2022中考閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題練 專題06 脫貧攻堅(jiān)（原卷版）

PAGE6PAGE72022中考閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題練專題06脫貧攻堅(jiān)Passage1（2021·青海西寧·中考真題）Poverty（貧窮）isabigproblemintheworld,butChinahasdoneagoodjobtodealwithitandmadetheproudachievement.Duringfightingpoverty,we’vebeenmovedbymanyheroes.HelpingGirls◆ZhangGuimei◆Lijiang,Yunnan◆Manygirlscouldn’tgotoschoolbecausetheywereverypoor.◆Mrs.Zhangstartedagirlschoolforfreeandhelpedover1,800girlsgotocollege.BuildingaRoad◆MaoXianglin◆Wushan,Chongqing◆Villagerslivedonthe1,000﹣meter﹣highcliffs（懸崖峭壁）.Soittookthemthreedaystowalktothenearesttowninthepast.◆Mr.Maoledvillagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhandsfor7years.Nowtheyspendjustanhourdrivingtothenearesttown.Localpeoplecansellfruittootherplacesconveniently.PlantingMushrooms（蘑菇）◆ChenZaiming◆JingdongYi,Yunnan◆Thisplacewasfamousforitswildmushrooms.Butvillagersdidn’tknowhowtogrowthem.◆Mr.Chentaughtvillagerstoplantmushroomsandhelpedthemmakeover5millionyuan.ChineseAchievements◆832counties（縣）and128,000villagesarenolongerinpoverty.◆98.99millionvillagershavebeenliftedoutofpovertyinthepast8year.◆Chinaisresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertysincethelate1970sallovertheworld.1．Whohelpedgirlsgotocollege？A．ZhangGuimei. B．MaoXianglin. C．ChenZaiming. D．Allabove.2．HowdidpeoplegotothenearesttowninWushan,Chongqinginthepast？A．Onfoot. B．Bybus. C．Bycar. D．Bytrain.3．Whichplacewaswell﹣knownforwildmushroomsinthetext？A．Lijiang. B．Wushan. C．JingdongYi. D．Notmentioned.4．Howmanyvillagershavebeenliftedoutofpovertyinthepast8yearsinChina？A．832. B．1,800. C．12,8000. D．98,990,000.5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？A．Girlsdidn’twanttogotoschoolinLijiang,Yunnan.B．IttakespeoplethreehourstodrivetothenearesttowninWushannow.C．PeopleusedtobegoodatgrowingwildmushroomsinJingdongYi.D．Chinahasgotthegreatestachievementonliftingoutofpoverty.Passage2（2021·廣東深圳·中考真題）ShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty.“IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina（中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨）,thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to.1971,theyreclaimed（開墾）lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2004,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2009,thecity-levelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan($152,723)tochangethevillage’sexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled“NationalForestVillage”.Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2015toattracttravelerstopickgrapes.“ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubecomesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,”hesaid.6．WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers?A．BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B．BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C．BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D．BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.7．From1966to1971,whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation?A．Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B．Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C．Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D．Theybuiltalotoffactories.8．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers?A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. D．Stupid.9．WhenwasShashiyucalled"NationalForestVillage"?A．In2009. B．In2004. C．In2015. D．In2019.10．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Inastorybook. B．