專題09-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(練習(xí)版)

【命題分析】高考對情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查集中在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本意義及“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone”結(jié)構(gòu)語法上。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在近年高考語法填空題型中未考查，但仍然是高中英語語法學(xué)習(xí)中的重難點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法分考點(diǎn)1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法（1）、can,could①、表示能力，意為“能，會”；could表示過去的能力，不表示是否做。·●ShecanspeakFrenchfluently.她能講一口流利的法語?！馩urdaughtercouldwalkwhenshewasnineold.我們的女兒九個(gè)月大時(shí)就會走路了。②、can可用于肯定句中,表示客觀或理論上的可能性?！馠eisconfidentasolutioncanbefound.他確信會找到解決辦法?！馎nexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師也會犯錯(cuò)。③、表示請求或允許。在疑問句中,could可以代替can，語氣更委婉，但回答時(shí)要用can?！?--Can/CouldIuseyourbiketomorrowmorning?----Yes,youcan.---明天上午我可以用你的自行車嗎?----是的，可以。表示可能性,意為“可能”，can多用于否定句和疑問句中，could不受限。can比could語氣強(qiáng)。●Hecan'tbeourmanager.OurmanagerhasgonetoBeijing..他不可能是我們經(jīng)理。我們經(jīng)理已經(jīng)去北京了。⑤、表示驚異、懷疑、迷惑等態(tài)度，常用于否定句和疑問句中。●Howcanyoutreatmelikethat?你怎么能那樣對我?⑥、用于固定習(xí)語中:can't....too/enough(無論…也不過分；越…越好)；can'butdosth..(不得不做某事，只好做某事)；can'thelpdoingsth...(禁不住做某事)?！馡can'tthankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.我非常感謝你在我們不在家時(shí)幫助我的兒子?！馩necannotbutadmireherdetermination.人們不得不佩服她的決心。（2）、may、might①、表示請求或許可。在疑問句中,might可以代替may，語氣更加委婉?！?--MightIaskforapictureofyourlittledaughter?---Yes,youmay---我可以要一張你小女兒的照片嗎?----是的,可以②、表示可能性，意為“或許，可能”，通常用于肯定句和否定句中，might比may語氣弱?！?--Idon'treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?---Don'tworry.Hemightnotcome.Hesaidhewasn'tcertainwhathisplanswere.---我真的不喜歡詹姆斯。你為什么邀請他?---別擔(dān)心,他或許不會來。他說他還不能確定他的計(jì)劃。③、may可表示祝愿，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“May+主語+動(dòng)詞原形!”●Mayyoubehappyeveryday!愿你快樂每一天!③、用于固定短語中:may/mightaswell+動(dòng)詞原形(不妨……,還是…為好)；may/mightwell+動(dòng)詞原形(可能…)●Youmay/mightaswelltellhimthetruth.你不妨告訴他事實(shí)吧?！馠emay/mightwellstayinBeijingnow.他現(xiàn)在可能待在北京。（3）、must、haveto①、表示義務(wù)，意為“必須”。must強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的主觀看法，haveto則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要；在回答帶有must的問句時(shí)，否定式常用neednot(needn't)或don'thaveto,而不是用mustnot.●Wemustactasquicklyaspossiblenow.Justtelluswhether/ifyoucanundertakethetaskornot.現(xiàn)在我們必須盡快采取行動(dòng)。你就告訴我們你能否承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)?！馡havetogonow,becausemymotherisinhospital.我現(xiàn)在不得不走了，因?yàn)槲夷赣H在住院。②、must用來表示推測，意為“一定”，只能用在肯定句中?！馳oumustbehungryafteralongwalk.長途跋涉之后，你一定餓了?！馭omeonemusthaveusedmyumbrellayesterday.Ifounditwet.昨天一定有用了我的雨傘，我發(fā)現(xiàn)它濕了。③、must意為“偏要，非要……不可”?！馡fyoumusthaveacigarette,chooseaseatinthefirstrowofthesmokingsection.如果你非要吸煙的話,去吸煙區(qū)的第一排找個(gè)座位。④、mustn't表示禁止，意為“不得，不允許；一定不要”?！馳oumustn'tplaywiththeknife,oryoumayhurtyourself.你千萬不要玩刀,否則會傷到自己的。（4）、shall①、用于第一、三人稱的疑問句中，表示說話者征求對方的意見?！ぁ馭hallwebeginournewlessontoday?我們今天開始上新的一課好嗎?●Shallhecomeinnow?要不要讓他現(xiàn)在進(jìn)來?②、用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示說話者的命令、警告、威脅、允諾、決心等。●Youshallbepunishedforwhatyouhavedone.你必須為你的所作所為受到懲罰。③、用于條約、規(guī)定、法令、法律等，意為“必須”?！馩neofourrulesisthateverystudentshallwearschooluniformwhileatschool.我們有一條規(guī)定,那就是每名學(xué)生在校期間都必須穿校服。（5）、should、oughtto①、should表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)、勸告、建議等，意為“應(yīng)該”?！馱eshouldbestrictwithourselves.我們應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格要求②、should表示出乎意料的口氣，意為“竟然，居然”●Suchagentlemanshoulddothat..這樣一位紳士竟然會做那種事。③、oughtto表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”，語氣比should略重?！馳ououghtnottobesoselfish.你不應(yīng)該這么自私。should和oughtto表示推測，指合乎理想的情況或結(jié)果，意為“按說應(yīng)該”?！馮ryphoningRobert----heshouldbehomebynow.給羅伯特打個(gè)電話試試,他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該到家了（6）、will、would①、與各種人稱連用，用于陳述句中，表示主語的意志、意愿或決心。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去?！