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試卷第=page11頁(yè),共=sectionpages33頁(yè)2022中考完形填空話題分類訓(xùn)練專題59世界歷史Passage1(2016·江蘇蘇州·中考真題)TheearliestmapswereprobablydrawnintheMiddleEast.Someofthesemapshave___1___andtheyshowusthepeopleatthattimethoughttheearthflat(平的).Astimewentby,thepicturesbecamemoredetailedandmapsweremore___2___made.Lateron,ancientGreeks(希臘人)usedtheir___3___ofmathsandsciencetomakemaps.GreekmapstellustheGreeksknewtheworldwas___4___.Fromsimplepictures,mapmakinghasturnedintoascience.Mapsaremade___5___surveying(勘測(cè))land.Inthe1900s,peoplearoundtheworldstart-edtoshareinformationtomake___6___maps.Withthehelpofthephotographstakenfromtheskyandspace,mapsarenowmoreexactlymadethanever.___7___theworldisalwayschanging,wewillalwaysneednewmaps.Therearemanytypesofmaps,butalmostalluse___8___andpicturestodescribewhataplaceislikewhenthemapismade.Amapusuallytellswhatthepictures___9___.Somemapsmayshowthewholeworld.Aroadmapwillhelpyouknowthe___10___fromoneplacetoanother.Othermapsmayusepicturestoshowthetemperatureandpopulationindifferentplaces.1.A.disappeared B.survived C.gone D.left2.A.slowly B.simply C.correctly D.carelessly3.A.knowledge B.courage C.energy D.challenge4.A.long B.small C.square D.round5.A.into B.by C.of D.from6.A.cleaner B.lighter C.better D.older7.A.Though B.So C.Unless D.Since8.A.sounds B.models C.words D.stories9.A.standfor B.gofor C.a(chǎn)skfor D.waitfor10.A.weather B.distance C.feature D.culturePassage2(2016·貴州黔西·中考真題)BeijingOperaisournationalopera.It__11__after1790andhasahistoryof__12__years.ItsmusicandsingingcamefromareXipiandErhuanginAnhuiandHuibei.Thereare__13__mainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,Jing,andChou.BeijingOpera__14__famousstories,beautifulfacialpaintings,wonderfulgesturesandfighting.Someofthestoriesarefromhistorybooks,butmostarefromfamousnovels.Thepeopleinthestoriesusuallycan’tagree__15__eachother.Theybecomeangry,unhappy,sadand__16__Sometimestheyarefrightenedandworried.Thentheyfindawaytomake__17__witheachother.Everyoneisusuallyhappy__18__BeijingOperaisanimportantpartofChineseculture.InChinaitusedtobepopularwitholdpeople__19__youngpeopledidn’tlikeitverymuch.However,moreyoungpeoplearebecominginterestedinitnowadays.Andmorepeoplearoundtheworld__20__BeijingOpera’sspecialsinging,actingandfacialpaintings.11.A.comeintobeing B.cameintobeing C.comeacross D.cameover12.A.over B.in C.on D.during13.A.five B.four C.three D.two14.A.wasfullof B.wasfilledin C.isfullof D.wasfilledwith15.A.on B.a(chǎn)t C.to D.with16.A.tired B.bored C.lonely D.a(chǎn)lone17.A.peace B.friend C.peaces D.friends18.A.a(chǎn)ttheend B.intheend C.a(chǎn)tfirst D.a(chǎn)tthebeginning19.A.when B.a(chǎn)ssoonas C.a(chǎn)fter D.while20.A.a(chǎn)relearningabout B.werelearningabout C.a(chǎn)relearningfrom D.learnedfromPassage3(2019·福建鯉城·模擬預(yù)測(cè))Everyschoolday,weuseschoolbagstocarryallofourthingstoschool.Theyareabigpartofourlives.Buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutthe____21____oftheschoolbag?IntheHanDynasty,whenold-styleprivateschoolswereopened,studentsusedbambooboxestocarrybookstoschool.Peopleconsiderthebambooboxtobethe____22____schoolbag.Therewereusuallytwoorthreelayersinthe____23____.Kidsputdifferentthings,likebooks,brushes,inkstonesandpaperintheboxes.YoucanseethebambooboxinmanyTVshows.___24___,intheLegendofWhiteSnake,XuShilincarriesabambooboxtothecapitaltotakeanexam.Hundredsofyears____25____,peopledevelopedanewkindofschoolbagcalledthebudai,or“hip-pocket”.Thebudaiwaslighterthanthebamboobox.Withthefoundingofthepeople’sRepublicofChina,militaryrucksacks(軍用帆布包)becamepopular.Askyourgrandparentsorparentsaboutthesebags.Maybetheycantellyouabouttheir___26___ofcarryingthemwhentheywereinschool.Anewstyleofschoolbaghas

___27___inrecentyears.Manyofthemhavecolorfulandfashionable___28___,suchaspicturesofcartoonsorpopstars.Andtheyaremorecomfortabletouse.Somestudentspullwheeledbags___29___withheavytextbooksandotherscarrybackpacks.Schoolbagsarestillchanging.Canyouimagine___30___futureschoolbagswillbelike?21.A.material B.history C.shape22.A.ugliest B.finest C.earliest23.A.bag B.pocket C.box24.A.However B.Suchas C.Forexmple25.A.before B.later C.a(chǎn)go26.A.experiences B.pictures C.dreams27.A.produced B.came C.a(chǎn)ppeared28.A.designs B.wheels C.clothes29.A.full B.filled C.poured30.A.how B.what C.whichPassage4(2020·江蘇鼓樓·二模)Inthe1880s,goldwasdiscoveredinAlaska,theUSA.Manypeoplecametotheareahopingtoget___31___.Newtownswerebuiltandgrewquickly.OnesuchtowncalledIditarodgrewsoquicklyduring1909thatitbecamethelargestcityinAlaska.Inthesummermonths,basicsupplies(日用品)couldbetakentothosetownsby___32___.butinthewintertheriversandtheoceanfrozenandtherewasnowaytogettothem.So,in1910,awintertrack(小道)wasbuiltwhichwouldbeusedbyteamsofdogspullingsleds(雪橇).ThetrackbecameknownastheIditarodTrail.Ittookateamofdogsaboutthreeweekstotravel

___33___Alaska.Theystoppedat"roadhouses"wherethedriverscouldgeta___34___bedforthenightandsomethingtoeatforboththemselvesandtheirdogs.Thetrailwasusedevery___35___untilthe1920swhenplanesreplacedboatsanddogteams.However,in1925,adiseasecalleddiphtheria___36___thecityofNome.Thediseasecouldbecured,but,sadly,thenearestmedicinethatcouldbefoundwasinAnchorage,rightontheothersideofAlaska.Planeswerestillquitenew,sonooneknewiftheycouldflyinsuchcoldweather.Soitwas___37___thatthemedicinewouldbecarriedusingteamsofdogsinstead.Thetripwasover1,000kilometres,mostofitalongtheIditarodTrail.Ittooktwentyteamsjustsixdaysto___38___thejourney.Leonhardtravelledthefirst400ofthosekilometres.HehadtotrusthisdogTogo'sabilitytofindthewayintheblindingsnow.ThelastpartofthejourneywasdonebyGunnar.HisleaddogwasBalto.AtonepointBalto___39___togo

anyfurtherandsaved

theteamfromfallingintoicywater.Thediseasewas

stoppedandBaltobecameahero.NowadaysadogsledraceisheldeveryyearfromAnchoragetoNome,____40____therouteofthatfamousjourneyin1925.ItiscalledtheIditarodandhasbecomeknownas"TheLastGreatRaceonEarth".31.A.free B.famous C.rich D.safe32.A.truck B.boat C.a(chǎn)ir D.railway33.A.a(chǎn)mong B.a(chǎn)long C.a(chǎn)round D.a(chǎn)cross34.A.warm B.free C.soft D.clean35.A.spring B.summer C.a(chǎn)utumn D.winter36.A.dropped B.passed C.hit D.controlled37.A.a(chǎn)greed B.felt C.proved D.insisted38.A.start B.make C.continue D.cover39.A.regretted B.refused C.managed D.expected40.A.following B.planning C.choosing D.sharingPassage5(2020·山東濰坊·一模)Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,andevenpurplecomputers!Sopurpleisoneofthemostpopularcolorstoday.Butinthepast,purplewasaveryexpensiveandunusualcolor.Let'stakealookattherich____41____ofthecolorpurple.SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsago____42____lookedpurple,notgreenplants.Todayaregreenbecausetheyusechlorophyll(葉綠素)toproduceenergy.____43____theseearlyplantsprobablyusedsomethingcalledretinal,whichisadarkpurplecolor.DuringthetimeoftheRomanEmpire(27BC-476AD),itwasverydifficulttomakepurpledye(染料).Thedyecamefromseasnails(海螺).But10,000deadseasnails____44____youjustonegramofpurpledye...aswellasaverybadsmell!This___45___purpledyewascalledTyrianpurple,anditwasthepreferred____46____ofemperors.In16th-centuryEngland,purplewas___47___fortheking'sfamilymembers.QueenElizabethI'sclotheswerepurple,butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedto_____48_____theclothesinthiscolor.In1856,WilliamPerkin,an18-year-oldsciencestudentnoticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment.Thechemicals(化學(xué)藥品)heusedtocleanhisinstrumentsmixedwiththechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.This____49____ledPerkintostartacompanyusingthischemicalmixturetomakepurpledye.Thedyewasmuch_____50_____thansea-snaildye.ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.41.A.history B.style C.research

D.product42.A.hardly B.especially C.exactly D.probably43.A.And B.So C.But D.Until44.A.got B.passed C.wasted

D.cost45.A.basic B.harmful C.special D.perfect46.A.color B.smell C.plant D.a(chǎn)nimal47.A.even B.never C.seldom D.only48.A.wear B.sell C.change D.make49.A.survey B.discovery C.suggestion D.exam50.A.healthier B.thicker C.cheaper D.darkerPassage6(2020·內(nèi)蒙古東勝·一模)Apictureisworthathousandwords,butitcan’talwaystell_51_wholestory.ThesailorinthefamousphotoV-JDayinTimesSquare,GeorgeMendonsa,diedlastmonthatage95.

_52_Aug14,1945,whenWorldWarIIended,AmericanphotojournalistAlfredtookhiscameratothe__53__ofNewYork.InTimesSquare,peoplewerecelebratingthevictoryeverywhere.“Isawasailor__54__alongthestreetgrabbing(抓?。゛nyandeverygirlinsight.Whethershewasagrandmother,strong,thin,old,didn’tmakeadifference,”Alfredsaid.Hethentookthephoto,whichlaterbecameoneofthemost__55__photosinhistory.ButAlfredforgottoaskforthepair’s__56__!Sincethen,manypeoplehavesaidtobethepeopleinthephoto.Onebook,TheKissingSailor,writeseverythingaboutthe__57__.Theauthorsalso__58__peopleinthebackgroundofthephoto.TheysaidthatGretaZimmerFriedman,adentist’sassistant,wasthewomanpictured.Friedman,__59__diedin2016,saidshedidn’tmindthekiss,_60_itwasquitesudden.“Itwasjustsomebodyreallycelebrating…itwasn’taromanticevent.Itwasjust…‘thankGodthewarisover.’”51.A.a(chǎn) B.the C.a(chǎn)n D./52.A.In B.Of C.At D.On53.A.hospitals B.cinemas C.streets D.cafes54.A.cycling B.going C.coming D.running55.A.important B.famous C.interesting D.disappointed56.A.jobs B.names C.numbers D.interests57.A.sailor B.woman C.photo D.story58.A.talkedwith B.listenedto C.spokeup D.saidto59.A.whom B.what C.who D.which60.A.if B.so C.a(chǎn)lthough D.butPassage7(2019·江蘇·江陰初級(jí)中學(xué)一模)Althoughpeopleeverywhereseemtoenjoydrinkingcoffee,theydonotallhavethe___61___coffeeculture.InEuropeforexample,coffeeshopsarecommonplacesforpeopletomeetfriendsandtotalkwhiletheydrinkcoffee.Ontheotherhand,locationslikethiswerenotascommoninNorthAmericainthepast.___62___,peopleinNorthAmericawouldliketodrinkcoffeeintheirhomeswiththeirfriends.ThecoffeecultureintheUSAchangedwhenStarbuckscoffeeshops___63___acrossthecountry.The___64___Starbuckscoffeeshopopenedin1971indowntownSeattle,Washington,intheUSA.Itwasasmallcoffeeshopthatroasteditsowncoffeebeans.Thecoffeeshop’s___65___didwell,andby1981thereweremoreStarbucksstoresinSeattle.Thingsreallybegantochangeforthecompanyin1981.Thatyear,HowardSchultzmetthethreemenwhoranStarbucks.SchultzworkedinNewYorkforacompanythatmadekitchenequipment(設(shè)備).HenoticedthatStarbucksordered___66___specialcoffeemakers,andhewascurious.SchultzwenttoSeattletosee___67___Starbucksdid.In1982,theoriginalStarbucksownershiredSchultzasthecompany’sheadofmarketing.In1983,SchultztraveledtoItaly.Thespecialatmosphere(氛圍)ofthecoffeebarsthere___68___hiseye.BackintheUSA,SchultzcreatedanatmosphereforStarbuckscoffeeshopsthatwas___69___andrelaxing,andcustomerseverywhereseemedtolikeit.StarbucksbeganopeningmorelocationsacrosstheUSA.Thenthecompanyopenedcoffeeshopsinothercountries____70____.Today,therearemorethan16,000Starbuckscoffeeshopsworldwide.However,thatdoesnotmeanStarbuckshasnothadproblems.Asamatteroffact,manylocationshaveclosedoverthepastfewyears.61.A.same B.different C.similar D.new62.