Inanewspaper. C．Inasportsmagazine. D．InasciencebookPassage3（2019·湖南株洲·中考真題）The2030Agendasaysthatendingpovertyinallitsforms,includingextremepoverty(極度貧困),isthegreatesttask.Because1.4billionpeopleindevelopingcountriesliveonlessthan$1.25aday.Another842millionpeople,oroneineightpeople,donothaveenoughtoeat,today.Thegoodnewsisthattherearewaystoendpoverty.Creatingjobs,bothintheUnitedStatesandabroad,isagreatwaytodealwithpoverty.Whenpeoplehavejobs,theyhavemoney,andwhenpeoplehavemoney,theycanmoreeasilygetthemselvesoutofpoverty.TheU.N.saysthat‘‘Forthepoor,laborisoftentheonlythingtheycanusetoimprovetheirwell-being.”Theeducationofgirlsandwomenimpacts(影響)therestofthesocieties.Awoman’sdegreeofeducationislinkedtotheageatwhichshemarriesandhaschildren,toherhealthanddiseases.Educatinggirlsandwomencanendpovertyindevelopingnations,aswellasintheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStateshasn’traisedthelowestpaysince2007.Becauseofthis,rightnow,UAfull-timeworkerwithtwochildrengettingthelowestpaywillstillraisehisorherfamilyinpoverty.”Andthisisaprobleminalmosteveryothercountry,especiallyindevelopingnations.Raisingthelowestpaycouldpossiblyincreasethehealthandwell-beingofmillions.ThepresidentoftheWorldBank,JimYongKim,saysthathebelieves“healthcarecoveringinallcountriescanhelpachieveagoalofendingextremepovertyby2030.”Hesaysthathealthcarecouldendpoverty.Becauseabout100millionpeoplearepushedintoextremepovertyeveryyearbyhavingtospendmoneyonhealthproblems,andhealthproblemspushaboutanother150millionintoveryserioushardship.Thesewaystoendpovertyshowthatwhilethereisadifficultroadahead,thereisapracticalpathforward.11．Howmanypeopledonothaveenoughtoeattoday?A．100million. B．150million. C．842million.12．Whatistheonlythingthepoorcanusetoimprovetheirwell-being?A．Creating. B．Labor C．Studying.13．Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus_________.A．theimportanceofeducatinggirlsandwomenB．thewaysofeducatinggirlsandwomenC．thetimeofeducatinggirlsandwomen14．WhoisJimYongKim?A．ThePresidentoftheU.N.B．ThepresidentoftheWorldBank.C．ThePresidentoftheUnitedStates.15．Howmanywaystoendpovertyarementioned?A．4. B．6. C．7.Passage4（2020·山東·濟(jì)寧學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)三模）Theyear2019markedthe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC).Overthepast70years,undertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC),Chinahasexperiencedhistoricchangesandmadegreatachievements.Thenationhasexperiencedgreateconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)growthinthepastsevendecades.In1978,China’sGDPwasthe11thhighestintheworld.In2010,ChinaovertookJapantobecomethesecond-largesteconomyintheworldaftertheUS.Thecountryisstillinthatpositionnow.WithChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)in2001,thecountryhasbecomeamajorpowerforworldeconomicgrowth.Since2002,ithashelpedtheworldeconomygrowbynearly30%onaverage(平均).TodayChinaistheworld’slargestexporter(出口國(guó))andthesecond-largestimporter(進(jìn)口國(guó)),accordingtoChinaDaily.Infightingpoverty(貧窮)inrecentdecades,Chinahasmadehistoricachievementsandbecomeamajorcontributortotheimprovementofpeople’slivesaroundtheworld.Toreduce(減少)poverty,theChinesegovernmenthasdonealotofwork.Itbuiltroads,createdjobs,andgavepeoplebettereducationandmedicalservices.Thecountryhaspromisedtoeradicate(根除)extreme(極端)povertyby2020,andtodate,morethan800millionChinesehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty,ChinaDailynoted.Asforeducation,manyChinesearegoingabroadtostudyanddoresearch.Over600,000Chinesewentabroadtostudyin2018,accordingtoChinaDaily.Chinahasalsosetup536ConfuciusInstitutes(孔子學(xué)院)inmorethan150countries.ManyforeignstudentsarelearningChineselanguageandculturethere.16．WhatdoweknowaboutChina’seconomy?A．China’seconomyisthesecond-largestintheworld. B．China’seconomyovertookJapan’sforoneyear.C．China’sGDPreacheditshighestlevelin1978. D．Chinaistheworld’slargestimporterandexporter.17．WhathasChinadonetoreducepoverty?a.Builtroads.b.Createdmorejobs.c.Givenpeoplemoney.d.Improvedmedicalservices.e.Providedfreecollegeeducation.A．a(chǎn)be B．a(chǎn)bd C．a(chǎn)cd D．bce18．Whatisthelastparagraphabout?A．HowmanyChinesestudentsarestudyingabroad. B．WhyChinahassetupConfuciusInstitutes.C．China’sdevelopmentineducation. D．China’ssupportforforeignstudents.19．Whatisthisarticlemainlyabout?A．HowgreatChina’seconomyis. B．HowChinahasfoughtpoverty.C．HowChina’seducationhaschanged. D．TheachievementsChinahasmade.Passage5（2021·山東北區(qū)·二模）WiththedevelopmentofChina,manytraditionalinkpaintings（水墨畫）showthechangesinsouthernChinesevillages.ShangXinzhou,apainterfromtheGuangxiArtsUniversity,hasbeencreatingtraditionalinkpaintingsformanyyears.Hispaintingsshowthelifeinpoorareas.“ThankstomyexperienceinDuomaiVillage,Icanmakethepaintingsmuchlovelier,”saidthe36-year-oldpainter,whohasspenttwoandahalfyearsworkingthere.Shang’spaintingsshowtheprogressinthefightagainstpoverty.Hisworksshowchangesfromdifficultlocalconditionsandpeople’shardtimestobetterconditionsandhappylives.“Ilikedrawingpeople’sreallives,andpaintingscanbeabridgeforcommunicationbetweenthelocalpeopleandme.”saidShang.Duringhisstay,heputhispaintingsaboutthelocallifeontheInternettohelpvillagersselltheirproducts.Tomakethenightlifetherericher,hesoldpaintingstobuystreetlights,sopeoplecouldenjoysquaredancingintheevening.Shang’sexcellentworkswerepopularinthevillage.“Ilovehispaintingsandtheyshowgreatchangesinourvillage,”saidafarmer.Inrecentyears,moreartistshavetraveledtomountainvillagestorecordthedevelopmentofChina’spoorareas,tellingstoriesofthecountry’sfightagainstpoverty.“I’veseenthelocalpovertyalleviation.Iwanttorecordthechangesofthepoorareasandcreatemoreworksaboutpeople,”saidShang.20．WhatmadeShang’spaintingslovelier?A．Hishappylife. B．Hisstayinacity.C．Hisexperienceinavillage. D．Hisexperienceinauniversity.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“poverty”meaninChinese?A．沉默 B．交流 C．富有 D．貧窮22．WhatdidShangdoforthepeopleinDuomaiVillage?①hetaughtthemtodance.②Heboughtthemstreetlights.③Hehelpedthemselltheirproducts.④Hetaughtthemtocreatepaintings.A．①④ B．②③ C．①③ D．②④23．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．WhyShangcreatedthepaintings. B．WhenShangstartedtopaint.C．HowShang’slifewasinthevillage. D．WhereShangwillworkinthefuture.24．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Apainterspenthiswholelifefightingagainstpovertyinhiscity.B．ApaintertriedtoshowtheworldChinesetraditionalinkpaintings.C．Apainterusedhispaintingstorecordthechangesinpoorareas.D．Apainterfoundtheeasiestwaytomakehimselffamousinhiscountry.Passage6（2021·湖北谷城·一模）Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,Chinahastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoshakeoffpoverty（貧困）.MaoXianglin,62,avillageheadofXiazhuangvillage,WushancountyinChongqing.In1997,38-year-oldMaostartedtoworkasthePartysecretary（黨支書）ofhisvillage.Aroundthevillageare1,000-meter-tallcliffs（懸崖峭壁）,andtherewasonlyonepathwayoutofthevillageformanyyears.Ittookvillagersthreedaystowalktothenearesttown.Maodecidedtobuildaroad.“Wecan’tstaypoorforever.I’llleadusaswetry,eventhoughitwillbehard.”Maosaid.Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildtheroadwiththeir