Unit-5-Music-B卷綜合能力提升練(解析版)

必修Book2Unit5MusicB卷·綜合能力提升練(時(shí)間：90分鐘滿分：120分)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2022·全國·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）SomeMusicFestivalsPitchforkMusicFestivalAnyonewhoadoresindie(獨(dú)立的)musicandup-and-comingartistswillhaveanamazingtimeatthePitchforkMusicFestivalinChicago'sUnionPark.Thisisawonderfulfestivalthatexploresmoreundergroundandless-knownbandsthantheotherbigChicagosummerfestival,Lollapalooza.Date:July14－16Location:Chicago,IllinoisMusicType:IndiePrice:$75－$365EssenceMusicFestivalNomatterwhattimeoftheyearitis,NewOrleansisanincredibleplacetobeifyoulovelivemusic.TheEssenceMusicFestivalisacelebrationofgreatartistslikeDianaRoss,ChakaKhan,andMaryJ.Blige.Date:June29－July2Location:NewOrleans,Louisiana,USAMusicType:R&B,soulPrice:$126－$2,700SzigetFestivalBudapestknowshowtoorganizeaparty,andSzigetisoneofthebiggestcelebrationsofmusicandcultureinallofEurope.YoucanexpecttowatchfavoriteartistslikeBadReligionandMacDeMarcoappearingonthestageshereduringthisseven-dayfestival.Date:August9－15Location:Budapest,HungaryMusicType:Eclectic,indie,rockPrice:$70－$96FlowFestivalTheFlowFestivalisagreatexcusetoexplorethecityofHelsinki.ArtistsincludingLanaDelReyandTheXXwillbeplaying,amongmanyothers.Cometothisfestivaltoenjoyarelaxingatmospherewithanearth-friendlyattitude.Date:August11－13Location:Helsinki,FinlandMusicType:Rock,soul,jazzPrice:$106－$1991．WhatisspecialaboutPitchforkMusicFestival?A．Itismoreindependent. B．Itisheldunderground.C．Itismorefamousthanotherfestivals. D．Itfocusesonunknownbands.2．Wherecanyouenjoyamusicfestivallastingaweek?A．InBudapest. B．InHelsinki.C．InChicago. D．InNewOrleans.3．WhichmusicfestivalwillbeheldinFinland?A．SzigetFestival. B．FlowFestival.C．EssenceMusicFestival. D．PitchforkMusicFestival.【答案】1．D2．A3．B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。這篇短文介紹了幾個(gè)音樂節(jié)，包括開放日期、地點(diǎn)和特點(diǎn)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PitchforkMusicFestival中的“Thisisawonderfulfestivalthatexploresmoreundergroundandless-knownbandsthantheotherbigChicagosummerfestival,Lollapalooza.(這是一個(gè)精彩的音樂節(jié)，與其他大型的芝加哥夏季音樂節(jié)Lollapalooza相比，它探索了更多的地下和不太知名的樂隊(duì)。)”可知，它探索了更多的不太知名的樂隊(duì)，這正是他的特殊之處。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SzigetFestival中的“Date:August9－15Location:Budapest,Hungary(日期：8月9日至15日地點(diǎn)：布達(dá)佩斯，匈牙利)”可知，在布達(dá)佩斯的音樂節(jié)持續(xù)一周。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlowFestival中的“Location:Helsinki,Finland(地點(diǎn)：赫爾辛基，芬蘭)”可知，芬蘭舉行的音樂節(jié)是FlowFestival。故選B。B（2022·四川·眉山市教育科學(xué)研究所高一期末）“Whatisthestoryofyourpiano?”Anewfriendaskedoverdinner.Mypianostaysinacornerofsmalllivingroom.“Allpianoshavestories,”shesaid.Suddenly,mypiano’sstorycamefloodingoutofmefully-formedasifI’dalwayshadthistaletotell.Ilovedmusicsincechildhood.Istudiedwiththerecorderandmovedtotheviolin,trumpetandguitar.Butplayingthepianohadalwaysbeenmydream,adreamourfamilycouldnotafford.IgrewupinanimmigrantChinesefamilyinToronto.MyfatherwaitedtablesinaChineserestaurant,andmymotherworkedinaChineselaundry.Despiteourpoorchildhood,mysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIwerealwaysfedwithlove.Ican’trememberwhichbirthdayitwaswhenmymothersparedthemoneytobuymeadoll.Ofcourse,bythenI’doutgrownwantingdolls.ButsheworkedtoohardtoknowthatandInevertoldher.IhappilyandgratefullyacceptedthedollbecauseIlovedthegiftthatwasherlovingmeenoughtobuyitforme.Soitwaseventuallywithmypiano.Itwasinmylastyearofhighschool.Itookpianolessonsforaboutayearbeforeuniversityforcedmetostop.Ihadtomakeadecisiontocontinuethemorepracticalgoalofmedicalschoolormyloveformusic.Thepracticaloneinmewon.ButIalsostoppedpianolessonsbecauseaswithmydoll,itwastoolatetolearntoplaythewayIwanted.Imovedthatpianoaroundwithmeoverthenextdecade—untilmysonwasborn,heshowedanearlyinterestinmusic,soIputhiminpianolessons.I’vecometorealizethatinpursuitofmycareer,I’veletallpersonalpleasurefallaway.Maybeit’stimetogetthatpianoretuned(重新調(diào)音)again,thistimeformyself,beforeit’stoolatetoenjoy.Maybethat’ssomethingweallshoulddorightnow.Sometimesasinglequestioncanopenwholepathsofthinkinganddiscovery.So,whatisthestoryofyourpiano?4．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Shewasborninamusicalfamily. B．Sherefusedtoacceptthedollasagift.C．Shehadapoorbuthappychildhood. D．Herparentsweretoobusytocareforher.5．Whydidtheauthorstoplearningthepianoinherlastyearofhighschool?A．Playingthepianowasuselesstoher. B．Shecouldn’taffordpianolessons.C．Herparentsforcedhertostop. D．Shefacedacademicandcareerpressure.6．Whatwilltheauthorprobablydointhenearfuture?A．Askhersontolearnthepiano. B．Buyanewpianoforherself.C．Restartherpianodream. D．Focusonhermedicalcareer.7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthearticle?A．Toshareherstoryaboutanunrealizeddream. B．Toshowtheadvantageofmedicineovermusic.C．Torecallherunfortunatechildhoodexperience. D．Toencouragereaderstoplaythepiano.【答案】4．C5．D6．C7．A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己從小喜歡彈鋼琴，但是家里無法負(fù)擔(dān)，只好放棄。后來也因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)的原因放棄了鋼琴，直到兒子出生，作者讓他去上鋼琴課，于是決定重拾鋼琴夢。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butplayingthepianohadalwaysbeenmydream,adreamourfamilycouldnotafford.(但是彈鋼琴是我一直的夢想，一個(gè)我們家無法支付的夢)”可知，由于家庭貧困，買不起鋼琴，無法實(shí)現(xiàn)作者彈鋼琴的夢想。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Despiteourpoorchildhood,mysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIwerealwaysfedwithlove.(盡管我的童年很貧困，但是兄弟姐妹和我都被愛滋養(yǎng))”可知，盡管貧困，但是有兄弟姐妹和父母的愛，他是幸福的。故選C。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ihadtomakeadecision:toworktowardsthemorepracticalgoalofmedicalschoolormyloveformusic.FinallyIchosetostoppianolessons.(我不得不做出決定：努力考取醫(yī)科大學(xué)或者追求音樂。最終，我選擇停止上鋼琴課)”可知，作者放棄鋼琴課的主要原因是學(xué)業(yè)和將來職業(yè)的壓力。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Maybeit’stimetogetthatpianoretuned(重新調(diào)音)again,thistimeformyself,beforeit’stoolatetoenjoy.(也許是時(shí)候讓那架鋼琴重新調(diào)音了，這次是為我自己，趁現(xiàn)在還來得及享受)”可知，在不遠(yuǎn)的將來，作者將重新實(shí)現(xiàn)他彈鋼琴的夢想。故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Suddenly,mypiano’sstorycamefloodingoutofmefully-formedasifI’dalwayshadthistaletotell.(突然，我的鋼琴故事就像洪水一樣涌出來，完全成形了，好像我總是有這個(gè)故事要講)”可知，本文作者分享他的鋼琴故事。故選A。C（2022·全國·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）RockandrollmusicdevelopedintheUnitedStatesintheearlynineteen-fifties.ItwasbasedonthemusiccalledrhythmandbluesthatwasperformedbyAfricanAmericanmusicians.Earlyrockandrollsingersdevelopedtheirownkindsofmusic.ElvisPresley.ChuckBerry,TheBeachBoys,andBobDylanwerethemostpopularrockandrollmusiciansandbandintheearly1960s.AllwereAmerican.Then,in1964,anewrockandrollgroupfromEnglandinvadedAmerica:TheBeatles.SomepeoplesayTheBeatles’musicshookAmericalikeanearthquake.TheBeatleschangedrockandrollforever.TheirearlysongswereinfluencedbyAmericanrockandrollmusicians,includingChuckBerry.ButTheBeatleslookeddifferentandsoundeddifferentfromanymusicalgroupbeforethem.TheBeatlesreleasedtheirfirstalbumintheUnitedStatesin1964.whenallofthetopfiverecordsinAmericawerebyTheBeatles.In1967,theyreleasedanalbumcalledSgt.Pepper’sLonelyHeartsClubBand.Itwasoneofthefirst“concept”albums.Thatis,allthesongswerelinkedbyacommonstoryoridea.ThepopularityofTheBeatlesledthewayformorerockandrollbandsfromEnglandtobecomepopularinAmerica.TheRollingStoneswasthemostimportantofthesebands.TheRollingStonesisoneofthefewgroupsfromthe1960sthatisstillperformingandrecordingtoday.In1965,thegrouprecordedoneofitsmostfamoussongs,Satisfaction.Bythe1970s,rockandrollmusichadbecomeknownasrockmusic.Expertssayrockmusicregainedsomeoftheenergyofearlyrockandroll.BruceSpringsteenandtheE.StreetBandbecamepopularwiththeiralbumBorntoRun.Springsteen’smusicwaslikethelivelyrockandrollmusicoftheearlynineteen-sixties.Manyofhissongswereaboutsocialissues.HesangabouttheeffectsofunemploymentandthewarinVietnam8．Whichisthemaintopicofthispassage?A．ThehistoryofAmericanmusic.B．Thedevelopmentofrockandrollmusic.C．Thefamousrockandrollgroups.D．Thenewformsofrockandrollmusic.9．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A．TheBeatles’musicwasasviolentasanearthquakeinAmerica.B．TheBeatleslookeddifferentbecauseanearthquakehitAmerica.C．TheBeatles’musichadagreateffectontherockandrollmusicinAmerica.D．TheBeatles’musicwasgreatlyinfluencedbyAmericanrockandrollmusic.10．Whosesongsweremainlyaboutsocialproblemslikeunemploymentandwar?A．ElvisPresley’s. B．BobDylan’s.C．ChuckBerry’s. D．Springsteen’s.11．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．OneoftheRollingStones’albumswascalled“concept”.B．AllofthetopfiverecordsinAmericawerebyTheBeatlesin1964.C．TheRollingStoneswastheonlybandthatbecamepopularinAmericaD．Allthemostpopularrockandrollmusiciansinthe1960swereAmerican.【答案】8．B9．C10．D11．B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了搖滾樂的起源及發(fā)展，以及一些非常著名的搖滾樂隊(duì)和歌手。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“RockandrollmusicdevelopedintheUnitedStatesintheearlynineteen-fifties(搖滾樂在美國興起于二十世紀(jì)五十年代初)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要講了搖滾樂的發(fā)展。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheBeatleschangedrockandrollforever.TheirearlysongswereinfluencedbyAmericanrockandrollmusicians,includingChuckBerry.(甲殼蟲樂隊(duì)永遠(yuǎn)地改變了搖滾樂。他們早期的歌曲受到美國搖滾音樂家的影響，包括查克?貝里。)”可知，甲殼蟲樂隊(duì)的音樂對美國的搖滾樂產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“socialproblems”可定位到文章最后一段。根據(jù)該段中的“Springsteen’smusicwaslikethelivelyrockandrollmusicoftheearlynineteen-sixties.Manyofhissongswereaboutsocialissues.(斯普林斯汀的音樂就像二十世紀(jì)六十年代早期活躍的搖滾樂，他的許多歌曲都是關(guān)于社會(huì)問題的。)”可知，Springsteen的歌主要是關(guān)于一些社會(huì)問題的。故選D。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“TheBeatlesreleasedtheirfirstalbumintheUnitedStatesin1964,whenallofthetopfiverecordsinAmericawerebyTheBeatles.(甲殼蟲樂隊(duì)于1964年在美國發(fā)行了他們的第一張專輯，當(dāng)時(shí)美國所有排名前五的唱片都是甲殼蟲樂隊(duì)的。)”可知，在1964年，美國所有排名前五的唱片都是甲殼蟲樂隊(duì)的。故選B。D（2022·河北張家口·高一期末）Beethoven,oneoftheworld’smost-lovedcomposers,isfamousforhisninesymphonies(交響樂).Beforehedied,hebegananewsymphony,butneverfinishedit.Computerscientistsandmusicianshavenowusedartificialintelligencetofinishhis10thSymphony.Beethovenwrotemanyfamouspiecesofmusic,buthe’sprobablybestknownforhisninesymphonies.Asymphonyisalong,grandpieceofclassicalmusic,usuallydividedintofourparts.Thefourpartsareoftenlinkedby“themes”—repeatedmusicalideasthattiethewholepiecetogether.WhenBeethovendiedin1827,hehadsomeideasfora10thSymphony.Butallthatheleftbehindweresomenotesaboutthepieceandafew“sketches”—shortbitsofwrittenmusic.In2019,aspecialteamofmusicians,computerscientists,andhistorianswasformed.TotrainanAItohelpwiththesymphony,theteamturnedeverypieceofmusicthatBeethoveneverwroteintoaformthecomputercouldunderstand.ByfeedingtheprogramallofBeethoven’smusic,theAIcouldlookforpatternsinthewayBeethovenwrote.Thisincluded,forexample,howhereusedsimplemelodies(旋律)allthroughapiecetocreateatheme,orhowhemovedbetweendifferentpartsofthesymphony.Thus,itwouldbemucheasierforthespecialteamtofinishBeethoven’s10thSymphony.Oneearlytesttoldtheteamtheywereontherighttrack.TheytookafewminutesofmusiccreatedbytheAIbasedonBeethoven’ssketches,andplayeditforBeethovenexperts,musicians,andreporters.NoonecouldtellwhichpartshadbeenwrittenbyBeethovenandwhichpartstheAImadeup.Finally,theAIhadthechallengeoftryingtoconnectthelittlemusicalbitsintoasymphony.Ittookovertwoyears,buttheteamwasabletocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphony.Notsimplyamelody,but40minutesofmusicforafullorchestra—alargegroupofmusiciansplayingeverythingfromstringinstruments,likeviolins,trumpets,flutes,drums,andpiano.12．Whatdoesthewriterintendtodoinparagraph1?A．Toexplainwhatartificialintelligenceis.B．Togivereadersageneralideaofthetext.C．TotellreadershowBeethovenislovedbypeople.D．ToshowthereasonforBeethoven’snewsymphony.13．Whatisthegoalofthespecialteam?A．TolearntoplayBeethoven’sninesymphonies.B．TofeedallBeethoven’ssymphoniesintocomputer.C．TotrytocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphony.D．Tocreateanewpieceofmusicbasedonthe10thSymphony.14．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Thespecialteam’sgreateffortspaidoff.B．ItwaschallengingforAItocompletethetask.C．Beethoven’ssketchesweretoohardtofigureout.D．AIcreatedsimplyamelodyofBeethoven’s10thSymphony.15．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Abrochure. B．Atextbook.C．Amusicreview. D．Anewswebsite.【答案】12．B13．C14．A15．D【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道了音樂家、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家組成了一個(gè)特殊的團(tuán)隊(duì)，利用人工智能根據(jù)貝多芬生前留下的手稿完成了第十交響曲。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Computerscientistsandmusicianshavenowusedartificialintelligencetofinishhis10thSymphony.(計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和音樂家現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)使用人工智能完成了他的第十交響曲)”可知，第一段指出作者計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和音樂家現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)使用人工智能完成了他的第十交響曲，接著文章第二段介紹了貝多芬的第十交響曲未完成，只留下了一些稿子。接著第三段和第四段主要介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和音樂家使用人工智能完成了他的第十交響曲的過程，由此可知，文章主要介紹了音樂家、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家組成了一個(gè)特殊的團(tuán)隊(duì)，利用人工智能根據(jù)貝多芬生前留下的手稿完成了第十交響曲，所以第一段總領(lǐng)全文，讓讀者大致了解文章內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2019,aspecialteamofmusicians,computerscientists,andhistorianswasformed.TotrainanAItohelpwiththesymphony,theteamturnedeverypieceofmusicthatBeethoveneverwroteintoaformthecomputercouldunderstand.(2019年，一支由音樂家、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家組成的特殊團(tuán)隊(duì)成立。為了訓(xùn)練人工智能幫助創(chuàng)作交響樂，該團(tuán)隊(duì)將貝多芬創(chuàng)作的每一首音樂都轉(zhuǎn)換成了計(jì)算機(jī)可以理解的形式)”以及“Thus,itwouldbemucheasierforthespecialteamtofinishBeethoven’s10thSymphony.(以此方式，這個(gè)特殊團(tuán)隊(duì)完成貝多芬的第十交響曲要容易得多)”可知，這個(gè)特殊團(tuán)隊(duì)的目標(biāo)是利用人工智能完成貝多芬的第十交響曲。故選C項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ittookovertwoyears,buttheteamwasabletocompleteBeethoven’s10thSymphony.Notsimplyamelody,but40minutesofmusicforafullorchestra—alargegroupofmusiciansplayingeverythingfromstringinstruments,likeviolins,trumpets,flutes,drums,andpiano.(雖然花了兩年多的時(shí)間，但這支隊(duì)伍還是完成了貝多芬的第十交響曲。不僅僅是一段旋律，而是一個(gè)完整的管弦樂隊(duì)40分鐘的音樂——一大群音樂家演奏各種弦樂器，如小提琴、小號、長笛、鼓和鋼琴)”可知，這個(gè)特殊團(tuán)隊(duì)最終完成了貝多芬的第十交響曲，他們的努力收到了成效。故選A項(xiàng)。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Computerscientistsandmusicianshavenowusedartificialintelligencetofinishhis10thSymphony.(計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和音樂家現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)使用人工智能完成了他的第十交響曲)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要報(bào)道了音樂家、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家組成了一個(gè)特殊的團(tuán)隊(duì)，利用人工智能根據(jù)貝多芬生前留下的手稿完成了第十交響曲，第一段總括文章內(nèi)容，符合新聞報(bào)道的特征，推測文章可能出現(xiàn)在新聞網(wǎng)站上。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2022·北京·東直門中學(xué)高一階段練習(xí)）SlideguitarSomepeoplemaybefamiliarwiththedifferentstylesofmusicplayedonguitars.Oneofthesewonderfulstylesofmusiccomesfromwhatiscalledtheslideguitar._____16_____Thesoundsthatcomefromaslideguitarareunforgettableandjustsoenjoyable.The“slide”referstotheactiontheplayermakes,whereheslidesanobjectacrossthestringsproducinga“gliding”(滑動(dòng))typeofsound.Althoughitisnotentirelyclearhowtheslideguitartechniquecametobeused,mostexpertsagreethatitsoriginsarefromanAfricansingle-stringinstrumentsimilartoaviolin.______17______Itwasawayofconveyingtheplayers’feelingsthattheyweretryingtoexpress.SlideguitarhasalsobeenknownforbeingusedwithHawaiianmusic.______18______NativesofHawaiiandthePacificIslandhadinstrumentssimilartothosefoundinAfrica.AsindividualsfrommoreandmorecultureswenttomainlandAmerica,theuseofslideinstrumentsbecamemorecommon.Theslideguitarsoundshavereallystruckallofitslistenersandmusicians,showingthemthatthisstyleisimprovingconstantlygivingnewhopetothenewtypesofmusic.______19______Allyouneedisyourguitarandaslide.Slidescanbefoundanywherefrom＄5to＄25,butmanyplayersliketomaketheirownslides.Themostconvenientslideisoftenmadefromtheneckofaglassbottle.Infact,therearemanytypesof“slides”usedinplayingtheslideguitar.Besidesbottlenecks,playershaveusedmetaltubes,knivesorglasstubestoachievethedesired“slide”sound.______20______A．Peopleinthoseareasfoundthatmovingobjectsacrossstringedinstrumentscouldproduceanattractivesound.B．Thecompaniesworkdayandnightcreatingthesetypesofslideguitars.C．Itinfluencedtheslideguitarstyleaswell.D．Itisaparticularmethodortechniqueforplayingtheguitar.E．Forthatreason,theyshouldbecarefulthattheirfingerdoesn’tgetstuckorcutintheprocess.F．Onceithit,ithithard,andeveryonewastalkingaboutthisnewunbelievablesound.G．Slideguitarissomethingthatyoucanexperimentwithlowcosts.【答案】16．D17．A18．C19．G20．E【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了滑動(dòng)吉他，從它的起源，作用和成本等方面進(jìn)行了闡述。16．根據(jù)上文“Oneofthesewonderfulstylesofmusiccomesfromwhatiscalledtheslideguitar.(這些美妙的音樂風(fēng)格之一來自所謂的滑動(dòng)吉他)”，可知文章要介紹的是華東吉他，接著要對它進(jìn)一步說明，D選項(xiàng)（這是一種演奏吉他的特殊方法或技巧）符合題意。故選D。17．根據(jù)上文“Althoughitisnotentirelyclearhowtheslideguitartechniquecametobeused,mostexpertsagreethatitsoriginsarefromanAfricansingle-stringinstrumentsimilartoaviolin.(雖然目前還不完全清楚滑動(dòng)吉他技術(shù)是如何被使用的，但大多數(shù)專家都同意，它的起源是一種類似小提琴的非洲單弦樂器)”和下文“Itwasawayofconveyingtheplayers’feelingsthattheyweretryingtoexpress.(這是一種傳達(dá)球員們想要表達(dá)的情感的方式。)”，可知A選項(xiàng)（這些地區(qū)的人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過弦樂器移動(dòng)物體可以產(chǎn)生有吸引力的聲音）中這些地區(qū)指的就是大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)同的非洲地區(qū)，且選項(xiàng)中的“有吸引力的聲音”也是下一句中傳達(dá)球員們想要表達(dá)的情感的方式。故選A。18．根據(jù)上文“SlideguitarhasalsobeenknownforbeingusedwithHawaiianmusic.(滑動(dòng)吉他也因與夏威夷音樂配合使用而聞名)”，可知滑動(dòng)吉他也受到夏威夷音樂的影響，C選項(xiàng)（它也影響了滑動(dòng)吉他的風(fēng)格）符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的“It”指的就是夏威夷音樂。故選C。19．本句位于句首，是主題句，根據(jù)下文“Allyouneedisyourguitarandaslide.Slidescanbefoundanywherefrom＄5to＄25,butmanyplayersliketomaketheirownslides.(你只需要你的吉他和一張幻燈片?；脽羝梢栽?美元到25美元之間的任何地方找到，但許多玩家喜歡自己制作幻燈片。)”，可知這里描述的是滑動(dòng)吉他成本便宜，G選項(xiàng)（滑動(dòng)吉他是一種可以用低成本進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的東西。）符合題意。故選G。20．根據(jù)上文“Besidesbottlenecks,playershaveusedmetaltubes,knivesorglasstubestoachievethedesired“slide”sound.(除了瓶頸之外，玩家還使用金屬管、刀具或玻璃管來實(shí)現(xiàn)所需的“滑動(dòng)”聲音)”，可知前文提到的這些東西都是鋒利的危險(xiǎn)品，所以彈琴時(shí)需要注意不要傷著手指，E選項(xiàng)（因此，他們應(yīng)該小心，不要在過程中卡住或割傷手指。）符合題意。故選E。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2022·全國·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）Lastyear,acommunitytheaterdecidedtofindsomeonetoactintheproductionofTheSoundofMusic.Myhusbandsaidourdaughtersmightenjoybeinga(n)

____21____ofit.“Youcantryoutfortheband,”hesaid.“I’mnottryingoutfortheband,”Ianswered.“I’mtryingoutfortheshow.”Buttherewasone____22____withmydeclaration(宣布):I’dneversung____23____.Mydaughterswantedtogoon,sowepreparedtoaudition(試鏡).Butwhenthedaycame,Istartedtogetcoldfeet.Mychildrenlookedtomeforcourage.____24____wouldsetabadexample.SinceIwasauditioningalongsidethem,Ihadtogivethem____25____.“Whetheryou’rechosenornotisn’timportant—doingyourbestiswhatmatters,”I’dbeentellingthem.NowIhadto____26____it.Isangmysong,tryingtolookcomfortableandconfident.Mydaughters____27____quitewell.Thenwewaited.Iwasexcited.NotonlywasIchosen—Iwasaleadandweallmadeit!To____28____,IsangtothecatandthedisheswhenIwasathomealone.IknewI’dhavetogetovermy____29____sinceI’dneversunginfrontofsomanypeople.Itoldfriendsandfamilyaboutthe____30____.EveryonewantedtoseeitsinceIwasinitwithmydaughters.Ididn’twantthetheatertobe____31____,butIdidn’twantitpackedeither.____32____,ifitwasfull,Ipreferredtofillitmyselfwith____33____faces.Theshowwentoffsmoothly.Friendsandacquaintances(熟人)allcongratulatedus.Afterthatexperience,I____34____moreauditionsandevenlearnedtoenjoysingingonstage.AndIfilledmylifewith____35____.21．A．a(chǎn)udience B．fan C．helper D．part22．A．decision B．problem C．condition D．point23．A．publicly B．softly C．happily D．loudly24．A．Lying B．Failing C．Givingup D．Stayingup25．A．interest B．peace C．growth D．confidence26．A．improve B．realize C．a(chǎn)ccept D．consider27．A．recovered B．performed C．measured D．managed28．A．celebrate B．check C．learn D．prepare29．A．pride B．difference C．fear D．shortcoming30．A．band B．trouble C．show D．experience31．A．empty B．noisy C．large D．quiet32．A．Besides B．Instead C．Thus D．However33．A．new B．lovely C．friendly D．funny34．A．braved B．organized C．watched D．knew35．A．color B．music C．hope D．love【答案】21．D22．B23．A24．C25．D26．B27．B28．D29．C30．C31．A32．D33．C34．A35．B【解析】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了作者和女兒們一起參加試鏡，最終在音樂劇《音樂之聲》的表演中獲得成功的故事，從此作者的生活充滿了音樂。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我丈夫說我們的女兒可能會(huì)喜歡成為其中的一個(gè)角色。A.audience觀眾；B.fan粉絲，狂熱愛好者；C.helper幫手；D.part部分，角色。根據(jù)下文可知，孩子們也參加了試鏡，并在音樂劇中獲得角色表演，由此可知，丈夫說孩子們喜歡扮演音樂劇中的角色。故選D項(xiàng)。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我宣布時(shí)有個(gè)問題：我從未在公開場合唱過歌。A.decision決定；B.problem問題；C.condition條件；D.point觀點(diǎn)。由下文“I’dneversung____3____.”可知，此處表示作者雖然想?yún)⒓友莩?，但是存在一個(gè)問題。故選B項(xiàng)。23．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我宣布時(shí)有個(gè)問題：我從未在公開場合唱過歌。A.publicly公開地；B.softly溫柔地，柔和地；C.happily高興地；D.loudly大聲地。由下文的“sinceI’dneversunginfrontofsomanypeople(因?yàn)槲覐膩頉]有在這么多人面前唱過歌)”可知，作者存在的問題是她從來沒有在公共場合演唱過。故選A項(xiàng)。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義和動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：放棄會(huì)樹立一個(gè)不好的榜樣。A.Lying說謊，躺；B.Failing失??；C.Givingup放棄；D.Stayingup熬夜。從上文的“Istartedtogetcoldfeet.Mychildrenlookedtomeforcourage.(我開始臨陣退縮。但是我的孩子們期望我找到勇氣)”可知，作者試鏡前緊張，想退出，但認(rèn)為放棄會(huì)給孩子們樹立不好的榜樣。故選C項(xiàng)。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)槲液退麄円黄鹪囩R，我必須給他們信心。A.interest興趣；B.peace和平，平靜；C.growth成長；D.confidence信心。由上文語境可知，作者想增加孩子們的自信心。故選D項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我必須要實(shí)現(xiàn)它。A.improve提高；B.realize意識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)；C.accept接受；D.consider考慮。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者一直告訴孩子們不管能不能得到角色都不重要，重要的是自己盡力了，現(xiàn)在她要實(shí)現(xiàn)這句話。故選B項(xiàng)。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的女兒們表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)好。A.recovered恢復(fù)，康復(fù)；B.performed表演，表現(xiàn)；C.measured測量；D.managed管理，設(shè)法做到。從下文“weallmadeit”可知，孩子們和作者都被選上了，所以她們的試演很成功。故選B項(xiàng)。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了準(zhǔn)備，當(dāng)我一個(gè)人在家的時(shí)候，我唱歌給貓和盤子。A.celebrate慶祝；B.check檢查；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)“IsangtothecatandthedisheswhenIwasathomealone”可知，作者獨(dú)自在家時(shí)對貓和盤子唱歌，是為了準(zhǔn)備這部音樂劇。故選D項(xiàng)。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我必須克服我的恐懼，因?yàn)槲覐膩頉]有在這么多人面前唱歌。A.pride驕傲；B.difference不同；C.fear害怕，恐懼；D.shortcoming缺點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“sinceI’dneversunginfrontofsomanypeople”可知，作者從來都沒有在很多人面前唱過歌，感到很害怕。故選C項(xiàng)。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把這場演出告訴了我的朋友和家人。A.band樂隊(duì)；B.trouble麻煩；C.show演出，節(jié)目；D.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)上文“I’mtryingoutfortheshow.(我要報(bào)名參加這個(gè)演出)”及下文“EveryonewantedtoseeitsinceIwasinitwithmydaughters.(每個(gè)人都想看，因?yàn)槲液臀业呐畠簜冊诶锩?”可知，作者告訴了親朋好友這場表演。故選C項(xiàng)。31．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想讓劇院空無一人，但也不想讓它擠滿了人。A.empty空的；B.noisy喧鬧的；C.large大的；D.quiet安靜的。此處與下文“butIdidn’twantitpackedeither”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以是作者不想讓劇場里面空蕩蕩的。故選A項(xiàng)。32．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，如果滿了，我更喜歡滿是自己安排的友好面孔。A.Besides此外；B.Instead相反；C.Thus因此；D.However然而。上文提到作者不想讓劇院擠滿了人，與下文“如果擠滿了人”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，如果滿了，我更喜歡滿是自己安排的友好面孔。A.new新的；B.lovely可愛的；C.friendly友好的；D.funny有趣的。由上文作者通知親朋好友可知，作者希望如果劇場里面要坐滿人的話，盡量都是一些友好的面孔。故選C項(xiàng)。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那次經(jīng)歷之后，我經(jīng)歷了更多的試鏡，甚至學(xué)會(huì)了在舞臺(tái)上唱歌。A.braved勇敢面對；B.organized組織；C.watched觀看；D.knew知道。結(jié)合語境及“evenlearnedtoenjoysingingonstage”可知，經(jīng)歷了這次演出，作者有了信心，又勇敢地參加了更多的試鏡。故選A項(xiàng)。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的生活中充滿了音樂。A.color顏色；B.music音樂；C.hope希望；D.love愛。根據(jù)上文可知，作者演出的是《音樂之聲》這個(gè)音樂劇，而且她在準(zhǔn)備期間也是一有時(shí)間就練習(xí)唱歌，由此可知，她的生活中充滿了音樂。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)（2022·遼寧·沈陽市第一二〇中學(xué)高一期末）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。QiaoYuisasongwriterwhopennedtimelessclassicsthat____36____(sing)fromgenerationtogenerationinChinafordecades.Hewrotemorethan1,100lyricsallhislife,manyof____37____arebeingrememberedeventoday.Qiaoissaidtohavestartedhis____38____(enthusiastic)withwordsfromtheearlyageof4.HecouldalsoreciteancientpoemsfromtheTangandSongdynasties.Butitwasn’t____39____hislateteensthathepennedhisfirstownpoem.Qiaorosetofamein1955afterwriting“Let’sPullonOurOars(槳)”knowntomostChinesechildren.“Ourboatis____40____(gentle)driftingonthelake/Acoolbreezeisrustlingforoursake/Ourhomeworkhasbeenwelldone/Let’sheartilyhavealotoffun,”saysthesong.ButQiao’sgreatesthitcamein1956,____41____“MyMotherland”becomingapatriotictuneinthemovieBattleonShangganlingMountain.“Agreatriver____42____(flow),itswavesarewide/Windblowsthescentofflowerstobothshores/Myfamilylivesontheshore/Iamusedtohearingthepunters’(艄公)call/Andseeingthewhitesailsontheboats,”saysthestartofthesong.Geniusastheselinesnoware,____43____moviedirectoratfirstaskedQiaotoclearlyspelloutthe“greatriver”astheYangtzeitself.“However,”Qiaosaid,“the‘greatriver’____44____(refer)tointhelinesisalwaysthereinfrontofyourhome,andthestoriesandmemoriesalongtherivermakeup_____45_____itistomakeyoufeelclosetoyourhometown.”【答案】36．havebeensung37．which38．enthusiasm39．until40．gently41．with42．flowing43．the44．referred45．what【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了著名詞作家喬羽，他創(chuàng)作的經(jīng)典作品在中國代代相傳，流傳數(shù)十年。36．考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：喬羽是一名詞曲作家，他所寫的不朽經(jīng)典在中國被一代又一代傳唱了幾十年。此處是定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞，由時(shí)間狀語fordecades可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，that指代先行詞timelessclassics，與sing是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，timelessclassics是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填havebeensung。37．考查定語從句。句意：他一生創(chuàng)作了1100多首歌詞，其中許多至今仍被人銘記。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是morethan1,100lyrics，指物，在從句中作主語，且位于介詞of之后，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。故填which。38．考查名詞。句意：據(jù)說，喬老師從4歲起就對語言產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。形容詞性物主代詞his之后接名詞，enthusiasm是不可數(shù)名詞。故填enthusiasm。39．考查介詞。句意：但直到他十幾歲的時(shí)候，他才寫了第一首自己的詩。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“直到他十幾歲的時(shí)候，他才寫了第一首自己的詩”，應(yīng)用介詞until。故填until。40．考查副詞。句意：“小船兒輕輕飄蕩在水中/迎面吹來了涼爽的風(fēng)/做完了一天的功課/我們來盡情歡樂，”那首歌唱道。此處修飾動(dòng)詞drifting，應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語。故填gently。41．考查介詞。句意：但喬老師最成功的一次是在1956年，《我的祖國》成為電影《上甘嶺戰(zhàn)役》中的愛國歌曲。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，作原因狀語。故填with。42．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：“一條大河波浪寬/風(fēng)吹稻花香兩岸/我家就在岸上住/聽?wèi)T了艄公的號子/看慣了船上的白帆，”歌曲開頭唱道。此處與river是邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語，表主動(dòng)。故填flowing。43．考查冠詞。句意：盡管這些歌詞現(xiàn)在看來很精華，但電影導(dǎo)演一開始清楚地要求喬老師把“大河”改成長江。此處特指電影《上甘嶺戰(zhàn)役》的導(dǎo)演，應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。44．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：“然而，”喬說，“歌詞中提到的那條‘大河’總是在你的家門口，而沿著這條河的故事和回憶，讓你覺得離家鄉(xiāng)很近。”此處與the‘greatriver’是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動(dòng)。故填referred。45．考查賓語從句。句意：“然而，”喬說，“歌詞中提到的那條‘大河’總是在你的家門口，而沿著這條河的故事和回憶，讓你覺得離家鄉(xiāng)很近?！贝颂幨琴e語從句，在從句中作表語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)（2022·廣西·北海市教育教學(xué)研究室高一期末）假定你是李華，你的澳大利亞朋友Sally來信跟你談?wù)摵鸵魳酚嘘P(guān)的話題。請根據(jù)以下要求回復(fù)郵件，談?wù)勀愕挠^點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括：1.你所喜愛的音樂種類；2.音樂能給人們帶來哪些幫助。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearSally,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssin