貴州省黔東南州2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷

貴州省黔東南州2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、閱讀理解閱讀理解TakeAScenicRideOnTheWorld'sSteepestRailwayForPassengers—IfYouDare!Originallybuiltforminingin1878,theScenicRailwayisnowatouristridethatcantakeyourbreathaway!IntheBlueMountainsofNewSouthWales,Australia,theformerminingrailwaybecameatouristattractionin1945.ItcurrentlyholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordsasthesteepestpassengertrainwiththesteepestrailwaygradient(坡度).Thegradientof52degreesiscomfortablyviewedfrominsidean84-seat,glass-enclosedcarriagecar.Thepassengercartravelsalongonacable-drivensystemofrailsasitnavigatesthesteepterrain.Duringthetour,passengerswillseethetraintravelthroughsandstonecliffsandarocktunnelnexttoOrphanRock.OrphanRockwasonceavailablefortrailclimbing.Followingrockslidesinthe1950s,thetrailwaspartiallyclosed.Thetrailaccesswascompletelyclosedin1974andneverreopenedduetopotentialrisks.OntheScenicRailway,youwillseestunningviewsfromaslightlydifferentanglethanOrphanRock.Therailwayisopeneverydayoftheyear,makingthetripalongtherailseverytenminutes.Sight-seeingpassengerscanridethesteepestrailwayupfromtheJamisonValleyortravelonthecablecar.EitheroptionaffordsincrediblescenicviewsoftheBlueMountains.Theglassroofinthepassengercarsallowsforafantasticviewfromeveryseatonthetrain.Justtakealookforyourself!1．WheremighttheScenicRailwayoriginallyleadto?A．Amine. B．Avillage. C．Amountain. D．Avalley.2．WhatcanbeknownaboutthetrailaccesstoOrphanRock?A．Itisarocktunnel.B．Itisoutofuse.CItispartiallyopen.D.Itisa10-minutetrip.3．WhatmightbetheScenicRailwaytriplike?A．Eco-friendly. B．Absurd. C．Demanding. D．Adventurous.閱讀理解Atfirstglancetheseaturtleslookasiftheyweredeadbecausetheyhardlymove.Butifyoulookcloselyenough,theyshowaslowglimpseoflife.TheseturtlesareallwashedupinMassachusettseveryDecember,onthewindybeachesofCapeCodBay.Shaver,chiefoftheDivisionofSeaTurtleScienceandRecoveryatPadreIslandNationalSeashoreinTexas,said,"Ifwedon'thelpsavethisspecies,wewillloseapiecethatenrichesus.There'sawholevarietyofthingsthatcanharmthem:oilspills,boatstrikes,redtides,andsoon."Thatiswhyalltheurgentcarethey'regettingbackupNorthismoreimportantthanever.Savingcouldneverhappenunlesshundredsofpilotswerewillingtovolunteertheirtime,theirplanes,andtheirfueltorushtherescuedturtlestowillingrehabfacilities(康復(fù)中心)allaroundthecountry.Onthisparticularmission,Andrews,vicepresidentofauniquenonprofitcalledTurtlesFlyToo,withhisdadasaco-pilot,willflymorethan2,000miles,fromBoston,toAtlanta,thenontoGulfportandfinallyDallas,droppingoff44sickseaturtlesalongtheway,inhopesthatonedaythey'llbewellenoughtobereleased.Itisworthmentioningthatthepilotsthatareflyingthesemissionsarepulling$1millionoutoftheirpockettoflythesemissionseveryyear.Withgoodcareandthehelpofvolunteers,theseturtleswerefinallyreadytogohomeagain.AccordingtoAndrews,"90%oftheturtlesthatwe'vemovedtotherehabfacilitieshaveendedupbackintheocean.""Wehumanshavenotalwaysbeenkindtotheseaandthosethatliveinit.Butonthisday,itwashumans—notme,butthehundredsofveterinarians,biologists,volunteers,andpilots—whoallcametogethertogivethesecritically-endangeredseaturtlesasecondchancethattheyrarelygot,"Andrewsadded.4．WhathappenstotheturtlesonthebeachesofCapeCodBay?A．Theyaredyingout. B．Theyadapttolivingonshore.C．Theyareindanger. D．Theyarecaughtbyhumans.5．HowdidShaversoundwhenspeakingoftheturtlerescue?A．Thrilled. B．Concerned. C．Annoyed. D．Moved.6．Whatcontributesmosttotheturtles'returninghome?A．Thepilots'generousdevotion.B．Thedivision'surgentcare.C．Therehabfacilities'willingnesstohelp.D．Theimprovementoftheturtles'habitats.7．Whatcanwesayabouttherescuingresult?A．Itisunsatisfactory. B．Itislesseffective.C．Itiscontroversial. D．Itquitepaysoff.閱讀理解Faceblindness,amystifyingconditionthatcantrickusintobelievingwerecognizepeoplewe'venevermetormakeusfailtorecognizethosewehave,hasbeenpreviouslyestimatedtoaffectbetween2and2.5percentofpeopleintheworld.Now,anewstudybyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool(HMS)andtheVABostonHealthcareSystemisprovidingfreshinsightsintothedisorder,suggestingitmaybemorecommonthancurrentlybelieved.PublishedinFebruary2023inCortex,thestudyfindingsindicatethatasmanyasonein33peoplemaymeetthecriteriaforfaceblindness,orprosopagnosia(面孔失認癥)."Thistranslatestomorethan10millionAmericans,"theresearchteamsaid.Thestudyfoundsimilarface-matchingperformancebetweenpeoplediagnosedwithprosopagnosiausingstrictervsloosercriteria,suggestingthatdiagnosticcriteriashouldbeexpandedtobemoreinclusive.Thatcouldleadtonewdiagnosesamongmillionswhomayhavethedisorderbutdon'trealizeit.Thestudyresultsarebasedonaweb-basedquestionnaireandtestsadministeredto3,341individuals.First,theresearchersaskedparticipantswhethertheyexperiencedifficultiesrecognizingfacesintheireverydaylives.Thentheyadministeredtwoobjectiveteststodeterminewhethertheyhaddifficultieslearningnewfacesorrecognizinghighlyfamiliarfamousfaces.Theresultsshowedthat31individualsoutofthe3,341hadmajorprosopagnosia,while72ofthe3,341hadamilderform.Theresearchersalsoobservedthattherewerenoneatlydividedseparategroupsofpeoplewithpoororgoodabilitytorecognizefaces.Rather,theabilitytorecognizefacesappearedtolieonacontinuum(連續(xù)體).Finally,theresearcherscomparedface-matchingscoresamongpeoplewithprosopagnosiadiagnosedusingdifferentcriteriaandfoundthatusingstricterdiagnosticcutoffsdidnotcorrespondwithlowerface-matchingscores.Inthenewstudy,theresearchersprovidediagnosticsuggestionsforidentifyingmildandmajorformsofprosopagnosiabasedonguidelinesformajorandmildneurocognitivedisordersintheDSM5,the5theditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders.8．Whichofthefollowingindicatesapersonhasfaceblindness?A．Failingtoidentifyhisbelongings.B．Beingabletorecognizehisfriends.C．Mistakingastrangerforanacquaintance.D．Misunderstandingones'facialexpressions.9．Whatquestionissuretobeincludedinthequestionnaire?A．Doyouhavetroublerecognizingfaces?B．Doyouknowwhatfaceblindnessmeans?C．Doyouknowanybodywithfaceblindness?D．Doyouexperiencedifficultiesineverydaylife?10．WhatdoweknowabouttheDSM5?A．Itcameupbasedonthenewstudy.B．Ithasexperiencedfourrevisions.C．Itisonlyusedtoidentifyfaceblindness.D．Itparticipatedinandfundedthenewstudy.11．Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A．Afictionnovel. B．Afashionwebsite.C．Ahealthbrochure. D．Asciencemagazine.閱讀理解Plastic,whichisnowcommon,containsendocrine-disruptingchemicals,orEDCs(內(nèi)分泌干擾物),thathasbeenlinkedtoincreasedriskofmanychronicdiseases.ParentalexposuretoEDCs,forexample,hasbeenshowntocausemetabolic(新陳代謝的)disorders,includingobesityanddiabetes,inthelatergenerations.LedbyChangchengZhou,aprofessorofbiomedicalsciencesintheSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofCalifornia,theresearchersinvestigatedtheimpactoffathers'exposuretoaphthalatecalleddicyclohexylphthalate,orDCHP(鄰苯二甲酸二環(huán)己酯),onthemetabolichealthoffirstgeneration(F1)andsecondgeneration(F2)inmice.Phthalatesarechemicalsusedtomakeplasticmoredurable.Theresearchersfoundthatfathers'DCHPexposureforfourweeksledtohighinsulin(胰島素)resistanceandimpairedinsulinsignalinginF1.Thesameeffect,butweaker,wasseeninF2."Wefoundfathers'exposuretoEDCsmayhaveintergenerationalandtransgenerationaldetrimentaleffectsonthemetabolichealthoftheirlatergenerations,"Zhousaid."Tothebestofourknowledge,ourstudyisthefirsttodemonstratethis."Inthecaseoffathers'exposureinthestudy,intergenerationaleffectsarechangesthatoccurduetodirectexposuretoastressor,suchasexposuretoDCHPoffathers(F0generation)andhisF1generation.Transgenerationaleffectsarechangespasseddowntolatergenerationsthatarenotdirectlyexposedtothestressor(forexample,F2generation)."Thissuggeststhatfathers'DCHPexposurecanleadtosex-specifictransgenerationaleffectsonthemetabolichealthoftheirlatergenerations,"Zhousaid.ZhoustressedthattheimpactofexposuretoDCHPonhumanhealthisnotwellunderstood,eventhoughDCHPiswidelyusedinavarietyofplasticproductsandhasbeendetectedinfood,water,andindoorparticulatematter."It'sbesttominimizeouruseofplasticproducts,"Zhousaid."Thiscanalsohelpreduceplasticpollution,oneofourmostpressingenvironmentalissues."12．Whyarephthalatesaddedtoplastic?A．Tobeautifyit. B．Tomakeitlong-lasting.C．Toreduceitscost. D．Toincreaseitsweight.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"detrimental"inparagraph4probablymean?A．Negative. B．External. C．Distinct. D．Adventurous.14．WhatdidZhouadvisepeopletodo?A．Buryplasticwaste.B．Watchoutforthefoodtheyeat.C．Usefewestplasticproducts.D．Neverproduceplasticproducts.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．PlasticcontainsendocrinedisruptingchemicalsB．PlasticpollutionisapressingenvironmentalissueC．DCHPiswidelyusedinavarietyofplasticproductsD．Chemicalsinplasticmayimpacttwogenerations'health二、七選五任務(wù)型閱讀HowToSpendTheHolidaysProductively?Togetthemostoutofyourholidays,youcanmakeacalendarofthethingsyouneedtodoandscheduleintimeforamixtureoffunactivitiesandproductivetasks.Createacalendarofeverythingyouwanttodoovertheholidays.Ifyouwanttokeepyourselfonaregularscheduleoveryourholidaybreak,makingacalendarcanhelpyoustayorganized.16．Then,workeverythingelsearoundthoseevents.Spendtimelearningorimprovingaskill,acraft,orahobby.Ifyouhavealotoffreetimeovertheholidays,tryusingthattimetolearnsomethingnew.17．Oryoumighttrylearningtoplayanewsongifyouplaytheguitar.Youcanalsotrysomethingtotallynew,likecross-stitching,buildingamodelcar,orbrewingbeer.18．.Thehustle(忙碌)oftheholidayscansometimesbestressful,andthereareusuallyalotoftastytreatstotemptyouintoeatingunhealthily.Luckily,youcanhelpcounteractbothofthesethingsbyspendingabout30minutesadayexercising.Forinstance,youmightgoforajogonatrack,trysomelightaerobicexercise,ordoweighttraining.Volunteertohelpoutinyourcommunity.19．Mostcommunitieshaveayear-roundneedforvolunteers,althoughyoumayfindthattherearemoreopportunitiesaroundtheholidayseason,whenmanyorganizationsrunextraclothingandfooddrives.Createaplanfortheyearahead.Astheyeardrawstoaclose,takealittletimetothinkaboutyouryearahead.20．.A.Exerciseeachdaytostayhealthyandrelievestress.B.Startbyfillinginthemostimportantthingsyouneedtodo.C.Setasidetimeforanyworkorschoolworkyouneedtogetdone.D.Youmightpracticeanewdrawingtechniqueifyouloveart,forinstance.E.Lookonlineorreachouttononprofitsinyourareatofindouthowyoucanhelp.F.Spendyourholidaybreakbuildingcontactsbylookingupnetworkingeventsnearyou.G.Bysettingclear,achievablegoalstoaccomplish,you'llstayfocusedthroughouttheyear.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空AsheepinScotland,knownasthe"loneliestsheep",wasstuckatthebottomofacliffforovertwoyears.Agroupoffarmersmadeittheir21．torescuethesheep.Thesheepwasfirst22．in2021byakayaker(皮劃艇運動員)andhadbeenunabletomovefromthat23．sincethen.Localagencieswere24．butsaidthesheepwasnotindangerandcouldnotberescued.Oneofthefarmers,Wilson,namedthesheepFionaandprovided25．a(chǎn)boutheronhissocialmediaaccount.Wilsonexplainedthatitwastoo26．toattemptarescueearlierduetothedangerouslocationofthesheep.Heexpressedconcernsaboutthesafetyoftherescuersandthedifficultyof27．thesheepbyboatorwithadog.However,aftercareful28．,WilsonandfourothermensuccessfullyrescuedFionausingheavy29．a(chǎn)ndawinch(絞車).They30．broughthertotheslopeofthecliff.TheScottishSocietyforPreventionofCrueltytoAnimalswaspresentto31．thewelfareofthesheep.TheyconfirmedthatFionawasingood32．butneededherwooltobesheared(剪).Theownershipofthesheepwastransferredtothe33．groupoffarmers.Wilson34．therisksinvolvedintherescueandexpressedgratitudeforthesuccessful35．.21．A．way B．destination C．burden D．mission22．A．discovered B．witnessed C．employed D．followed23．A．base B．form C．spot D．extent24．A．hesitating B．urgent C．optimistic D．sympathetic25．A．a(chǎn)ccounts B．updates C．benefits D．identities26．A．illegal B．expensive C．risky D．