Unit 2 Topic 1 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)綜合提升練（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1Unit2SavingtheEarthTopic1Pollutionhascausedtoomanyproblems.班級(jí)___________姓名___________學(xué)號(hào)____________分?jǐn)?shù)____________（考試時(shí)間：60分鐘試卷滿分：100分）一、單項(xiàng)選擇（每小題1分，共15分）1．（2021·云南九年級(jí)二模）—How’syourday?—It’s________.BecauseIhavemyfavoriteclasstoday.A．a(chǎn)wful B．boring C．enjoyable D．normal【答案】C【詳解】句意：——今天怎么樣？——很愉快。因?yàn)榻裉煳矣凶钕矚g的課?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。awful可怕的；boring無(wú)聊的；enjoyable愉快的；normal正常的。根據(jù)后句“BecauseIhavemyfavoriteclasstoday.”可推知，應(yīng)是很愉快。故選C。2．（2021·遼寧九年級(jí)一模）ThereisgoingtobeanEnglishmovieinourschool__________theeveningofJune30.A．on B．a(chǎn)t C．in D．for【答案】A【詳解】句意：6月30日晚上我們學(xué)校將會(huì)有一場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)電影?？疾榻樵~辨析。on在具體某一天或具體某一天的上午、下午或晚上；at后跟具體的時(shí)刻；in泛指在上午、下午或晚上；用在年、月、季節(jié)前；for后跟一段時(shí)間。空后指的是6月30日的晚上，應(yīng)用on。故選A。3．（2021·浙江）—Ireadforatleasttwohourseveryday.—Wow!That’sagreat________.Readingmakesafullman.A．excuse B．dream C．shame D．habit【答案】D【詳解】句意：——我每天至少閱讀2個(gè)小時(shí)。——哇！那真是一個(gè)很好的習(xí)慣。閱讀使人充實(shí)?？疾槊~辨析。excuse理由；dream夢(mèng)想；shame羞愧；habit習(xí)慣；根據(jù)“Ireadforatleasttwohourseveryday”可知，此空是贊嘆對(duì)方有很好的習(xí)慣，所以空格處填habit。故選D。4．（2021·河北張家口）Believeinyourselfandyouaresuretomakea________.A．mess B．face C．mistake D．difference【答案】D【詳解】句意：相信自己，你一定會(huì)有所作為?？疾槊~辨析。mess雜亂、不整潔；face臉；mistake錯(cuò)誤；difference不同。根據(jù)前半句“Believeinyourself”可推知，后句是makeadifference短語(yǔ)，即有所作為。故選D。5．（2021·江蘇蘇州·九年級(jí)月考）Shefoundherlovelypetdog________andfeltsadaboutthe________ofit.A．losing;loss B．lose;losing C．lost;loss D．lost;lost【答案】C【詳解】句意：她發(fā)現(xiàn)她可愛(ài)的寵物狗丟了，感到很難過(guò)?？疾樵~義辨析。losing丟失，動(dòng)名詞；loss丟失，名詞；lost丟失，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，丟失的，形容詞。find表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，固定搭配：findsth+形容詞，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)某物……”，故第一空填形容詞lost。定冠詞the后接名詞，the+n+ofsth，故第二空填名詞loss，故選C。6．Theteacherdividedus________fourgroups.A．in B．to C．into D．onto【答案】C【詳解】句意：老師將我們分成四組?？疾榻樵~辨析。in在……里面；to到；into到……里面；onto到……上面。o...意為“把……分成……”。故選C。7．（2020·浙江）Someanimals_________thetiger,thelionandthewolfaremeat-eaters.A．suchlike B．suchas C．forexample D．including【答案】B【詳解】句意：一些動(dòng)物例如老虎，獅子和狼都是食肉動(dòng)物。考查介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)。suchlike相似的東西，常放句末使用；suchas例如，后可接幾個(gè)例子，但不能例舉完整；forexample例如，后接一個(gè)具體的例子；including包括，使用時(shí)前面需加逗號(hào)。空格前沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，空格后有3個(gè)例子，故選B。8．（2020·天津九年級(jí)月考）—HowwasyourvisittoTibet?—________.Thesceneryisamazing!A．Itwaswonderful B．ItwashardtosayC．Ididn’tenjoyit D．Itwasunpleasant【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你的西藏之行怎么樣？——太棒了。風(fēng)景真是太美了！考查情景交際。Itwaswonderful太棒了；Itwashardtosay很難說(shuō)；Ididn’tenjoyit我不喜歡；Itwasunpleasant很不愉快。根據(jù)后一句“Thesceneryisamazing!風(fēng)景真是太美了！”可知旅行很棒，故選A。9．Pollutiondoesharmtoourhealthanditmakespeople_____.A．tofeelterrible B．feelterrible C．tofeelterribly D．feelterribly【答案】B【解析】句意：污染對(duì)我們的健康有害，它使人感到可怕。