一輪復(fù)習(xí)微專題 考向04 數(shù)詞（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1考向04數(shù)詞（20191?浙江溫州）______treeswerecutdown.Andmanybirdslosttheirhome.A．Twothousands B．Thousandsof C．Thousandof命題趨勢(shì)：數(shù)詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)。從考查形式看，一般有單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、詞語運(yùn)用等。所占分值通常為2～4分。從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用數(shù)詞的能力。中考考查重點(diǎn)：1.基數(shù)詞；2.序數(shù)詞；3.分?jǐn)?shù)。數(shù)詞的分類：數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)詞表示數(shù)目的多少。序數(shù)詞表示事物的先后順序，往往與定冠詞the連用。考向一：基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成(1)0—12單獨(dú)記。如：zero,one,two,three等。(2)13—19的詞尾都是teen。如：fourteen,seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊記。(3)20以上的整十的基數(shù)詞均以ty結(jié)尾。20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。(4)＂幾十幾＂要加連字符號(hào)＂-＂。48—forty-eight,97—ninety-seven等。(5)＂幾百幾十＂或者＂幾百幾十幾＂在＂百＂后加and。156—onehundredandfifty-six,509—fivehundredandnine。(6)四位數(shù)或者四位數(shù)以上的基數(shù)詞的拼寫規(guī)律：用逗號(hào)從右往左每三位加一個(gè)逗號(hào)，第一個(gè)逗號(hào)讀作thousand(千)，第二個(gè)逗號(hào)讀作million(百萬)，第三個(gè)逗號(hào)讀作billion(十億)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。3,610＝threethousandsixhundredandten；94,295＝ninety-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-five；考向二：序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成first1stsecond2ndthird3rdfourth4thfifth5thsixth6thseventh7theighth8thninth9thtenth10theleventh11thtwelfth12ththirteenth13thfourteenth14thfifteenth15thsixteenth16thseventeenth17theighteenth18thnineteenth19thtwentieth20thtwenty-first21sttwenty-second22ndthirtieth30thfortieth40thfiftieth50thsixtieth60thseventieth70theightieth80thninetieth90thhundredth100thonehundredandfirst101st(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分別是first,second,third。(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth是特殊的拼寫外，其余的都在相應(yīng)基數(shù)詞后面加＂th＂構(gòu)成。如：fourth。(3)20以上的整十的序數(shù)詞由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞變y為i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth;fifty→fiftieth。(4)第一百hundredth;第一千thousandth;第一百萬millionth。(5)20以上的非整十的基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞時(shí)，只變化個(gè)位數(shù)。如：twenty-one→twenty-first;onehundredandone→onehundredandfirst?；鶖?shù)詞變序數(shù)詞記憶口訣基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊記，詞尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty將y變成i，th前面有個(gè)e。若是碰到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。整十基數(shù)變序數(shù)，先把ty變成tie，要是遇上兩位數(shù)，十位基數(shù)，個(gè)位序，th最后加上去?？枷蛉悍?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母構(gòu)成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情況外，序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)。?1/3onethird7/9sevenninths【注意】一些特殊的分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：?ahalf二分之一aquarter=onefourth四分之一threequarters=threefourth四分之三英語分?jǐn)?shù)巧記英語分?jǐn)?shù)巧記英語分?jǐn)?shù)不費(fèi)事，＂母序子基＂四個(gè)字。分子若是大于一，分母還須加-s?！镜淅縒eareproudofourcountry.Theyear2019isher__________birthday.A.seventy B.theseventy C.theseventieth D.seventieth【答案】D【解析】句意：我們?yōu)槲覀兊膰?guó)家感到驕傲，2019年是她的70歲生日。seventy70，seventieth第70；根據(jù)幾歲生日時(shí)用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性的物主代詞時(shí)，要把the省略掉；故選D。考向四：數(shù)詞和主謂一致就近一致原則。2.意義一致原則。3.語法一致原則?！镜淅縚_______studentsinourclass________goingtothesummercampinBeijingnextweek.A.Twofifths;is B.Secondfifths;areC.Secondfifths;is D.Twofifths;are【答案】D【解析】句意：我們班五分之二的學(xué)生打算下周去北京參加夏令營(yíng)。表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，因此五分之二的表達(dá)應(yīng)該是twofifths，排除B、C；分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞students，根據(jù)主謂一致的原則，只能用are，故答案選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】點(diǎn)睛：本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)和主謂一致，一般情況下，表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子要用基數(shù)詞，分母要用序數(shù)詞，如果分子大于1，表示分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：twothirds三分之二。由＂分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)名詞＂構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。如：60%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我們班60的學(xué)生是女生。Twothirdsoftheappleisred.這個(gè)蘋果的三分之二是紅色的。主謂一致記憶口訣主謂一致記憶口訣單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見，集體名詞謂用單。如若強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員，復(fù)數(shù)謂語記心間。有些名詞謂常復(fù)，牛人警察和船員。主語單數(shù)后接介，謂語單數(shù)介無關(guān)。主語從句非謂語，manya再加morethanone，謂語動(dòng)詞均用單。or，nor，butalso，therebe，近主原則掛嘴邊。主語neither，either，one，謂語總是用三單。主語雖有and連，and后面沒有冠，僅指一人或一事，謂語仍然是單三。時(shí)間、價(jià)值度量衡，謂語常作單數(shù)看。no，each，every后用單，兩件/種事物/情系一概念。1．AlthoughIfailed________times,Iwilltry________timetoprovethatIcandoitonmyown.A．six,aseven B．sixth,theseventh C．six,aseventh2．一Whatdoyouthinkofthepassagesinyourexam?—Oh,Ithink________ofthematerialsIreadintheexam________easy.A．twothirds,is B．twothirds,are C．twothird,are3．—________ofthecity________coveredwithparksandgardens.—Wow,it’sreallyagreencity.A．Threefifth;is B．Threefifths;is C．Threefifths;are D．Threefifths;are4．Nowadays,________oftheoldpeoplehere________usedtodancingonthesquareaftersupper.A．twothirds；is B．twothirds；are C．twothree；is5．Thewinnerofthissingingcompetitionisan_________boyfromNanjing.A．eighteenyearold B．eighteenyearsold C．eighteen-year-old D．eighteen-years-old6．TomwasangrybecauseJerryate________ofhisnineapplessecretly.Nowhehadonlythreeleft.A．a(chǎn)quarter B．onethird C．a(chǎn)half D．twothirds7．—Whatdoyouknowaboutthecartoon?—Well,itbecameverypopularinwesterncountries________whenthecreatorofitwasonly________.A．in1990s;inhistwenties B．inthe1990s;inhistwentiesC．inthe1990;inhistwenty D．in1990;inthetwenties8．Ineverexpectedaman________couldoffersuchareportwith_______information.A．inhistwenties;agreatdealof B．inhistwenty;anumberofC．inhistwentieth;abitof D．inhistwenties;quiteafew9．Ittookusabout________toflytoHongKongDisneyland.A．twoandhalfanhours B．twoandahalfhoursC．twohoursandhalf D．twohourandahalf10．—Inourclass______ofthestudentsaregirls.—Andthenumberofthem______30.A．thirdfifths;is B．thirdfifth;are C．threefifths;is D．threefifths;are11．Everyyear,_______peoplegotovisittheirfactory.A．a(chǎn)thousandof B．thousands C．thousandof D．thousandsof12．一Dad,about_________ofourclassmateswearglass.一Oh.that'sterrible.Youshouldalltakegoodcareofyoureyes.A．three-fourths B．third-fourth C．three-fourth D．threequarter13．Theoldmanspent______ofhislifetimepainting.A．three-forths B．three-fourth C．three-fourths D．three-four14．ThisSaturdayismy________birthday.Welcometomyparty!A．fourteenth B．thefourteenth C．fourteen D．thefourteen15．Therearefive________studentsinourschoolandtwo________themaregirls.A．thousands;thousand B．thousand;thousandsof C．thousand;thousandof16．IwenttoMr.Wang's______birthdayparty.Ihavetosayhelooksyoungalthoughheisinhis______.A．eighty's;eighty B．eighty;eightiesC．eightieth;eighties D．eightieth;eighty17．Thereareabout1192tinyislandsinMaldives（馬爾代夫）.__________ofthemaresuitableforpeopletoliveonandalmost_________arenotinhabited（有人居住的）.A．Twohundred；fourfifths B．Twohundreds；fourfifth C．Hundreds；fourthfive18．Ifyouwantaticketforaround-trip,you'llhavetopay______$100.A．more B．a(chǎn)nother C．other D．each19．TFBOYSisoneof______groupsintheworldandtheyhave______fansallovertheworld.A．