專題13 閱讀理解之說明文（知識梳理＋專題過關）-2022-2023學年七年級英語上學期期末考點大串講（外研版）（原卷版）

專題13閱讀理解之說明文2022-2023學年七年級英語上學期期末考點大串講（外研版）【知識梳理】＂英語說明文＂，顧名思義，就是一種以＂說明、解釋＂為主要表達方式的英語文體。它是對客觀事物的性狀、特點、功能和用途等作科學解說的。它既不像故事那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫，也不像議論文那樣，重在闡明主張和論點論據；更不像科幻作品那樣富于想象和虛構夸張。說明文是通過解說事物、闡明事理，使人們增長知識和技能。說明文是高考英語閱讀理解題中的重點內容之一。說明文具有與自己特點相適應的說明方法，因此說明文結構復雜，專業(yè)術語多，易于拉開考生分數檔次，便于高校分層次選拔人才。然而對于考生來說說明文抽象度高，解題難度大。高考對說明文的考查多為科普知識，動植物特性、自然現象和新產品、新工藝介紹以及人文地理、風土人情等方面的說明文，文中解釋性、定義性、說明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握說明文的命題特點，敘述方式，以冷靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，重點突破長句結構特點和邏輯關系，以便對其做出準確的語意理解。說明文閱讀理解的特征一般說來，英語說明文與其他文體一樣，文章所涉及的內容不外乎以下幾個方面，即who→what→when→where→how→why。1.who：問的是這篇文章的主體是誰？（即所要說明和描述的人或事物）2.what：問的是主體做了什么事情？（即主體表現出的特性、功能和用途）3.when和where：是在何時何地發(fā)生的？（即何時何地所表現出的特性、功能和用途）4.how：通過什么方式表現出來的？5.why：這種特性功能用途的原因是什么？做說明文閱讀理解題的時候，一定要記住上面的wh-word。邊閱讀，邊搜記，牢記要點，把握全文?！緦ｎ}過關】A（2022·江蘇江蘇·七年級期末）Howdoyouusuallydotheshopping?Doyoubuythingsinrealshopsoronline?Ifyoulikeshoppingonline,doyoubuythingsonTaobaoorJingdong?Doyouknowlive-streamingindustry(直播行業(yè))?Itisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays.Manypeoplebegintobuythingsonlive-streamingplatforms(直播平臺).“Sales(銷售)throughlive-streamingin2021givespeoplehopeandanewwaytomakemoney.”saysAndreaFenn.Therearemanylive-streamingplatforms,suchasDouyinandKuaishou,andAlibaba’sTaobao.Manypeoplebegintosellthingsinthisway.OneofthemisLiJiaqi.Heis27yearsold.Hecansell15,000lipsticks(口紅)infiveminutes.Unlikemanywomensellers,healwaystriesthelipsticksonhismouth,notonhisarms.Hisinterestingsalesmakehimgetthename“LipstickBrotherNo.1”.InFebruary2020,Taobaosellsalotofthings,becausemanypeoplecannotgoshoppingoutside.▲.AndreaFennsaysthattherearetoomanypeopleonthelive-streamingplatforms.“Nowtherearethousandsoflive-streaming.Andpeoplestarttothinkaboutthequestion:WhyarewebuyingthingsonTV,justlikethe1990sshoppingstyle?Somecompaniescannotgetmoneyfromlive-streamingbecauseofshoppersfatigue.Theyaretiredofdoingthat.”hesays.1．Whatisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays?A．Buyingthingsinrealshops. B．BuyingthingsonTaobao.C．BuyingthingsonJingdong. D．Buyingthingsonlive-streamingplatforms.2．LiJiaqiiscalled“LipstickBrotherNo.1”because________.A．sellinglipsticksbringshimmuchmoneyB．AndreaFenngiveshimthenicknameC．heisthefirstmantoselllipstickstoladiesD．hehasadifferentwaytoselllipsticks3．WhichplatformsellsalotofthingsinFebruary2020accordingtothepassage?A．Douyin. B．Kuaishou. C．Taobao. D．Weibo.4．Whichofthefollowingsentencesshouldbeontheline(橫線)inthelastparagraph?A．Ofcourse,everyonewillmakemoney.B．Butnoteveryonewillmakemoney.C．Luckily,everyonelikeslive-streamingactivitiessales.D．Live-streamingislikeTVshoppingshow.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fatigue”inthelastparagraphmeaninChinese?A．疲勞 B．激情 C．需求 D．懷疑B（2022·山東·青島大學附屬中學七年級期末）Doyouknowthetwolovelymascots(吉祥物)?Youmayknowthefive“Fuwa”dollsfromthe2008BeijingOlympicGames(奧運會).OnSeptember17thof2019,let’sseewhotheyare.Lookatthepanda!Itlookslikeanastronaut(宇航員).Itwearsaniceshell(冰殼)andlooksfat,sowecallit“BingDwenDwen”.Whiteisthecoloroficeandsnow.“BingDwenDwen”likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem.That’swhyitisthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicsGames.Doyouthinktheredmascotlookslikealantern(燈籠)?Thelantern’snameis“ShueyRhonRhon”.WhentheChineseNewYearcomes,peoplealwaysmakeorbuyredlanterns.Redisthecolorofhopeandgoodluck.