期中模擬預(yù)測(cè)卷(解析版)

2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期中模擬預(yù)測(cè)卷(時(shí)間：90分鐘滿(mǎn)分：120分)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2023·廣西南寧·高一南寧三中?？计谥校㏕heNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout:ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitanandVeronese.TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velazquez,ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours:TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk).1．Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?A．The20th B．The17thC．The18th D．The13th2．WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown?A．IntheEastWing. B．InthemainWestWing.C．IntheSainsburyWing. D．IntheNorthWing.3．WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?A．CharingCross. B．LeicesterSquare.C．Embankment. D．PiccadillyCircus.【答案】1．D

2．B

3．A【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了英國(guó)國(guó)家美術(shù)館的展品以及這個(gè)展館的布置、開(kāi)館的時(shí)間等情況。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的rangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingsto...可知人們可以在這里看到13世紀(jì)的宗教圖畫(huà)。B、C、D三項(xiàng)中的圖畫(huà)都沒(méi)有涉及religious這個(gè)詞。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci...可知，達(dá)?芬奇的作品可以在themainWestWing中看到，因此選B。其他幾個(gè)地方都沒(méi)有展出達(dá)?芬奇的畫(huà)。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Nearestundergroundstations：CharingCross(2-minutewalk)．..可知，CharingCross離國(guó)家美術(shù)館只有步行2分鐘的路程，其他幾個(gè)地方離國(guó)家美術(shù)館的距離都比CharingCross遠(yuǎn)。故選D。B（2022春·湖南衡陽(yáng)·高一統(tǒng)考期中）AthletesintheOlympicVillages—intheBeijing,YanqingandZhangjiakouzones—havebeensharingtheirmomentswiththepandainphotosandvideos,whileBingDwenDwenfanshavepatientlywaitedtobuyproductsfromlicensedstoresandthroughofficialonlinechannels.Theenthusiasmforthemascot(吉祥物)productshasledtoashortageofproducts,withmanynetizenscomplainingthatit’stoodifficulttogetaBingDwenDwendoll.ZhangZhicheng,aspokesmanfortheNationalIntellectualPropertyAdministration,saidthedifficultybuyersfaceingettingthemascotproductsshowsthecountry’sstrongerandmorecomprehensiveprotectionofOlympicsymbols.“AsthemascothasOlympicsymbolprotection,italsoreceivespatent(專(zhuān)利),trademarkandcopyrightprotection,”Zhangsaidatanewsconferenceorganizedbythe2022BeijingMediaCenteronMonday.ComprehensiveIPRprotection(全方位的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù))guaranteestherightsandinterestsofIPRowners,andalsopromotesthespreadofOlympicculture,hesaid.“ComprehensiveIPRprotectionisourwayofkeepingOlympicrules.It’salsosymbolicofourrespectforeveryathlete,andencouragementfortechnologicalinnovatorsatthissportsevent,”hesaidSunLei,anIPRlawyeratYuanhePartnersinBeijing,saidthatdifficultyinbuyingaBingDwenDwendollreflectsenhancedawarenessoftheimportanceofprotectingOlympicsymbols,addingthatthanksshouldgotothecountry’searlywarningsontheissueandothermeasures.AfterBingDwenDwenwasunveiledin2019,theBeijingOrganizingCommitteeforthe2022Olympicsissuedanoticeontheprotectionofthemascot.Itwarnedthatnoindividualordepartmentcouldusetheimageornameofthemascotforprivatereasons.Itaddedthatusingtheimageinanythingotherthantheofficialdesignswasalsobanned.4．AccordingtoZhangZhicheng,it’stoodifficulttogetaBingDwenDwendollbecauseof________.A．a(chǎn)shortageofworkers B．theenthusiasmfortheOlympicGamesC．a(chǎn)lackofonlinechannels D．China'sprotectionofOlympicsymbols5．What'sthemainideaofparagraph4?A．theaimsofComprehensiveIPRprotection B．thewaystoprotectOlympicmascotsC．therightsandinterestsofIPRowners D．thereasonsforprotectingOlympicsymbols6．Accordingtothelastparagraph,peoplewerewarned________.A．tocreatemoreofficialdesigns B．toimprovethequalityofthemascotC．nottousetheimageforprivatereasons D．nottobuytoomanymascots7．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Abiography. B．Anovel. C．Anewspaper. D．Adiary.【答案】4．D

5．A

6．C

7．C【解析】本篇文章是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講解了墩墩作為北京冬奧會(huì)的吉祥物，自冬奧會(huì)開(kāi)幕以來(lái)引發(fā)公眾追捧，出現(xiàn)了“一墩難求”的情況。張志成表示，“現(xiàn)在一墩難求的冰墩墩，既穿著晶瑩透明的冰糖外殼，也戴著嚴(yán)密無(wú)形的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)罩?！?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ZhangZhicheng,aspokesmanfortheNationalIntellectualPropertyAdministration,saidthedifficultybuyersfaceingettingthemascotproductsshowsthecountry'sstrongerandmorecomprehensiveprotectionofOlympicsymbols.”(國(guó)家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)局新聞發(fā)言人張志成表示，購(gòu)買(mǎi)者在獲得吉祥物產(chǎn)品方面面臨的困難，表明國(guó)家對(duì)奧運(yùn)標(biāo)志的保護(hù)力度更大、保護(hù)更全面。)可知，主要是由于國(guó)家對(duì)于奧運(yùn)標(biāo)志的保護(hù)，才出現(xiàn)了“一墩難求”的情況。D項(xiàng)“China’sprotectionofOlympicsymbols”(中國(guó)對(duì)奧林匹克標(biāo)志的保護(hù))符合原文表述。故選D項(xiàng)。5．段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ComprehensiveIPRprotectionguaranteestherightsandinterestsofIPRowners,andalsopromotesthespreadofOlympicculture,hesaid."ComprehensiveIPRprotectionisourwayofkeepingOlympicrules.It'salsosymbolicofourrespectforeveryathlete,andencouragementfortechnologicalinnovatorsatthissportsevent,"hesaid”(他說(shuō)，全面的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)保障了知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)權(quán)利人的權(quán)益，也促進(jìn)了奧林匹克文化的傳播?！叭娴闹R(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)是我們遵守奧運(yùn)規(guī)則的方式，也是我們尊重每一位運(yùn)動(dòng)員的象征，也是對(duì)科技創(chuàng)新者的鼓勵(lì)。”他說(shuō))可知，本段主要講解知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的目的，如保障知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)人的利益，促進(jìn)奧林匹克文化傳播，尊重運(yùn)動(dòng)員等。A項(xiàng)“theaimsofComprehensiveIPRprotection”(全面知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的目的)是對(duì)于第四段的大意。故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itwarnedthatnoindividualordepartmentcouldusetheimageornameofthemascotforprivatereasons.Itaddedthatusingtheimageinanythingotherthantheofficialdesignswasalsobanned.”(它警告說(shuō)，任何個(gè)人或部門(mén)都不能出于私人原因使用吉祥物的形象或名稱(chēng)。它補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，在官方設(shè)計(jì)以外的任何地方使用該圖像也被禁止。)可知，吉祥物的形象或名稱(chēng)只能官方只用，換言之就是不允許私人使用。C項(xiàng)“nottousetheimageforprivatereasons”(不能為私人原因使用形象)符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。文章內(nèi)容主要講解時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)，冬奧會(huì)吉祥物冰墩墩“一墩難求”的現(xiàn)象，以及國(guó)家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)局新聞發(fā)言人張志成的發(fā)言等，可知本文是一篇新聞。C項(xiàng)“Anewspaper.”(一份報(bào)紙。)符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。C（2023·江蘇南京·高一校聯(lián)考期中）Whatifcomputerscouldreplacepatients?Ifvirtual(虛擬的)humanscouldhavereplacedrealpeopleinsomestagesofadrugtrial,itcouldhavespedupdevelopmentofapreventivetoolandsloweddownthespreadofviruses.Similarly,potentialdrugsthatweren’tlikelytoworkcouldhavebeenidentifiedearly,cuttingtrialcostsandavoidingtestingpoordrugcandidatesonlivingvolunteers.Thesearesomeofthebenefitsof“insilicomedicine”,whichisalsoknownas“computationalmedicine”.Powerfulcomputersgettoworkbasedonthedataaccordingtosomerules,producingavirtualorgan(器官)thatlooksandbehavesliketherealthing.Withvirtualorgans,themodelingbeginsbyfeedingdataintoacomplexmathematicalmodelofthemechanisms.Insilicoclinicaltrialsarealreadyunderwaytoanextent.Fortheforeseeablefuture,realpatientswillbeneededinlate-stagestudies,butinsilicotrialswillmakeitpossibletoconductquickandinexpensivefirstassessmentsofsafetyandefficiency,hugelyreducingthenumberoflivehumansubjectsrequiredforexperimentation.TheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA),forinstance,isusingcomputersimulations(模擬)inplaceofhumantrialsforevaluatingnewtechnologysystems.Theagencyhasalsopublishedguidancefordesigningtrialsofdrugsanddevicesthatincludevirtualpatients.Beyondspeedingresultsandreducingtherisksofclinicaltrials,insilicomedicinecanbeusedinplaceofriskyinterventions(干預(yù))thatarerequiredforanalyzingorplanningtreatmentofcertainmedicalconditions.Forexample,HeartFlowAnalysis,acloud-basedserviceapprovedbytheFDA,enablesdoctorstoidentifyheartdiseasebasedonCTimagesofapatient’sheart.TheHeartFlowsystemhasusedtheseimagestoconstructadynamicmodelofthebloodrunningthroughtheheart,thusidentifyingabnormalconditionsandtheirseverity.Withoutthistechnology,doctorswouldneedtocutintothebodytoperformanangiogram(血管造影)todecidewhetherandhowtointervene.Experimentingondigitalmodelsofindividualpatientscanalsohelppersonalizetreatmentforanynumberofconditions.8．Whatisthekeyfactorof“insilicomedicine”?A．Trialcosts. B．Virtualorgans.C．Potentialdrugs. D．Livingvolunteers.9．Whatcanweknowabout“insilicomedicine”?A．Itismainlyusedtotrydrugs. B．Itislackinginpracticalvalue.C．Itfreespatientsfromclinicaltrials. D．Itprovidessafetyandreducescosts.10．WhatcanbeinferredaboutHeartFlowAnalysis?A．ItisbeingappliedtoFDAforuse. B．Ithasgivendoctorspracticalhelp.C．ItmodelsCTimagesoflivingpatients. D．Itfunctionsonthebasisofangiograms.11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Virtualmedical

scienceisdevelopingrapidly.B．Clinical

trials

of

new

drugshavebeenspedup.C．Virtualpatientsmakeclinicaltrialsfastandreliable.D．Computerswillreplacehumandoctorsinthefuture.【答案】8．B

9．D

10．B

11．C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了虛擬患者使臨床試驗(yàn)快速可靠。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Powerfulcomputersgettoworkbasedonthedataaccordingtosomerules,producingavirtualorgan(器官)thatlooksandbehavesliketherealthing.Withvirtualorgans,themodelingbeginsbyfeedingdataintoacomplexmathematicalmodelofthemechanisms.(根據(jù)一些規(guī)則，功能強(qiáng)大的計(jì)算機(jī)以一些數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，產(chǎn)生一個(gè)看起來(lái)和行為都像真實(shí)器官的虛擬器官。對(duì)于虛擬器官，建模首先要將數(shù)據(jù)輸入到復(fù)雜的機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)學(xué)模型中。)”可知，insilicomedicine是用電腦算法模擬活體器官，創(chuàng)造虛擬器官，用以代替真實(shí)器官進(jìn)行藥物和治療方法的測(cè)試。故關(guān)鍵因素應(yīng)該是“虛擬器官”。故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“butinsilicotrialswillmakeitpossibletoconductquickandinexpensivefirstassessmentsofsafetyandefficiency,hugelyreducingthenumberoflivehumansubjectsrequiredforexperimentation.(但是在硅膠試驗(yàn)中，可以對(duì)安全性和效率進(jìn)行快速而廉價(jià)的初步評(píng)估，這將大大減少實(shí)驗(yàn)所需的活體受試者的數(shù)量。)”可知，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的安全有效，而且能節(jié)約成本。故選D。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“TheHeartFlowsystemhasusedtheseimagestoconstructadynamicmodelofthebloodrunningthroughtheheart,thusidentifyingabnormalconditionsandtheirseverity.Withoutthistechnology,doctorswouldneedtocutintothebodytoperformanangiogramtodecidewhetherandhowtointervene.(HeartFlow系統(tǒng)利用這些圖像構(gòu)建了血液流經(jīng)心臟的動(dòng)態(tài)模型，從而識(shí)別異常情況及其嚴(yán)重程度。如果沒(méi)有這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，醫(yī)生將需要切開(kāi)身體進(jìn)行血管造影，以決定是否以及如何進(jìn)行干預(yù)。)”可知，該系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)給予醫(yī)生實(shí)際的幫助。故選B。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whatifcomputerscouldreplacepatients?Ifvirtual(虛擬的)humanscouldhavereplacedrealpeopleinsomestagesofadrugtrial,itcouldhavespedupdevelopmentofapreventivetoolandsloweddownthespreadofviruses.Similarly,potentialdrugsthatweren’tlikelytoworkcouldhavebeenidentifiedearly,cuttingtrialcostsandavoidingtestingpoordrugcandidatesonlivingvolunteers.Thesearesomeofthebenefitsof“insilicomedicine”,whichisalsoknownas“computationalmedicine”.”.(如果電腦能取代病人呢?如果虛擬人能夠在藥物試驗(yàn)的某些階段取代真人，就可以加快預(yù)防工具的開(kāi)發(fā)，并減緩病毒的傳播。同樣，那些不太可能起作用的潛在藥物也可以在早期被發(fā)現(xiàn)，從而降低試驗(yàn)成本，并避免在活著的志愿者身上測(cè)試效果不佳的候選藥物。這些都是“insilicomedicine”的一些好處，也被稱(chēng)為“計(jì)算醫(yī)學(xué)”。)”可知，本文主要介紹了在硅醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)，其關(guān)鍵因素是“虛擬器官”。通過(guò)瀏覽全文，該技術(shù)不僅可以加快藥物的研發(fā)進(jìn)程，而且可以提前評(píng)估實(shí)驗(yàn)的安全性和有效性，并且部分已經(jīng)被用于幫助醫(yī)生進(jìn)行臨床治療。所以短文主要是關(guān)于虛擬患者使臨床試驗(yàn)快速可靠。故選C。D（2023·福建泉州·高一校聯(lián)考期中）InOldTownAlexandria,Virginia,youcanfindJameyTurnerplayinganunusualmusicalinstrument,theglassharp（豎琴）.Aglassharpismadeupofdifferentsizeddrinkingglasses,eachfilledwithwater.Turnermakesmusicbyrunninghisfingersoverthetopsoftheglasses.Bydoingso,eachglassmakesadifferentmusicalsound.VisitorstoAlexandrialikewhattheyseeandhear.TheythankTurnerbyleavingadollarormoreinhisboxfordonations.JameyTurneris78yearsold.Turnerbecameinterestedinplayingtheglassharpattheageofsix,whenheheardhisfatherplayingwithaglassofwateratthedinnertable.Hehasbeenplayingitfor50years.TodayTurnerputstogetherhisinstrumentbyplacing60differentglassesonawoodensoundboard.Heholdstheglassesinplacewithrubberbands,whichkeepsthemfrombreaking.Hethenaddsdifferentamountsofwatertoeachonetocreatedifferentmusicalnotes.Addingortakingawayjustalittlewaterwillchangethesound.Addingwatertoaglasswillmakealowersound.Thesmallerbowlsofwaterproduceahighersound,whilethelargeronesproducealower,deepersound.Turneralwaysuseslow-pricedglassbecauseitsoundsbetterthancostlycrystal(水晶)andhehasmorecontroloverthesound.Beforebuyingnewglasses,hewilltesttheminstores.Hedecidesiftheyproducetherightsoundbyrubbinghisfingeroverthetopofthem.Theglassharpwaspopular300yearsagowhencomposerslikeWolfgangMozartwrotemusicfortheinstrument.Therehavebeenabout400piecesofmusicwrittenjustfortheglassharp.ButTurnerplaysallkindsofmusic,evenpopularmusicfromChina.Fewpeopleplaytheglassharpthesedays,butTurnersaysheseesvideosofpeopleexperimentingwiththeinstrumentonYouTube.Hehopesthenextgenerationwillcontinuemakingitsmusic.12．WhatdovisitorsthinkofJameyTurner'sperformance?A．Boring. B．Attractive. C．Special. D．Common.13．HowcanJameyTurnerchangethesoundsoftheglasses?A．Bybeatingtheglassesindifferentparts. B．Byplacingtheglassesonawoodenboard.C．Byaddingorreducingwaterintheglasses. D．Byholdingdifferentglasseswithrubberbands.14．WhatmaybeJameyTurner'srealworryabouttheglassharp?A．Littlemusiciswrittenfortheinstrument.B．Peoplearetryingtoplaytheinstrumentonline.C．Fewpeopleareplayingtheinstrumentthesedays.D．Theinstrumentcannotproducesomebeautifulsounds.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．MakingMusicbyPlayingGlasses B．SpecialSoundsfromGlassesC．DevotiontoPlayingGlassesforFun D．FingersovertheTopsoftheGlasses【答案】12．B

13．C

14．C

15．A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了弗吉尼亞的JameyTurner用一種非同尋常的樂(lè)器——玻璃杯豎琴演奏出了美妙的音樂(lè)。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“VisitorstoAlexandrialikewhattheyseeandhear.TheythankTurnerbyleavingadollarormoreinhisboxfordonations.”可知，游人非常喜歡JameyTurner的表演，他們往往會(huì)捐出一美元甚至更多以感謝他的表演。由此可推知，觀眾認(rèn)為JameyTurner的表演很吸引人。故選B項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Addingortakingawayjustalittlewaterwillchangethesound.”可知，JameyTurner通過(guò)增加或者減少杯子中的水量來(lái)產(chǎn)生不同的聲音。故選C項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Fewpeopleplaytheglassharpthesedays,…Hehopesthenextgenerationwillcontinuemakingitsmusic.”可知，目前幾乎沒(méi)有人會(huì)彈奏這種玻璃杯豎琴，這正是JameyTurner所擔(dān)心的。JameyTurner希望有人能夠傳承這種樂(lè)器。故選C項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第一、二段講述了JameyTurner用一種特殊的樂(lè)器——玻璃杯豎琴演奏；第三、四段講述了他是如何挑選玻璃杯以及如何通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)玻璃杯里面的水量使其產(chǎn)生不同的音色；第五段講述了他能夠用這種樂(lè)器演奏多種音樂(lè)。由此可知，文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)為“用玻璃杯演奏音樂(lè)”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2023·廣東潮州·高一饒平縣第二中學(xué)?？计谥校㏄ersonalDevelopmentisnotjustasimplepersonalityimprovementplan,butalsoaprocesstoimproveyourlife.Theoutcomeofthishelpsyoufightallthosechallengestodealwithanyoftheuncontrollableaspectsofyourpersonality.Thisisaprocessthathelpsbuildthebasetohandleanyoftheoff-tracksituations.____16____.Developpositiveattitude:____17____.Thishelpsyoubehaveandmaintainyourpersonalitytraits(特性)toanormallevel，evenintheextremeconditions.Thismakesaveryusefulingredienttowardsbuildingthepositiveattitudeinlife.Communicateeffectively:Ourpersonalityisbasicallyidentifiedonthebasisofthetypeofcommunicationweareabletoperform.Apersonisshyifhe/shelacksaneasyopencommunication.____18____.Thus,apersonaldevelopmentplanhelpsimproveonthecommunicationgroundsaswell.____19____:Whenoneisconfidentaboutoneself,theconfidenceiswellreflectedinwhateverwedo.AfinelycreatedPersonalDevelopmentProgramisaboosterdosetothisself-confidence,therebyaddingagreatervaluetoinnerstrength.Bringoutyourhiddentalents:PersonalGrowthandDevelopmentprogramsaredesignedinsuchformstobringoutthehiddenyetbeneficialpersonalitycharacteristicswithineveryperson.Thishelpsinmovingaheadinlifeandattainingtheexpectedgoalseasily.Thus,PersonalDevelopmentcanhelpextractthevitaltraitsoutofapersonalityandaddvaluetootherneededtraits.____20____.A．Raiseyourself-respectB．DevelopinnerstrengthandconfidenceC．Butaconfidentpersonisabletofightforhis\herdreamD．ApositivepersonalityhelpsandmotivatesyourinnerselfE．HerearethereasonswhypersonaldevelopmentisimportantF．However,anoutgoingpersonhastheabilitytocommunicateopenlyG．Thiswillalsoaddtoyourpersonalityandhelptomoveaheadinlife【答案】16．E

17．D

18．F

19．B

20．G【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了個(gè)人發(fā)展之所以重要的幾個(gè)原因。16．根據(jù)文章第一句“PersonalDevelopmentisnotjustasimplepersonalityimprovementplan,butalsoaprocesstoimproveyourlife.”可知，個(gè)人發(fā)展不僅僅是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的人格提升計(jì)劃，還是一個(gè)改善你生活的過(guò)程，下文的黑體字又介紹了個(gè)人發(fā)展重要的幾個(gè)方面，此處需要一個(gè)承上啟下的過(guò)渡句，既要指出個(gè)人發(fā)展很重要，又要引出下文介紹的幾個(gè)方面，故E項(xiàng)（以下是個(gè)人發(fā)展之所以重要的原因）符合語(yǔ)境。17．根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Developpositiveattitude”可知，本段主要講的是要培養(yǎng)積極的態(tài)度，此處解釋積極的態(tài)度（個(gè)性）對(duì)個(gè)人發(fā)展的好處，故D項(xiàng)（積極的個(gè)性有助于并激勵(lì)你的內(nèi)在自我）符合語(yǔ)境。18．根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Communicateeffectively”（有效地溝通）可知，本段主要從溝通方面強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人發(fā)展的重要性，空前“Apersonisshyifhe/shelacksaneasyopencommunication.”指出如果一個(gè)人缺乏輕松開(kāi)放的溝通，他/她就會(huì)害羞，此處與之對(duì)比，說(shuō)的是性格外向的人能夠輕松地溝通，故F項(xiàng)（然而，一個(gè)外向的人有能力輕松開(kāi)放地溝通）符合語(yǔ)境。19．此處為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Whenoneisconfidentaboutoneself,theconfidenceiswellreflectedinwhateverwedo.AfinelycreatedPersonalDevelopmentProgramisaboosterdosetothisself-confidence,therebyaddingagreatervaluetoinnerstrength.”（當(dāng)一個(gè)人對(duì)自己有信心的時(shí)候，無(wú)論我們做什么都能體現(xiàn)出自信。一個(gè)精心創(chuàng)建的個(gè)人發(fā)展計(jì)劃是自信心的助推器，從而增加了內(nèi)在力量的更大價(jià)值）可知，本段主要是從內(nèi)在的力量和信心強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人發(fā)展的重要性，故B項(xiàng)（培養(yǎng)內(nèi)在的力量和信心）符合語(yǔ)境。20．根據(jù)空前“PersonalDevelopmentcanhelpextractthevitaltraitsoutofapersonalityandaddvaluetootherneededtraits.”可知，因此，個(gè)人發(fā)展可以幫助提取出重要的個(gè)性特征，并為其他需要的特征增加價(jià)值，此處承接上文，講的還是個(gè)人發(fā)展對(duì)培養(yǎng)個(gè)性的好處，故G項(xiàng)（這也會(huì)增強(qiáng)你的個(gè)性，幫助你在生活中前進(jìn)）符合語(yǔ)境。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2023·湖北武漢·高一校聯(lián)考期中）“I’llsharewhatever.Let’stalkaboutit.”P(pán)ro-golfer(職業(yè)高爾夫球員),BubbaWatson,isliftingtheveil(掀開(kāi)面紗)onhisownmentalhealthstruggleswithhopesof___21___fansthereisalwaysalotmorethanmeetstheeyewhenitcomesto___22___.Watsonshareshis___23___withanxietyinanewbook,UpandDown,whichtalksabouthissignificantweightloss___24___anoverly-stressed,racingmind.Hisweightlosswassomethingthepublicmistookasa___25___healthchange.“Peoplewouldsay,‘Oh,youlookgreat.’”saidWatson.“Iwouldn’tsayanything,butI’d___26___tosay,‘No,there’ssomethinggoingon.Idon’twanttolookthisway.’”“Golfwas___27___me,”hewritesinhisbook,UpandDown:VictoriesandStrugglesintheCourseofLife.AsWatsonsoughthelpandworkedtoidentifyhisproblems,hefeltmore___28___ashereducedemotionalweight,causinghimtogetbackphysicalweight—a(n)___29___forthe42-year-old.“Whenthe___30__startedcomingback,IthoughtIneededtotelltheworldwhereI’mat,”Watsonsaid.“Itwasa___31__tome.”AccordingtoWatson,ifhereachesjustonepersonwithhis___32___,it’sallworthit.“Forme,personally,Iwanttoshare,”saidWatson.“Withmy___33___,IfeltlikeifIcould___34___oneperson,ifIcouldchangeonepersonandwhatorhowtheyarethinking,maybeIcould___35___afewmorepeople.”21．A．promising B．reminding C．ordering D．a(chǎn)sking22．A．education B．match C．sports D．health23．A．reactions B．struggles C．decisions D．a(chǎn)dvantages24．A．morethan B．exceptfor C．dueto D．insteadof25．A．positive B．passive C．similar D．familiar26．A．a(chǎn)gree B．decide C．want D．wait27．A．confusing B．killing C．leading D．testing28．A．surprised B．curious C．important D．balanced29．A．choice B．chance C．win D．a(chǎn)im30．A．belief B．weight C．honor D．luck31．A．relief B．risk C．habit D．model32．A．dreams B．jokes C．letters D．words33．A．story B．trip C．role D．task34．A．trust B．help C．follow D．find35．A．challenge B．understand C．inspire D．a(chǎn)ccept【答案】21．B

22．D

23．B

24．C

25．A

26．C

27．B

28．D

29．C

30．B

31．A

32．D

33．A

34．B

35．C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了職業(yè)高爾夫球員BubbaWatson和心理健康問(wèn)題作斗爭(zhēng)的故事，以提醒球迷重視健康問(wèn)題。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：職業(yè)高爾夫球手BubbaWatson揭開(kāi)了自己心理健康問(wèn)題的面紗，希望以此提醒球迷，在健康問(wèn)題上沒(méi)有表面上看到的那么簡(jiǎn)單。A.promising保證，指望；B.reminding提醒；C.ordering命令，訂購(gòu)；D.asking問(wèn)，要求。根據(jù)下文“fansthereisalwaysalotmorethanmeetstheeyewhenitcomesto.”可知，BubbaWatson揭示自己的心理健康問(wèn)題是想提醒球迷。故選B項(xiàng)。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：職業(yè)高爾夫球手BubbaWatson揭開(kāi)了自己心理健康問(wèn)題的面紗，希望以此提醒球迷，在健康問(wèn)題上沒(méi)有表面上看到的那么簡(jiǎn)單。A.education教育；B.match比賽；C.sports運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.health健康。根據(jù)上文“hisownmentalhealthstruggles”可知，此處是關(guān)于健康的問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Watson在他的新書(shū)《起起伏伏》中分享了他與焦慮作斗爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)歷，書(shū)中談到了由于壓力過(guò)大、大腦不停歇，他的體重顯著下降。A.reactions反應(yīng)；B.struggles斗爭(zhēng)；C.decisions決定；D.advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上文“BubbaWatson,isliftingtheveil(掀開(kāi)面紗)onhisownmentalhealthstruggles…”可知，此處是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，指與焦慮作斗爭(zhēng)。故選B項(xiàng)。24．考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Watson在他的新書(shū)UpandDown中分享了他與焦慮作斗爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)歷，書(shū)中談到了由于壓力過(guò)大、大腦不停歇，他的體重顯著下降。A.morethan超過(guò)；B.exceptfor除了；C.dueto由于；D.insteadof而不是。根據(jù)空后“anoverly-stressed,racingmind”可知，此處是體重明顯下降的原因。故選C項(xiàng)。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的體重下降被公眾誤認(rèn)為是一種積極的健康變化。A.positive積極的；B.passive被動(dòng)的；C.similar類(lèi)似的；D.familiar熟悉的。上文提到他是因壓力過(guò)大，大腦不停歇導(dǎo)致的體重下降，根據(jù)本句中的“mistookas”可知，此處指被誤認(rèn)為是一種積極的健康變化。故選A項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我不會(huì)說(shuō)什么，但我想說(shuō)，‘不，發(fā)生了一些事。我不想這看起來(lái)是這樣?！盇.agree同意；B.decide決定；C.want想要；D.wait等待。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以此處指面對(duì)人們的稱(chēng)贊，他什么也不說(shuō)，但還是想說(shuō)事實(shí)不是這樣。故選C項(xiàng)。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“高爾夫球簡(jiǎn)直要了我的命，”他在《起起伏伏：生命歷程中的勝利與掙扎》一書(shū)中寫(xiě)道。A.confusing使糊涂，使迷惑；B.killing殺死；C.leading帶領(lǐng)，引路；D.testing測(cè)試。根據(jù)下文“AsWatsonsoughthelpandworkedtoidentifyhisproblems(Watson尋求幫助，努力找出他的問(wèn)題)”可知，Watson出現(xiàn)了心理健康的問(wèn)題，所以此處指“高爾夫球簡(jiǎn)直要了我的命”。故選B項(xiàng)。28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Watson尋求幫助并努力找出自己的問(wèn)題時(shí)，他感到更加平衡，因?yàn)樗麥p輕了情緒體重，使他恢復(fù)了體重——這對(duì)這位42歲的人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)勝利。A.surprised驚訝的；B.curious好奇的；C.important重要的；D.balanced平衡的。根據(jù)空后“ashereducedemotionalweight,causinghimtogetbackphysicalweight”可知，他的思想負(fù)擔(dān)減輕了，體重也恢復(fù)了，所以此處指感到更加平衡。故選D項(xiàng)。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Watson尋求幫助并努力找出自己的問(wèn)題時(shí)，他感到更加平衡，因?yàn)樗麥p輕了情緒體重，使他恢復(fù)了體重——這對(duì)這位42歲的人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)勝利。A.choice選擇；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.win勝利；D.aim目標(biāo)。根據(jù)前文他的思想負(fù)擔(dān)減輕了，體重也恢復(fù)了，所以對(duì)于42歲的他來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)勝利。故選C項(xiàng)。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)我的體重開(kāi)始回升時(shí)，我想我需要告訴世界我的處境，”Watson說(shuō)。A.belief信念；B.weight體重；C.honor榮譽(yù)；D.luck運(yùn)氣。由上文“causinghimtogetbackphysicalweight”可知，他的體重恢復(fù)了。故選B項(xiàng)。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)如釋重負(fù)。A.relief寬慰，緩解；B.risk冒險(xiǎn)；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.model模型，模范。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處指告訴全世界他曾經(jīng)的處境讓他如釋重負(fù)。故選A項(xiàng)。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)Watson的說(shuō)法，如果有一個(gè)人聽(tīng)進(jìn)去了他的話，這一切都是值得的。A.dreams夢(mèng)想；B.jokes玩笑；C.letters信；D.words(某人說(shuō)的)話。上文提到他想要告訴全世界他的遭遇，所以此處指如果有一個(gè)人聽(tīng)進(jìn)去了他說(shuō)的話就值了。故選D項(xiàng)。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)我的故事，我覺(jué)得如果我能幫助一個(gè)人，如果我能改變一個(gè)人以及他們的想法，也許我能激勵(lì)更多的人。A.story故事；B.trip旅行；C.role角色；D.task任務(wù)。結(jié)合上文“IthoughtIneededtotelltheworldwhereI’mat”可知，此處指通過(guò)他的經(jīng)歷、故事。故選A項(xiàng)。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)我的故事，我覺(jué)得如果我能幫助一個(gè)人，如果我能改變一個(gè)人以及他們的想法，也許我能激勵(lì)更多的人。A.trust信任；B.help幫助；C.follow跟隨；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，Watson分享自己的故事是為了幫助人們戰(zhàn)勝心理健康問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)我的故事，我覺(jué)得如果我能幫助一個(gè)人，如果我能改變一個(gè)人以及他們的想法，也許我能激勵(lì)更多的人。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.understand理解；C.inspire激勵(lì)，鼓舞；D.accept接受。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及“ifIcouldchangeonepersonandwhatorhowtheyarethinking”可知，Watson想通過(guò)自己的故事改變別人的想法，激勵(lì)別人戰(zhàn)勝健康問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)（2023·福建三明·高一三明一中?？计谥校㏕hemostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamicrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,___36___(kill)morethan6,500people.Fishermen,touristshotels,homesandcars____37____(sweep)awaybyhugewaves.Theunderseaquake___38___(strike)around7:00am,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.Inthatareaalone,atleast1870peoplewerekilled.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilled___39___thesoutherncoast.Another254werefound___40___(death)inThailandand54inthreeothercountries.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildren___41___waterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandrunto___42___(safe),”saidalocalThaiwoman.Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsisexpected___43__(grow)evenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaid___44___(organize)forthetsunami-hitcountries.____45____,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies,【答案】36．killing

37．wereswept

38．struck

39．a(chǎn)long

40．dead

41．when

42．safety

43．togrow

44．isbeingorganized

45．However【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了過(guò)去40年來(lái)最強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)的海嘯昨天沖入了亞洲海岸線，對(duì)一些國(guó)家造成了影響。36．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：昨日，亞洲發(fā)生40年來(lái)最強(qiáng)烈的地震，并引發(fā)海嘯，造成6500多人死亡。分析題意，前面的主句表示原因，后面的分詞短語(yǔ)表示直接造成的結(jié)果。故填killing37．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：漁民、游客、旅館、住宅和汽車(chē)被巨浪卷走。分析題意，主語(yǔ)“Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homesandcars”和提示詞“sweep”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且文章的整體時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。所以此處需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。綜上，故填wereswept。38．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：海底地震發(fā)生在早上7點(diǎn)左右。分析題意，主語(yǔ)“Theunderseaquake”和strike之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。且時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填struck。39．考查介詞。句意：印度官員表示，南部沿海地區(qū)有多達(dá)1900人死亡。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)表示“南部沿海地區(qū)”。along作為介詞譯為“沿著，順著”此處符合題意。故填along。40．考查形容詞。句意：另有254人被發(fā)現(xiàn)死于泰國(guó)，54人死于其他三個(gè)國(guó)家。分析題意，此處需將提示詞改為形容詞以作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填dead。41．考查連詞。句意：當(dāng)洪水開(kāi)始涌入我家的時(shí)候，我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早餐。分析題意，根據(jù)固定句型was/weredoing…when譯為“正在......這時(shí)”可知，此處填when符合題意。故填when。42．考查名詞。句意：我們不得不放下所有東西跑到安全的地方。該空作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，用名詞，safety是不可數(shù)名詞。故填safety。43．考查固定搭配。句意：成千上萬(wàn)的人仍然失蹤，死亡人數(shù)預(yù)計(jì)在未來(lái)幾天還會(huì)增加。分析題意，根據(jù)固定搭配beexpectedtodo(被期望去做某事)可知，此處需填動(dòng)詞的不定式。綜上，故填togrow。44．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：正在為遭受海嘯襲擊的國(guó)家組織外國(guó)援助。分析題意，前文的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故此處的時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示目前正在發(fā)生，正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。主語(yǔ)aid和提示詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。所以此處需用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，aid當(dāng)“援助、救助”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。綜上，故填isbeingorganized。45．考查副詞。句意：然而，危險(xiǎn)的條件和受損的道路將使運(yùn)送食物和物資變得困難。分析題意，劃線前提到“正在組織救援”，劃線后卻提到“危險(xiǎn)的條件和受損的道路將使運(yùn)送食物和物資變得困難”，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。綜上，故填However。第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(滿(mǎn)分15分)（2023·山東青島·高一山東省青島第十九中學(xué)?？计谥校┙漳闼诘膶W(xué)校針對(duì)浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象，開(kāi)展了“為建設(shè)節(jié)約型社會(huì)獻(xiàn)一計(jì)”主題活動(dòng)，同學(xué)們提出了許多倡議。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)：有人倡議：1.不浪費(fèi)糧食和紙張；2.盡量不使用方便筷、塑料袋；3.畢業(yè)生將書(shū)贈(zèng)給低年級(jí)同學(xué)循環(huán)使用；你的倡議……注意：1.不要逐字翻譯，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)；2.詞數(shù)：80字左右，開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；3.參考詞匯：方便筷disposablechopsticksDearFriends,Recently,ithasbeencommonthatpeoplewastealot，sotherehasbeenanactivityof“doingyourbitforanenergy-savingsociety”inourschool.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withbestwishes,LiHua【精彩范文】Dearfriends,Recently,ithasbeencommonthatpeoplewastealot,sotherehasbeenanactivityof“doingyourbitforanenergy-savingsociety”inourschool.Ourschoolmatesarehighlyconcernedabouttheincreasinglackofenergyandprovidetheirownsuggestions.Somestudentsappealtoeveryonenottowasteanyfoodorpaper,thoughtheyappearveryeasytoget.Meanwhile,someotherstudentsthinkitadvisabletorefusetousedisposablechopsticksandplasticbags.Besides,itisalsostronglyrecommendedthatthoseusedtextbooksaswellasreferencebooksofgraduates,whicharestillingoodcondition,notbethrownbutrecycled.