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析題。makesb.do讓/使某人做……，固定表達(dá)，可排除AC兩項(xiàng)。feel是感官動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于系詞，后接形容詞，可排除C。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)境，可知選B。10．（2020·全國(guó)九年級(jí)課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thereis_____pollutionintheworld.Wemuststopit.A．muchtoo B．toomuch C．manytoo D．toomany【答案】B【詳解】試題分析：句意為：世界上的污染太嚴(yán)重了，我們必須控制它。muchtoo太，修飾形容詞或副詞；toomuch太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；toomany太多，修飾可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意和空后的pollution可知答案選B。11．（2020·重慶九年級(jí)期中）—Don'teattoomuchcandy,forit's_____yourteeth.—Oh,Igetit.Thankyou.A．harmto B．goodfor C．badlyto D．harmfulto【答案】D【詳解】句意：——不要吃太多糖。因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)你的牙齒有害。——哦，我知道了，謝謝你?？疾樾稳菰~短語(yǔ)。begoodfor對(duì)……有好處；beharmfulto對(duì)……有害；doharmto對(duì)……有害，根據(jù)所給空前面it's可知，后面應(yīng)該用形容詞，排除A和C，由Don'teattoomuchcandy可知，應(yīng)該是因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)你的牙齒有害，排除B，故選D。12．（2021·合肥市第四十五中學(xué)九年級(jí)二模）—Mary,pleasetrysomebeef.—-Thanks,ittastes________.Iwantmore.A．terrible B．well C．good D．a(chǎn)wful【答案】C【詳解】句意：——瑪麗，請(qǐng)吃些牛肉。——謝謝。它品嘗起來(lái)很美味。我想要更多。考查形容詞。terrible糟糕，可怕的；well好地；good好的；awful糟糕。根據(jù)“Iwantmore”可知表達(dá)“品嘗起來(lái)很美味”，用形容詞“good”做表語(yǔ)。故選C。13．（2021·包頭市第二十九中學(xué)）Mr.Ligavethetextbookstoallthestudents______theoneswhohadalreadytakenaway.A．except B．including C．a(chǎn)mong D．with【答案】A【詳解】句意：李老師把課本發(fā)給了所有的學(xué)生，除了那些已經(jīng)拿走的學(xué)生。考查介詞辨析。except除……之外；including包括；among在……之中；with和……一起。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推測(cè)，已經(jīng)帶走課本的就已經(jīng)有課本了，不必重復(fù)發(fā)放，也就是說(shuō)李老師只需把課本發(fā)放給除已經(jīng)拿走課本以外的學(xué)生。故選A。14．（2021·天津九年級(jí)二模）Mymotherfeltsotiredyesterdaythatshefellasleep________inbedaftersupper.A．recently B．suddenly C．hardly D．immediately【答案】D【詳解】句意：我媽媽昨天感到很累，晚飯后她在床上馬上睡著了?？疾楦痹~辨析。recently最近；suddenly突然；hardly幾乎不；immediately立即，馬上。根據(jù)“Mymotherfeltsotired”可知，媽媽很累，所以晚飯后馬上睡著了。故選D。15．（2021·江西省彭澤私立新星學(xué)校九年級(jí)一模）Ifyouhavealotof________inyourlife,youshouldtakemoreexercise.A．dream B．stress C．space D．waste【答案】B【詳解】句意：如果你的生活壓力很大，你應(yīng)該多鍛煉?？疾槊~辨析。dream夢(mèng)想；stress壓力；space空間；waste浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)“youshouldtakemoreexercise.”及選項(xiàng)分析可知，應(yīng)該是多運(yùn)動(dòng)，可以減壓。故選B。二、完型填空（每小題1分，共10分）Somepeoplesaytheyhaveasolutiontotheproblemsofcarcrowdingandpollution.Inmanycities,hundredsofpeople16bikestoworkeveryday.IntheNewYorkCity,somebikeridershaveevenfoundedagroup:BikeforaBetterCity.Theysayifmorepeopleridebikestowork,therewouldbe17carsandlessdirtyair.Forseveralyearsthisgrouphastriedtogatherhelpforbikeriders.Theywanttohavespecialroads18bikesonly,becausewhenbikesandcarsusethesameroads,theremaybeaccidents.BikeforaBetterCitythinksiftherewerebikeroads,morepeoplewouldusebikes.Butnobikeroadshavebeenestablished19.Noteveryonethinksitisagood20.Driversdon’tlikeit,andsomeshopownersdon’tlikeit,21.Andmostpeoplelive22farfromthecitytotravelbybike.Still,23hasbeendoneaboutit.OnSaturdaysandSundays,thelargestopenparkinNewYorkis24tocars,andtheroadsmaybeusedbybikesonly,butthegroupstillsaysthisisnotenoughandgoesonfighting25bikeroads.Ithinktherewillbemorebikeroadsinthefuture.16．