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Instead D.However63.A.spread B.ran C.closed D.built64.A.last B.biggest C.smallest D.first65.A.business B.sales C.products D.a(chǎn)chievement66.A.a(chǎn)greatdealof B.a(chǎn)largenumberof C.a(chǎn)little D.little67.A.how B.why C.what D.that68.A.brought B.paid C.caught D.carried69.A.crazy B.worried C.nervous D.comfortable70.A.a(chǎn)fter B.a(chǎn)swell C.before D.soonPassage8(2021·天津津南·一模)“Whereistheuniversity?”ThisisaquestionthatmanyvisitorstoCambridgeask.Butnoonecangivethema___71___answer,forthereisnowalltobefound___72___theuniversity.Theuniversityisthecity.Youcanfindclassroombuildings,___73___,museumsandofficesoftheuniversityalloverthecity.Andmostofitsmembersarethestudentsand____74____ofthethirty-onecolleges.Cambridgewasalreadya___75___townlongbeforethefirststudentsandteachersarrived800yearsago.ItgrewupbytheriverGranta,andtheriverwasonce___76___theCam.A___77___wasbuiltovertheriverasearlyas875.Sothetowngotitsname“Cambridge”.Inthefourteenthandfifteenthcenturiesmoreandmorelandwasusedforcollegebuildings.Thetowngrewmuch____78____inthenineteenthcenturyaftertheopeningoftherailwayin1845.Cambridgebecamea___79___in1951andnowithasapopulationofover100,000.Manyyoungstudentsinothercountries____80____tostudyatCambridge.Thousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldcometovisittheuniversitytown.Ithasbecomeafamousplaceallaroundtheworld.71.A.true B.clear C.right D.real72.A.a(chǎn)round B.in C.near D.by73.A.cinemas B.parks C.zoos D.libraries74.A.parents B.farmers C.workers D.teachers75.A.interesting B.usual C.developing D.common76.A.said B.called C.spoken D.talked77.A.bridge B.building C.station D.house78.A.smaller B.slower C.faster D.cleaner79.A.city B.college C.university D.country80.A.stop B.hate C.hope D.need答案第=page11頁(yè),共=sectionpages22頁(yè)參考答案:1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B6.C7.D8.C9.A10.B【解析】【分析】該文介紹了地圖的起源和制作發(fā)展過(guò)程。既然世界總是在變化,我們將永遠(yuǎn)需要新的地圖。1.句意:這些地圖中有一些幸存下來(lái)了。disappeared消失;survived幸存;gone去;left離開。根據(jù)“theyshowusthepeopleatthattimethoughttheearthflat”地圖告訴我們當(dāng)時(shí)的人們認(rèn)為地球是平的,所以地圖是存在的。故選B。2.句意:隨著時(shí)間的推移,圖片變得更加詳細(xì),地圖更為準(zhǔn)確。slowly慢慢地;simply簡(jiǎn)單地;correctly正確地;carelessly粗心地。聯(lián)系前句“Astimewentby,thepicturesbecamemoredetailed”圖片變得更加詳細(xì)。說(shuō)明地圖更細(xì),故選C。3.句意:后來(lái),古希臘人用他們的的數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)知識(shí)制作地圖。knowledge知識(shí);courage勇氣;energy能量;challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)“mathsandsciencetomakemaps”用數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)知識(shí)去繪制地圖。故選A。4.句意:希臘地圖告訴我們,希臘人知道世界是圓的。long長(zhǎng)的;small小的;square方的;round圓的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,希臘人告訴我們地球是圓的。故選D。5.句意:通過(guò)測(cè)量土地制成地圖。into進(jìn)入;by通過(guò);of……的;from從。根據(jù)“surveying(勘測(cè))land”表示通過(guò)某種方式,習(xí)慣用介詞by,故選B。6.句意:在1900年,全世界的人們開始分享制作更好的地圖的信息。cleaner更干凈;lighter更輕;better更好;older更舊。根據(jù)“Withthehelpofthephotographstakenfromtheskyandspace,mapsarenowmoreexactlymadethanever.”在從天空和太空拍攝的照片的幫助下,現(xiàn)在的地圖比以往任何時(shí)候都更精確。故選C。7.句意:既然世界總是在變化,我們將永遠(yuǎn)需要新的地圖。though盡管;so所以;unless除非;since既然。根據(jù)句意可知,前后是因果關(guān)系,故選D。8.句意:有許多類型的地圖,但幾乎所有的地圖都使用文字和圖片來(lái)描述一個(gè)地方是什么樣子的。sounds聲音;models模型;words字;stories故事。