湖南省常德市2024屆高三下學(xué)期3月模擬考試（二模）英語試卷

湖南省常德市2024屆高三下學(xué)期3月模擬考試（二模）英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、閱讀理解閱讀理解Ifyou'reableto,wanderingthestreetsofanewcityonfootisanunrivalledwaytotakeinallthesightsandsounds.Andthere'snodenyingthatwalkingisamuchmoreeco(andwallet)friendlyformoftransport,too.Tohelpyougetoutandexplore,languagelearningplatformPreplyhasrankedEurope'smostwalkablecities.TheyanalyzedthewalkingdistancebetweentopattractionsandnowrevealwhichcitiesinEuropearetheeasiesttoexploreonfoot.Seville,SpainVisitorstothischarmingSpanishcitycanexploretheimpressivePlazadeEspanapublicsquare,beforewanderingovertotheUNESCO-listedpalaceofRealAlcazarandSevilleCathedral.Withjust20minutesofwalkingbetweentheseattractions,youcanreallymakethemostofyourtimehere.Venice,ItalyVeniceisrenownedasaheavenforpedestrians,soit'snosurpriseitranksasthesecondbestlocationforwalkablecitybreaks.Thereareendlessattractivealleywaystoexplore,aswellasplentyofstunninglyornate(華麗的)bridgesoverthecrisscrossingcanalsthatthecityisfamedfor.JustunderhalfanhourofwalkingherewilltakeyouonatouroftheimpressiveGrandCanal,Doge'sPalace,StMark'sSquareandsoon,allinonly1.3miles.Florence,ItalyInonly33minutes,visitorscantakeinthesplendorofFlorence'stop-tierdestinations.A1.6mileroutecoverstheawe-inspiringPiazzaleMichelangelo;therenownedUffiziGallery;andtheGalleriadell'Accademia,hometoMichelangelo'smasterpiece,thestatueofDavid.Athens,GreeceThecapitalofGreeceranksinfourth,withaslightlylonger–butveryworthwhile–routeof2.1milesbetweenitstop-ratedtouristattractions.VisitorstoAthenscanbegintheirjourneyattheAcropolis,ascendingtodiscovertheancientParthenonthatstandsasatestamenttothecity'sancientlegacy.TheNationalArchaeologicalMuseumisalsoclose-by.1．HowhasPreplyrankedthefourcities?A．Bythenumberofthetouristattractions.B．Bytheexpensesoftravelinginthecities.C．Bythepopularityamongtheyoungvisitors.D．Bythewalkingdistancebetweenattractions.2．Whichcityisthebestforthevisitorstoexplorethebridgesoverthecanals?A．Seville. B．Venice. C．Florence. D．Athens.3．WherecanyoufindthestatueofDavid?A．SevilleCathedral. B．StMark'sSquare.C．TheGalleriadell'Accademia. D．TheAcropolis.閱讀理解OnedayasIdrovetowardmyhome,Ipassedthelocalbusdepot.Ipulledupasagroupofpeoplecrossedtheroadinfrontofme.AsIwatched,Inoticedathin,shabbilydressedolderladystrugglingwithalargesuitcase.WitnessingthisladyandrememberingsimilarstrugglesIhadexperiencedinthepastwhentraveling,Ipulledupalongsideherandleanedovertocalloutthroughtheopenpassengerwindow,"I'mgoingrightintothetown,"Isaid."Icandropyouoff.Thatsuitcaselooksawfullyheavy.""Well,allright,"sheanswered.Whenwegotthere,shethankedme,"Well,Godblessyou,lady.Noonehaseverdonemeakindnesslikethatbefore.Ihopesomeonewilldoagoodturnforyouoneday."Shortlyaftertheencounterwiththesuitcaselady,Idecidedtospendadayinthemountainsalone.Isetoffwithmydoginmypickup,whichwaselderlybutstillserviceable.Afterdrivingfornearlytwohours,Iheardasuddenloudnoiseandmytruckcametoafullstop.Ifounditsaxlewasbrokenandneededtobetowed.Inaremotearea,withnohopeoffindinganotherperson,IknewIwasinbigtrouble.Overandover,Iblamedmyownstupidityforbeinginadesertedareawithnopossiblechanceofhelp.Ihopedthatnowanderingbearwouldcometoinvestigate.Orahungrymountainlion—withbabies.Myimaginationranriot.Istartedtopanic.Thenfaintly,inthedistance,cametheroarofmotorbikes.Astheydrewnearer,Icouldseethattheywereagroupofmotorcycleriders."Doyouneedhelp,ma'am?"Iheardaconcernedvoicesay.Therestishistory.Mypickup,mydogandIwerealltransportedbacktosafety.Ishallneverforgetthekindnessofthemotorcycleriderswhostopped.Somepeoplemaythinkitwasahappycoincidence,butpersonallyIliketosay,itwassomeonethatreallydidagoodturnforme,justasthesuitcaseladysaid.4．Howdidtheauthorhelptheoldlady?A．Shegaveheralifttothetown.B．Shehelpedhercrosstheroad.C．Shecarriedthesuitcaseforher.D．Shetookhertoanearbyhotel.5．Whathappenedtoherpickuponthewaytothemountains?A．Itranoutofgas. B．Itcrashedintoatree.C．Itbrokedownhalfway. D．Itwasattackedbyanimals.6．Whatwastheauthor'sreactiontotheincidentinparagraph3?A．Sheblameditontheoldroad.B．Shelosthertemperwiththedog.C．Shestayedcalmandaskedforhelp.D．Shefeltveryuneasyandfrightened.7．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthestory?A．DoasYouWouldBeDonebyB．AFriendinNeedIsaFriendIndeedC．WhatGoesAround,ComesAroundD．GodHelpsThoseWhoHelpThemselves閱讀理解Inrecentyears,multiplestudieshaveillustratedthewayspeople'sdogscanprovidecomfort,calmtheirfrazzlednerves,begoodlisteners,andprovideotherformsofvaluablesupport,provingthatsometimeswordsaresimplynotnecessary.Whenpeoplewereaskedtoperformmentalarithmetic(算術(shù))orendurea"coldpressor"testinwhichtheirhandissubmergedinicewater,thosewhohadtheirdogspresenthadsmallerincreasesintheirbloodpressureandheartrate.Morerecently,astudyina2023issueofthejournalEmotionhadpeopleengageinastressfultask—involvingaddingnumbersthatflashedonacomputerscreen—theninteractwiththeirpetdog,colorinacoloringbook,orwaitquietlyfor10minutes.Thosewhointeractedwiththeirdogsexperiencedagreaterboostinmoodandagreaterreductioninanxietythanthosewhowaitedortriedtodestressbycoloring.Researchhasalsofoundthattalkingtoyourdogaboutemotionallyfraughtissuescanbeparticularlybeneficial.Peoplearemorewillingtoconfide(吐露)intheirdogsaboutdifficultemotions,suchasdepression,jealousy,anxiety,apathy,andfear,thantheyarewiththeirromanticpartnersorfriends.Theprecisereasonsforthismaybethatpetsaregood,nonjudgmentallistenersbecausetheydon'tinterruptorreply.Yourrelationshipwithyourdogisasafespacebecauseyourdogwon'tjudgeyouordisagreewithyou.Astudyina2022issueoftheInternationalJournalofPublicHealthfoundthatwhenpeopleinteractwiththeirdogswhileteleworking,itreplenishesthehumans'self-regulatoryresources—byengaginginmicro-breakstopettheirpup,thepeopleareabletorelaxandrefreshthemselves—inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembersdoesn't."Dogsarefantasticatreadingus—theycansensewhenwe'reupset—andtheyarearguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,"saysKogan,aprofessorintheclinicalsciencesdepartmentatColoradoStateUniversity,"becauseweintuitthatourdogsreadussowell,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpfulforusaswell.It'sapositivefeedbackloop."8．Whatdidthestudyinparagraph2find?A．