complex27．A．reaching B．finding C．defending D．caring28．A．identifying B．planning C．disguising D．defining29．A．substance B．material C．hand D．equipment30．A．frequently B．physically C．safely D．openly31．A．provide B．ensure C．guide D．promote32．A．condition B．potential C．mood D．fashion33．A．charity B．protection C．rescue D．cheering34．A．reflectedon B．broughtinC．brokedown D．calledup35．A．incident B．scene C．barrier D．outcome四、短文填空短文填空ThisIsLife,adocumentaryfilm,issettogracethenation'sbigscreensonJan.13.Thefilmfeaturesmorethan800shortvideos36．(shoot)by509ordinarypeoplefromall37．(walk)oflife,especiallymanuallaborersandfarmers.Thevideos38．(select)bytheproductioncrewoverthecourseofayearfrom39．totalofmorethan50,000videoclips(片段).Bygatheringtheshortvideofootage,thefilmengagesordinarypeopleinitscreationandpresentstheirauthenticlifeexperience,40．(allow)thosewhoareofteninadequatelyrepresentedinmainstreamcinemastotakecenterstage.Accordingtothefilm'sdirectorSunHong,bygathering,selecting41．compiling(編輯)videoclipsfromavastdatabase,thefilmpresentshowpeoplerecordtheirownlives,whichpossessesapowerofauthenticityeven42．(great)thantraditionaldocumentaries.Inthefilm,theaudiencewillseeconstructionworkersworkingoutontheconstructionsiteduringtheirsparetime,fishermentalkingtotheircormorantsandteasingtheirgreedinessforfish,orboatmencelebratingarareday43．theycouldusetapwater."Itisourcreativeeffort,asdocumentaryfilmmakers,44．(present)anauthenticfacetofChina,highlightinghoweachindividualestablishesthemselvesina45．(rapid)developingsociety,"saysSun.五、書面表達46．假定你是李華，你是你班春季運動會負責人，你想邀請你的交換生同Jason參加4×100米接力賽(4×100mrelay)。請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.運動會情況介紹;2.發(fā)出邀請;3.期待回復(fù)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJason,Howareyoudoing?Yours,LiHua六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Agoldenhazesettledoverthecornfields.Thesunpreparedtorestfortheevening,andIintendedtofollow.Sayinggoodbyetotheclan(宗族)Iwasstayingwith,Iheadedbacktocamp.IlookedforwardtosettingmycameraasideforaneveningtoreflectonmytimeinEthiopia.Itwasn'tlongwhenIheardavoicebehindme,"Photo,photo,photo."AyoungSurmaboyabouteightyearsoldfollowedcloselyatmyheels.Ibreathedatiredsigh.Ihadnoenergytopresstheshutterbuttononemoretime,nomatterhowbeautifuloreagerhewas.Overthepastfourdays,manyinthecamphadwantedtheirphotographtaken.Ihopedtheboywouldfindsomeoneelsetosnaphisphotograph,buthekeptfollowingmeandsaying,"Photo,photo,photo."Hemanagedtocatchmyeye.Witheyeswidefullofhope,heaskedmeagainwithanticipationonhisface.AsIlookedathim,halfinterested,anideaforacompositionflashedinmymind.Ikneeledinthecornfieldandinstructedtheboywheretostandandhowtopose.AsIpreparedtotakethephotograph,hisenergysuddenlyshiftedfromeagernesstoshynesstofear.NomatterwhatItoldhimtodo—howtostandandhowtolook—Ijustcouldn'tgettheshot.Frustrated,Igaveup.Ilookedattheboy,wholookedaloneandawkward.He'dwantedhisphotographtaken,andnowhe'dgonecamera-shy.Inanefforttocheerhim,Iclappedmyhands,saying,"Thatwasgreat.Youweregreat."Othersinhisclangatheredaround,cheeringandclappingloudly.Theboy'sfaceimmediatelybrokeintoasmile.Iintuitively(憑直覺地)tookafewshotsofthemoment.ThatphotographturnedouttobebetterthanI'dimagined.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。IprintedalargecopyofthephotographandreturnedtotheSurmaboy'sclan.AsIleftEthiopia,IheldontothememoryoftheSurmaboy'sjoyoustearsandthecollectivehopeofhisclan.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了去澳大利亞新南威爾士州的藍山，世界上最陡峭的鐵路上欣賞一下風景。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項信息結(jié)合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Originallybuiltforminingin1878,theScenicRailwayisnowatouristridethatcantakeyourbreathaway!這條風景鐵路最初是1878年為采礦而建的，現(xiàn)在是一條可以讓你窒息的旅游線路!可知這條風景鐵路原本可能通往一個礦井；故答案為A。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OrphanRockwasonceavailablefortrailclimbing.Followingrockslidesinthe1950s,thetrailwaspartially

closed.Thetrailaccesswascompletelyclosedin1974andneverreopenedduetopotentialrisks.孤兒巖曾經(jīng)是小徑攀登的場所。隨著20世紀50年代的巖石滑坡，這條小徑部分關(guān)閉。1974年，這條小徑完全關(guān)閉，由于潛在的風險，從未重新開放。可知它已經(jīng)不再使用了；故答案為B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)IntheBlueMountainsofNewSouthWales,Australia,theformerminingrailwaybecameatourist

attractionin1945.ItcurrentlyholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordsasthesteepestpassengertrainwiththesteepestrailwaygradient(坡度).1945年，在澳大利亞新南威爾士州的藍山，以前的采礦鐵路成為了一個旅游景點。它目前保持著最陡鐵路坡度最陡客運列車的吉尼斯世界紀錄?？芍L景火車之旅是新奇的，令人興奮的；故答案為D。【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了拯救馬薩諸塞州的科德角灣海龜?shù)墓适隆?/p>

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項信息結(jié)合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shaver,chiefoftheDivisionofSeaTurtleScienceandRecoveryatPadreIslandNationalSeashoreinTexas,

said,"Ifwedon'thelpsavethisspecies,wewillloseapiecethatenrichesus.There'sawholevarietyofthingsthatcanharmthem:oilspills,boatstrikes,redtides,andsoon."Thatiswhyalltheurgentcarethey'regettingbackupNorthismoreimportantthanever.Shaver是德克薩斯州帕德雷島國家海岸海龜科學(xué)與恢復(fù)部門的負責人，他說:"如果我們不幫助拯救這個物種，我們將失去一塊豐富我們的東西。有各種各樣的事情會傷害它們:石油泄漏、船只撞擊、赤潮等等。"這就是為什么他們回到北方的緊急護理比以往任何時候都重要?？芍麄兲幱谖ｋU中；故答案為C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Shaver,chiefoftheDivisionofSeaTurtleScienceandRecoveryatPadreIslandNationalSeashoreinTexas