根據(jù)“andpicturestodescribewhataplaceislikewhenthemapismade.”描述地圖是什么樣子,應(yīng)該用圖片和文字。故選C。9.句意:地圖通常告訴圖片代表什么。standfor代表;gofor適用于某人(或某事物);askfor請(qǐng)求;waitfor等待。根據(jù)“Somemapsmayshowthewholeworld.Aroadmapwillhelpyouknowthe____fromoneplacetoanother.Othermapsmayusepicturestoshowthetemperatureandpopulationindifferentplaces.”有些地圖可以顯示整個(gè)世界。路線圖可以幫助你了解從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方的距離。其他地圖可能使用圖片來(lái)顯示不同地方的溫度和人口??芍?,不同的地圖代表的不一樣。故選A。10.句意:一條道路地圖將幫助你知道從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方的距離。weather天氣;distance距離;feature特征;culture文化。根據(jù)“fromoneplacetoanother.”從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方的距離。故選B。11.B12.A13.B14.C15.D16.C17.A18.B19.D20.A【解析】【分析】試題分析:本文是對(duì)京劇的介紹。它是我們的國(guó)粹,有西皮和二黃兩種,分生、旦、凈、丑四個(gè)角色。京劇是中國(guó)文化中重要的一部分,越來(lái)越多的人對(duì)它感興趣了。11.B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:它于1790年后形成有兩百多年的歷史了。A.comeintobeing形成,產(chǎn)生;B.cameintobeing形成,產(chǎn)生;C.comeacross偶遇;D.cameover過(guò)來(lái)。京劇產(chǎn)生于1790年后,用comeintobeing;描述過(guò)去,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),故選B。12.A考查介詞及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:它于1790年后形成有兩百多年的歷史了。A.over超過(guò),多于;B.in在……之內(nèi);C.on在具體某天或在事物的表面上;D.during在……期間。1790年到現(xiàn)在超過(guò)兩百年了。故選A。13.B考查數(shù)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:京劇里有四個(gè)主要角色。A.five五;B.four四;C.three三;D.two二。由后面的生、旦、凈、丑可知共四個(gè)主要角色,故選B。14.C考查短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:京劇里充滿了著名的故事、漂亮的臉譜、極好的動(dòng)作和打斗。A.wasfullof充滿;B.wasfilledin被裝在……里;C.isfullof充滿,滿是;D.wasfilledwith被……裝滿。充滿,滿是:befullof或befilledwith。描述通常的情況,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故選C。15.D考查介詞及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:故事中的人們通常不能互相贊同。同意某人,造成某人:agreewithsb.故選D。16.C考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:他們變得憤怒、不開心、傷心和孤獨(dú)。A.tired疲倦的;B.bored無(wú)聊的;C.lonely孤獨(dú)的;D.alone單獨(dú)的,獨(dú)自的。幾個(gè)并列的形容詞描述的是人的情緒的變化,由后句里的frightened害怕的及worried擔(dān)憂的可知是感到孤獨(dú)。故選C。17.A考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:然后他們找到一個(gè)和彼此和平相處的方法。A.peace和平;B.friend朋友;C.peaces和平;D.friends朋友。使人們的憤怒、不開心、傷心、孤獨(dú)都變成和平與寧?kù)o。用peace,它是不可數(shù)名詞,沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選A。18.B考查短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:最后大家通常都很開心。A.attheend在結(jié)束時(shí);B.intheend最后,終于;C.atfirst開始,當(dāng)初;D.atthebeginning在開始時(shí)。故事最后通常都以高興、快樂(lè)結(jié)局。最后:intheend。故選B。19.D考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:在中國(guó),過(guò)去老人對(duì)京劇感興趣,而且年輕人不喜歡。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí);B.assoonas一……就……;C.after在……之后;D.while當(dāng)……時(shí),然而。本句表示轉(zhuǎn)折,然而:while。故選D。20.A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:然而,現(xiàn)在更多的人對(duì)它感興趣了,而且全世界更多的人們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)京劇特殊的演、唱和臉譜。A.arelearningabout在了解,在學(xué)習(xí)。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);B.werelearningabout在了解,在學(xué)習(xí)。