A．on B．ride C．by D．take17．A．fewer B．less C．many D．more18．A．until B．for C．a(chǎn)s D．of19．A．yet B．a(chǎn)lready C．still D．once20．A．hope B．way C．help D．idea21．A．so B．a(chǎn)nd C．a(chǎn)lso D．either22．A．very B．quite C．too D．so23．A．everything B．something C．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing24．A．closed B．open C．opening D．closing25．A．get B．toget C．a(chǎn)sk D．toask【答案】16．B17．A18．B19．A20．D21．D22．C23．B24．A25．B【分析】本文講述了人們?yōu)榱私鉀Q空氣污染和汽車(chē)擁堵，騎自行車(chē)去上班。在紐約市，一些騎自行車(chē)的人甚至成立了一個(gè)團(tuán)體:自行車(chē)讓城市更美好。這個(gè)團(tuán)體認(rèn)為如果有自行車(chē)通道，更多的人會(huì)使用自行車(chē)。但是還沒(méi)有建立自行車(chē)通道。16．考查介詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.on在……上面，onabike騎自行車(chē)，B.ride騎，ridebikes自行車(chē)，C.by通過(guò)，bybike騎自行車(chē)，D.take拿走，takeabike騎自行車(chē)。句意：在許多城市，每天好幾百人騎自行車(chē)去上班。從作謂語(yǔ)，故用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，ridebikes騎自行車(chē)，故選B。17．考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.fewer更少的，修飾可數(shù)名詞；B.less更少的，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；C.many很多的，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；D.more更多的，修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。句意：他們說(shuō)如果更多的人自行車(chē)去上班，將會(huì)有更少的車(chē)和更少的污濁空氣。根據(jù)lessdirtyair可知此處表示更少的汽車(chē)，此處修飾可數(shù)名詞cars，故為fewer，故選A。18．考查介詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.until直到，B.for為了，C.as作為，D.of……的。句意：他們想要擁有專為自行車(chē)的通道，因?yàn)楫?dāng)自行車(chē)和汽車(chē)使用同樣的路時(shí)，可能會(huì)有事故。根據(jù)后文的BikeforaBetterCitythinksiftherewerebikeroads,morepeoplewouldusebikes.可知專為自行車(chē)的路，故用介詞for，故選B。19．考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.yet然而，用于一般疑問(wèn)句或否定句；B.already已經(jīng)，用于肯定句；C.still仍然，D.once曾經(jīng)。句意：但是還沒(méi)有建立自行車(chē)通道。根據(jù)nobikeroads可知此處表示還沒(méi)有建立自行車(chē)通道，故用yet，故選A。20．考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.hope希望，B.way方法，C.help幫助，D.idea主意。句意：不是所有的人都認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意。根據(jù)前文的BikeforaBetterCitythinksiftherewerebikeroads,morepeoplewouldusebikes.可知，此處表示想法，主意，故選D。21．考查連詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.so所以，B.and而且，C.also也，位于句中；D.either也，用于否定句句末。句意：司機(jī)不喜歡它，一些店主也不喜歡它。根據(jù)don’tlikeit可知此處是否定句句末，故用either，故選D。22．考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.very非常，B.quite相當(dāng)，C.too太，D.so如此。句意：大多數(shù)人住得離城市太遠(yuǎn)而無(wú)法騎自行車(chē)旅行。too+形容詞/副詞+todosth“太……而不能做某事”，故選C。23．考查代詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.everything一切，B.something某物，C.anything任何事物，D.nothing沒(méi)什么。句意：盡管如此，我們還是采取了一些措施。此處是肯定句，故用something，故選B。24．考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.closed關(guān)，B.open打開(kāi)，C.opening打開(kāi)，D.closing關(guān)上。句意：在周六和周日，紐約最大的開(kāi)放公園對(duì)汽車(chē)關(guān)閉，道路可以只供自行車(chē)使用，但該組織仍表示這是不夠的，并繼續(xù)爭(zhēng)取修建自行車(chē)通道。根據(jù)andtheroadsmaybeusedbybikesonly,可知道路只讓自行車(chē)使用，因此汽車(chē)通行的道路被關(guān)閉，故為closed，故選A。25．考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A.get得到，B.toget得到，C.ask詢問(wèn)，D.toask詢問(wèn)。句意：在周六和周日，紐約最大的開(kāi)放公園對(duì)汽車(chē)關(guān)閉，道路可以只供自行車(chē)使用，但該組織仍表示這是不夠的，并繼續(xù)爭(zhēng)取修建自行車(chē)通道。此處表示目的，故用動(dòng)詞不定式，表示為了得到更多的自行車(chē)通道，故為toget，故選B。三、閱讀單選（每小題2分，共40分）ATheearthisabout4,600millionyearsold.Modernmanhaslivedontheearthforonly35,000years,butduringthattime,wehavechangedourplanetinmanyways.Manyofthethingsthatwehavedonearegood,butmorearenotgoodfortheearth.WaterPollutionAlotofpeople,birdsandfishdieeachdaybecauseofwaterpollution.Factorieshavepollutedthelandandthewater.Asaresult,manyriversandlakesarenowdead.AirPollutionInbigcities,factories,aswellascars,trucksandbusesarethemaincausesofairpollution.Manypeopleincitiesnowhaveserioushealthproblems.Forexample,Mexicocityusedtobeabeautifulsunnycapital,buttodayitisalwayscoveredbythickbrownclouds.SoilPollutionInordertohaveagoodharvest,mostofthefarmersusechemicalstoomuchintheirfields.That’sbadforthesoil.Butthiskindofpollutionisdifficulttostop.HopeForTheFutureTheseproblemsareveryseriousforourfuture,soallofusshoulddosomethingtoimproveourenvironment.Ifwecanstoppollution,ourplanetwillbecomemoreandmorebeautifulandourhealthwillbebetter.Let’sbegreenerpeople!根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。26．_____havemadetheearthchangealot.A．Humanbeings B．Animals C．Plants D．Peopleinotherplanets27．Thereare_____kindsofpollutioninthispassage.A．two B．three C．four D．five28．_____isabigproblemnow.A．Pollution. B．Population. C．Education D．Medicaltreatment29．WhichsentenceisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Mostofthethingsthatwehavedonearegoodforourplanet.B．Wemuststopthefactoriesfrompouringwastewaterintotheriversandlakes.C．Becauseofwaterpollution,manyriversandlakesarenowdead.D．Waterpollutionisveryseriousnowadays.30．WhichsentenceisTRUE?A．ThoughMexicocityisalwayscoveredbythickbrownclouds,it’sstillabeautifulsunnycapital.B．Airpollutioncanmakepeoplesick.C．Nowfewerfarmersusechemicalsinthefields.D．Factories,cars,trucksandbusesarethemaincausesofsoilpollution.【答案】26．A27．B28．A29．A30．B【分析】本文講述了水污染，空氣污染，土壤污染對(duì)地球的傷害和對(duì)未來(lái)的希望。26．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第1段第2句Modernmanhaslivedontheearthforonly35,000years,butduringthattime,wehavechangedourplanetinmanyways.（現(xiàn)代人在地球上只生活了35000年，但在這期間，我們?cè)谠S多方面改變了我們的星球。）可知人類已經(jīng)使地球改變?cè)S多；故選A。27．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。通讀全文可知本文講述了三種污染（第2段至第4段）：水污染，空氣污染和土壤污染。故選B。28．考查主旨理解。本文主要講述污染的危害，可知污染是現(xiàn)在是個(gè)大問(wèn)題。A.污染B.人口C.教育D.醫(yī)療。故選A。29．考查推理判斷。A.Mostofthethingsthatwehavedonearegoodforourplanet.我們所做的大多數(shù)事情對(duì)我們的星球都有好處。根據(jù)第1段最后一句Manyofthethingsthatwehavedonearegood,butmorearenotgoodfortheearth.（我們所做的許多事是好的，但更多的是對(duì)地球不好的。）可知A錯(cuò)誤；故選A。30．考查推理判斷。B.Airpollutioncanmakepeoplesick.空氣污染會(huì)使人生病。根據(jù)第3段中Inbigcities,factories,aswellascars,trucksandbusesarethemaincausesofairpollution.Manypeopleincitiesnowhaveserioushealthproblems.（在大城市，工廠以及汽車(chē)、卡車(chē)和公共汽車(chē)是造成空氣污染的主要原因?，F(xiàn)在許多城市的人都有嚴(yán)重的健康問(wèn)題。）可知“空氣污染會(huì)使人生病。”故B正確，選B。B（2021·河南）Isthewhaletheworld'slargestfish?No.Itlookslikeafish,butitisreallyamammal（哺乳動(dòng)物）.Thenwhat'stheworld'slargestfish?It'sthewhaleshark（鯨鯊）.Althoughthewhalesharkisourbiggestfishandlivesinmanyoceans（海洋）aroundtheworld,fewpeoplehaveeverheardofit.Scientistshavenotbeenstudyingwhalesharksforverylong.Muchmoreneedstobelearnedaboutthem.Awhalesharkissometimescalleda“gentlegiant（溫柔的巨人）”.Itlikestobealoneanddoesn'tcareabitaboutdiversorhumans.Thebiggestwhalesharkweighed24,250poundsandwasnearly40feetlong.Thismakesitheavierandlongerthanaschoolbus.Insideitshugemoutharegreatnumbersofverysmallteeth.Tocountallofthem,you'llneedtodosomemath.Thewhaleshark'steetharearrangedinrows.Therearebetweenelevenandthirteenrowsoneachjaw（顎）andaroundthreehundredteethineachrow.However,thewhalesharkrarelyusesitsteeth.Itdoesnotcheworbiteitsfood.Largeamountsofwaterarepulledintoitsmouthandthenpushedoutthroughitsgills（鰓）.Forafewmonthseveryyear,agroupofwhalesharkscomestoNingalooReef,offWesternAustralia.Thisgivesscientistsawonderfulchancetostudythelargefish.Whalesharksdoliveinotheroceansoftheworld,butnooneknowstheirpopulation.Itispossiblethatourbiggestfishmayneedprotecting.Itisoneofthereasonswhyscientistscontinuetolearnalltheycanaboutthesegentlegiants.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。31．Littleisknownaboutwhalesharksbecausescientists____________.A．a(chǎn)renotinterestedinlearningaboutthem B．findthemtoodifficulttocatchC．donotknowthebestplacestofindthem D．havestudiedthemforashorttime32．Whichsentencecantellusthatwhalesharksaregentle?A．Theyhavelargemouths. B．Theyleavediversalone.C．Theyhavesmalleyes. D．Theyliveinmanyoceans.33．Howdoesthewriterhelpusknowwhatthewhaleshark'smouthlookslike?A．Bygivingreasons. B．Bydescribingcolors.C．Bycomparingsizes. D．Byusingnumbers.34．Thefifthparagraphismainlyabout____________.A．howawhalesharkeats B．whatawhalesharkeatsC．howdifferentfishusetheirgills D．what'sinsideawhaleshark'smouth35．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthearticle?A．GentleGiants B．TheDiaryofaSailorC．TheLargestAnimal D．MyLifeontheSea【答案】31．D32．B33．D34．A35．A【分析】本文主要介紹了海洋中的鯨鯊，科學(xué)家研究的時(shí)間并不長(zhǎng)，因此所知道的內(nèi)容也不多，鯨鯊有時(shí)被稱為“溫和的巨人”。它喜歡獨(dú)處，一點(diǎn)也不在乎潛水員和人類。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“Scientistshavenotbeenstudyingwhalesharksforverylong.”科學(xué)家們研究鯨鯊的時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)。可知，研究時(shí)間短是知道的少的原因，故選D。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“Itlikestobealoneanddoesn'tcareabitaboutdiversorhumans.”它喜歡獨(dú)處，一點(diǎn)也不在乎潛水員和人類。故選B。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“…dosomemath.Thewhaleshark'steetharearrangedinrows.Therearebetweenelevenandthirteenrowsoneachjaw（顎）andaroundthreehundredteethineachrow.”可知，作者通過(guò)數(shù)字，向我們展示了鯨鯊的牙齒，故選D。34．段落大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“However,thewhalesharkrarelyusesitsteeth.”可知，本段主要講述鯨鯊不用它的牙齒吃東西，而用它的鰓，故選A。35．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹了鯨鯊這一龐然大物，人們稱它為溫柔的巨人，故選A。