,said,"Ifwedon'thelpsavethisspecies,wewillloseapiecethatenrichesus.There'sawholevarietyofthingsthatcanharmthem:oilspills,boatstrikes,redtides,andsoon."Shaver是德克薩斯州帕德雷島國家海岸海龜科學(xué)與恢復(fù)部門的負責人，他說:"如果我們不幫助拯救這個物種，我們將失去一塊豐富我們的東西。有各種各樣的事情會傷害它們:石油泄漏、船只撞擊、赤潮等等。"可知他很擔心的海龜救援；故答案為B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Onthisparticularmission,Andrews,vicepresidentofauniquenonprofitcalledTurtlesFlyToo,withhis

dadasaco-pilot,willflymorethan2,000miles,fromBoston,toAtlanta,thenontoGulfportandfinallyDallas,dropping

off44sickseaturtlesalongtheway,inhopesthatonedaythey'llbewellenoughtobereleased.Itisworthmentioningthatthepilotsthatareflyingthesemissionsarepulling$1millionoutoftheirpockettoflythesemissionseveryyear.安德魯斯是一個名為"海龜也會飛"的獨特非營利組織的副總裁，他的父親是副駕駛，在這次特殊的任務(wù)中，安德魯斯將飛行2000多英里，從波士頓到亞特蘭大，然后到格爾夫波特，最后到達拉斯，沿途放下44只生病的海龜，希望有一天它們能康復(fù)到可以被放生。值得一提的是，執(zhí)行這些任務(wù)的飛行員每年要從口袋里拿出100萬美元來執(zhí)行這些任務(wù)?？芍w行員的慷慨奉獻；故答案為A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Withgoodcareandthehelpofvolunteers,theseturtleswerefinallyreadytogohomeagain.According

toAndrews,"90%oftheturtlesthatwe'vemovedtotherehabfacilitieshaveendedupbackintheocean."在志愿者的悉心照料和幫助下，這些海龜終于準備好回家了。安德魯斯說:"我們送到康復(fù)中心的海龜中，90%最終都回到了海洋。"可知這營救結(jié)果是值得的；故答案為D?！敬鸢浮?．C9．A10．B11．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。講述了關(guān)于臉盲癥的科學(xué)報道。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項信息結(jié)合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Faceblindness,amystifyingconditionthatcantrickusintobelievingwerecognizepeoplewe'venever

metormakeusfailtorecognizethosewehave,hasbeenpreviouslyestimatedtoaffectbetween2and2.5percentofpeopleintheworld.盲癥是一種令人費解的疾病，它會欺騙我們，讓我們相信我們認識從未見過的人，或者讓我們認不出我們見過的人。此前估計，世界上有2%到2.5%的人患有臉盲癥?？芍心樏ぐY的人會把陌生人當成熟人；故答案為C。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thestudyresultsarebasedonaweb-basedquestionnaireandtestsadministeredto3,341individuals.

First,theresearchersaskedparticipantswhethertheyexperiencedifficultiesrecognizingfacesintheireverydaylives.Thentheyadministeredtwoobjectiveteststodeterminewhethertheyhaddifficultieslearningnewfacesorrecognizinghighlyfamiliarfamousfaces.研究結(jié)果基于基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的問卷調(diào)查和對3341人進行的測試。首先，研究人員詢問參與者在日常生活中是否有識別面孔的困難。然后，他們進行了兩項客觀測試，以確定他們是否在學(xué)習新面孔或識別非常熟悉的名人面孔方面存在困難。可知問卷中肯定會包括：你認臉有困難嗎?；故答案為A。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Inthenewstudy,theresearchersprovidediagnosticsuggestionsforidentifyingmildandmajorforms

ofprosopagnosiabasedonguidelinesformajorandmildneurocognitivedisordersintheDSM5,the5theditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders.在這項新研究中，研究人員根據(jù)《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》第5版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》中關(guān)于嚴重和輕度神經(jīng)認知障礙的指南，為識別輕度和主要形式的面孔失認癥提供了診斷建議。可知它經(jīng)歷了四次修訂；故答案為B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Inthenewstudy,theresearchersprovidediagnosticsuggestionsforidentifyingmildandmajor

