2025年北師大新版必修3英語上冊(cè)月考試卷

…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請(qǐng)※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………第=page22頁，總=sectionpages22頁第=page11頁，總=sectionpages11頁2025年北師大新版必修3英語上冊(cè)月考試卷176考試試卷考試范圍：全部知識(shí)點(diǎn)；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘學(xué)校：______姓名：______班級(jí)：______考號(hào)：______總分欄題號(hào)一二三四五總分得分評(píng)卷人得分一、選擇題(共8題，共16分)1、Theyoungman,________inheavytrafficontheway,gothomeanhourlaterthanusual.A.catchingB.caught.C.havingcaughtD.tobecaught2、Juliet,alittleshygirl,hasafewwordsandseldomspeaksuntil___________to.A.spokenB.speakingC.speakD.bespoken3、Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe____officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.leftD.hadleft4、______withsomanychallenge,wefailedtocompletethemissionontime.A.TofaceB.FaceC.FacingD.Faced5、________withfiercepressureintheircareers,manyworkingwomensaiditwasdifficultforthemtoachieveabalancebetweenworkandfamily.A.FacingB.TobefacedC.FacedD.Havingfaced6、________inhiswork,Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.A.AbsorbingB.AbsorbC.AbsorbedD.Toabsorb7、________asmayorofDorset,Minnesota,USA,3-year-oldJames,theyoungestmayorinAmericanhistory,tookanactivepartincharitablecauses.A.ElectedB.ElectingC.ToelectD.Tobeelected8、________withtwojoboffers,forinstance,wemaywonderexactlywhatitiswe’rechoosingbetween.A.HavingpresentedB.PresentedC.TopresentD.Presenting評(píng)卷人得分二、其他(共6題，共12分)9、Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto____.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?。A．Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B．Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C．Howtoliveazero-wastelifestyleinahousehold.D．Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.10、KingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theideawasintroducedinthe1970swhentheonce-richregionturnedbarren(貧瘠的)duetoclimatechangeandintensivelanduse.Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapesatanunprecedentedscale,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasosaidin1985,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness.Thecouragetoturnyourbackontheoldformulas,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”

Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?。A．AfricanUnions.B．Alladvocates.C．Landowners.D．AllAfricans.11、ForoneweekinMay,morethan100,000peopleintheUKcarefullycountedtheirplasticwasteathomeinanationalinvestigationintoplasticuseandrecycling.ItwascalledtheBigPlasticCount,runbyorganizationsGreenpeaceandEverydayPlastic.Sohowdidtheygeton,andwhatdidtheydiscoverabouttheirdependencyonamaterialthathasbecomeapartofoureverydaylives?Jules,41,andherfamilythrewaway124piecesofplasticduringtheirweekofcounting.Thepackaginginpartybagsandstickerpacksforherdaughter’ssixthbirthdaywasthemostupsetting,shesays.Shehadthoughtherhouseholdwasquitelowplasticandsowas“shocked”byhowmuchtheyused.“It’sthehiddenstuffthatisn’trecyclable—likepizzawrappers—thatgetsyou,”Julesexplains.“Everysinglesheetforthestickersinthepartybagscameindividuallywrappedinitsownunrecyclablebag,andthentheywerepackedtogetherinabiggerbag,”shesays.HerchildrenarepassionateaboutprotectingtheenvironmentbutJulessaysshefindsitveryhardasaconsumertomaketherightchoices.“Wecanonlydosomuch.It’sinthemanufacturer’shands.Thewholethingissuchajuggle(雜耍).”Taylor,a25-year-oldscheduler,saysofthe70piecesofplastichecounted,itwasthecucumberpackagingthatupsethimthemost.Hehasfamilywholiveabroadwherehesaysit’seasytobuyfruitsandvegetableswithoutanyplastic.He’dalsoliketoseemorelocalproduceinshopsdirectfromfarmers,whichwouldreducetheneedforexcessivepackagingusedtotransportgoodslongdistances.“Igetprogressivelymoreupsetwiththefactthatsupermarketssellsomuchplastic,”hesays.Evenifhecouldfindplastic-freealternatives,hesaysthecostis____.“Thepriceofeverythingisgoingup,butthingsthatarebetterfortheenvironmentaremuchmoreexpensive,”hesays.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exorbitant”inthelastparagraphmean?。A．FlexibleB．Reasonable.C．LowD．Sky-high.12、Theyogurtthat’spastitssell-bydate.Thebananainyourlunchthatturnedbrown.Theleftoversinthefridgethatyouforgottoeat.Formostpeople,allthatfoodgoesrightintothegarbagecan.Eighttotenpercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(放)arerelatedtofoodwaste,accordingtoareportbytheU.N.’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.“Whenyouthrowawayaneggorasandwich,”saysYvetteCabrera,foodwastevicedirectorattheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(N.R.D.C.),“you’realsothrowingawayalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingthosethings.”____includesnotonlyallthewater,land,andfertilizer(化肥)thatwentintoproducingthatfood,butalsothemassiveamountsoffossilfuelsusedtopowerthefarms,transportthefood,andcreatethepackaging.Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.

WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?。A．Provideapersuasiveexample.B．Addmorebackgroundinformation.C．Discussamoreseriousconsequence.D．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.13、KingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theideawasintroducedinthe1970swhentheonce-richregionturnedbarren(貧瘠的)duetoclimatechangeandintensivelanduse.Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapesatanunprecedentedscale,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasosaidin1985,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness.Thecouragetoturnyourbackontheoldformulas,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”【小題1】WhatdoesAfrica’s“GreatGreenWall”aimfor?。A．Offeringmorejobsforlocals.B．Stoppingtheexpansionofdesert.C．Creatingaharmonioussociety.D．ImprovingAfricanlandscapes.【小題2】WheredidAfricagettheinspiration?。A．Fromtheirpracticesofplantingtrees.B．Fromtheprocessofstoppingflooding.C．FromChina’ssuccessindesertcontrol.D．FromAfricans’wisdomandhardwork.14、Besides,10%ofrichcountriesgreenhousegasemissionscomefromfoodthatwasgrownandnevereaten.Foodwastenotonlycontributestoclimatechange,butalsofoodinsecurityandextremepoverty.Asstatedabove,inthegreatestfoodwastingcountries,therearelawsthat____producefrombeingdonatedtopeopleinneed.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confine”inparagraph3probablymean?。A．Refuse.B．Restrict.C．Contact.D．Protect.評(píng)卷人得分三、選用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(共2題，共4分)15、Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.。A.agreementsB.chatteringC.effortsD.feasiblyE.fulfillmentF.hard

G.introducedH.moralityI.persuadedJ.seizedK.spoiledHere’stoguilt-freeflyingMajaRosengaveupflyingadecadeagooutofconcernforitsenvironmentalimpact.Butwhenshebecameamotherandstartedhangingoutwithotherparents,shedidn’tbringitup,evenwhentheconversationturnedtoflying.Itwouldhave____themood.TheninApril2018,herhomecountryofSweden____ataxonaviation(飛行).Theclimateimpactsofflyingwereontheeveningnewsandthemoodchanged.Rosen____themoment.WithherneighborLottaHammar,shelaunchedacampaigncalled“Westayontheground”,whichhas____10,000peopletocommittoavoidflightsin2019.Kudos.Buthere’sthe____truth:inthegrandschemeofthings,barelyanyonewillfollowsuit.The____classestendtohavealottosayabouttheecobenefitsofavoidingmeat,cyclingandeatinglocallysourcedfood.Butthat____generallydisappearswhenitcomestoflying.Wecan’trelyoninternational____tostopaviationemissioneither.Yes,theUNhasfixedupadealtocapaviationemissionsbeyond2020.Butitlacksrealbite,allowingairlinestocontinueemittingcarbonprovidedtheyoffset(抵消)it.Allthismeanswecouldreallydowithgreentechridingtotherescue.Here,atleast,thereisalittlegoodnews.Evenrathersimplemeasureslikefreeingplanestoflyinstraighterlinescould____cutcarbonemissions.Hybrid(混合動(dòng)力的)electricaircraftarealsothepipeline.Andwealreadyknowthatplanescanmixupto50percentbiofuelsintotheirtanksandflysafely.It’stimetoredoubleour____tomakeplanesgreen.Inthemeantime,ifyouarestilllookingforaNewYear’sresolution,youmightwanttothinkaboutjoiningthose105000Swedes.16、選詞填空。

Withmoderategreenhousegases,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide____intotheatmosphere,Earthcansustainlife.Butcomprehensiveevidenceshowsthatmoreheatenergythannecessaryexistsbecauseofburninganincreasingvolumeoffossilfuels.Hence,thewarmingtrendhasaffectedEarth’secologyandharmoniousdevelopment.Newsreportsarefrequently____aboutpolarbears,sealsandpenguinsthatare____todeathbecauseofthemeltingice.Tropicaljunglesaredestroyed,makingthemlesshabitableforanimals.Whathumanbeingscan’t____isthatgarbageisthrowneverywhere,suchaswaterwaysandbasins.Facedwiththeseveresituations,worldwidegovernmentshavereformedpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandrestorethesensitiveecology.Dozensofenterpriseshave____andimplementedtheirconservationregulations,saying,“Wewillimmediatelycarryoutthedisposalofthewasteweproduce.”IndividualscanalsoseizeeverychancetoreducethecarbonfootprintbytheamountofCO2inthedailylife.AlthoughEarthhas____someecologicalchaos,peoplefromallovertheworldconfidentlysaythatthosemeasurescancreateasustainableworld.評(píng)卷人得分四、漢譯英（整句）(共2題，共6分)17、受到父親的鼓勵(lì)，她下定決心繼續(xù)前行。（bedetermined）（漢譯英）18、與同類產(chǎn)品相比，這款產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)了體積更小、重量更輕、功能更全、精度更高的目標(biāo)。(achieve)(漢譯英)評(píng)卷人得分五、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞(共4題，共28分)19、________(使相信)thattheBeltandRoadInitiativewillbenefitChina’seconomy,weareoptimisticaboutthefutureofourcountry.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）20、Whenspringcomes,thetreesincampusare________(完全地)inblossom.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）21、Whenspringcomes,thetreesincampusare________(完全地)inblossom.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）22、Whenspringcomes,thetreesincampusare________(完全地)inblossom.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）參考答案一、選擇題(共8題，共16分)1、B【分析】試題分析:句意：這個(gè)年輕人，在路上堵車了，比往常到家晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)。Becaughtin“陷入”，做狀語時(shí)省掉be動(dòng)詞；表示狀態(tài)，選B。

考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞2、A【分析】考查過去分詞作狀語。句意：Juliet是一個(gè)害羞的小女孩，她沉默寡言，別人不同她說話，她就很少說話。untilspokento為untilsheisspokento的省略，選A。3、B【分析】【詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他表示他很快就會(huì)離職時(shí)候我們都很驚訝。根據(jù)“made”和“soon”可知，此處表示過去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí)，故B項(xiàng)正確。4、D【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：面對(duì)這么多的挑戰(zhàn)，我們不能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。Sb.befacedwithsth.是固定搭配，表示“某人面對(duì)某事”，所以空處應(yīng)用face的過去分詞形式faced，做狀語，故選D。5、C【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：面對(duì)巨大的職業(yè)壓力，許多職業(yè)女性表示，她們很難在工作和家庭之間取得平衡。A.Facing面對(duì)；B.Tobefaced面對(duì)；C.Faced面對(duì)；D.Havingfaced面對(duì)。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語之間是邏輯的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，固定搭配befacedwith面對(duì)。故選C。6、C【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：完全沉浸在他的工作中，湯姆竟然忘了吃飯睡覺。A.Absorbing現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)；正在；B.Absorb動(dòng)詞原形；C.Absorbed過去分詞表示被動(dòng)；完成；狀態(tài)；D.Toabsorb表示將來；目的。beabsorbedin為固定短語，意為“沉浸在”，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，把be省略。故選C。7、A【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：3歲的詹姆斯當(dāng)選美國(guó)明尼蘇達(dá)州多塞特市長(zhǎng)，是美國(guó)歷史上最年輕的市長(zhǎng)，他積極參與慈善事業(yè)。分析句子可知，句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞took，所以空處用非謂語動(dòng)詞。句子主語3-year-oldJames與動(dòng)詞elect為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以空處用過去分詞，表被動(dòng)、完成。故選A。8、B【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：舉個(gè)例子，面對(duì)兩份工作，我們可能想知道我們到底在什么之間選擇。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞wonder，所以此處為非謂語作狀語，present與主語we之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。故選B。二、其他(共6題，共12分)9、略

【分析】【詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto____.(如果你想過一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng))”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個(gè)過程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望如果你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改變，你會(huì)感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要講述了作者如何在家庭中過零浪費(fèi)的生活方式。故選C?！窘馕觥緾10、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是非洲大陸試圖多種樹；創(chuàng)造“綠色長(zhǎng)城”以阻止撒哈拉沙漠的擴(kuò)張。

【詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.(這一倡議是非洲驅(qū)動(dòng)的，對(duì)非洲大陸的人來說至關(guān)重要，可能是成功的關(guān)鍵。)”以及““TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”(“綠色長(zhǎng)城是關(guān)于所有權(quán)的問題，而這正是發(fā)展援助的失敗之處，因?yàn)槿藗儚奈凑J(rèn)同它，”非洲聯(lián)盟撒哈拉和薩赫勒綠色長(zhǎng)城倡議專員埃爾維斯·保羅·坦加姆說?！暗@一次他們認(rèn)同了。這就是我們的本性!)”可知，此處的us指“所有的非洲人”。故選D項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥緿11、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪袝?huì)不自覺地產(chǎn)生很多塑料垃圾,以及他們對(duì)此的看法。

【詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thepriceofeverythingisgoingup,butthingsthatarebetterfortheenvironmentaremuchmoreexpensive(所有東西的價(jià)格都在上漲，但是對(duì)環(huán)境更好的東西要貴得多)”和劃線詞所在句“Evenifhecouldfindplastic-freealternatives,hesaysthecostis____.”(他說，即使他能找到不使用塑料的替代品，成本也是exorbitant。)”可知，此處指找到不使用塑料的替代品的成本更貴，劃線詞的含義與expensive同義，選項(xiàng)D.“Sky-high”意為“非常高”，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥緿12、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是我們將過期的食物丟進(jìn)垃圾箱這一行為給環(huán)境帶來的危害。

【詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段首句“Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.(然后就是關(guān)于這些食物被扔掉后會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情的問題了。)”以及“MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.(進(jìn)入美國(guó)垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的食物比其他任何類型的垃圾都多。在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)腐爛的食物會(huì)產(chǎn)生甲烷，這是一種溫室氣體，在大氣中吸收熱量的能力大約是燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳的25倍。)”可知作者想要告訴我們食物被扔進(jìn)垃圾箱后所產(chǎn)生的嚴(yán)重后果。故選C項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥緾13、略

【分析】【詳解】

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.(這當(dāng)然就是非洲大陸要修建“綠色長(zhǎng)城”的原因；官員們希望修建價(jià)值800公里(近500英里)的樹木，以阻止撒哈拉沙漠向南迅速擴(kuò)張)”可知，非洲綠色長(zhǎng)城的目的是阻止撒哈拉沙漠的擴(kuò)張。故選B項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.(但這并不是一個(gè)新想法;中國(guó)有自己的沙漠植被工程來遏制戈壁沙漠!由于中國(guó)的計(jì)劃，非洲項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是到2030年在整個(gè)非洲種植1億公頃的樹木)”可知，非洲項(xiàng)目的靈感來自于中國(guó)在利用植樹造林方面控制沙漠的成功。故選C項(xiàng)。【解析】【小題1】B

【小題2】C14、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家10%的溫室氣體排放來自那些種植但從未食用的食物。糧食浪費(fèi)不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致氣候變化；還會(huì)造成糧食不安全和極端貧困。如上所述，在糧食浪費(fèi)最嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家，有法律限制農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人。

【詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andthefoodthatdoesn’tmeetthesestandardsisthrownaway.Thereareincrediblystrictlawsaboutfooddonationthatactuallymakesitillegaltodonatefoodthatdoesn’tmeetstandardsthataresimilartothoseofthegrocerystoreaswellaslawsthatrestrictthisfoodfrombeingusedasanimalfeed.(不符合這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的食物就會(huì)被扔掉。關(guān)于食品捐贈(zèng)有非常嚴(yán)格的法律規(guī)定，捐贈(zèng)不符合食品雜貨店標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的食品是違法的，法律還限制這些食品被用作動(dòng)物飼料)”以及畫線詞上文“inthegreatestfoodwastingcountries”和后文“producefrombeingdonatedtopeopleinneed”可知，在糧食浪費(fèi)最嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家，法律限制將農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人。故畫線詞意思是“限制”。A.Refuse.拒絕；B.Restrict.限制；C.Contact.聯(lián)系；D.Protect.保護(hù)。故選B?！窘馕觥緽三、選用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(共2題，共4分)15、略

【分析】【分析】

這是一篇說明文。本文由介紹一項(xiàng)由瑞典女性發(fā)起的“不乘坐飛機(jī)”運(yùn)動(dòng)開啟；進(jìn)而介紹目前讓航空業(yè)更加綠色環(huán)保面臨的問題，最后呼吁人們要加大環(huán)保力度。