馡willnevertalktohimagain.我再也不愿意和他說話了?！馜ayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,butwouldn'tsaywherehewas.幾天后，我的哥哥打電話說他一切都好，但是他不愿說他在哪兒。②、表示征求意見或提出請求，多用于第二人稱疑問句中。would比will語氣委婉。●Will/Wouldyouclosethewindow?請把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎?③、表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作、固有屬性或必然趨勢，意為“總是；習(xí)慣于”。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去?！ぁ馞ishwilldiewithoutwater.沒有水，魚會死的?！馱henweworkedinthesamefirmseveralyearsago,wewouldoftengotothecinematogether.幾年前我們在同一家公司工作時(shí),我們常常一起去電影院看電影。（7）、need、dare①、need既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞；作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“需要”，常用于否定句和疑問句中。needn't表示“不必”；對need引出的一般疑問句作肯定回答時(shí)用must而不用need，作否定回答時(shí)用needn't?！馡needn'tuseaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.我不必用鬧鐘來叫醒自己，因?yàn)槊刻煸缟狭c(diǎn)都有火車從我家旁邊經(jīng)過。②、dare既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞；作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“敢，膽敢”，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，常用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中?！馡amsoafraidthatIdarenotmove.我嚇得一動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng)分考點(diǎn)2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone"”的用法①、musthavedone表示對過去已發(fā)生動(dòng)作的肯定推測，意為“想必/一定做了”，用于肯定句中，語氣強(qiáng)?！馮hechildrenmusthavegotlostinthewoods;otherwise,theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled.孩子們一定在森林里迷路了，否則，他們會按照計(jì)劃出現(xiàn)在湖邊營地。②、can'thavedone表示對過去情況把握較大的否定推測，意為“不可能做了”?！馡sawMr..Lijustnow.Hecan'thavegonetoBeijing.我剛才看見李先生了。他不可能去了北京。③、couldhavedone表示對過去情況的推測,意為“可能已經(jīng)做了”●Don'tworry--theycouldhavejustforgottentocall.別擔(dān)心,他們可能只是忘了打電話。表示對過去的虛擬，意為“本來能做”，但實(shí)際上沒做。●Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyouweretoocareless.你本來能做得更好些，但你當(dāng)時(shí)太粗心了。④、mayhavedone表示對過去情況的推測，意為“也許/或許已經(jīng)做了”，用于肯定句中，一般不用于疑問句中，語氣較弱,其否定形式為maynothavedone.●Shemayhaveboughtthedictionary,butI'mnotsure..她也許已經(jīng)買了那本詞典，但我不太確信。⑤、mighthavedone表示對過去情況的推測，意為“也許/或許已經(jīng)做了”，用于肯定句中，一般不用于疑問句中，語氣較mayhavedone更弱，其否定形式為mightnothavedone?！馭mithmighthavegonetoseethemovieyesterday.史密斯也許昨天已經(jīng)去看過這部電影了。表示對過去的虛擬，意為“本來可以做”,但實(shí)際上沒做?！馳oumighthavegivenhimmorehelp,thoughyouwerebusy.你本可以給他更多幫助的,雖然你當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。⑥、should/oughttohavedone表示對過去的虛擬。用于肯定句，意為“本該做”，而實(shí)際上未做；其否定式為shouldn't/oughtnottohavedone，意為“本不該做”，而實(shí)際上做了，表示責(zé)備或惋惜之情?！馠eissad.Youshouldn'thavetoldhimthebadnews.他感到難過。你本不應(yīng)該告訴他這個(gè)壞消息。⑦、needn’thavedone表示對過去的虛擬，意為“本來不必做”，而實(shí)際上做了?！馱eneedn'thaveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon'tbewithusfordinner.既然蘇西不與我們一起吃晚飯，我們原本不必買那么多食物。⑧、wouldratherhavedone意為“寧愿當(dāng)時(shí)做了”，其否定式為wouldrathernothavedone。兩者都含有后悔之意?！馡raisedobjectionsatthemeeting,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.會上提出異議,但現(xiàn)在我寧愿自己沒那么做。⑨、wouldlike/lovetohavedone表示過去本打算做，但實(shí)際上未做成?！馡wouldlovetohaveattendedthemeetinglastSunday,butIhadtofinishmyreport.上周日我本來很想去參加會議的,但我得完成報(bào)告?！馱asthereanythingyouwouldliketohavedoneduringhighschool?在高中時(shí)期，有沒有什么事是你想做卻沒有做成的?1．Itwasreallyannoying;I________getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)2．—Ihonestlydon’tthinkI’mgoingtobeadmitted.—Well,youneverknow!You________(make)abetterimpressionthanyouthink.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)3．Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehe________findthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)4．Itusedtobethatyou________driveformilesherewithoutseeinganotherperson,butnowtherearehousesandpeopleeverywhere.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)5．Ican’tspeakforeveryone,butI________speakformyself.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）6．Toallthepeoplewatching,I________thankyouenoughforyourkindnesstomeandI’llthinkaboutitfortherestofmylife.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)7．—It’ssohotanduncomfortablehere!Whyareyourwindowsstillclosed?—Oh,I’mnottoblame.They________(open).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)8．“Theinterest________bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）9．—CanIpaythebillbycheck?—Sorry,sir.Butitistheruleofourhotelthatpayment________bemadeincash.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）10．Passengers________talktothedriverwhilethebusismoving,becauseitwilltakehisfocusofftheroad.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）11．I'mnotsureofthereasonforthedog'sillness,butit________(cause)byeatingtoomuch.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）12．Althoughpassingthedrivingtest________bedifficultnow,it'sworththeefforts.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）13．WhenIwassmall,mymom________readmestoriesatnight.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）14．Whyareyouhere?It’sclasstimeandyou________beintheclassroomnow.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）15．You________(not)sitinthispart.It’sforwomenandchildrenonly.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）16．—Tomhasarrived._________hecomeintoseeyou?—Yes,ofcourse.Callhimin.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）17．Itisrainingheavilyoutside.You________aswellstayhereforthenight.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）18．WhentheoldcouplelivedinChongqing,they________takeawalkinanearbyparkonafineafternoon.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)19．I________thankyoutoomuchbecausewithoutyourhelpIwouldn’thavewonthefirstprize.(根據(jù)句意填空)20．There________beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.(根據(jù)句意填空)21．Hurryup!They________(wait)forusnow.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)22．Ifyou________go，atleastwaituntilthestormisover.(根據(jù)句意填空)23．Intoday'sinformationage，thelossofdata________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.(根據(jù)句意填空)24．Interestedinpainting,he__________paintwithpenandpaperafterwork,graduallycultivatinghimselfintoaself-taughtpainter.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）25．Why__________youchoosetoworkinaremotevillageschoolwhenyoucanownarespectablejobinacity?（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）26．Noone__________bemorewarm-hearted;hehasaheartofgold.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）27．—Didyouvisitthefamousculturalrelicslastmonth?—No,we________(visit)it,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)28．You________becarefulwiththecamera.Itcosts!(根據(jù)句意填空)29．It________bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.(根據(jù)句意填空)30．You________feelallthetrainingawasteoftime,butI’mahundredpercentsurelateryou’llbegratefulyoudidit.(根據(jù)句意填空)31．—Can’tyoustayalittlelonger?—It’sgettinglate.Ireally________gonow.Mydaughterishomealone.(根據(jù)句意填空)32．Ithinkthework_________becompletedaheadoftime.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)33．Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe______(come)tothemeeting.（所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）34．You________nothavewakenmeup.Idon'thavetogotoworktoday.(用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空)35．—Whataslowbusthisis!—Yes,we____justaswellwalk.(用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空)36．Ifyouwanttopryintootherpeople’sbusiness,you________notdoithere,youngman.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）37．I________(be)intheshadelikealltheothertourists,thenIwouldn’thavegotburned.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）38．Ifyou________haveacigarette,chooseaseatinthefirstrowofthesmokingsection.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）39．SuddenlyitoccurredtomethatI________haveleftmysuitcaseinthetaxi.ButIwasnotsure.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）40．—Hereyouare.Thisisthehote