麻醉科試題庫及答案

麻醉科（共1000題

1000分）一、A1/A2型題、A1/A2型題：每一道考試題下面有A、B、C、D、E五個備選答案。請從中選擇一個最佳答案。(800分)MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[修改]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]（）1、有關(guān)胰島素的描述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.促進糖原合成B.促進脂肪酸的分解C.促使血鉀向細胞內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)移D.促進糖的儲存和利用E.抑制蛋白質(zhì)的分解（）2、治療高黏綜合征最重要的措施之一是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.輸入血漿B.血液稀釋C.輸入全血D.輸入血小板E.輸入濃縮紅細胞（）3、與直喉鏡比較，彎喉鏡更易于顯露聲門的體位是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.經(jīng)典式喉鏡頭位B.平臥墊枕修正位C.膝胸頭高臥位D.左側(cè)臥位E.仰臥頭低位（）4、不影響蒸發(fā)器輸出的因素有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.流量B.大氣壓C.時間D.溫度E.壓力泵吸（）5、Mapleson系統(tǒng)回路中不能進行控制呼吸的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.A回路B.B回路C.C回路D.D回路E.E回路（）6、紅外線監(jiān)測儀分析麻醉藥蒸氣濃度常采用的波長是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.2.8μmB.3.3μmC.3.8μmD.4.3μnE.4.8μm（）7、出現(xiàn)角膜反射消失的神經(jīng)損傷有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.視神經(jīng)B.動眼神經(jīng)C.面神經(jīng)D.滑車神經(jīng)E.外展神經(jīng)（）8、血／氣分配系數(shù)小的吸入麻醉藥是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.氧化亞氮B.地氟烷C.七氟烷D.異氟烷E.恩氟烷（）9、局部麻醉時，最后消失的感覺是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.痛覺B.溫度覺C.觸壓覺D.深度感覺E.運動功能（）10、收集心臟靜脈血的冠狀竇注入MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.右心房B.左心房C.右心室D.腔靜脈E.左心室（）11、肝硬化晚期的患者，與嘔血癥狀有關(guān)的靜脈是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.食管靜脈B.上腔靜脈C.臍靜脈D.腸系膜下靜脈E.腸系膜上動脈（）12、心絞痛痛感的傳入神經(jīng)是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.膈神經(jīng)B.迷走神經(jīng)C.喉返神經(jīng)D.胸交感干的心支E.內(nèi)臟大神經(jīng)（）13、血K逐步升高時，心肌的興奮性MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.逐步降低B.逐步升高C.迅速降低D.迅速升高E.先升高后降低（）14、正常人腦電圖δ波的頻率是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.4～7次／秒B.8～10次／秒C.11～13次／秒D.0.5～3次／秒E.14～16次／秒（）15、肌肉產(chǎn)生肌張力的主要反射是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.自主神經(jīng)反射B.條件反射C.肌牽張反射D.反轉(zhuǎn)的牽張反射E.脊髓反射（）16、可降低心肌細胞傳導性的因素有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.閾電位與靜息電位差值縮小B.0期除極幅度增大C.靜息電位絕對值減小D.閾電位增高E.0期除極速度加快（）17、有關(guān)腦循環(huán)特點的敘述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.腦內(nèi)血液主要來自頸內(nèi)動脈與椎動脈B.血流量大，成年人約為50ml/(100g·min)C.神經(jīng)細胞對缺氧極敏感而對低血糖不敏感D.血-腦屏障對物質(zhì)通透性有選擇性E.耗氧量大，約占全身氧耗的20%（）18、正常成年人腦血流量保持相對恒定的灌注壓在MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.50～150mmHgB.60～180mmHgC.80～150mmHgD.40～180mmHgE.80～180mmHg（）19、麻醉對冠脈循環(huán)的影響，正確的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.靜脈麻醉藥減少冠脈血流量B.蛛網(wǎng)膜下隙阻滯平面過廣時，可致冠脈血流減少C.麻醉性鎮(zhèn)痛藥使冠脈血流量增加D.吸入麻醉藥對冠脈循環(huán)無影響E.鎮(zhèn)靜藥使冠脈血流量增加（）20、丙泊酚麻醉藥理作用的特點是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.作用強而持久B.蘇醒迅速、完全C.有較弱的鎮(zhèn)痛、肌松作用D.對呼吸、循環(huán)無明顯影響E.肝、腎毒性無影響（）21、麻醉手術(shù)中導致肝血流量減少的原因，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.缺氧B.高PaCOC.持續(xù)正壓通氣D.機械壓迫E.血壓降低（）22、阻塞性黃疸病人一般都伴有凝血酶原時間延長，能糾正的藥物是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.維生素AB.維生素BC.維生素CD.維生素KE.維生素E（）23、肺順應性降低的患者呼吸變化為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.慢而淺B.快而淺C.快而深D.慢而深E.無變化（）24、有關(guān)妊娠期血液的改變敘述，正確的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.血沉加快B.血容量減少C.血紅蛋白增高D.血黏度增加E.血細胞比容增加（）25、關(guān)于表觀分布容積的敘述，正確的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.某一藥物它是一個恒值B.體內(nèi)總藥量(Xo)與零時血藥濃度的比值C.它代表藥物在機體內(nèi)分布真實容積D.其值越大，代表藥物集中分布組織或某些器官中E.其值越小，代表藥物在機體內(nèi)分布越廣泛（）26、關(guān)于吸入麻醉藥的敘述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.MAC相當于效價強度B.MAC是監(jiān)測病人麻醉深度的基礎(chǔ)C.MAC可作為探討麻醉作用機制的手段D.不同吸入麻醉藥其MAC沒有相加性質(zhì)E.不同麻醉藥相同的MAC產(chǎn)生不同的心血管效應（）27、吸入麻醉藥減少腦代謝MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.與時間常數(shù)有關(guān)B.與麻醉深度無關(guān)C.與劑量無關(guān)D.與癲癇樣腦電活動無關(guān)E.與腦電活動有關(guān)（）28、左心室收縮期負荷加重常見于MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.二尖瓣狹窄B.肺動脈瓣狹窄C.主動脈瓣狹窄D.室間隔缺損E.動脈導管未閉（）29、對慢性阻塞性肺疾病有重要診斷意義的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.血氣分析：pH降低，PaCO增高B.心電圖：低電壓C.X線：肺透亮度增加、肺大皰D.臨床表現(xiàn)：呼吸困難、發(fā)紺E.肺功能：FEV<60%，最大通氣量低于預計值的80%（）30、系統(tǒng)毒性最低的局部麻醉藥是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.普魯卡因B.丙胺卡因C.利多卡因D.甲哌卡因E.羅哌卡因（）31、影響吸入麻醉藥從肺排出最重要的因素是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.肺泡通氣量B.麻醉藥的血／氣分配系數(shù)C.組織容積D.麻醉藥的組織／血分配系數(shù)E.吸入麻醉藥的血液溶解度（）32、二尖瓣狹窄最有診斷價值的方法是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.胸部X線B.心電向量圖C.心音圖D.多普勒超聲心動圖E.心臟三位成像（）33、非去極化肌松藥的主要作用機制是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.阻滯M受體B.阻滯N受體C.阻滯M受體D.阻滯N受體E.抑制膽堿酯酶活性（）34、曲馬朵術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛的特點是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.鎮(zhèn)痛效果比嗎啡強B.易出現(xiàn)便秘C.不產(chǎn)生呼吸抑制作用D.惡心、嘔吐發(fā)生率高E.口服效果差（）35、琥珀膽堿的不良反應沒有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.心律失常B.低血鉀C.術(shù)后肌痛D.眼壓增高E.惡性高熱（）36、椎管內(nèi)麻醉術(shù)前用阿托品的目的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.減少腺體分泌B.降低迷走神經(jīng)張力C.增加心率D.增強胃腸道張力E.促進胃腸蠕動，減少術(shù)后惡心、嘔吐（）37、重度哮喘時，成年人每天氨茶堿靜脈用藥的最大劑量為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.1.5gB.2.5gC.3.5gD.4.5gE.5.5g（）38、屬一級動力學藥物的消除半衰期的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.是一恒值，不受疾病的影響B(tài).消除半衰期與清除率成正比C.消除半衰期與表觀分布容積成正比D.某一病人某藥的消除半衰期與表觀分布容積成反比E.消除半衰期與血藥濃度成正比（）39、關(guān)于結(jié)核菌素試驗結(jié)果，正確的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.結(jié)核菌素試驗陰性者就可除外結(jié)核B.卡介苗接種成功，結(jié)核菌素反應多呈強陽性C.粟粒性肺結(jié)核時，結(jié)核菌素反應可呈陰性D.結(jié)核菌素試驗陽性者，必有結(jié)核病E.初次感染結(jié)核后4周內(nèi)，結(jié)核菌素試驗陽性（）40、丙泊酚引起低血壓的主要原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.興奮迷走神經(jīng)B.阻滯交感神經(jīng)C.抑制心血管中樞D.直接抑制心肌E.降低外周血管阻力（）41、能早期診斷小氣道阻塞的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.第一秒用力呼氣量B.流量容積曲線C.最大自主通氣量D.最大呼氣中期流速E.閉合氣量（）42、不用血管擴張藥治療的心排血量減少是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.縮窄性心包炎B.主動脈瓣關(guān)閉不全C.二尖瓣關(guān)閉不全D.高血壓性心臟病E.充血性心臟?。ǎ?3、右心衰竭的主要體征不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.雙下肺濕啰音B.肝、脾大C.下肢水腫D.頸靜脈怒張E.肝-頸靜脈回流征陽性（）44、心源性哮喘與支氣管哮喘臨床表現(xiàn)的主要不同點是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.是否反復發(fā)作B.心前區(qū)收縮期雜音C.心臟擴大伴奔馬律D.兩肺啰音性質(zhì)E.無肺氣腫體征（）45、可引起直立性低血壓的藥物是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.嗎啡B.硫噴妥鈉C.地西泮D.東莨菪堿E.氯丙嗪（）46、庫欣綜合征是指MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.糖皮質(zhì)激素生產(chǎn)不足B.糖皮質(zhì)激素生產(chǎn)過多C.長期服用大量的糖皮質(zhì)激素，引起向心性肥胖D.醛固酮異常增多E.性激素產(chǎn)生過多（）47、能更早更準確地反映肺換氣功能障礙的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.SaOB.PaCOC.SvOD.PaO/FiOE.SpO（）48、區(qū)別重癥肌無力患者膽堿能危象和肌無力性危象的根據(jù)是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.血壓高低B.瞳孔大小以及唾液和出汗多少C.呼吸的深淺和快慢D.是否出現(xiàn)病理反射E.肌無力程度（）49、治療肝性腦病患者，用于恢復腦部的神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.去甲腎上腺素B.γ-氨酪酸C.多巴胺D.腎上腺素E.乙酰谷酰胺（）50、破傷風患者，氣管切開的指征是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.呼吸中樞麻痹B.腹肌強直，呼吸受限C.抽搐頻繁而又不易用藥控制D.吞咽困難，防止食物誤吸E.肺部感染（）51、成年人新九分法計算燒傷面積，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.發(fā)、頸、面共9%B.雙上肢為18%C.軀干為27%D.雙臀為5%E.雙大腿為13%（）52、易引起急性腎衰竭的外傷是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.嚴重擠壓傷B.脾破裂C.創(chuàng)傷性窒息D.血氣胸E.嚴重頭皮撕脫傷（）53、甲狀腺大部切除術(shù)后，出現(xiàn)長時間、不能恢復的手足抽搐，首選治療方法是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.口服葡萄糖酸鈣B.口服維生素DC.靜脈注射氯化鈣D.口服二氫速固醇油劑E.異體甲狀旁腺移植（）54、應視為手術(shù)禁忌的血小板數(shù)為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.≤20×10／LB.≤30×10／LC.≤40×10／LD.≤50×10／LE.≤60×10／L（）55、內(nèi)源性呼氣末正壓(PEEPi)是指MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.麻醉機廢氣排出受阻在回路中形成的壓力B.呼氣末留滯在肺泡內(nèi)氣體所產(chǎn)生的正壓C.呼氣末呼吸機施加于氣道內(nèi)的壓力D.手術(shù)操作壓迫肺組織所產(chǎn)生的壓力E.胸膜腔負壓消失后所產(chǎn)生的肺回縮壓力（）56、絞窄性腸梗阻是指MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.機械因素因素的腸梗阻B.腸壁血供障礙的腸梗阻C.腸壁腫瘤引起的腸梗阻D.腸內(nèi)容物通過受阻E.腸壁肌功能紊亂引起的腸梗阻（）57、"微小肝癌"指癌腫直徑不大于MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.1cmB.2cmC.4cmD.5cmE.10cm（）58、肝硬化門脈高壓癥的臨床表現(xiàn)是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.脾大和功能亢進B.腹水C.食管胃底靜脈曲張D.嘔血E.以上都對（）59、心臟壓塞的常見癥狀不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.中心靜脈壓增高B.心律失常C.血壓下降D.心音遙遠E.頸靜脈怒張（）60、婦科手術(shù)最易損傷的器官是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.腎B.輸尿管C.結(jié)腸D.尿道E.直腸（）61、膀胱腫瘤最常見的臨床表現(xiàn)是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.鏡下血尿B.腰骶部疼痛C.尿頻、尿急、尿痛D.間歇性肉眼血尿E.排尿困難和尿潴留（）62、屬巴比妥類的靜脈麻醉藥是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.硫噴妥鈉B.咪達唑侖C.羥丁酸鈉D.依托咪酯E.丙泊酚（）63、手術(shù)后腹脹主要原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.細菌代謝產(chǎn)生的氣體增多B.血液內(nèi)的氣體彌散到腸腔內(nèi)C.腸道功能受抑制D.關(guān)腹后氣體受熱膨脹E.吞咽的氣體增多（）64、縮窄性心包炎的手術(shù)治療時機是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.確診后即手術(shù)B.用抗結(jié)核藥物治療半年及血沉正常后手術(shù)C.待肝功能恢復正常后手術(shù)D.用利尿藥，等胸腔積液、腹水消失后手術(shù)E.感染控制后手術(shù)（）65、妊娠合并巨幼紅細胞性貧血的主要治療措施為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.加強營養(yǎng)，多吃水果蔬菜B.補充鐵劑C.補充葉酸或維生素BD.補充蛋白E.少量多次輸血（）66、單純性腎病和腎炎性腎病的主要區(qū)別是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.腎功能B.大量蛋白尿C.低蛋白血癥程度D.血膽固醇量E.水腫程度（）67、10～20kg體重小兒手術(shù)期間每小時正常維持量(ml)是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.kg×4B.kg×2C.kg+40D.kg×4+20E.kg×2+20（）68、誤吸后不必要的處理是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.激素治療B.呼吸興奮劑C.支氣管沖洗D.PEEP通氣E.右側(cè)臥頭低腳高位（）69、下列情況屬于"泵吸效應"的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)麻醉藥隨溫度上升而輸出濃度增加B.大氣壓降低使蒸發(fā)器輸出濃度增加C.氧化亞氮可以使其他吸入麻醉藥肺內(nèi)濃度增加D.麻醉回路的氣道負壓使蒸發(fā)器輸出濃度增加E.間歇正壓機械通氣時，蒸發(fā)器輸出濃度增加（）70、繼發(fā)性腹膜炎的腹痛特點是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.陣發(fā)性腹痛B.逐漸加重的陣發(fā)性腹痛C.劇烈持續(xù)性全腹痛，原發(fā)部位顯著D.伴有高熱E.疼痛與進食無關(guān)（）71、吸入恒定濃度的氧化亞氮，其被血液攝取的速率MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.恒定B.與濃度無關(guān)C.依賴于溫度D.逐漸減少E.逐漸增加（）72、靜脈麻醉誘導氣管插管時，靜注利多卡因抑制氣管內(nèi)插管所致的心血管反應的劑量為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.0.5mg/kgB.1mg/kgC.1.5mg/kgD.1.8mg/kgE.2mg/kg（）73、關(guān)于肌松藥藥效的敘述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.低溫使非去極化肌松藥的作用時效延長B.局麻藥增強非去極化肌松藥作用C.呼吸性酸中毒時肌松藥作用增強D.氨茶堿對非去極化肌松藥有抵抗E.低鉀血癥可減弱非去極化肌松藥的作用（）74、子宮頸癌擴大根治術(shù)要求阻滯平面達到MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.TB.TC.TD.TE.T（）75、經(jīng)鼻氣管插管的特有并發(fā)癥是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.氣管導管誤入食管B.插管反應C.呼吸道損傷D.導管折屈E.上頜竇炎（）76、提示全肺功能未明顯受損的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.最大通氣量低于預計值的49%B.殘氣量超過肺總量的49%C.彌散功能降低49%D.第一秒時間肺活量大于2LE.第一秒時間肺活量低于肺活量的49%（）77、營養(yǎng)不良的人硫噴妥鈉靜脈誘導易過量主要的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.血漿白蛋白減少B.體內(nèi)脂肪量減少C.體重減輕D.心肺功能差E.血容量減少（）78、房顫對循環(huán)功能的干擾主要為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.減少心室充盈B.影響心肌血流C.增加心臟做功D.干擾心室收縮E.影響血液回心（）79、肺氣腫病人應用吸入麻醉時可表現(xiàn)為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.誘導快、蘇醒快B.誘導慢、蘇醒快C.誘導快、蘇醒慢D.誘導蘇醒均慢E.誘導蘇醒均無變化（）80、麻醉中降低外周血管阻力更有利于MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.房間隔缺損B.二尖瓣狹窄C.二尖瓣關(guān)閉不全D.法洛四聯(lián)癥E.室間隔缺損（）81、藥物間藥代學相互作用不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.影響吸收B.影響藥物對靶位的作用C.影響分布D.影響藥物代謝E.影響排泄（）82、［HCO］/PaCO是決定血液pH的兩個最重要的因素，其正常比值為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.15：1B.20：1C.25：1D.30：1E.35：1（）83、急性肺水腫病人，提高SpO最有效的機械通氣治療是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.PEEP或CPAPB.IPPVC.SIMVD.IRVE.提高FiO（）84、為能較好反映心臟溫度，探頭應放置在MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.食管開口處B.食管的上1/3C.食管正中D.食管的下1/3E.賁門上方（）85、體外循環(huán)心內(nèi)直視手術(shù)中，ACT的維持范圍一般是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.100～150秒B.150～250秒C.250～300秒D.300～400秒E.>480秒（）86、氣管導管的套囊內(nèi)壓不超過MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.15mmHgB.20mmHgC.25mmHgD.30mmHgE.35mmHg（）87、低氧血癥伴高二氧化碳血癥的慢性呼吸衰竭患者適宜的鼻吸氧氣濃度為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.25%～30%B.35%～40%C.40%～50%D.50%～60%E.60%～80%（）88、危重病人腸外營養(yǎng)要求每日熱量為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.5～10kcal/kgB.10～20kcal/kgC.20～30kcal/kgD.30～40kcal/kgE.40～50kcal/kg（）89、急性失血時，機體的早期代償反應，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.心率加快B.外周血管收縮C.抗利尿激素和醛固酮分泌增加D.細胞內(nèi)液移向血管內(nèi)E.組織間液移向血管內(nèi)（）90、肝功能障礙時容易出血的主要原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.肝素產(chǎn)生增多B.凝血因子產(chǎn)生減少C.酶的滅活作用減弱D.靜脈血管壓力增加E.側(cè)支循環(huán)代償性增加（）91、有關(guān)肩周炎的敘述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.50歲以上女性多發(fā)B.無自愈傾向C.發(fā)病與肩部慢性勞損有關(guān)D.為肩關(guān)節(jié)周圍軟組織的無菌性炎癥E.主要表現(xiàn)為肩關(guān)節(jié)的疼痛與功能障礙（）92、多系統(tǒng)和（或）多器官衰竭最常見的發(fā)生順序是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.胃腸、肺、腎、心B.腦、肺、腎、血液C.肺、腎、心、腦D.肝、腎、胃腸、肺E.腎、心、胃腸、肺（）93、新生兒窒息的母體因素包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.早產(chǎn)B.分娩期用藥C.胎糞吸入D.多胎E.先天性畸形（）94、增加FiO仍不能提高PaO或肺泡．動脈氧分壓差明顯增加時應考慮MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.ARDSB.肺水腫C.呼吸道梗阻D.肺淤血E.血氣胸（）95、不是與肥胖相關(guān)的技術(shù)困難有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.靜脈穿刺困難B.面罩加壓通氣困難C.氣管插管困難D.血壓低不易測出E.神經(jīng)阻滯困難（）96、患者，男，44歲，急性膽囊炎，T行硬膜外隙阻滯，注入1.5%利多卡因15ml3分鐘后，病人血壓突然降為0，呼吸、心搏驟停，可能的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.局部麻醉藥過敏B.局部麻醉藥中毒C.全脊髓麻醉D.廣泛硬膜外阻滯E.膽-心反射（）97、患者，男，36歲，哮喘持續(xù)狀態(tài)1天，動脈血氣分析pH7.18，PaCO70mmHg，PaO50mmHg,BE為+3mmol/L,HCO26mmol/L，其酸堿失常的類型是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.呼吸性酸中毒B.代謝性酸中毒C.呼吸性堿中毒并代謝性酸中毒D.呼吸性堿中毒E.代謝性堿中毒（）98、患者，女，44歲，胸外傷2小時，查體：心率110次／分，呼吸36次／分，血壓84／62mmHg，左胸脹滿，觸到皮下氣腫，氣管向右側(cè)移位，叩診鼓音，左側(cè)呼吸音消失，急救處理的方法是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.吸氧B.立即胸腔排氣C.氣管插管D.應用升壓藥E.輸血抗休克（）99、患者，男，29歲，體重70kg，全身麻醉下行二尖瓣置換術(shù)。體外循環(huán)血液復溫時，水、血溫差不宜超過MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.4～5℃B.6～7℃C.8～10℃D.11～12℃E.13～14℃（）100、患者，女，46歲，全麻下行胃癌根治術(shù)，近期因風濕接受潑尼松8周，術(shù)中不明原因血壓下降，心力增快達140次／分，表情淡漠，處理時應首先MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.加深麻醉B.靜注氫化可的松C.靜脈注射西地蘭D.快速輸液E.應用麻黃堿（）101、麻醉期間產(chǎn)婦死亡最常見的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.低血壓B.局麻藥中毒C.呼吸抑制D.大出血E.嘔吐和誤吸（）102、氣管內(nèi)插管時氣道無效腔量的變化MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.減少約50%B.增加約50%C.減少約25%D.增加約25%E.無明顯變化（）103、有關(guān)依托咪酯靜脈麻醉的敘述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.起效快，病人可在一次臂一腦循環(huán)內(nèi)入睡B.其效能約為硫噴妥鈉的12倍C.常用誘導為劑量0.25～0.3mg/kgD.心血管系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定是突出優(yōu)點E.持續(xù)靜脈滴注可單獨用于麻醉維持（）104、定位棘突的體表標志錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.兩肩胛下角連線為T棘突B.頸部最大突起的棘突為CC.兩肩胛岡內(nèi)側(cè)連線為T棘突D.兩髂嵴最高點連線為L棘突E.髂后上棘連線為S骶椎（）105、麻醉期間低血壓的常見原因不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.低血容量B.椎管內(nèi)麻醉平面過高C.藥物的作用D.鎮(zhèn)痛不全E.手術(shù)機械壓迫（）106、術(shù)中患者發(fā)生嘔吐和反流時，正確的處理是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.立即進行輔助呼吸B.立即氣管插管C.立即將病人置于頭低足高位，并將頭轉(zhuǎn)向一側(cè)，同時將反流物吸出D.立即予支氣管解痙藥及抗生素E.立即壓迫環(huán)狀軟骨以防止胃內(nèi)容物進一步進入咽部（）107、氣管插管后病人呈難以解釋的低氧血癥，錯誤的措施是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.檢查氣管導管位置B.聽診呼吸音C.查看呼氣末二氧化碳D.檢查氧氣源E.立即拔出氣管導管，檢查后重新置入（）108、判斷循環(huán)血量最可靠的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.尿量及比重B.脈壓C.脈搏D.中心靜脈壓E.病史（）109、呼吸過速是指呼吸頻率超過MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.20次／分B.30次／分C.40次／分D.50次／分E.60次／分（）110、體位對呼吸生理的影響，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.從仰臥位轉(zhuǎn)為俯臥位時，平均動、靜態(tài)肺順應性都降低B.清醒側(cè)臥位，下肺血液量>上肺血液量而下肺通氣量<上肺通氣量C.直立位自主呼吸時，功能余氣量和肺總量都增加D.全身麻醉側(cè)臥位，正壓通氣時，上肺灌流比下肺差，但通氣較好E.全身麻醉側(cè)臥位時肺功能殘氣量無明顯減少（）111、有關(guān)腦疝的敘述，錯誤的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.意識障礙逐漸加深B.患側(cè)瞳孔散大C.患側(cè)對光反射消失D.患側(cè)肢體癱瘓E.血壓升高、脈率變慢及呼吸減慢（）112、顱內(nèi)壓增高的患者，最危險的因素為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.未絕對臥床B.應用利尿藥不規(guī)則C.沒有高滲脫水D.腰椎穿刺放出腦脊液E.沒有給予地塞米松（）113、脊柱側(cè)彎畸形患者的呼吸功能障礙的特點是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.主要表現(xiàn)阻塞性呼吸障礙B.主要表現(xiàn)限制性呼吸障礙C.主要表現(xiàn)彌散功能障礙D.肺間質(zhì)水腫引起肺內(nèi)分流增加E.功能殘氣量增加（）114、TURP手術(shù)時麻醉平面應達到MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.TB.TC.TD.TE.T（）115、門靜脈高壓病人為減少手術(shù)麻醉危險性，術(shù)前血紅蛋白應達到MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.60g/LB.80g/LC.90g/LD.100g/LE.120g/L（）116、腎功能不全的病人，最適宜的肌松藥為MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.瑞庫溴銨B.三碘季銨酚C.哌庫溴銨D.琥珀膽堿E.阿曲庫銨（）117、合并有呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病的病人術(shù)中出現(xiàn)支氣管痙攣時，處理不恰當?shù)氖荕ACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.加深麻醉B.靜脈給予β興奮藥C.靜脈注射地塞米松D.改機械通氣為手控通氣E.積極吸痰（）118、可用于二、三度房室傳導阻滯的藥物是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.多巴胺B.去甲腎上腺素C.異丙腎上腺素D.腎上腺素E.麻黃堿（）119、腹腔鏡手術(shù)時，人工氣腹的影響不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.肺順應性增加B.呼氣末CO分壓不升高C.心排血量下降D.術(shù)后惡心嘔吐發(fā)生率較高E.胃內(nèi)壓升高，有胃液反流趨向（）120、患者，女，30歲，腰麻下行卵巢囊腫剝除術(shù)，注藥5分鐘后，阻滯平面較高，脈搏由78次／分降至55次／分。心動過緩的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.迷走神經(jīng)反射性興奮B.心交感神經(jīng)抑制C.麻醉前用藥用量過大D.低血壓E.循環(huán)時間延長（）121、患者，男，67歲，硬膜外阻滯下經(jīng)尿道行前列腺切除術(shù)。手術(shù)開始60分鐘后，患者煩躁不安，輕度呼吸困難，血壓升高，心率減慢。最可能原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展開]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替換]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[刪除]A.心肌梗死B.手術(shù)出血較多C.血容量過多D.麻醉效果不佳E.體位不合適（）122、患者，男，48歲，膽囊炎、膽石癥合并肝硬化，氣管內(nèi)麻醉下行膽囊切除術(shù)。術(shù)