Interactingwithdogscancauseanxietyandstress.B．Peoplewithdogcompanionshavelowerstresslevels.C．Dogscanimprovetheirowners'academicperformance.D．Dogs'ownerstendtoreducestressbycoloringorwaiting.9．Whyarepeoplemorewillingtotalktotheirdogs?A．Dogscanhelpthemfixtheproblems.B．Theygetasenseofsecurityfromdogs.C．Theirpartnersorfriendsarenotreliable.D．Theyhaveacloserrelationshipwithdogs.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreplenishesinparagraph4mean?A．Replaces. B．Researches. C．Refills. D．Removes.11．WhatisKogan'sattitudetowardshavingdogcompanions?A．Favorable. B．Unclear. C．Skeptical. D．Intolerant.閱讀理解"So,Mr.Albert,you'vetoldusaboutyourstrengthsbutwhataboutyourweaknesses?"It'sacommoninterviewquestion.Towhichaclassichumblebrag(謙虛自夸)replyis,"Well.ImustadmitthatI'mabitofaperfectionist."Afterall,whatcompanywouldn'twanttoemploysomebodywhoseeksperfection?Butitturnsoutthatthereisaprofounddifferencebetweenhigh-achieversandperfectionists.Inacruelirony,theperfectionisttraitscouldactuallypreventsomeonefromachievingtheirfullpotential.Therootsofperfectionismactuallylieinadeepdesiretofeelperfect.Mostoftenaperfectionistpersonalityisformedinreactiontosomeformofchildhoodtrauma.Forexample,followingherparents'divorce,ayounggirlmightstrivetoalwaysbegood,toalwaysbeperfectbecauseatsomelevelshebelievesthatitmusthavebeenherfaultthatherparentsseparated.Soaslongassheisperfect,nothingsoterriblewouldhappenagain.Givensuchorigins,itappearsthatthethinkingandemotionalstylesassociatedwithperfectionismareparticularlydangeroustomentalhealth.Thinkoftheharshestandmercilessperfectionistsyouknow.Theyalways,always,alwaysfindfault.Theircognitive(認知)stylesincludeall-or-nothingthinking,whereonlyperfectionisseenasanacceptableresult;fearoffailure,whereaperfectionistisdrivenbyfearratherthanpulledbytheprospectofsuccessintheirendeavors;defensivenessinthefaceofconstructivecriticism.Alloftheseseemtobelinkedtoawiderangeofpsychologicalproblemsincludingeatingdisorders,anxietyanddepression,andevensuicide.Changingthismindsetisthekeytotreatingtheconditionwhenitbecomesadisorderbutitisdifficulttoachieve.Perfectionistsareessentiallyinanabusiverelationshipwiththemselves.It'shardenoughtowithdrawfromabusiverelationshipswithothers.Howmuchharderisitwhenyouyourselfaretheabuser?Soperhapsabetteranswertotheinterviewquestionposedatthestartofthisarticlewouldbe,"IusedtobeaperfectionistbutnowI'mwellontheroadtorecovery."12．Whydoestheauthormentiontheinterviewquestioninparagraph1?A．Toprovideanexample.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tosupporttheargument.D．Toattractthereaders'interest.13．Whowillmostprobablybecomeaperfectionist?A．Ahigh-achiever.B．Apersonwhoalwaysfindsfault.C．Anoverconfidentman.D．Asonofaviolentalcoholicfather.14．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Perfectionismoftenhasthreedifferenttypes.B．Perfectionismhasabadeffectonphysicalhealth.C．Perfectionismiscausedbyhighpersonalstandard.D．Perfectionismisariskfactorforpsychologicaldisorders.15．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofperfectionism?A．It'shardforpeopletogetridofit.B．Itdrivespeopletoachievesuccess.C．