yourpenandruler?A．is B．a(chǎn)m C．a(chǎn)re3．—Wheredoesyourgrandfatherlive?—Mygrandfather__________inBeijing.A．live B．lives C．living4．—________Tom________ping-pongbats?—No,buthe________abaseball.A．Do;have;has B．Does;has;has C．Does;have;has5．—________thewhitejacketsM?—No,thatgreenjacket________M.A．Are;are B．Are;is C．Is;are二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空6．He(be)myfriend.7．Mymother(be)ateacher.（老師）8．What(be)these?9．I(be)inClassTwo.10．This(be)hisruler.11．—WhenLucy(have)breakfast?—Sheusually(have)breakfastatseveno’clock.12．Sometimes,Tom(go)shoppingon