【小題1】

考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：談話氣氛會(huì)被破壞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知；設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動(dòng)詞過去分詞，與前面的助動(dòng)詞wouldhave構(gòu)成謂語，spoiled“破壞”為動(dòng)詞過去分詞形式，符合文意，故選K項(xiàng)。

【小題2】

考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：然后到了2018年4月，她的祖國(guó)瑞典出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)針對(duì)飛行的稅收政策。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動(dòng)詞作謂語；又根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語inApril2018可知，該處應(yīng)填寫動(dòng)詞過去式，表示“引入（政策）”，introduce“引入；介紹”為動(dòng)詞；符合文意，故選G項(xiàng)。

【小題3】

考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：Rosen抓住了這個(gè)時(shí)機(jī)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知；設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動(dòng)詞作謂語；根據(jù)前文的句意可知，設(shè)空處還是表述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞的過去式，seized“抓??；占據(jù)”為動(dòng)詞過去式形式，符合文意，故選J項(xiàng)。

【小題4】

考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她和鄰居LottaHammar共同發(fā)起一個(gè)名為“我們?cè)诘孛妗边\(yùn)動(dòng)。此次運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)在2019年說服了1萬人承諾不再乘坐飛機(jī)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動(dòng)詞作謂語；又根據(jù)空格前的助動(dòng)詞has可知，該處填寫動(dòng)詞過去分詞形式，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，persuaded“說服”為動(dòng)詞過去式形式；符合文意，故選I項(xiàng)。

【小題5】

考查形容詞作定語。句意：但是這里有一個(gè)殘酷的事實(shí)：聲勢(shì)浩大的事情，幾乎任何人都會(huì)跟風(fēng)加入。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該處應(yīng)填寫形容詞，hard“艱難的；殘酷的”為形容詞，作truth的定語；表示“殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)”，故選F項(xiàng)。

【小題6】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：喜歡對(duì)社會(huì)發(fā)表意見的人們往往很愿意談?wù)撍厥场⒆孕熊囼T行和選擇就近生產(chǎn)的食物帶來的生態(tài)環(huán)境益處。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處作定語，chatteringclasses為固定搭配；意為“清談階層；喜歡對(duì)政治或社會(huì)問題發(fā)表意見的人”，故選B項(xiàng)。

【小題7】

考查名詞。句意：但是這種道德準(zhǔn)則遇到飛行話題上就會(huì)缺位。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)填寫名詞，作主語；根據(jù)空格前的that可知，該處指代上文人們生態(tài)保護(hù)方面的道德準(zhǔn)則，morality“道德；道德準(zhǔn)則”為名詞；符合文意，故選H項(xiàng)。

【小題8】

考查名詞。句意：我們也不能只是依靠國(guó)際協(xié)議來阻止航空業(yè)的溫室氣體排放。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處應(yīng)填寫名詞，作賓語，agreements“協(xié)議；合同”為名詞；符合文意，故選A項(xiàng)。

【小題9】

考查副詞。句意：即使是相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單的措施，如讓飛機(jī)以直線飛行，也可以有效減少碳排放?；旌蟿?dòng)力的電動(dòng)飛機(jī)也在蓄勢(shì)待發(fā)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處應(yīng)填寫副詞，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞cut，feasibly“可行地；行得通地”為副詞；符合句意表述，故選D項(xiàng)。

【小題10】

考查名詞。句意：我們?nèi)缃褚颖杜?，讓航空業(yè)變得更加綠色環(huán)保。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該處應(yīng)填寫名詞，作賓語；efforts“努力”為名詞，符合文意，故選C項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥俊拘☆}1】K

【小題2】G

【小題3】J

【小題4】I

【小題5】F

【小題6】B

【小題7】H

【小題8】A

【小題9】D

【小題10】C16、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了地球經(jīng)歷的一些生態(tài)破壞；以及人們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)地球做出的一些努力。

【小題1】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳釋放到大氣中，地球可以維持生命。逗號(hào)前面是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語，所以此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，此處表示“釋放”為動(dòng)詞release，賓語為greenhousegases，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，和動(dòng)詞release(釋放)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填released。

【小題2】

考查語態(tài)。句意：有關(guān)北極熊、海豹和企鵝因冰層融化而餓死的新聞報(bào)道經(jīng)常被播出。此處是主句的謂語動(dòng)詞，由句意可知，表