formsofprosopagnosiabasedonguidelinesformajorandmildneurocognitivedisordersintheDSM5,the5theditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders.在這項新研究中，研究人員根據(jù)《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》第5版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》中關(guān)于嚴重和輕度神經(jīng)認知障礙的指南，為識別輕度和主要形式的面孔失認癥提供了診斷建議。可知這篇文章應(yīng)該出自于一本健康手冊；故答案為C?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．A14．C15．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。論述了塑料中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會影響兩代人的健康。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及詞義猜測題，細節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題。解答詞義猜測題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項信息結(jié)合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷；解答主旨大意題時需要根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和選項來判斷出正確答案。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Phthalatesarechemicalsusedtomakeplasticmoredurable.鄰苯二甲酸鹽是用來使塑料更耐用的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。可知讓它可以持久使用；故答案為B。13．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文Theresearchersfoundthatfathers'DCHPexposureforfourweeksledtohighinsulin(胰島素)

resistanceandimpairedinsulinsignalinginF1.Thesameeffect,butweaker,wasseeninF2.研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，父親接觸DCHP四周會導(dǎo)致高胰島素抵抗(胰島素)和F1中的胰島素信號受損。F2也有同樣的效果，但效果較弱。可知該詞detrimental是負面意義的詞，意思為：有害的，負面的；故答案為A。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"It'sbesttominimizeouruseofplasticproducts,"Zhousaid."Thiscanalsohelpreduceplasticpollution

,oneofourmostpressingenvironmentalissues.""我們最好盡量減少塑料制品的使用，"周說。"這也有助于減少塑料污染，這是我們最緊迫的環(huán)境問題之一。"可知少用塑料制品；故答案為C。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，總分，由第一段Plastic,whichisnowcommon,containsendocrine-disruptingchemicals,or

EDCs(內(nèi)分泌干擾物),thathasbeenlinkedtoincreasedriskofmanychronicdiseases.ParentalexposuretoEDCs,for

example,hasbeenshowntocausemetabolic(新陳代謝的)disorders,includingobesityanddiabetes,inthelater

generations.塑料現(xiàn)在很常見，它含有干擾內(nèi)分泌的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，或EDCs(內(nèi)分泌干擾物)，這與許多慢性疾病的風險增加有關(guān)。例如，父母接觸EDCs已被證明會導(dǎo)致后代的代謝性疾病(新陳代謝的)，包括肥胖和糖尿病。可知塑料中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會影響兩代人的健康；故答案為D?！敬鸢浮?6．B；17．D；18．A；19．E；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何在假期期間有產(chǎn)出地度過時間。建議制定一個日歷并安排時間來完成重要的事情，同時學(xué)習新的技能、手工或愛好，每天鍛煉來保持健康，參加社區(qū)志愿活動，以及為未來的一年制定計劃。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Createacalendarofeverythingyouwanttodoovertheholidays.Ifyouwanttokeepyourselfonaregularscheduleoveryourholidaybreak,makingacalendarcanhelpyoustayorganized."創(chuàng)建一個日歷，列出假期里你想做的所有事情。如果你想讓自己在假期有規(guī)律的安排，制作一個日歷可以幫助你保持條理性?？芍颂帍娬{(diào)的是在假期中制作一個日歷可以幫助你保持條理性。后文應(yīng)該對日歷的具體內(nèi)容進行解釋。B.Startbyfillinginthemostimportantthingsyouneedtodo."從填寫你需要做的最重要的事情開始"中強調(diào)以最重要的事情作為自己假期日歷的開始，承接前文，符合語境。故選B。17．根據(jù)空前"Spendtimelearningorimprovingaskill,acraft,orahobby.Ifyouhavealotoffreetimeovertheholidays,tryusingthattimetolearnsomethingnew."花時間學(xué)習或提高一項技能、手藝或愛好。如果你在假期里有很多空閑時間，試著利用這些時間學(xué)習新的東西。可知，此處強調(diào)的是通過假期學(xué)習新東西來度過自己的假期。D.Youmightpracticeanewdrawingtechniqueifyouloveart,forinstance."例如，如果你喜歡藝術(shù)，你可能會練習一種新的繪畫技巧"具體列舉出假期可以通過學(xué)習新的繪畫技巧讓自己更加高效地度過假期，符合語境。故選D。18．根據(jù)空后"Thehustle(忙碌)oftheholidayscansometimesbestressful,andthereareusuallyalotoftastytreatstotemptyouintoeatingunhealthily."假期的忙碌有時會讓人感到壓力，通常會有很多美味的食物誘使你吃得不健康?？芍?，忙碌的假期有時候會讓人倍感壓力，以及一些美食的誘惑會讓你變得不健康，因此本段應(yīng)該強調(diào)假期的時候要保持健康和緩解壓力。A.Exerciseeachdaytostayhealthyandrelievestress."每天鍛煉身體，保持健康，緩解壓力"概括本段段旨，符合語境，故選A。19．根據(jù)空前"Volunteertohelpoutinyourcommunity."自愿在社區(qū)中提供幫助?？芍?，本段強調(diào)通過在假期中做一些志愿活動，讓自己高效地度過這段時間。E.Lookonlineorreachouttononprofitsinyourareatofindouthowyoucanhelp."上網(wǎng)或聯(lián)系你所在地區(qū)的非營利組織，看看你能提供什么幫助"承接段旨，指出可以在網(wǎng)上或者練習所在地區(qū)的非營利性組織，為他們提供志愿幫助，符合語境。故選E。20．根據(jù)空前"Createaplanfortheyearahead.Astheyeardrawstoaclose,takealittletimetothinkaboutyouryearahead."為未來一年制定一個計劃。在這一年接近尾聲的時候，花點時間思考一下你的未來一年?？芍?，此處強調(diào)的是為自己未來的時間制定一個計劃。G.Bysettingclear,achievablegoalstoaccomplish,you'llstayfocusedthroughouttheyear."通過設(shè)定清晰、可實現(xiàn)的目標，你將在一整年保持專注"與段旨呼應(yīng)，強調(diào)制定清晰可實現(xiàn)目標的重要性，這樣可以保持一年的專注，符合語境。故選G?！敬鸢浮?1．D；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．B；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．A；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了在蘇格蘭一只被稱為"最孤獨的羊"的羊在峭壁底部被困了兩年多。一群農(nóng)民決定救出這只羊，他們使用重型裝備和絞車成功將羊救出，并將其帶到斜坡上。蘇格蘭防止虐待動物協(xié)會確認羊的狀況良好，但需要修剪羊毛。農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在擁有這只羊的所有權(quán)，并對救援表示感激。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：一群農(nóng)民把拯救這只羊作為他們的使命。A.way"方式"；B.destination"目的地"；C.burden"負擔"；D.mission"使命"。根據(jù)下文"However,aftercareful8,WilsonandfourothermensuccessfullyrescuedFionausingheavy9andawinch(絞車).They10broughthertotheslopeofthecliff."可知，一群農(nóng)民把拯救羊羔作為使命。故選D。22．句意：這只羊最早是在2021年被一名皮劃艇運動員發(fā)現(xiàn)的，從那以后就一直無法離開那個地方。A.discovered"發(fā)現(xiàn)"；B.witnessed"目睹"；C.employed"雇用"；D.followed"跟隨"。根據(jù)下文"Localagencieswere4butsaidthesheepwasnotindangerandcouldnotberescued."推知，這只羊是被一名皮劃艇運動員首先發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選A。23．句意：這只羊最早是在2021年被一名皮劃艇運動員發(fā)現(xiàn)的，從那以后就一直無法離開那個地方。A.base"基礎(chǔ)"；B.form"形式"；C.spot"地點"；D.extent"范圍"。根據(jù)上文"wasstuckatthebottomofacliffforovertwoyears"可知，這只羊一直被困在那個地方，從那以后就一直無法離開那個地方。故選C。24．句意：當?shù)貦C構(gòu)表示同情，但表示這只羊沒有危險，不能獲救。A.hesitating"猶豫不決的"；B.urgent"緊急的"；C.optimistic"樂觀的"；D.sympathetic"同情的"。根據(jù)空后"butsaidthesheepwasnotindangerandcouldnotberescued"的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，當?shù)貦C構(gòu)表示同情，但表示這只羊沒有危險，不能獲救。故選D。25．句意：其中一位名叫威爾遜的農(nóng)民給這只羊取名為菲奧娜，并在他的社交媒