2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)58短文改錯+閱讀理解含解析新人教版

PAGE1-練習(xí)58短文改錯＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.短文改錯2024·包頭四中月考★★★☆☆I(lǐng)begandivingsinceIwasabout12.IactuallearnedtodiveinmyhometownwhenIwasinholiday.Myparentswentthereexploretheundergroundlakes.MybrotherandIaresittingaroundonthebeach,gettingbored,sowetookadivingcourse.Thenwedidourfirstdiveinthe“easy”lakeswhilemyparentwereexploringthedangerousplaces.Itwasn'tdeeplyundergroundandthesunwasbeingshininginthroughanopeningintheroofofthecave.Itwasreallycalmbutbeautiful.Ifeltlikestayinghereallday!Ⅱ.閱讀理解A2024·湖南師大期中說明文278詞★★★★☆I(lǐng)fyoufindyourselfhittingthesnoozebutton(鬧鐘延時按鈕)everymorning,don'tblameyourself.Yourworkschedulecouldbetoblame.Researchnowshowsthat,formanyofus,ourworkschedulesdon'tgowithournaturalbodyclocks－andexpertsareurgingemployerstotakenotice.Sleepisa“strategicresource”thatmostcompaniesareignoring.Whenworkschedulesarealignedwithpeople'snaturalsleeppatterns,theyproducehigherqualityandmoreinnovativeworkbecausetheyaremorefocused,lessstressedandgenerallyhealthier.Theoppositeisalsotrue－whenemployeesarenotgettingenoughsleeptheyaremorelikelytomakemajormistakesandsufferfromworkplaceinjuries.Butit'snotjustabouttheamountofsleepyouget.It'simportantthatpeoplerecognizeeverylivingthing,fromprimitivebacteriatohumanbeings,hasabiologicallydeterminedinternalbodyclock.Thisdetermineswhetheryouareanightowl(夜貓子),anearlybirdorsomewhereinthemiddle.Wedon'thaveanychoice.“It'slikefeet，”saidTillRoenneberg,aprofessorofchronobiology(生物鐘學(xué)).“Somepeoplearebornwithbigfeetandsomewithsmallfeet,butmostpeoplearesomewhereinthemiddle.”Manycompaniesstarttheworkdayat8amor9am,puttingtheirworkschedulesindisagreementwiththeiremployees'bodyclock.Thismismatch,alongwiththepressuretobeproductiveandbeavailabletorespondtoemailortakecallsatallhoursofthedayandnight,meansthatmanypeoplesufferfromwhatiscalled“socialjetlag”．1．Theunderlinedword“aligned”inParagraph2means“________”．A．matchedB．cooperatedC．conflictedD．shortened2．WhatdoesTillRoenneberg'sremarkmean?A．Theamountofsleepyougetcountsmuch.B．Anearlybirddoesbetterthananightowl.C．Weareborntohaveabodyclock.D．Mostpeoplehaveneithertoobignortoosmallfeet.3．Ifpeoplesufferfrom“socialjetlag”，theywill________.A．notbeascleverasotherpeopleB．failtofinishtheirdailytasksC．failtoadjusttheirbodyclockD．a(chǎn)ctasiftheywereinthewrongtimezone4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Bodyclockandgoodworkhabits.B．Lateforwork?Maybenotyourfault.C．Howtoimproveyourworkefficiency.D．Urgentneedtochangeyourbodyclock.B2024·全國卷Ⅰ說明文307詞★★★★☆A(yù)sdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.5．Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A．Toreducepressureonkeys.B．ToimproveaccuracyintypingC．Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D．Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.6．Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A．Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B．Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C．Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D．Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.7．Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A．It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B．It'llreachconsumerssoon.C．It'llbemadeofplastics.D．It'llhelpspeeduptyping.8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary.B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel.D．Amagazine.答題策略短文改錯——詞語辨析常見詞語辨析錯誤①many修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much修飾或代替不行數(shù)名詞②“時間段＋ago”相對現(xiàn)在多久以前；“時間段＋before”相對過去多久以前③some用于確定句；any用于疑問句和否定句④so與very均可修飾形容詞或副詞的原級，much多修飾比較級，verymuch修飾動詞⑤ever“從來，在任何時候，曾經(jīng)”；never“從來不”⑥latest為形容詞，意為“最新的”；later作副詞表示“較晚地；后來”，與表示時間的詞連用，表示“……之后”⑦beside為介詞，表示“在……旁邊”；besides為副詞，表示“除此以外”⑧usedtodosth.“過去經(jīng)常做某事”；beusedtodoingsth.“習(xí)慣做某事”⑨no相當(dāng)于nota或notany；not否定動詞練習(xí)58短文改錯＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.短文改錯答案：Ibegandivingeq\o(since,\s\do14(when))Iwasabout12.Ieq\o(actual,\s\do14(actually))learnedtodiveinmyhometownwhenIwaseq\o(in,\s\do14(on))holiday.Myparentswentthereeq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))exploretheundergroundlakes.MybrotherandIeq\o(are,\s\do14(were))sittingaroundonthebeach,gettingbored,sowetookadivingcourse.Thenwedidourfirstdiveinthe“easy”lakeswhilemyeq\o(parent,\s\do14(parents))wereexploringthedangerousplaces.Itwasn'teq\o(deeply,\s\do14(deep))undergroundandthesunwasshininginthroughanopeningintheroofofthecave.Itwasreallycalmeq\o(but,\s\do14(and))beautiful.Ifeltlikestayingeq\o(here,\s\do14(there))allday!Ⅱ.閱讀理解A1．答案與解析：A依據(jù)其次段中的“ourworkschedulesdon'tgowithournaturalbodyclocks”和“Whenworkschedulesarealignedwithpeople'snaturalsleeppatterns,theyproducehigherqualityandmoreinnovativeworkbecausetheyaremorefocused,lessstressedandgenerallyhealthier.”可知，當(dāng)工作時辰表與人們的自然睡眠生物鐘一樣時，人們產(chǎn)生更高質(zhì)量、更創(chuàng)新的工作，因為它們更專注、壓力更小，而且通常更健康。據(jù)此可知，A項正確。aligned與“gowith”意思一樣。A項正確。2．答案與解析：C依據(jù)第三段中的“everylivingthing,fromprimitivebacteriatohumanbeings,hasabiologicallydeterminedinternalbodyclock.”可知，生物鐘與生俱來。C項正確。3．答案與解析：D依據(jù)最終一段中的“Thismismatch,alongwiththepressuretobeproductiveandbeavailabletorespondtoemailortakecallsatallhoursofthedayandnight”可知，生物鐘和工作時間的失配，再加上無論白天黑夜隨時回復(fù)電子郵件或接聽電話的壓力會引起人們“socialjetlag”。據(jù)此推斷，socialjetlag的意思是“社會時差”。D項正確。4．答案與解析：B文章第一段“Ifyoufindyourselfhittingthesnoozebuttoneverymorning,don'tblameyourself.Yourworkschedulecouldbetoblame.”是全文的主旨段。人們每天早上起不來，不應(yīng)當(dāng)指責(zé)自己。工作時辰表可能是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住項正確。B【語篇解讀