“ShueyRhonRhon”cangiveplayershopeandhelpthemdowellinthe2022BeijingWinterParalympicGames(殘奧會).Manypeopleindifferentcountrieslikethetwomascotsverymuch,andtheyshowtheirloveforthemontheInternet.6．________isthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.A．“Fuwa”dollsB．BingDwenDwenC．ShueyRhonRhonD．AstronautMascot7．“BingDwenDwen”is________.A．apandaB．anastronautC．aniceshellD．alantern8．Whatdoweknowabout“ShueyRhonRhon”fromthepassage?________A．It’sredbecauseredisthecoloroftheOlympicGames.B．ItisthemascotofChineseNewYear.C．Itcanbringplayershopeandgoodluck.D．It’salwaysthemascotofWinterParalympicGames.9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?________A．ThetwolovelymascotsfirstshowedonTVonSeptember17,2019.B．“BingDwenDwen”and“ShueyRhonRhon”aregoodaticesports.C．Wecallit“BingDwenDwen”becauseitwearsaniceshellandlooksfat.D．Thetwomascotsareindifferentcolorsandshapes.10．What’sthebesttitle(標題)ofthepassage?________A．PeopleindifferentcountrieslikethetwomascotsB．“Fuwa”,“BingDwenDwen”and“ShueyRhonRhon”C．TwoOlympicmascotscometolifeD．2022BeijingWinterOlympicGamesC（2022·廣東廣州·七年級期末）UniversalStudiosthemeparksarefamousaroundtheworld.Theyturnthingsfrompopularmoviesandshowsintoreality(現實).NowoneoftheseparksisinChina!TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.TheKungFuPandaLandofAwesomenessisUniversal’sfirstthemedareaabouttheKungFuPandamovies.It’sanindoorarea.Ithaslanternsanddragons.TherestaurantslooklikeChinesestylebuildings,sellingChinesefood.EventhemusicplayedintheareaisChinesestyle.ThethemedareaTransformersMetrobasebringsanewstorywithChineseelements.Ittellsthestoryofa750-million-year-oldcarrobottriestosavetheworld.Visitorswillbecomemembersofanarmytojoinhim.OtherpartsoftheparkhaveChineseelementsaswell.TheshoppingstreetCityWalkborrowsChinesebuildingstyles,suchasBeijing’sHutong.Redandgoldareusedinthelightsandgroundalongthewalk.11．WhatcanyoudointheKungFuPandaland?A．Ridedragons. B．Havelunch.C．Savetheworld. D．Playrolesfrommovies.12．HowmanyUniversalStudiosthemeparksarethereintheworld?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.13．WhatdoweknowaboutthecarrobotattheTransformersMetrobase?A．Heisoneofthedesigners. B．Hecausestroubleforvisitors.C．Heisaflyingrobot. D．Hehashadaverylonglife.14．Whatdoestheunderlineditinparagraph1referto?A．China. B．Themovie.C．Thethemepark. D．TheKungFuPandaLand.15．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheUniversalBeijingResort?A．ItisfullofChineseculture. B．ItisthebiggestparkinChina.C．Itismainlyforforeignvisitors. D．Itonlyhaselementsfrommovies.D（2022·湖北·武漢外國語學校（武漢實驗外國語學校）七年級期末）Peopleusesayingseveryday.Youmayaskanunhappyfriendwhyshe’s“feelingblue.”Ifyou’vedoneonlyasmallpartofabigjob,youmightcallit“adropinthebucket.”Thesesayingsdon’tmeanexactlywhatthewordssay.Butit’seasytotellwhyweusethem.Blueisacool,quietcolor.Soit’sagoodwordfor“sad”.Abucketholdstoomanywaterdropstocount.Sojustonedropisverylittle.Othersayingsaremoredifficulttounderstand.Whenyouareabouttogotobed,youaregoingto“hitthehay(干草).”Thissayingdoesnotmakemuchsenseunlessyouknowwhereitcamefrom.Itwasfirstusedinthe1930s.Atthattime,manyAmericanswereoutofwork.Somewentfromplacetoplace,lookingforjobs.Atnighttheywereverytired.Theyoftenmadeabedofhayinafieldorbarn(谷倉).Assoonastheirheads“hitthehay,”theyfellasleep.Hereisanothersaying.Whenyouaresick,youmightsayyouare“undertheweather.”Butwhy?Thissayingismorethan200yearsold.Itbeganinthedayswhenmanypeoplewentfromplacetoplacebyboat.Whenthestormwindsrocked(使搖擺)theboat,peopleoftenfeltsick,Theboatwassailing“undertheweather.”O(jiān)ldsayingslikethesecanbehardforkidstounderstand.Butnewsayingscomealongeveryday.Kidsoftenun