It'smoreofastrengththanaweakness.D．Itinevitablyleadstomentalproblems.二、七選五七選五Onethingthat'sneverinshortsupplyatthebeginningofeachnewyear?16．ButmanyofusfailtostickwithourNewYear'sresolutionsmonths(orevenweeks)aftermakingthem.Itturnsouttherearecommonlyavoidedmistakes.Thatexplainswhysomepeoplealwaysseemtoreachtheirgoalswhileotherskeepfallingshort.17．Ifyoufailtopicktherighthabit,youaren'tlikelytoaccomplishthecorrespondinggoal.Sayyouwanttolosesomeweightthisyear,formingahabitofrunning30minutesadaymaynothelpyoudothatifyoudon'talsoformhabitsrelatedtothefoodsyoueat,becausedietaffectsweightmorethanexercise.18．Failuretoestablishhabitsthatsupportyourgoalsmaycauseyourresolutionstoflopbeforeyoubegin.Anothercommonmistakepeoplemakewhensettinggoalsisbecomingoverlyconcernedabouttheamountoftimeitwilltaketoformanewhabit.There'snoonerightanswerwhenitcomestohowlongnewhabitsshouldtaketoform.19．Somepeoplesimplyadoptnewhabitsfasterthanotherpeopleandthatcomplexhabitsusuallytakelongertoform.Considerhoweasyitistobrushyourteethatnightcomparedtoreadingafullchapterofabookeachday.Sotheyearlyritualofresolutionsettingdoesn'thavetobeanannualdisappointment.Sometimes,thedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureissimplychoosingtherighthabitsandtheprocessyouusetogoaboutachievingit.Mostimportantly,remembertobekindandflexiblewithyourselfandtocelebrateanyandallprogressalongtheway.20．A.Goodintentions.B.Congratulationsandbestwishes.C.Inotherwords,youmustalsoreadjustyourdiet.D.It'sessentialtochooseahabityouthinkenjoyable.E.Acommonerrormanypeoplemakeisnotchoosingrighthabits.F.Itdependsonwhathabityou'retryingtodevelopandwhoyouare.G.It'snotjusttheendgoalthatmatters—it'sthejourneyalongtheway.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空Amerefourmonthsago,ablackcatnamedBountyhadnoideajusthowadventuroushislifewasabouttobecome.Althoughthecatwas21．destinedforacatshelter,Doinaadoptedhimjustintime.Tosome,Doinabeinganavid(酷愛的)travelerseemedlikeapotentialissue,butit22．,thesetwoweremadeforeachother.23．fortheirjourneytobegin,Doinagatheredalloftheequipment,treats,andother24．thatthetwoofthemwouldneed.Though,whenitcametocarriersforBounty,Doinahadtogetabit25．."Imadeaspecialpouch(小袋)forhim,becausecatcarriersarenotadaptedtocertain26．,"shesaid.Oneoftheirfirstadventuresincludeda27．tourofItaly,thefirsttestthathelpedthemdiscoverhow28．hewastoanadventurouslifestyle."Atthestart,Bountywasalittleanxiousandnervous,butafterthefirstfewdays,hestartedto29．himself,"Doinasaid."WhileIpedalled(蹬;騎),he30．inthepouch."Sincethatfirstcyclingtour,BountyandDoinahave31．severalmoreadventuresintheirshorttimetogether,includingmountaineeringandcamping.Infact,thisadorable32．hasalreadymanagedtobecomearecordbreaker!HeisconsideredtobethefirsthousecattosummitLaGrignetta,a7,100-footmountainintheItalianAlps.Bestofall,hedidso"withoutevenameowof33．".ThetwoofthemhavecycledtheentirelengthoftheItalianpeninsula!Ifyou'dliketo34．thisadorableduo,youcanvisittheirwebsitewhereDoina35．theirtravelswithlotsofupdates,photos,andvideosfortheir800followerstoenjoy.21．A．originally B．temporarily C．eventually D．a(chǎn)ctually22．A．gaveout B．brokeout C．turnedout D．foundout23．A．Shocked B．Frightened C．Embarrassed D．Excited24．A．necessities B．products C．presents D．fruits25．A．generous B．creative C．efficient D．a(chǎn)mbitious26．A．hotels B．journeys C．problems D．vehicles27．A．skiing B．hiking C．flying D．cycling28．A．a(chǎn)ccustomed B．opposed C．blind D．sensitive29．A．cure B．enjoy C．protect D．feed30．A．cried B．ran C．sang D．slept31．A．offered B．expected C．finished D．discovered32．A．bicycle B．cat C．tour D．carrier33．A．protest B．a(chǎn)greement C．challenge D．trust34．A．havefunwith B．putupwithC．keepupwith D．getalongwith35．A．helps B．plans C．orders D．documents四、短文填空短文填空Videosof77-year-oldXuXiuzhen,whospeaksdifferentlanguageswithforeignerswhileworkingatascenicspotsellingwater,postcardsandheaddressflowers,havebroughtherinstantfame.Xu'svillage36．(locate)atthebaseofMoonHill,apopulartouristdestinationfamedforamoon-shapedholeatthesummit.Shehasbeenworkingasatourguideandvendor(小販)inYangshuo,37．countyandresorttowninsouthernChina'sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegionsince1998,38．theareabecamefamousforforeignbackpackersandorganizedtours.Xu,whodroppedoutofjuniorschoolinthethirdgrade,begantolearndifferentlanguagestoattractmoreforeigncustomers.XusaidshewouldconvertwordsinanylanguageintoChinesecharacters39．(base)ontheirpronunciationandthenmemorizethem.Repeatingthewordsinherheadbeforegoingtobedand40．(immediate)afterwakinguphasgivenherfluencyinbasicconversationswithforeigners.Overthepasttwodecades,Xu41．(teach)herself11foreignlanguages,includingEnglish,Spanish,JapaneseandKorean.Inadditionto42．(make)herincrediblypopular,herexcellentlinguisticabilityhasmadeiteasierforhertocommunicatewithforeigntourists.Xuhasalsobecomeoneofthebusiesttour43．(guide)inYangshuo.Herreputationdrawsalargecrowdoftouristseveryday,especiallyforeignvisitors,whocometomeetthemultilingualguideoutof44．(admire)."MoreandmoreforeigntouristsarecomingtoYangshuo,andIhopetheywillfeel45．homeherewithmyhelp,"shesaid.五、書面表達46．你校英文報社正在以BeautifiesOurLife為題征稿，請你寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：1.簡單介紹；2.說明理由。注意：1.將標題補充完整，寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。BeautifiesOurLife六、讀后續(xù)寫47．短文續(xù)寫B(tài)randon,afatheroftwoandanordinaryworkerinacompany,wasmakinghiswayhomeonatypicalThursdayevening.Thesunhadjustdippedbelowthehorizon,castingawarmglowoverthesky.Brandon'sheartwasfilledwithjoyandexcitementashewaseagertosharethenewsofhisrecentpromotionwithhisbelovedwifeandchildren.LittledidheknowthatthisparticularThursdaywouldbeanythingbutordinary.Allofasudden,therewasafaintominous(不祥的)feelingaroundhim,buthepushedasideanythoughtsofpotentialdanger,focusinginsteadongettinghome.However,justashearrivedthere,athunderousnoiseshatteredthepeacefulsilenceoftheevening.Helookedupjustintimetoseeatrainrunningintoatruck,sendingdebrisflyinginalldirections.Itwasanaccidentthathehadneverwitnessedbefore.Brandonwasfrozeninshock.Itwasamessysceneaspeopleranfromthedangeroussite,hiddenbehindflamesandthicksmoke.Inaninstant,everythingaroundhimseemedtobeinchaos.Peoplewerescreamingandcracksfilledtheairwiththeexplosiveforce."Getawayfromthattrain!Don'tgonearit!"warnedthetrainconductor,ashecalled911forhelp.Brandonwasabouttorunawaywhenheheardacryforhelp.Brandon'sinstinctskickedin.Withoutasecondthought,heracedtowardsthevoice,pushingthroughthepanickedcrowd.Hisheartpoundedinthechestasheapproachedthecrashsite.Ashecamecloser,thecriesforhelpbecameclearer.Theywerecomingfromtheburningtruckstuckonthetraintracks.Heranuptothewindowandsawtheyoungdrivertrappedinhisseatbeltandhelddownbythesteeringwheelasthefireclosedinaroundhim.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Brandon'smindwasracingwhenhesawthesituation.ThetrainconductorcametoBrandonandhuggedhimtightly.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個歐洲最容易步行探索的城市。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題一種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"TheyanalyzedthewalkingdistancebetweentopattractionsandnowrevealwhichcitiesinEuropearetheeasiesttoexploreonfoot.(他們分析了頂級景點之間的步行距離，現(xiàn)在公布了歐洲最容易步行探索的城市)"可知，Preply根據(jù)景點之間的步行距離對這四個城市進行排名。故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Thereareendlessattractivealleywaystoexplore,aswellasplentyofstunninglyornate(華麗的)bridgesoverthecrisscrossingcanalsthatthecityisfamedfor.(這里有無數(shù)迷人的小巷可供探索，還有許多令人驚嘆的華麗橋梁，橫跨這座城市聞名的縱橫交錯的運河)"可知，威尼斯最適合游客探索運河上的橋梁。故選B。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"theGalleriadell'Accademia,hometoMichelangelo'smasterpiece,thestatueofDavid.(學(xué)院美術(shù)館，米開朗琪羅的杰作大衛(wèi)雕像的所在地)"可知，在學(xué)院美術(shù)館找到大衛(wèi)雕像。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．A5．C6．D7．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者某天讓一個拿著行李的老太太搭了便車，結(jié)果自己的車在半路壞了，也遇到了好心人幫助，作者認為這是善有善報。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題兩種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"WitnessingthisladyandrememberingsimilarstrugglesIhadexperiencedinthepastwhentraveling,Ipulledupalongsideherandleanedovertocalloutthroughtheopenpassengerwindow,"I'mgoingrightintothetown,"Isaid."Icandropyouoff.Thatsuitcaselooksawfullyheavy.""Well,allright,"sheanswered.Whenwegotthere,shethankedme,"Well,Godblessyou,lady.Noonehaseverdonemeakindnesslikethatbefore.Ihopesomeonewilldoagoodturnforyouoneday."(看到這位女士，想起我過去在旅行中經(jīng)歷過的類似的掙扎，我把車停在她旁邊，俯身從打開的副駕駛車窗向外喊道:"我要直接進城了。""我可以讓你下車。那只手提箱看起來很重。"嗯，好吧，"她回答。當(dāng)我們到達那里時，她感謝我，"哦，上帝保佑你，女士。以前從來沒有人對我這么好。我希望有一天有人能為你做一件好事。")"可知，作者幫助老太太搭便車去鎮(zhèn)上。故選A。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Afterdrivingfornearlytwohours,Iheardasuddenloudnoiseandmytruckcametoafullstop.Ifounditsaxlewasbrokenandneededtobetowed.(開了將近兩個小時后，我突然聽到一聲巨響，我的卡車停了下來。我發(fā)現(xiàn)它的車軸壞了，需要拖走)"可知，作者的車在去山里的路上中途壞了。故選C。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Overandover,Iblamedmyownstupidityforbeinginadesertedareawithnopossiblechanceofhelp.Ihopedthatnowanderingbearwouldcometoinvestigate.Orahungrymountainlion—withbabies.Myimaginationranriot.Istartedtopanic.(一遍又一遍，我責(zé)怪自己的愚蠢，在一個荒蕪的地區(qū)，沒有任何可能的幫助。我希望沒有游蕩的熊會來調(diào)查?；蛘咭恢火囸I的美洲獅——帶著孩子。我的想象力失控了。我開始恐慌起來)"可知，作者對第3段中的事件的反應(yīng)是感到非常不安和害怕。故選D。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段"Somepeoplemaythinkitwasahappycoincidence,butpersonallyIliketosay,itwassomeonethatreallydidagoodturnforme,justasthesuitcaseladysaid.(有些人可能會認為這是一個快樂的巧合，但我個人想說，這是一個真正為我做了好事的人，就像那個提箱子的女士說的那樣)"結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者某天讓一個拿著行李的老太太搭了便車，結(jié)果自己的車在半路壞了，也遇到了好心人幫助，作者認為這是善有善報?？芍?，C選項"善有善報"最符合文章標題。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B9．B10．C11．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了近年來，多項研究表明，人們的狗可以提供安慰，安撫他們疲憊的神經(jīng)，成為好的傾聽者，并提供其他形式的有價值的支持，證明有時語言根本是不必要的。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題和詞義猜測題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。詞句猜測題的解題方法包括利用指代關(guān)系、定義、定語、文章中的舉例、比較的詞語、構(gòu)詞法知識、上下文語境、因果關(guān)系來推測詞義。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Thosewhointeractedwiththeirdogsexperiencedagreaterboostinmoodandagreaterreductioninanxietythanthosewhowaitedortriedtodestressbycoloring.(與那些等待或試圖通過涂顏色來減壓的人相比，那些與狗狗互動的人情緒得到了更大的改善，焦慮程度得到了更大的緩解)"可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了有狗陪伴的人壓力水平較低。故選B。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Theprecisereasonsforthismaybethatpetsaregood,nonjudgmentallistenersbecausetheydon'tinterruptorreply.Yourrelationshipwithyourdogisasafespacebecauseyourdogwon'tjudgeyouordisagreewithyou.(確切的原因可能是，寵物是很好的、不加評判的傾聽者，因為它們不會打斷或回答。你和你的狗的關(guān)系是一個安全的空間，因為你的狗不會評判你或反對你)"可知，人們更愿意和他們的狗說話因為他們從狗身上得到安全感。故選B。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文"byengaginginmicro-breakstopettheirpup,thepeopleareabletorelaxandrefreshthemselves—inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembersdoesn't"可知，通過在微休息時間撫摸他們的狗狗，人們能夠放松和恢復(fù)精神——這是與不帶寵物的家庭成員互動所無法做到的，即說明了狗可以讓人重新裝滿自我調(diào)節(jié)資源。故劃線詞意思是"重新裝滿"。故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段""Dogsarefantasticatreadingus—theycansensewhenwe'reupset—andtheyarearguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,"saysKogan,aprofessorintheclinicalsciencesdepartmentatColoradoStateUniversity,"becauseweintuitthatourdogsreadussowell,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpfulforusaswell.It'sapositivefeedbackloop."(科根是科羅拉多州立大學(xué)臨床科學(xué)系的教授，他說："狗狗很擅長讀懂我們，它們能感覺到我們的不安，而且可以說它們比一些人更擅長讀懂我們，因為我們直覺地認為我們的狗狗讀得很好，所以我們調(diào)節(jié)自己，不讓狗狗感到不安，這對我們也有幫助。這是一個積極的反饋循環(huán)。")"可推知，科根對狗狗陪伴的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．D14．D15．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了完美主義的特質(zhì)實際上可能會阻礙一個人充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，解釋了完美主義發(fā)生的原因以及對心理造成的危險。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及推理判斷題和主旨大意題兩種題型。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段""So,Mr.Albert,you'vetoldusaboutyourstrengthsbutwhataboutyourweaknesses?"It'sacommoninterviewquestion.Towhichaclassichumblebrag(謙虛自夸)replyis,"Well.ImustadmitthatI'mabitofaperfectionist."Afterall,whatcompanywouldn'twanttoemploysomebodywhoseeksperfection?Butitturnsoutthatthereisaprofounddifferencebetweenhigh-achieversandperfectionists.Inacruelirony,theperfectionisttraitscouldactuallypreventsomeonefromachievingtheirfullpotential.("那么，艾伯特先生，你已經(jīng)告訴了我們你的優(yōu)點，那么你的缺點呢？"這是一個常見的面試問題。一個典型的謙虛自夸的回答是，"嗯。我必須承認我是一個完美主義者。"畢竟，哪家公司不想雇用追求完美的人呢？但事實證明，高成就者和完美主義者之間存在著深刻的差異。具有殘酷諷刺意味的是，完美主義的特質(zhì)實際上可能會阻礙一個人充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力)"可知，作者在第一段提到了面試問題是為了引入話題。故選B。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Mostoftenaperfectionistpersonalityisformedinreactiontosomeformofchildhoodtrauma.Forexample,followingherparents'divorce,ayounggirlmightstrivetoalwaysbegood,toalwaysbeperfectbecauseatsomelevelshebelievesthatitmusthavebeenherfaultthatherparentsseparated.Soaslongassheisperfect,nothingsoterriblewouldhappenagain.(大多數(shù)情況下，完美主義人格的形成是對某種形式的童年創(chuàng)傷的反應(yīng)。例如，在父母離婚后，一個年輕女孩可能會努力做個好人，做個完美的人，因為在某種程度上，她相信父母離婚一定是她的錯。所以只要她是完美的，那么可怕的事情就不會再發(fā)生了)"可推知，暴力酗酒父親的兒子最有可能成為完美主義者。故選D。14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段"Givensuchorigins,itappearsthatthethinkingandemotionalstylesassociatedwithperfectionismareparticularlydangeroustomentalhealth.Thinkoftheharshestandmercilessperfectionistsyouknow.Theyalways,always,alwaysfindfault.Theircognitive(認知)stylesincludeall-or-nothingthinking,whereonlyperfectionisseenasanacceptableresult;fearoffailure,whereaperfectionistisdrivenbyfearratherthanpulledbytheprospectofsuccessintheirendeavors;defensivenessinthefaceofconstructivecriticism.Alloftheseseemtobelinkedtoawiderangeofpsychologicalproblemsincludingeatingdisorders,anxietyanddepression,andevensuicide.(考慮到這些原因，似乎與完美主義相關(guān)的思維和情感風(fēng)格對心理健康尤其危險。想想你所知道的最苛刻、最無情的完美主義者。他們總是，總是，總是吹毛求疵。他們的認知風(fēng)格包括全有或全無的思維，只有完美才被視為可接受的結(jié)果；對失敗的恐懼，完美主義者是被恐懼所驅(qū)使，而不是被成功的前景所牽引;面對建設(shè)性批評時的防御。所有這些似乎都與一系列心理問題有關(guān)，包括飲食失調(diào)、焦慮和抑郁，甚至自殺)"可知，第三段主要講了完美主義是心理障礙的危險因素。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Changingthismindsetisthekeytotreatingtheconditionwhenitbecomesadisorderbutitisdifficulttoachieve.(改變這種心態(tài)是治療這種疾病的關(guān)鍵，但這很難實現(xiàn))"可推知，作者認為人們很難擺脫完美主義。故選A?！敬鸢浮?6．A；17．E；18．C；19．F；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是篇議論文。文章主要分析了無法實現(xiàn)制定的目標的原因，指出了選擇正確的習(xí)慣，并堅持下去的重要性。

【點評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀（七選五）。解題時，要求考生注意通讀整篇文章，把握整段脈絡(luò)，理出文章的中心，分析段落之間和段落內(nèi)部的層次。選項與前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系是確定答案的主要依據(jù)。可以從意思、關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞來分析段落之間以及段落內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系。七選五解題的一些實用技巧如下。第一，快速瀏覽全文，把握文章主旨。在開始解題前，快速瀏覽全文，了解文章的大致內(nèi)容和主題，有助于更好地理解和判斷每個選項的合適性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是對整段的概括或引入，而段尾句則常常是對該段的總結(jié)或結(jié)論。因此，關(guān)注這些句子有助于我們快速了解段落的主旨，從而更好地選擇答案。第三，利用上下文語境和邏輯關(guān)系進行推斷。在選擇答案時，要仔細閱讀上下文，尋找與選項相關(guān)的線索和信息，如關(guān)聯(lián)詞、同義詞、反義詞等。同時，也要根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進行推斷，如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列等，從而確定正確答案。第四，排除法也是一種有效的解題方法。當(dāng)面對多個選項時，可以先排除與文章主旨或上下文不符的選項，然后再根據(jù)剩余選項的內(nèi)容進行比較和選擇。16．根據(jù)上一句"Onethingthat'sneverinshortsupplyatthebeginningofeachnewyear?"（有一樣?xùn)|西在新年伊始永遠不會缺少？）可知，空處應(yīng)該是對該句所提問題的回答；結(jié)合下一句"ButmanyofusfailtostickwithourNewYear'sresolutionsmonths(orevenweeks)aftermakingthem."（但我們中的許多人在制定新年計劃幾個月(甚至幾周)后都沒能堅持下去。）可知，在新年伊始就不會缺少的東西應(yīng)該是制定的計劃、目標，選項A.Goodintentions（良好的目標）符合這層含義，承上啟下。故選A。17．根據(jù)第一段"Itturnsouttherearecommonlyavoidedmistakes."（事實證明，有一些通?？梢员苊獾腻e誤。）和第三段第一句"A