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);C.arelearningfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);D.learnedfrom向……學(xué)習(xí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。全世界的人都在學(xué)習(xí)了解京劇,用learnabout,表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選A??键c(diǎn):考查歷史文化類短文。21.B22.C23.C24.C25.B26.A27.C28.A29.B30.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了書包的發(fā)展史。21.句意:但是你想過(guò)書包的歷史嗎?material材料;history歷史;shape形狀。根據(jù)下文介紹的“書包的歷史”的內(nèi)容可知,空處應(yīng)是“歷史”。故選B。22.句意:人們認(rèn)為竹盒子是最早的書包。ugliest最丑的;finest最好的;earliest最早的。根據(jù)歷史記載,竹盒子應(yīng)是最早的書包。故選C。23.句意:盒子里通常有兩三層。bag書包;pocket口袋;box盒子。根據(jù)后句“Kidsputdifferentthings,likebooks,brushes,inkstonesandpaperintheboxes.”可知,空處應(yīng)是“盒子”。故選C。24.句意:例如,在《白蛇傳說(shuō)》中,徐士林背著一個(gè)竹盒到京城去考試。However然而;Suchas比如;Forexmple例如。根據(jù)前句“YoucanseethebambooboxinmanyTVshows.”可知,后句應(yīng)是前句的具體實(shí)例,且有逗號(hào)與后句隔開,應(yīng)是Forexmple。故選C。25.句意:幾百年后,人們研制了一種新的書包,叫做“布袋”或“臀部口袋”。before在……之前;later以后;ago以前??仗幍脑~在“Hundredsofyears”之后,應(yīng)是副詞;又根據(jù)上文中介紹的最早的書包是竹盒子可知,應(yīng)是幾百年后,人們研制了一種新的書包。故選B。26.句意:也許他們可以告訴你他們上學(xué)的時(shí)候背軍用帆布包的經(jīng)歷。experiences經(jīng)歷;pictures圖畫;dreams夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)上句“Askyourgrandparentsorparentsaboutthesebags.”可知,是告訴你他們上學(xué)的時(shí)候背軍用帆布包的經(jīng)歷。故選A。27.句意:近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)了一種新型書包。produced生產(chǎn);came來(lái);appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下句“Manyofthemhavecolorfulandfashionable…,suchaspicturesofcartoonsorpopstars.”可知,是出現(xiàn)了一種新型書包。故選C。28.句意:許多書包有豐富多彩和時(shí)尚的設(shè)計(jì),如卡通或流行明星的圖片。designs設(shè)計(jì);wheels車輪;clothes衣服。根據(jù)后句“suchaspicturesofcartoonsorpopstars.”可知,是書包有豐富多彩和時(shí)尚的設(shè)計(jì)。故選A。29.句意:一些學(xué)生拉著裝滿厚重課本的輪式書包,一些其他人背著背包。full滿的;filled裝滿;poured傾倒。根據(jù)句中的“with”的提示可知,空處應(yīng)是filled,fillwith,填充、裝滿。故選B。30.句意:你能想象出未來(lái)的書包會(huì)是什么樣子嗎?how怎么樣;what什么;which哪一個(gè)。根據(jù)句中的“belike”可知,空處應(yīng)是疑問(wèn)代詞what,什么。故選B。31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D36.C37.A38.D39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文介紹了美國(guó)阿拉斯加州的伊迪塔羅德小徑。1910年,伊迪塔羅德小徑建成,供拉雪橇的狗隊(duì)使用。直到20世紀(jì)20年代飛機(jī)取代了船只和狗隊(duì)。1925年,一種叫做白喉的疾病襲擊了諾姆市。最近能找到的可以治愈這種病的藥物是在阿拉斯加另一邊的安克雷奇。二十支隊(duì)伍沿著伊迪塔羅德小徑只用了六天到了安克雷奇市。疾病控制住了。如今,每年都有狗拉雪橇比賽從安克雷奇到諾姆,沿著1925年那次著名旅程的路線進(jìn)行。31.句意:許多人來(lái)到這個(gè)地區(qū)希望發(fā)財(cái)。free空閑的;famous著名的;rich富有的;safe安全的。根據(jù)上文“Inthe1880s,goldwasdiscoveredinAlaska,theUSA.”可知“許多人來(lái)到這個(gè)地區(qū)希望發(fā)財(cái)?!惫蔬xC。32.句意:在夏季的幾個(gè)月里,日用品可以用船運(yùn)到這些城鎮(zhèn)。truck卡車;boat船;air空氣,byair:用飛機(jī),乘坐飛機(jī);railway鐵路。根據(jù)下文“butinthewintertheriversandtheoceanfrozenandtherewasnowaytogettothem.”可知“在夏季的幾個(gè)月里,日用品可以用船運(yùn)到這些城鎮(zhèn)。”故選B。33.句意:一支狗隊(duì)花了大約三個(gè)星期的時(shí)間穿越阿拉斯加。among在……中間;along沿著,順著;around圍繞,環(huán)繞;across從一邊到另一邊,橫過(guò),穿過(guò)(表面)?!按┰桨⒗辜印笔褂媒樵~across;故選D。34.句意:他們?cè)凇奥愤叢宛^”停下來(lái),在那里司機(jī)們可以得到一張溫暖的床過(guò)夜,并為自己和他們的狗吃點(diǎn)東西。warm溫暖的;free空閑的;soft軟的;clean潔凈的,干凈的。根據(jù)上文“So,in1910,awintertrack(小道)wasbuiltwhichwouldbeusedbyteamsofdogspullingsleds(雪橇).”可知是在冬天,故“在那里司機(jī)們可以得到一張溫暖的床過(guò)夜”故選A。35.句意:這條小道每年冬天都有使用,直到20世紀(jì)20年代飛機(jī)取代了船只和狗隊(duì)。spring春天;summer夏天;autumn秋天;winter冬天。根據(jù)上文“So,in1910,awintertrack(小道)wasbuiltwhichwouldbeusedbyteamsofdogspullingsleds(雪橇).”可知“這條小道每年冬天都有使用”,故選D。36.句意:然而,1925年,一種叫做白喉的疾病襲擊了諾姆市。dropped落下,掉下;passed通過(guò),經(jīng)過(guò);hit擊,碰撞,襲擊;controlled控制。根據(jù)“Thediseasecouldbecured,but,sadly,thenearestmedicinethatcouldbefoundwasinAnchorage”可知這種病襲擊了諾姆市,故選C。37.句意:所以大家一致同意用狗來(lái)運(yùn)輸藥物。agreed同意,贊成;felt感覺(jué);proved證明,證實(shí);insisted堅(jiān)決要求,堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)上文“Planeswerestillquitenew,sonooneknewiftheycouldflyinsuchcoldweather.”可知“所以大家一致同意用狗來(lái)運(yùn)輸藥物?!惫蔬xA。38.句意:二十支隊(duì)伍只用了六天就走完了全程。start開始;make制造,做;continue繼續(xù);cover遮蓋,覆蓋。根據(jù)上文“Thetripwasover1,000kilometres,mostofitalongtheIditarodTrail.”可知此句句意是:二十支隊(duì)伍只用了六天就走完了全程。根據(jù)句意可知選D。39.句意:巴爾托一度拒絕再往前走,挽救了隊(duì)伍,防止掉進(jìn)冰水里。regretted后悔;refused拒絕;managed設(shè)法完成,管理;expected預(yù)期,期待。根據(jù)下文“挽救了隊(duì)伍,防止掉進(jìn)冰水里”可知此句是“巴爾托一度拒絕再往前走”;故選B。40.句意:如今,每年都有狗拉雪橇比賽從安克雷奇到諾姆,沿著1925年那次著名旅程的路線進(jìn)行。following跟隨,沿著;planning計(jì)劃;choosing選擇;sharing分享。結(jié)合第3段可知“每年都有狗拉雪橇比賽從安克雷奇到諾姆,沿著1925年那次著名旅程的路線進(jìn)行?!惫蔬xA。41.A42.D43.C44.A45.C46.A47.D48.A49.B50.C【解析】【分析】文章大意:這篇說(shuō)明文通過(guò)對(duì)比和舉例,介紹了紫色的來(lái)歷和發(fā)展,說(shuō)明紫色曾經(jīng)是是一種非常昂貴和不尋常的顏色,但在科學(xué)家Perkin的努力下,用兩種化學(xué)混合物制造紫色染料,終于使紫色成為當(dāng)今最流行的顏色之一。41.句意:讓我們來(lái)看看紫色豐富的歷史??疾槊~辨析題。history歷史;style類型;research研究;product產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)下文“SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsago”可知,此空是“歷史”的意思,應(yīng)填history,故選A。42.句意:5億多年前出現(xiàn)在地球上的第一批植物可能看起來(lái)是紫色的,而不是綠色的??疾楦痹~辨析題。hardly幾乎不;especially尤其;exactly真地;probably可能。本句表對(duì)幾億年前的推測(cè),需用probably;根據(jù)句意語(yǔ)境,故選D。43.句意:但是這些早期的植物可能使用了一種叫做視黃醛的東西,它是一種深紫色??疾檫B詞辨析題。

And和;So因此;But但是;Until直到??崭袂昂笫乾F(xiàn)在的和早期的對(duì)比,屬于轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,需用but連接;根據(jù)句意語(yǔ)境,故選C。44.句意:染料來(lái)自海螺。但是10000只死海螺只給了你一克紫色染料??疾閯?dòng)詞辨析題。got得到;passed通過(guò);wasted浪費(fèi);cost花費(fèi)。根據(jù)句意語(yǔ)境,可知后面三項(xiàng)意思都與句意不合,表示從海螺中得到紫色染料,故選A。45.句意:這種特殊的紫色染料被稱為提爾紫,它是皇帝最喜歡的顏色。考查形容詞辨析題。basic基本的;harmful有害的;special特殊的;perfect完美的。根據(jù)前文Thedyecamefromseasnails.染料來(lái)自海螺,可知很特別,特殊的,故選C。46.句意:它是皇帝最喜歡的顏色??疾槊~辨析題。color顏色;smell氣味;plant植物;animal動(dòng)物。根據(jù)上文wascalledTyrianpurple,可知是顏色,選項(xiàng)B、C和D均不合句意,可排除,故選A。47.句意:在第十六世紀(jì)的英國(guó),紫色只屬于皇室成員。考查副詞辨析題。even甚至;never從不;seldom很少;only只為,僅僅。根據(jù)下文butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedtowearthecolor.普通人不允許穿這種顏色,可知是“只屬于皇室”,故選D。48.句意:但是普通人是不允許穿這種顏色的。考查動(dòng)詞辨析題。wear穿,戴;sell賣;change改變;make制造。根據(jù)題干中“QueenElizabethⅠ’sclotheswerepurple”可知此處是穿這種顏色的衣服,用wear符合題意。故選A。49.句意:這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使Perkin創(chuàng)辦了一家用這種化學(xué)混合物生產(chǎn)紫色染料的公司??疾槊~辨析題。survey調(diào)查;discovery發(fā)現(xiàn);suggestion建議;exam考試。根據(jù)上文WilliamPerkin,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment.可知Perkin是在做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)注意到的,所以是他的發(fā)現(xiàn),故選B。50.句意:這種染料比海螺染料便宜得多??疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。healthier更健康的;thicker更厚的;cheaper更便宜的;darker更暗的。根據(jù)下文ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.任何人都買得起紫色衣服,可知更便宜,故選C。51.B52.D53.C54.D55.B56.B57.C58.A59.C60.C【解析】【分析】這是一張勝利之吻的照片,本文介紹了這張照片的來(lái)歷。1945年,為了慶祝二戰(zhàn)的勝利,大眾在時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)舉行慶?;顒?dòng),攝影師阿爾弗雷德跑到時(shí)代廣場(chǎng),想記錄一下什么,就在這個(gè)時(shí)候,他在時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)上看見(jiàn)一名水手滿大街跑,一路擁抱成年女性。阿爾弗雷德就跑到這位水手前,就在這個(gè)時(shí)候,水手一把摟住一名護(hù)士,來(lái)了個(gè)深情之吻,快門記錄了這經(jīng)典的時(shí)刻。51.句意:一張照片勝過(guò)千言萬(wàn)語(yǔ),但它不一定能說(shuō)明整個(gè)故事。a/an表示泛指,一個(gè);the表示特指。thewholestory整個(gè)故事,此處特指照片所蘊(yùn)含的故事。因此用定冠詞the。故選B。52.句意:1945年8月14日,二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,美國(guó)攝影記者阿爾弗雷德帶著相機(jī)走上紐約街頭。In在(某段時(shí)間)內(nèi);Of關(guān)于(某人);At在(某時(shí)間或時(shí)刻);On在(某一天),用在具體的時(shí)間前。Aug14,1945是具體的時(shí)間,因此用介詞on。故選D。53.句意:1945年8月14日,二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,美國(guó)攝影記者阿爾弗雷德帶著相機(jī)走上紐約街頭。hospitals醫(yī)院;cinemas電影院;streets街道;cafes咖啡館。根據(jù)“InTimesSquare,peoplewerecelebratingthevictoryeverywhere.”以及句子“Isawasailor…alongthestreet”判斷,美國(guó)攝影記者阿爾弗雷德是帶著相機(jī)走上紐約街頭。故選C。54.句意:我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)水手滿大街跑,一路擁抱所看到的成年女性。cycling騎自行車旅行;going走;coming來(lái)到;running奔跑。這一段描述的是慶祝勝利的場(chǎng)景。根據(jù)“grabbinganyandeverygirlinsight.”判斷,這位水手是滿大街跑,一路擁抱所看到的成年女性。故選D。55.句意:他隨后拍攝了這張照片,這張照片后來(lái)成為歷史上最著名的照片之一。important重要的;famous著名的;interesting有趣的;disappointed失望的。根據(jù)下文的“Sincethen,manypeoplehavesaidtobethepeopleinthephoto.Onebook,TheKissingSailor,writeseverythingaboutthe...”以及短文的內(nèi)容可知,這張照片具有紀(jì)念意義,是在慶祝第二次世界大戰(zhàn)勝利時(shí)拍攝的,因此是歷史上最著名的照片之一。故選B。56.句意:但是阿爾弗雷德忘了問(wèn)兩人的名字!jobs工作;names名字;numbers數(shù)字;interests興趣。根據(jù)“Sincethen,manypeoplehavesaidtobethepeopleinthephoto.”可知從那以后,很多人都說(shuō)照片上的人是自己。也就是說(shuō)照片上的人是誰(shuí)沒(méi)有人知道,所以這里應(yīng)該是阿爾弗雷德忘了問(wèn)兩人的名字!故選B。57.句意:其中一本書《親吻的水手》寫了這張照片的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。sailor水手;woman婦女;photo照片;story故事。此處的the表示特指,是指文中提到的照片。故選C。58.句意:作者還與照片背景下的人交談。talkedwith與……交談;listenedto傾聽;spokeup公開表態(tài);saidto對(duì)……說(shuō)。根據(jù)“TheysaidthatGretaZimmerFriedman,adentist’sassistant,wasthewomanpictured.”可知,這是作者與照片背景下的人交談后得到的結(jié)果。故選A。59.句意:弗里德曼于2016年去世,她說(shuō)她不介意這個(gè)吻,盡管吻很突然。whom誰(shuí),賓語(yǔ);what什么;who誰(shuí),主語(yǔ);which哪一個(gè)。此處是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是Friedman,又是主語(yǔ)的位置,因此用who引導(dǎo)。故選C。60.句意:弗里德曼于2016年去世,她說(shuō)她不介意這個(gè)吻,盡管吻很突然。if如果;so因此;although盡管;but但是。分析語(yǔ)境可知,后半句是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,空處表示“盡管”。故選C。61.A62.C63.A64.D65.A66.B67.C68.C69.D70.B【解析】【分析】本篇文章難度適中,主要講述不同的國(guó)家有不同的咖啡文化,以及星巴克的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展和運(yùn)營(yíng)情況。61.句意“盡管不同地方的人們看起來(lái)喜歡喝咖啡,但是他們都有不同的咖啡文化”。本題考查形容詞辨析。A.相同的;B.不同的;C.相似的;D.新的

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