CAirpollutioncomesfromfactories,powerstationsandcars.Chemicalsinthesmokefrompowerstationscausealotofdamage（損害；毀壞）.Theycantravelhundredsofmilesinthewindbeforefallingtothegroundintherain.Andthis“chemicalrain”gradually（逐漸地）destroystreesintheforestsandkillsfishinthelakes.InGermany,over50%ofthecountry’streeshadbeendamagedbytheyear1986.Timeandtimeagainthereareseriousaccidentsthatpollutetheair.In1986therewasaseriousaccidentatanuclearpowerstationinRussia.AcloudofradiationflewacrossthewholeEurope.Itissaidthat125,000peoplediedinRussiaasaresultofillnesscausedbythisaccident.In1984therewasaseriousaccidentatafactoryinIndiaandacloudofdangerousgascoveredthetownofBhopal.Over2,500peoplewerekilledthatnight,andhundredsofthousandsofpeoplewereinjured(受傷的).Manyoftheinjuredlosttheirsight.36．Airpollutioncomesfrom_____.A．factories B．powerstations C．cars D．a(chǎn)lloftheabove37．Accordingtothepassage,whichsentenceisright?A．Chemicalsinthesmokefrompowerstationscan’ttravelfarinthewind.B．“Chemicalrain”isgoodforthetrees.C．Chemicalsinthesmokefrompowerstationsareverysafe.D．“Chemicalrain”isbadforourenvironment.38．InGermany,howmanytreeshadbeendamagedbytheyear1986?A．Aquarter. B．Ahalf. C．Threequarters. D．Athird.39．WhatwastheresultoftheaccidentthathappenedinRussiain1986?A．Over2,500peoplewerekilled. B．Manypeoplecouldn’twalk.C．Manypeoplelosttheirsight. D．Compared(比較)withtheaccidentinIndia,morepeopledied.40．Fromthesentence“Manyoftheinjuredlosttheirsight.”wecanknow_____.A．thegascoveredthetownofBhopalatthattimewaspoisonous(有毒的)B．graduallytheinjuredcouldseeeverythingC．manyoftheinjuredcouldn’tseeanythinganymoreD．BothAandC【答案】36．D37．D38．B39．D40．D【解析】文章大意:空氣污染來(lái)源于工廠、發(fā)電站和汽車(chē)的尾氣。混合于煙霧中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)自然和人類造成了極大的傷害。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章的第一句話Airpollutioncomesfromfactories,powerstationsandcars.中得知空氣污染來(lái)自工廠、發(fā)電站和汽車(chē)。故選D。37．推理判斷題。從Andthis“chemicalrain”graduallydestroystreesintheforestsandkillsfishinthelakes.中得知chemicalrain對(duì)環(huán)境有害。故選D。38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)InGermany,over50%ofthecountry’streeshadbeendamagedbytheyear1986.可知，在1986年，德國(guó)超過(guò)百分之五十的樹(shù)木遭到破壞。因此是一半的樹(shù)木被破壞，aquarter四分之一；ahalf一半threequarters四分之三；athird三分之一。故選B。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Itissaidthat125,000peoplediedinRussiaasaresultofillnesscausedbythisaccident.可知，俄國(guó)在1986年由于這次事故導(dǎo)致的疾病，死去12萬(wàn)5千人，根據(jù)In1984therewasaseriousaccidentatafactoryinIndiaandacloudofdangerousgascoveredthetownofBhopal.Over2,500peoplewerekilledthatnight,可知印度在1984年因?yàn)楣S的嚴(yán)重事故，導(dǎo)致2500多人死去，因此這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的事故進(jìn)行比較，俄國(guó)死去的人更多。故選D。40．推理判斷題。Over2,500peoplewerekilledthatnight,andhundredsofthousandsofpeoplewereinjured(受傷的).Manyoftheinjuredlosttheirsight.可知，loseone’ssight意為“失明”；人們接觸到這種有害氣體導(dǎo)致失明，證明這種氣體有毒，故AC兩項(xiàng)也正確。故選D。DSomecountriesarebuildingagreatwalloftreeacrossAfrica.ItiscalledtheGreatGreenWall.Theywanttobringlifetothedrylandsandhelptofightthebadenvironment.Thewallis8,000kilometerslongand15kilometerswide.ItcoversfromSenegalinthewesttoDjiboutiintheeast,onthesouthoftheSaharaDesert.Sofar,Senegalhasmadethebestprogressbyplantingabout11,000,000trees.Manyyearsago,therewerefewtreesinthatareaandthewindsusedtobeverystrong.Itwasbadtothefields.Also,therewaslittlerain,sofewplantscouldgrowandmanypeoplewerehungry.Sincethetreeplantingprojectstarted,thetreeshaveprovidedfoodforthelocalpeople,theairhasbecomebetter.Littlebylittle,thereweregreenfieldsforpeopletogrowplants.Theprojectbeganin2007.Itissupposedtocost8,000,000,000dollars.Manycountriesaretryingtheirbesttohelptoplantmoretrees.SowewillbeabletoseethewholegreenwallacrossAfricainthenearfuture!41．