湖南省郴州市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷 含解析

郴州市2024年下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷高二英語（試題卷）注意事項：1.試卷分聽力、閱讀、語言運用、寫作四個部分，共10頁。時量120分鐘，滿分150分。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號寫在答題卡和該試題卷的指定位置上，并認真核對答題卡上的姓名、準考證號和科目。3.考生作答時，選擇題和非選擇題均須作答在答題卡上，在本試題卷上答題無效?？忌诖痤}卡上按答題卡中注意事項的要求答題。4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makinganinvitation.B.Makinganannouncement.C.Schedulinganappointment.2.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Mendtheroof.B.Giveanapology.C.Callarepairman.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.C.Inapostoffice.4.WhenwillthewomanreachChicago?A.At12:00.B.At14:00.C.At16:00.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Adrama.B.Aticket.C.Aconcert.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What'stheweatherliketoday?A.It'ssunny.B.It'sraining.C.It'scloudy.7.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thecostoftheflight.B.Thedelayoftheflight.C.Thesafetyoftheflight.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatisMr.Luo'sfamousartisticwork?A.Father.B.Nature.C.Farmer.9.WhatarousedMr.Luo'sinterestinpainting?A.Hismother'ssupport.B.Hisurbanenvironment.C.Hisfather'sloveforarts.10.WhatdoesMr.Luoexpectartstodo?A.Makepeopleenergetic.B.Createjobopportunities.C.Promoteculturalexchanges.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatisAlice'sattitudetowardsboardingfirst?A.Uncertain.B.Opposed.C.Favorable.12.Whichisnotthebenefitofboarding?A.Makingnewfriends.B.Winningascholarship.C.Developingindependence.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhydoesLindadeliveraspeech?A.Forajob.B.Foragift.C.Forafinal.15.WhatisLinda'sspeechtopic?A.Schiller.B.Shakespeare.C.MarkTwain.16.Whatisthesecondstepinpreparingthespeech?A.Selectinganidea.B.Writinganoutline.C.Researchingatopic.17.WhatwillLindahandinbythedeadline?A.Adetailedoutline.B.Researchmaterials.C.Acompletespeech.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablydo?A.Ahost.B.Aprofessor.C.Ajournalist.19.Whatisreallyimportantaccordingtothespeaker?A.Askingforguidance.B.Conductingresearch.C.Havingself-awareness.20.Howshouldwedoresearch?A.Bysearchingonline.B.Byguidingstudents.C.Byattendingclasses.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AJoinaOnce-in-a-lifetimeAdventureDepartingNextYearAlfredWallace’sAdventureinIndonesia—NatureandEvolution(演化)Trip22January2025|13daysWe’lltraceAlfredRusselWallace’sstepstoIndonesia’sMalukuandRajaAmpatIslands.Expectislandexploration,nocturnalnaturewalks,rainforestwalks,andmarinelifestudies.Encounteruniquefloraandfauna,includingtheWallacebutterfly,andenjoywatersportslikekayakingandsnorkeling.ArcticAdventureCruise(乘船游覽)withRichardDawkinsinFlam,Norway22May2025|12daysJoinusforanArcticadventurewithRichardDawkins.WewilltravelontheGregMortimerboatandgocloseto80°northtolookforpolarbears.Wemightseewalruses,seals,whales,reindeer,arcticfoxes,guillemots,andpuffins.Wewillalsosailnearblueglaciersandbeautifulfjords(峽灣).CulturalMarineExpeditioninLaVentana,theSeaofCortez5June2025|9daysEmbarkwithDr.SylviaEarleona9-dayexpeditiontoMexico’sSeaofCortez,aboardtheOceanSeeker.DiscoverLoreto’sculturalheritageandvibrantoceanlife.Experiencesnorkeling,diving,andconservationtalksamidstarichbiodiversitythatinspiredTheLogfromtheSeaofCortez.Encountersealions,whales,anddolphinsinthisadventure.GalapagosAdventurewithJoRuxtonMBE14July2025|8daysComewithusonan8-daytriptotheGalapagosIslandsonaboatwithJoRuxtonMBE,whocaresaboutnature.WewillvisitSantaCruz,Isabela,Fernandina,Santiago,andRabidaislands,whicharefullofwildanimals.Youcanseeanimalslikeiguanasonlandandinthesea,sealions,andmanykindsoffishintheclearwater.1.WhichactivityisNOTmentionedinAlfredWallace’sAdventure?A.Kayakingtrip. B.Cultureexploring. C.Islanddiscovery. D.Rainforestwalking.2.Wherecantravelersattendnaturepreservationdiscussionsaccordingtothepassage?A.InFlam,Norway. B.OnMalukuIslands.C.OnGalapagosIslands. D.InLaVentanatheSeaofCortez.3.Whatdothefouradventureshaveincommon?A.Encounteringdiversemarinelife. B.Focusingonhistoricalexploration.C.Participatinginextremesportschallenges. D.Engaginginculturalimmersionexperiences.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個獨特的探險旅行活動，包括它們的時間、地點、活動內(nèi)容和特色?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlfredWallace’sAdventureinIndonesia—NatureandEvolution(演化)Trip部分中“Expectislandexploration,nocturnalnaturewalks,rainforestwalks,andmarinelifestudies.Encounteruniquefloraandfauna,includingtheWallacebutterfly,andenjoywatersportslikekayakingandsnorkeling.(期待島嶼探索、夜間自然漫步、雨林漫步和海洋生物研究。邂逅獨特的動植物，包括華萊士蝴蝶，并享受皮劃艇和浮潛等水上運動)”可知，B選項“文化探索”在AlfredWallace’sAdventure中沒有提到。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CulturalMarineExpeditioninLaVentana,theSeaofCortez部分中“Experiencesnorkeling,diving,andconservationtalksamidstarichbiodiversitythatinspiredTheLogfromtheSeaofCortez.(在豐富的生物多樣性中體驗浮潛、潛水和保護談話，這些生物多樣性激發(fā)了《科爾特斯海日志》的靈感)”可知，旅行者可以在LaVentana,theSeaofCortez參加自然保護討論。故選D項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlfredWallace’sAdventureinIndonesia—NatureandEvolution(演化)Trip部分中“Encounteruniquefloraandfauna,includingtheWallacebutterfly,andenjoywatersportslikekayakingandsnorkeling.(邂逅獨特的動植物，包括華萊士蝴蝶，并享受皮劃艇和浮潛等水上運動)”、ArcticAdventureCruise(乘船游覽)withRichardDawkinsinFlam,Norway部分中“Wemightseewalruses,seals,whales,reindeer,arcticfoxes,guillemots,andpuffins.(我們可能會看到海象、海豹、鯨魚、馴鹿、北極狐、海鳩和海鸚)”、CulturalMarineExpeditioninLaVentana,theSeaofCortez部分中“Encountersealions,whales,anddolphinsinthisadventure.(在這次冒險中，你會遇到海獅、鯨魚和海豚)”和GalapagosAdventurewithJoRuxtonMBE部分中“WewillvisitSantaCruz,Isabela,Fernandina,Santiago,andRabidaislands,whicharefullofwildanimals.Youcanseeanimalslikeiguanasonlandandinthesea,sealions,andmanykindsoffishintheclearwater.(我們將參觀圣克魯斯島、伊莎貝拉島、費爾南迪納島、圣地亞哥島和拉比達島，這些島上充滿了野生動物。你可以在陸地上和海里看到蜥蜴、海獅和清水中的許多種魚類)”可知，這四個冒險活動的共同之處是都能遇到多樣的海洋生物。故選A項。BDalahorses,thebrightlypaintedwoodenhorses,withtheircomplexpatterns,comefromtheDalarnaregionanddatebacktothe1600s.Originallycarvedastoys,theygraduallybecamethesymbolsofSwedishtraditionovertime.ThatwasmyfirstlearningaboutDalahorsesfromabookonSwedishculture.WhileIdidn’tfullyunderstandthedeepermeaningatthattime,Iwasimmediatelydrawntotheircharmanduniqueness.WhenIwasyounger,IrememberhowexcitedIwaswhenmyparentstookmetoacraftworkshop.Ihadseenthesecolorfulhorsesinmanyplaces—onpostcards,atthezooandeveninshops.Butthistime,Iwasgoingtocreateonemyself.Theprocesswassomuchfun!First,westartedwithasmallwoodenblock.Weusedcarvingtoolstocarefullyshapethewoodintoahorse.Itwasabittrickyatfirst,andmyhandsweresoshaky,butasIkeptcarving,theshapeofthehorseslowlystartedtoappear.Onceweweredonecarving,itwastimetopaint!IfeltlikeanartistasIpaintedtinyflowersandswirls(旋渦)onitsbody.Myhorsewasnotperfect,butitfeltlikeamasterpiecetome!IstillrememberhowproudIfeltholdingthefinishedhorse.Itspatternspaintedinbrightred,blueandyellow,lookedliketheDalahorsesIhadseenbefore.Myparentstoldmethatthecolorsanddesignsmeantsomethingspecial,andIcouldtellthislittlewoodenhorsehadabiggermeaningthanjustbeingadecoration.Yearslater,IstillhavethatDalahorseinmyroom.It’sareminderofthatwonderfuldayandmyconnectiontoSwedishtraditions.TheDalahorseismorethanapieceofart—it’sasymbolofhistory,culture,andcherishedmemories.4.WhichisthetruestatementabouttheDalahorse?A.Itwasoriginallyusedasadecoration.B.ItcamefromtheSwedishregionofDalarna.C.ItoriginatedfromafamousbookinSwedishculture.D.Itisamoderninventioninspiredbytraditionalwoodentoys.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefirstlearnedabouttheDalahorse?A.Indifferent. B.Confused. C.Fascinated. D.Skeptical.6.WhydidtheauthorlikehisDalahorsesomuch?A.Hisparentsspokehighlyofhisremarkablecarvingskills.B.ItservedasareminderofhisbondwithSwedishtraditions.C.Itapproachedanidealstateofperfectioninformanddetail.D.Itexhibitedaremarkablesimilaritytotheonesonpostcards.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DalaHorses:CarvedfromhappinessB.DalaHorses:ASwedishArtisticWonderC.DiscoveringtheBeautyofDalaHorses’PatternsD.TheHistoryandMakingofDalaHorsesinSweden【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從書中了解到瑞典達拉木馬，對其產(chǎn)生興趣，之后在手工坊親手制作達拉木馬，這一經(jīng)歷不僅讓作者感受到制作的樂趣，更讓作者體會到它所承載的瑞典傳統(tǒng)文化?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Dalahorses,thebrightlypaintedwoodenhorses,withtheircomplexpatterns,comefromtheDalarnaregionanddatebacktothe1600s.Originallycarvedastoys,theygraduallybecamethesymbolsofSwedishtraditionovertime.(達拉木馬，這些色彩鮮艷、圖案復(fù)雜的木馬，來自達拉納地區(qū)，可追溯到17世紀。最初被雕刻成玩具，隨著時間的推移，它們逐漸成為瑞典傳統(tǒng)的象征)”可知，達拉木馬來自瑞典的達拉納地區(qū)。故選B項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThatwasmyfirstlearningaboutDalahorsesfromabookonSwedishculture.WhileIdidn’tfullyunderstandthedeepermeaningatthattime,Iwasimmediatelydrawntotheircharmanduniqueness.(那是我第一次從一本關(guān)于瑞典文化的書中了解到達拉木馬。雖然當(dāng)時我并沒有完全理解其深層含義，但我立刻被它們的魅力和獨特性所吸引)”可知，作者第一次了解到達拉木馬時，被它們的魅力和獨特性所吸引，即感到著迷。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Yearslater,IstillhavethatDalahorseinmyroom.It’sareminderofthatwonderfuldayandmyconnectiontoSwedishtraditions.(多年后，我的房間里還放著那匹達拉木馬。它讓我想起了那個美好的日子，以及我與瑞典傳統(tǒng)的聯(lián)系)”可推知，作者非常喜歡他的達拉木馬，因為它提醒著作者與瑞典傳統(tǒng)的聯(lián)系。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Dalahorses,thebrightlypaintedwoodenhorses,withtheircomplexpatterns,comefromtheDalarnaregionanddatebacktothe1600s.(達拉木馬，這些色彩鮮艷、圖案復(fù)雜的木馬，來自達拉納地區(qū)，可追溯到17世紀)”和最后一段“Yearslater,IstillhavethatDalahorseinmyroom.It’sareminderofthatwonderfuldayandmyconnectiontoSwedishtraditions.TheDalahorseismorethanapieceofart—it’sasymbolofhistory,culture,andcherishedmemories.(多年后，我房間里仍然有那匹達拉木馬。它讓我想起那個美好的日子以及我與瑞典傳統(tǒng)的聯(lián)系。達拉木馬不僅僅是一件藝術(shù)品——它是歷史、文化和珍貴記憶的象征)”可知，介紹了達拉木馬的起源，講述作者了解并親手制作達拉木馬的經(jīng)歷，最后強調(diào)它不僅是一件藝術(shù)品，更是瑞典歷史文化和珍貴回憶的象征。由此可知，B項“DalaHorses:ASwedishArtisticWonder(達拉木馬：瑞典的藝術(shù)奇跡)”適合作文章標題。故選B項。CNewpsychologyresearchpointstothefactorsthatexplainwhywefindparticularpoemsaestheticallypleasing.“Whileitmayseemobviousthatindividualtastemattersinjudgmentsofpoetry,wefoundcertainfactorsconsistentlyinfluencehowmuchapoemwillbeenjoyed.”Aesthetics(美學(xué)),thebasisofwhatwefindappealingornot,playanimportantroleinoureverydaylives.However,littleisknownabouthowwemakethesejudgments.Theresearcherssoughttoansweranage-oldquestion—“Whydowelikewhatwelike?”—bymeasuringwhatwefindaestheticallypleasinginpoetry.Todothis,theteamhadmorethan400participantsreadandratepoemsoftwogenres—haikuandsonnet—withtheaimofunderstandingthefactorsthatbestpredictedtheaestheticappealofthepoems.Afterreadingeachpoem,participantsansweredquestionsaboutthepoem’svividness(“Howvividistheimageryevokedfromthispoem?”),emotionalarousal(“Howrelaxingorstimulatingisthispoem?”),emotionalvalence(“Howpositiveornegativeisthecontentofthispoem?”),andaestheticappeal(“Howenjoyableoraestheticallyappealingdidyoufindthispoem?”).Theirresultsshowedthatvividnessofmentalimagerywasthebestpredictorofaestheticappeal—poemsthatevokedgreaterimageryweremorepleasing.Emotionalvalencealsopredictedaestheticappeal,thoughtoalesserextent;specifically,poemsthatwerefoundtobemorepositiveweregenerallyfoundtobemoreappealing.Bycontrast,emotionalarousaldidnothaveaclearrelationshiptoaestheticappeal.“Thevividnessofapoemconsistentlypredicteditsaestheticappeal,”notesStarr,authorofFeelingBeauty:TheNeuroscienceofAestheticExperience.“Therefore,itseemsthatvividnessofmentalimagerymaybeakeyfactorinfluencingwhatwelikemorebroadly.”“Whilelimitedtopoetry,”sheadds,“ourworkshedslightintowhichfactsmostinfluenceouraestheticjudgmentsandpavesthewayforfutureresearchinvestigatinghowwemakesuchjudgmentsinotherfields.”8.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?A.Evaluatepoemsofhaikuandsonnet. B.Writetheaestheticappealofpoems.C.Explainfactorsofemotionalvalence. D.Askquestionsaboutthepoem’svividness.9.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Poemswithmorenegativecontentaremoreappealing.B.Emotionalarousalisnegativelyrelatedtoaestheticappeal.C.Emotionalvalenceisthemostimportantpredictorofaestheticappeal.D.Vividnessofmentalimageryhasthestrongestconnectionwithaestheticappeal.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromStarr’swords?A.Theresearchwillhelpexploreaestheticjudgmentsinotherfields.B.Thefindingofvividnessbeingakeyfactorisonlyapplicabletopoetry.C.Emotionalvalenceshouldbefurtherstudiedinthecontextofotherartforms.D.Theresearchhaslittlevalueforunderstandingaestheticjudgmentsinotherareas.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tointroducedifferenttypesofpoems. B.Todiscusstheimportanceofaesthetics.C.Toshowthefindingsofaestheticappeal. D.Topersuadepeopletoadmirethepoems.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新的心理學(xué)研究指出了為什么我們覺得某些詩歌具有美學(xué)吸引力的因素?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Todothis,theteamhadmorethan400participantsreadandratepoemsoftwogenres—haikuandsonnet—withtheaimofunderstandingthefactorsthatbestpredictedtheaestheticappealofthepoems.(為了做到這一點，研究小組讓400多名參與者閱讀并評價兩種類型的詩歌——俳句和十四行詩，目的是了解哪些因素最能預(yù)測詩歌的美學(xué)吸引力)”可知，研究人員要求參與者評價俳句和十四行詩。故選A項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theirresultsshowedthatvividnessofmentalimagerywasthebestpredictorofaestheticappeal—poemsthatevokedgreaterimageryweremorepleasing.(他們的研究結(jié)果表明，心理意象的生動性是審美吸引力的最佳預(yù)測指標——能喚起更多意象的詩歌更令人愉悅)”可知，心理意象的生動性與美學(xué)吸引力有著最強的聯(lián)系。故選D項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Starr的話““Whilelimitedtopoetry,”sheadds,“ourworkshedslightintowhichfactsmostinfluenceouraestheticjudgmentsandpavesthewayforfutureresearchinvestigatinghowwemakesuchjudgmentsinotherfields.”(“雖然僅限于詩歌，”她補充說，“但我們的工作揭示了哪些事實最影響我們的美學(xué)判斷，并為未來研究我們在其他領(lǐng)域如何做出這樣的判斷鋪平了道路?！?”可知，從Starr的話中可以推斷出，這項研究將有助于探索其他領(lǐng)域的美學(xué)判斷。故選A項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Newpsychologyresearchpointstothefactorsthatexplainwhywefindparticularpoemsaestheticallypleasing.(新的心理學(xué)研究指出了為什么我們覺得某些詩歌具有美學(xué)吸引力的因素)”可知，文章開篇指出新的心理學(xué)研究指出了人們覺得某些詩歌具有審美吸引力的因素，接著介紹了研究過程和研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，最后說明研究的意義，所以文章的主要目的是展示關(guān)于審美吸引力的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C項。DTakingantioxidantsupplementssuchasvitaminsCandEmightmakelungcancersgrowbiggerandspreadbystimulatingtheformationofbloodvesselswithintumours(腫瘤),accordingtoastudyinmice.Oneresearcherinvolvedhassaidthatpeoplewiththeconditionshouldn’ttrytoavoidtheseantioxidantsintheirdiet,butgettingmorethantheyneedviasupplementscouldcauseharm.MartinBerg?attheKarolinskaInstituteinSwedenandhiscolleaguespreviouslyfoundthatsupplementingwiththeantioxidantsvitaminEandN-acetylcysteinecausedlungcancerstospreadinmice.Tobetterunderstandhowthismightoccur,Berg?andadifferentteamofresearchersstudiedmicewithaspecificformoflungcancerandmicethathadbeenimplantedwithhumanlungcancercells.Theysupplementedthemice’swaterwithvitaminC,whichtheanimalsnaturallyyield,andvitaminEandN-acetylcysteine,whichtheygetfromtheirdiet.Theresearchersgavethemiceincreasingamountsoftheseantioxidants,whichmadethelevelsoftheseantioxidantsinthemicehigherthanwhatwasnecessary.“Todayinsociety,alotofpeopleeathealthily.Theyhavesomesupplements,andthentheyalsoconsumeotherantioxidant-richfoodslikegingershotsandsmoothies,”saysBerg?,“Ifyoudoallthat,youcouldendupwiththelevelsofdoses—toomuch—thatwe’retalkingabout.”Theresearchersfoundthatthehighertheantioxidantdoses,thegreatertherateofbloodvesselformationinthetumours.Thiswastrueformicewiththespecificlungcancerandthosewithimplantedhumancancercells.Increasedbloodvesselgrowthwouldprobablyleadtotumoursgrowingandspreading,saysBerg?,buttheydidn’tstudythis.Berg?hasstressedthatpeoplewithanyformofcancershouldn’tchangetheirdietonthebasisofthisresearch.“Ifyoutookawayalltheantioxidantsinfood,youwouldgetsickforarangeofreasons,suchasvitamindeficiencies,andthiswouldinfluencethecancer,”hesays,“We’refocusingonincreaseddosesabovetherequiredlevels.”12.Whatistheeffectofantioxidantsupplementsonlungcancer?A.Theyhelptoreducetheriskoflungcancer.B.Theyhavelittlesignificantimpactonlungcancer.C.Theypreventtheformationofbloodvesselsintumors.D.Theymaycausethegrowthandspreadoflungcancer.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“yield”inparagraph3mean?A.Digest. B.Compose. C.Construct. D.Produce.14.Howdidtheresearchersstudyantioxidantsonmicewithlungcancer?A.Byimplantinghumancellsonly. B.Byvaryingtheantioxidantdoses.C.Bycomparingspecificantioxidants. D.Bykeepingantioxidantdosesfixed.15.WhatdoesBerg?emphasizeabouttheantioxidantsincancerpatients’diets?A.Antioxidantsshouldbecompletelyavoided.B.Highdosesofantioxidantscandirectlycausecancer.C.Antioxidantsarenecessarybuttheirdosesshouldbecontrolled.D.Thestudy’sresultsshouldbeusedinadjustingthepatients’diets.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關(guān)于抗氧化劑補充劑對肺癌影響的研究?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TakingantioxidantsupplementssuchasvitaminsCandEmightmakelungcancersgrowbiggerandspreadbystimulatingtheformationofbloodvesselswithintumours(腫瘤),accordingtoastudyinmice.(一項小鼠研究顯示，服用維生素C和E等抗氧化劑補充劑可能會通過刺激腫瘤內(nèi)血管的形成，使肺癌生長得更大并發(fā)生擴散)”可知，抗氧化劑補充劑可能會導(dǎo)致肺癌的生長和擴散。故選D項?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞所在句中“vitaminC,

whichtheanimalsnaturallyyield(生素C，動物自然yield)”和“vitaminEandN-acetylcysteine,whichtheygetfromtheirdiet(維生素E和N-乙酰半胱氨酸，從飲食中獲取)”是對比關(guān)系，說明維生素E和N-乙酰半胱氨酸是從飲食中獲取，而生素C是動物自然產(chǎn)生。故劃線詞yield意思是“產(chǎn)生”，與D項Produce同義。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theresearchersgavethemiceincreasingamountsoftheseantioxidants,whichmadethelevelsoftheseantioxidantsinthemicehigherthanwhatwasnecessary.(研究人員給老鼠增加了這些抗氧化劑的用量，這使得老鼠體內(nèi)這些抗氧化劑的水平高于必要水平)”可知，研究人員是通過改變抗氧化劑的劑量來研究抗氧化劑對肺癌小鼠的影響的。故選B項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Berg?hasstressedthatpeoplewithanyformofcancershouldn’tchangetheirdietonthebasisofthisresearch.‘Ifyoutookawayalltheantioxidantsinfood,youwouldgetsickforarangeofreasons,suchasvitamindeficiencies,andthiswouldinfluencethecancer,’hesays,‘We’refocusingonincreaseddosesabovetherequiredlevels.’(Berg?強調(diào)，任何形式的癌癥患者都不應(yīng)該根據(jù)這項研究改變他們的飲食。‘如果你去掉食物中所有的抗氧化劑，你會因為一系列原因而生病，比如維生素缺乏，這會影響癌癥，’他說，‘我們關(guān)注的是超過所需水平的劑量增加?！?”可知，Berg?強調(diào)抗氧化劑是必要的，但應(yīng)該控制其劑量。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AI-generatedtexthasbecomeavaluabletooltosome,aswellasbanetoothers.AIchatbots,suchasChatGPTcanproducewritingthatappearstobehuman-likeonthesurface.____16____.Luckily,therearesomesubtlewaystodetectifthewritingisfromapersonoramachine.CheckthewritingwithtoolsThereareplentyofAI-detectiontoolsonlinetodetectifthewritingisAI-generated.____17____.Youshouldusemultipletoolsincombinationwithotherconfirmationmethods.Ifpossible,comparethewritingwiththestudent’sorauthor’spreviouswritingtoseeifthereareanydifferences.UseachatbottodetectAIwritingInadditiontothetoolsonline,youcanalsouseAIitselftodetectAI.____18____.Thenuploadorcopyandpastethetext.Itwilltellyouifthetextwaswritteninchatbotsornot.Spottheunusualperfection____19____.Evenprofessionalwriterscanhaveanoccasionalmisspelling.Ifthewritingisabnormallyperfect,especiallycomparedtotheirpreviouswriting,thiscouldbearedflagthatthewritingwasAI-generated.____20____AIgeneratestextbyplacingwordstogetherinawaythatmatcheswithcommonpatternsinthetextitwastrainedon.Itdoesn’tactuallyknowanything.Furthermore,manyAIchatbotsaretrainedonoutdatedinformation.Iftheinformationisincorrectorcitesmadeupsources,itcouldbegeneratedbyAI.A.FollowAItrainingpatternsB.Fact-checkagainstreliablesourcesC.MoststudentsarenotexpertwritersD.TheyanalyzepatternsinthetexttodeterminethelikelihoodE.Forthosewhoworkineducation,detectingAIwritingcanbechallengingF.However,theydohavetheirlimitationsandshouldnotberelieduponentirelyG.Forexample,youcouldgototheChatGPTwebsiteandenter“Didyouwritethis?”【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些檢測文本是否由人工智能生成的方法。【16題詳解】上文“AI-generatedtexthasbecomeavaluabletooltosome,aswellasbanetoothers.AIchatbots,suchasChatGPTcanproducewritingthatappearstobehuman-likeonthesurface.(對一些人來說，人工智能生成的文本已經(jīng)成為一種有價值的工具，但對另一些人來說則是一種禍害。人工智能聊天機器人，如ChatGPT，可以生成表面上看起來類似人類寫作的文本)”介紹了人工智能生成文本的兩面性，并指出ChatGPT等聊天機器人可以生成看似人類寫作的文本。E選項“Forthosewhoworkineducation,detectingAIwritingcanbechallenging.(對于從事教育工作的人來說，檢測人工智能寫作可能是一項挑戰(zhàn))”承接上文，指出在教育領(lǐng)域，檢測人工智能生成的文本可能是一項挑戰(zhàn)，與上文“AI-generatedtext”話題一致，且下文“Luckily,therearesomesubtlewaystodetectifthewritingisfromapersonoramachine.(幸運的是，有一些微妙的方法可以檢測文本是來自人還是機器)”中“Luckily”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明設(shè)空句提到了一種不太樂觀的情況，E選項中“challenging”與之對應(yīng)。故選E項。【17題詳解】上文“ThereareplentyofAI-detectiontoolsonlinetodetectifthewritingisAI-generated.(網(wǎng)上有很多人工智能檢測工具可以檢測文本是否是由人工智能生成的)”介紹了可以使用在線工具來檢測文本是否由人工智能生成，F(xiàn)選項“However,theydohavetheirlimitationsandshouldnotberelieduponentirely.(然而，它們確實有自己的局限性，不應(yīng)完全依賴)”指出這些工具有局限性，不應(yīng)完全依賴，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且下文“Youshouldusemultipletoolsincombinationwithotherconfirmationmethods.(你應(yīng)該結(jié)合其他確認方法使用多種工具)”進一步說明不應(yīng)只依賴一種工具，而是應(yīng)該結(jié)合其他方法，F(xiàn)選項中“shouldnotberelieduponentirely”與下文“usemultipletoolsincombinationwithotherconfirmationmethods”語義一致。故選F項。【18題詳解】上文“Inadditiontothetoolsonline,youcanalsouseAIitselftodetectAI.(除了在線工具外，你還可以使用人工智能本身來檢測人工智能)”提出可以使用人工智能來檢測人工智能生成的文本，G選項“Forexample,youcouldgototheChatGPTwebsiteandenter‘Didyouwritethis?’(例如，你可以訪問ChatGPT網(wǎng)站，并輸入‘這是你寫的嗎？’)”舉例說明如何使用人工智能來檢測，即訪問ChatGPT網(wǎng)站并輸入相關(guān)問題，與上文“useAIitselftodetectAI”相呼應(yīng)。故選G項。【19題詳解】下文“Evenprofessionalwriterscanhaveanoccasionalmisspelling.Ifthewritingisabnormallyperfect,especiallycomparedtotheirpreviouswriting,thiscouldbearedflagthatthewritingwasAI-generated.(即使是專業(yè)作家有時也會拼寫錯誤。如果寫作異常完美，特別是與他們之前的作品相比，這可能是寫作是由人工智能生成的一個危險信號)”指出如果文本異常完美，可能是由人工智能生成的。C選項“Moststudentsarenotexpertwriters.(大多數(shù)學(xué)生都不是專業(yè)的作家)”與下文構(gòu)成對比關(guān)系，說明學(xué)生不是專業(yè)作家，因此他們的文本可能不會完美，從而引出下文關(guān)于文本完美程度可能是人工智能生成的信號的討論。故選C項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Furthermore,manyAIchatbotsaretrainedonoutdatedinformation.Iftheinformationisincorrectorcitesmadeupsources,itcouldbegeneratedbyAI.(此外，許多人工智能聊天機器人是根據(jù)過時的信息進行訓(xùn)練的。如果信息不正確或引用了編造的來源，它可能是由人工智能生成的)”可知，本段主要講可以通過核查信息來源和真實性來判斷是否為人工智能生成的文本，B選項“Fact-checkagainstreliablesources(對照可靠來源進行事實核查)”符合該段主旨，適合作小標題。故選B項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。OnthedaybeforeMother’sDaylastyear,DevittKaneandEricRamey,twocrewmemberswiththeWashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation(WSDOT),spottedatornbagontheshoulderofU.S.Highway2nearLeavenworth.Thebag’scontentssurprisedthe____21____.Insidewereahandbagandapairofearrings,fallingoutofatorngiftwrapping(包裝).DevittandEricbroughtthebagtotheirheadquarters,butno____22____giftshadbeenreported.DeterminedtofindtheownersbeforeMother’sDay,they____23____itontheFacebook,hopingthe____24____personwouldseeitintime.Asthedayended,therewasstillno____25____,butlaterthatnight,Devittreceivedacallthatbroughtgoodnews.Hiscolleagues,whohadbeenworkingto____26____thegifts’owner,finallysucceeded.TheyreceivedacallfromamannamedDavidCarlile,explaininghehad____27____lostabagofgifts.Withthehelpofrelevantdepartments,Davidgotbackthe____28____nearaskiresortonU.S.Highway2justaftermidnight.“IwasonmywaytovisitmymominEverett,Washington.Ididn’tevenrealizethebaghadbeen____29____frommytruckbedearlyinthetrip.”Davidrecalled.Afterexpressinghis_____30_____,hedroveoffto_____31_____thegiftsbeforehismotherwokeup.Devitt_____32_____ontheexperience,“Workingovertimecanbe_____33_____,butmakingsomeoneelsefeelgoodonthisspecialdaymadeitall_____34_____.”ForDavidCarlileandhisfamily,thiseffort_____35_____theMother’sday.21.A.group B.pair C.team D.region22.A.stolen B.hidden C.missing D.matching23.A.posted B.blocked C.deleted D.identified24.A.right B.random C.remote D.different25.A.prediction B.request C.offer D.response26.A.trackdown B.turndown C.pickout D.ruleout27.A.carefully B.naturally C.accidentally D.deliberately28.A.awards B.essentials C.certificates D.presents29.A.drivenaway B.blownout C.thrownout D.takenaway30.A.regret B.gratitude C.pity D.sympathy31.A.replace B.rate C.regain D.rewrap32.A.researched B.reflected C.concentrated D.relied33.A.simple B.odd C.tough D.terrific34.A.insignificant B.worse C.possible D.worthwhile35.A.ruined B.involved C.saved D.shifted【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.B31.D32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了華盛頓州交通部的兩名工作人員在母親節(jié)前夕發(fā)現(xiàn)并歸還一個裝有禮物的袋子，最終讓失主大衛(wèi)·卡萊爾一家度過了一個美好的母親節(jié)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：袋子里的東西讓這對搭檔很驚訝。A.group組；B.pair兩個共事（或有特殊關(guān)系）的人；C.team團隊；D.region地區(qū)。根據(jù)前文“DevittKaneandEricRamey,twocrewmemberswiththeWashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation(WSDOT),”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)袋子的是德維特和埃里克兩個人，是一對搭檔。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：德維特和埃里克把袋子帶到了他們的總部，但沒有看到丟失禮物的報告。A.stolen被偷的；B.hidden隱藏的；C.missing丟失的；D.matching匹配的。根據(jù)前文“DevittandEricbroughtthebagtotheirhe