Whyarethecountriesbuildingthewalloftrees?A．Tomakemoremoney.B．Justtomaketheairbetter.C．Onlytoprovidefoodforthelocalpeople.D．Tobringlifetothedrylandsandhelptofightthebadenvironment.42．TheGreatGreenWallis________kilometers.A．2007 B．8000 C．11000000 D．800000000043．Whereisthegreatwalloftrees?A．It’sonthesouthofSenegal. B．It’sonthesouthoftheSaharaDesert.C．It’sonthenorthofDjibouti. D．It’sontheeastoftheSaharaDesert.44．Whycouldn’tmanyplantsgrowinthatareamanyyearsago?A．Becausetherewasweakwind.B．Becausethereweremorerain.C．Becausetherewerefewtrees,strongwindandlittlerain.D．Becausetherewereafewtreesandlittlerain.45．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thedrylands. B．FewtreesinAfrica.C．TheGreatGreenWall. D．ThebadairinSaharaDesert.【答案】41．D42．B43．B44．C45．C【分析】本文主要介紹了非洲的綠化防護(hù)林工程。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theywanttobringlifetothedrylandsandhelptofightthebadenvironment.”可知，一些國(guó)家建立樹(shù)木屏障，是因?yàn)樗麄兿虢o旱地帶來(lái)生命，幫助對(duì)抗惡劣的環(huán)境，故選D。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thewallis8,000kilometerslongand15kilometerswide.”可知，防護(hù)林長(zhǎng)8000公里，故選B。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ItcoversfromSenegalinthewesttoDjiboutiintheeast,onthesouthoftheSaharaDesert.”可知，防護(hù)林西起塞內(nèi)加爾，東至吉布提，位于撒哈拉沙漠以南，故選B。44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Manyyearsago,therewerefewtreesinthatareaandthewindsusedtobeverystrong.Itwasbadtothefields.Also,therewaslittlerain,sofewplantscouldgrowandmanypeoplewerehungry.

”可知，許多年前，那個(gè)地區(qū)幾乎沒(méi)有樹(shù)木，而且風(fēng)很大，降水少，所以很少有植物生長(zhǎng)，故選C。45．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“SomecountriesarebuildingagreatwalloftreeacrossAfrica.ItiscalledtheGreatGreenWall.”可知，一些國(guó)家正在非洲建造防護(hù)林，它被稱為綠色長(zhǎng)城，所以本文主要介紹了非洲的綠色長(zhǎng)城，故選C。四、短文首字母填空（每小題1分，共10分）（2021·濱海縣第一初級(jí)中學(xué)九年級(jí)一模）Whenthereissomethingwrongwithyourpen,oryouhavesomefoodthatyouhaven’teatenup,whatdoyoudowiththesethings?Youwillprobablyt46．themintoarubbishbin.Butactually,allofthesepiecesofwasten47．tobesorted(分類)separatelysothatapartofthemcanberecycled.Asweknow,metalandbottlesarereusablethings.Wecanseparatethemfromlitterandreusethem.Inrecentyears,someChinesecitieshavebeenworkinghardonit.ShanghaihasworkedwithAlipay(支付寶)tocreatea“greenaccount(賬戶)”serviceforitspeople.Usersgetpointsbyc48．sortingtheirrubbishandcanexchangethepointsformilk,phonesandotherproductst49．Alipay.Thecityisa50．a(chǎn)llofitspeopletosortrubbishintofourgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Wetwasteisthingsyoudon’twantbutthatpigscaneat.Paper,metalando51．thingsthatcanbereusedarerecyclablewaste.Harmfulwastei52．thingslikemedicineandbatteries.Finally,otherwastewillgointhe“drywaste”bin.Manyothercitiesusethismethodtosorttheirrubbish.Fore53．,Shenzhenhasbeensortingitsrubbishsince2012.Chinaisimprovingitswaste-sortingworkthoughitcostsalot.Thereiss54．a(chǎn)longwaytogo.Butit’snevertoolatetolearnhowtosortyourrubbishproperlyandp55．theenvironment.【答案】46．(t)hrow47．(n)eed48．(c)orrectly49．(t)hrough50．(a)sking51．(o)ther52．(i)ncludes53．(e)xample54．(s)till55．(p)rotect【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文中以上海和深圳為例介紹了中國(guó)各城市推廣的垃圾分類，這樣的分類可以讓可重復(fù)利用的物品循環(huán)使用，以此減少垃圾污染，保護(hù)我們的地球。46．句意：你可能會(huì)把它們?nèi)舆M(jìn)垃圾桶里。根據(jù)“themintoarubbishbin”可知是扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，throw扔，will后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填throw。47．句意：但實(shí)際上，所有這些垃圾都需要分門(mén)別類，以便其中一部分可以回收利用。根據(jù)“allofthesepiecesofwasten...tobesortedseparately”可推出垃圾需要被分類，need需要，根據(jù)主語(yǔ)“allofthesepieces”可知用動(dòng)詞原形。故填need。48．句意：用戶通過(guò)正確分類垃圾獲得積分，并可以通過(guò)支付寶兌換牛奶、手機(jī)和其他產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)“Usersgetpoints”可推出正確分類了才會(huì)有積分，修飾動(dòng)詞“sorting”用副詞correctly，意為“正確地”。故填correctly。49．句意：用戶通過(guò)正確分類垃圾獲得積分，并可以通過(guò)支付寶兌換牛奶、手機(jī)和其他產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)“Alipay”可推出是通過(guò)支付寶兌換物品，through通過(guò)。故填through。50．句意：該市要求所有市民將垃圾分為四類：濕垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和干垃圾。根據(jù)“Thecityisa...allofitspeopletosortrubbishintofourgroups”可知是要求人們把垃圾分成四類，asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事，is后用現(xiàn)在分詞asking構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填asking。51．句意：紙張、金屬和其他可以重復(fù)使用的東西都是可回收的廢物。根據(jù)“Paper,metalando...thingsthatcanbereused”可知是除了紙張、金屬外的其他可重復(fù)使用的東西，other其他的。故填other。52．句意：有害垃圾包括藥品和電池等。根據(jù)“Harmfulwastei...thingslikemedicineandbatteries.”可知空后是有害垃圾包含的東西，include包含，主語(yǔ)“waste”是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式includes。故填includes。53．句意：例如，深圳自2012年以來(lái)一直在進(jìn)行垃圾分類。forexample例如，固定搭配。故填example。54．句意：還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。根據(jù)“alongwaytogo”可知依舊有很長(zhǎng)路要走，still依舊。故填still。55．句意：但是學(xué)習(xí)如何正確地分類垃圾和保護(hù)環(huán)境永遠(yuǎn)都不晚。根據(jù)“tolearnhowtosortyourrubbishproperly”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知垃圾分類是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，protect保護(hù)，and連接兩個(gè)并列的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，后面的不定式省略to。故填protect。五、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話7選5（每小題2分，共10分）（2021·內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯·中考真題）A:Hey,whatwillyoudowithyouruseddisposable（一次性的）masks?B:I’llthrowthemaway.56．A:Don’tthrowawaymaskscarelessly!57．B:YoumeanIshouldkeeptheseuselessthingsathome.A:58．Butdoyouknowuselessmasksareharmfultotheearth?Theymaybreakintosmallerplasticparticlesthatspreadwidelyintheenvironment.B:Oh,Isee.59．A:Youcanputthemintomask-onlytrashbinsoryoucanusereusablemasks.B:OK.60．I’lldothat.A:Great.A．I’mnotsayingthat.B．Ithinkyouareright.C．Howdoyouknowthat?D．Thatsoundsveryboring.E.Idon’tneedthemanymore.F.It’sdangeroustotheenvironment.G.SowhatdoyouthinkIshoulddothen?【答案】56．E57．F58．A59．G60．B【分析】對(duì)話是A與B兩人談?wù)搶?duì)于用過(guò)的一次性口罩應(yīng)如何處理的內(nèi)容。56．根據(jù)“I