山東省聊城市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末考試 英語 含答案

2023—2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測高二英語試題本試卷分四部分，共12頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhichfilmdoesMikeprefer?A.Thehorrorfilm.B.Thesciencefictionfilm.C.Thehistoricalfilm.2.WhatisprobablyChris?A.Acook.B.Ajournalist.C.Ateacher.3.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Tomakeanapology.B.Toaskhertocollectchildren.C.Tocomplainaboutthedelayedtrain.4.WhatisTomdoing?A.Tidyingsummerhomework.B.Preparingforfinaltests.C.Writinghisassignment.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aheavysmoker.B.Anewbuilding.C.Aterriblefire.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersquarrellingover?A.Whethertoraiseapetrabbit.B.Whichsouvenirtochoose.C.Howtospendmoneyontravelling.7.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Friends.C.Colleagues.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Tohavetheshowerturnedoff.B.Tohavethetoiletcleaned.C.Togettheroomchecked.9.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardstheexplanation?A.Supportive.B.Dissatisfied.C.Uncaring.10.Whyisitsohotintheroom?A.Airconditioningfailstoworkwell.B.Powerhasbeenshutoff.C.Theroomistoosmall.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthestreet.B.Intheoffice.C.Onthephone.12.WhywillMrs.Whitebelate?A.Shehadanaccident.B.Sheisstuckintraffic.C.Shelostherway.13.WhenwillMrs.Whitearrive?A.Atabout10:30am.B.Atabout11:00am.C.Atabout11:30am.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.What'swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasaheartache.B.Hehasachestpain.C.Hehasarunningnose.15.Whendidthesymptomsbegin?A.Threedaysago.B.Thismorning.C.Lastweek.16.Whatdoesthewomanarrangefortheman?A.Anonlineconsultation.B.Anurgentoperation.C.Amedicaltest.17.Whatdidthemanplantodotonight?A.Haveabigmeal.B.Orderaticket.C.Bookarestaurant.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakerintroducing?A.Aworkbook.B.Anexperiment.C.Anactivity.19.Whatarethelistenerssupposedtodofirst?A.Starttheexperimentthemselves.B.Chooseexperimentsandactivities.C.ReadChapterOneoftheworkbook.20.Howshouldthelistenersfinishthe“Activities”section?A.Intheirownway.B.Withtheteacher'shelp.C.Byfollowinginstructions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAboutSalonWhatwedoSalonhasdriventhenationalconversationsince1995throughfearlessjournalismdistributedacrossS,SalonTV,socialmedia,newsplatforms,emailnewslettersandmobileapps.Weprovidethoroughanalysisandleadin-depthconversations;weentertainmentourreaders,challengeconventionalwisdomandcelebrateinnovationwithhumanity.Salon'saward-winningcontent,includingourflagshipshow“SalonTalks”,reachesanaudienceofabout10millionmonthlyuniquevisitors.Becomeamember!Benefits:Completelyad-free;Accesstomembers-onlynewsletters;Bookmarkarticlesandrecipes;Night-visionmode.$9.95PERMONTH$95PERYEAR(Subscribe)(Subscribe)ContactMediaInquiriesMembersofthepressandbookers:Ifyou'dliketospeaktoarepresentativeofSalonforanarticleorbookamediaappearance,pleaseemailusatpress@salon.com.

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SharingandSyndicationNewspapers,magazines,websites,bookpublishersandbroadcastmediashouldemailusatsyndication@.Requestsmustincludethearticle,title,writer'snameandyourintendeduse.Salon'sprogressive,independentjournalismgrowswithyoursupportWeneedyoursupporttostayindependent—fromtheimpactsofalgorithms(算法)andadmarkets,andfromthehandfulofbigmediacompaniesandbillionairesthatnowownmostU.S.mediaoutlets.Withmoremembers,wecanpursuethereportingandanalysisthatyouneedmost.21.WhatcanweknowaboutSalon?A.Ithasahistoryofoverthreedecades.B.Itmainlyfocusesonentertainmentcontent.C.Itisanoutstandingdigitalmediachannel.D.Itprovidesmembers-onlynewslettersforregularvisitors.22.WhataddresswillbeusedifathirdpartywantstoshareSalon'sarticle?A.press@.B.ekeane@.C.readermail@.D.syndication@.23.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A.TointroduceSalon'srecentprogress.B.Toencouragemoreusersubscriptions.C.ToinformreadersofSalon'soperation.D.TopromoteaneweditorialteamatSalon.BKatalinKarikualongwithhercolleagueDrewWeissmanwontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2023forthedevelopmentofmRNAtechnology.KarikuwasborninJanuary1955,inasmallvillageinHungary.Shehadanambitionfromearlyontobecomeascientist.Asayoungadult,shebecameinterestedinmessengerRNA,whichcarriesDNAinstructionstotheprotein-makingengineofcells.ShehopedthatmRNAcouldplayakeyroleinthetreatmentofvariousdiseases.Itbecamehermissiontomakeherdreamarealitytohelpcurepatients.However,Karikufacedashortageoffundingforherresearchinhercountry,andshethenfacedthechoiceofstoppinganddoingsomethingnotconnectedtohermissionorcontinuingherresearchatthepriceofhavingtoleavehercountry.Aftersearchingforpostsandscholarshipsworldwide,KarikuacceptedanofferfromTempleUniversityinPhiladelphiaforapostdoctoralfellowship.Karikuandherhusbandgaveupeverythingtheyhadintheirhomelandandboughtaone-waytickettotheU.S.,wheretheyknewnoone.Shewasinitiallyontracktobecomeafullprofessorbutreceivedrepeatedfundrejections.Undeterredbytheproblemsandchallenges,shechosetocontinueherresearch.Byfocusingonwhatmatteredtohereveryday,she“accidentally”metherworkpartnerDrewWeissmanwhowasalsointerestedinmRNA.TheyteameduptoworkonmRNAandpublishedpapersabouttheirgroundbreakingdiscoveryforyears.Thenthepandemichittheworld.ThechangedmRNAtechnologyKarikuandWeissmaninventedwasthenusedinvaccines(疫苗)thatpreventedtheinfectioneffectively.Kariku’slifeisatestament(證明)tofindingone’spassionandthenpursuingiteverysingleday.Manyofusknowwhatwearefondof,butwearenotgoodself-motivatorsonadailybasis.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutKarikufromparagraph2?A.Shehadatolerantmind.B.Shelongedtobeadoctor.C.Shewasfondofworldtours.D.Shehadaclearsenseofpurpose.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“Undeterredby”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Notdiscouragedby.B.Beingunawareof.C.Notmotivatedby.D.Beingashamedof.26.WhatisprobablythemaincontributionofKariku?A.SimplifyingthemRNAtechnology.B.MakingthestructureofmRNAclear.C.Developingavaccineforaseriousdisease.D.LayingthegroundworkformRNAvaccines.27.WhatlessoncanwelearnfromKariku'ssuccess?A.Nothingseek,nothingfind.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.D.Necessityisthemotherofinvention.CAIsystemscannowlearnandusehumanlanguage,buttheylearnfromastronomicalamountsoflanguageinput—muchmorethanchildrenreceivewhenlearninghowtounderstandandspeakalanguage.ThebestAIsystemsaretrainedontextdatasetscontainingtrillionsofwords,whereaschildrenreceivejustmillionsperyear.ButarecentstudysuggestsAIsystemscanacquiresomelanguagewithasmallsetofclues.Researcherstookadvantageofanexistinglibraryofcamerafootagethatcapturedonebaby'sexperience.ThebabynamedSamworeaheadcam(頭戴式設(shè)備)for61hoursbetweentheagesofsixmonthsand25months.TheheadcamrecordedvideoandaudiowhileSamtookpartinactivitiesincludingplaying,eatingandreading.TheresearchersfedtheirAImodelindividualvideoimagesandawrittentextofwhatpeopleweresayingatthattime.Theywonderedwhatthemodelwouldlearnandwhetheritcouldprovideinsightsintothelanguageacquisitionprocessinchildren.Acrossmultipletests,theAImodelcorrectlymatchedwordswithimages62percentofthetime.TheAIwasalsoabletomatchwordsithadlearnedwithrepresentativeimagesthatithadneverseenbefore,suchasacommonimageofanapple,about35percentofthetime.Wordsincluding“car”and“sand”werefrequentlyrecognizedbytheAI,butitstruggledwithobjectsthatmighthavemorevariations,suchas“room”.“Thefindingsdemonstratehowsomeaspectsofwordmeaningarelearnablebyassociation.However,thestudydidn’tprovehowchildrenactuallyacquirewords,”JoshuaTenenbaum,ascientistwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,says.“Thestudyalsofocusedjustonthenamesofobjects—itdidn’tshowthattheAIcouldlearnaboutverbs,structuresandotheraspectsoflanguagethroughtherecordings,”anotherscientistadds.Withfutureresearch,similarstudiesoflearningcouldpullbackthecurtainonthemysteriousprocessoflanguageacquisition.28.WhatphenomenonaboutAIsystemsandchildrenismainlydescribedinparagraph1?A.Thedatagapinlanguageacquisition.B.Sharpdistinctionsinlanguagelearningability.C.Thedifficultyofprocessinglargenumbersofwords.D.Inaccessibilityofcertaindatasetsonlanguagelearning.29.HowdoestheAImodellearnlanguageinthestudy?A.ByreadingandplayingwithSamfor61hours.B.BycommunicatingwithSamforseveralmonths.C.ByanalyzingalargenumberofwordsspokenbySam.D.ByengaginginSam'sdailyexperiencesthroughrecordings.30.WhichofthefollowingwordsmighttheAImodelmostprobablystruggletomatch?A.Bottle.B.Banana.C.Toy.D.Car.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thelimitationsofthestudy.B.Differentaspectsoflanguage.C.ImprovementsoftheAlmodel.D.Thedirectionsforfurtherstudy.DJustlikeanyotherlivingthing,plantscangetstressed.Usually,it'sconditionslikeheatanddroughtthatleadtothisstress,andwhenthey'restressed,plantsmightnotgrowaslargeorproduceasmuch.Manyscientistshavetriedgeneticallychangingplants.Butplantschangedforhighercropoutputtendtohavealowerstresstolerancebecausetheyputmoreenergyintogrowththanintoprotectionagainststresses.Similarly,improvingtheabilityofplantstosurvivestressoftenresultsinplantsthatproducelessbecausetheyputmoreenergyintoprotectionthanintogrowth.Ourlabinsteadfocusesonhowplantsandbacteriasenseethylene(乙烯)andhowitinteractswithotherchemicalstoregulateplantdevelopment.Forthisexperiment,weexposedtheseedstoethylenegasforseveraldaysinthedarktoseewhateffectthismighthave.Aftergatheringdataontheseseedlings(youngplants),wetransferredthemtoaplacewithmuchlight.Severaldayslater,somelabmembersunexpectedlyobservedthattheplantsbrieflytreatedwithethylenehadlargerleavesaswellasstrongerrootsystemsthanplantsthathadnotbeenexposedtoethylene.Theseplantscontinuedgrowingatafasterratethroughouttheirwholelifetime.Butwhatmadeourobservationevenmorepleasingisthatthebriefethylenetreatmentalsoincreasedtolerancetovariousstressessuchashightemperatureandlowoxygenconditions.Long-termeffectsongrowthandstresstolerancefrombriefexposuretoastimulus(刺激物)areoftencalledprimingeffects(啟動效應(yīng)).Sowhat'stheunderlyinglogic?Whatwe'vefoundisthatethyleneincreasesphotosynthesis(aprocessbywhichplantsgainchemicalenergyfrominorganicmatters).Partofphotosynthesisincludeswhatiscalledcarbonfixation,whereplantspullcarbonfromtheatmosphereandusetheCO?asbuildingblockstomakesugarstofueltheiractivities.Understandingthisismoreimportantthaneverandcouldhelpimprovecropproductiontofeedtheworld'spopulation.32.Whatisthechallengefacedbyscientistsbehindgeneticallychangedplants?A.Guaranteeingahealthyenvironmentfortheplants.B.Balancingplants'productivityandstressresistance.C.Raisingsurvivalratesofgeneticallychangedplants.D.Identifyingstressfactorsaffectinggeneticallychangedplants.33.Whatservesasastimulusintheauthor'sexperiment?A.Ethylene.B.Bacteria.C.Darkness.D.Sunlight.34.Whatistheroleofcarbonfixationinphotosynthesis?A.ItchangessugarsintoCO?.B.Itmakesplantsabsorbmuchsunlight.C.IthelpsplantsgenerateenergyfromCO?.D.Itenhancestheprocessofethylenepriming.35.Whichoffollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhydoSomePlantsHaveaHigherStressLevel?B.EmployingaChemicalEarlyonMayHelpFeedtheWorldC.HowdoPrimingEffectsIncreasePhotosynthesisinPlants?D.ExposuretoEthyleneisaGoodWaytoProtectPlants第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howdoyourespondwhensomeoneelsesetsaboundary?Youmightheartheword“boundaries”andimaginewallsthatseparateyoufromotherpeople.Inasense,that'strue.Butboundariesaren’tnecessarilyabadthing.Infact,they’reanimportantingredientinhealthyandbalancedrelationships.36You'renottheonlyonewhocansetboundaries.37Perhapsyoufeellikeyou'rebeingscoldedor“putinyourplace”.Youmaynoticesomenegativeemotionsrushingtothesurfaceasyoutrytoimmediatelydefendyouractions.Keepinmindthatyouarenotlosinganythingbutgainingknowledgeofwhatmakesthepersoninyourlifefeelsafeandhappy.38Ifyou'refeelingupset,deep,slowbreathingcancalmyournervoussystem's“fightorflight”response.Thismakesiteasierforyoutoreceiveinformationratherthanprepareforanargument.Rememberthatyoubothhaveyourownwayofprocessingandfeelingemotions.Trynottoassumewhatyourpartnerneedsbeforetheysayitoutloud.39Apologizewhennecessary.You'reonlyhuman,andweallmakemistakes.Maybeyouaccidentallyoversteppedaboundarybymakinganoffensivejokeoroversharingwhenyou'vebeenaskednotto.40Askforclarityifyoufeelyouneedit.Bylearningtoacceptandacknowledgeotherpeople'sboundaries,youcanstarttothinkabouthowyoucanimproveyourownconnectionswithothers.Ultimately,effectiveboundariescanleaveyoubothfeelingempoweredandresultinahealthier,moresatisfyingrelationship.A.Taketimetobreatheandlisten.B.Whensomeonevoicesarestriction,youmightfeelasenseofshameorfrustration.C.Allowthemspacetovoicetheirneedsandwants.D.Whensomeonereaffirmstheboundary,behumbleenoughtoapologizeforyourmistake.E.You’llneedtoadjustitascircumstanceschangeandrelationshipsgrow.F.They'realsoacrucialpartofmaintainingmentalhealthandphysicalwell-being.G.Learninghowtosetandmaintainboundariescanchangemanyaspectsofyourlife.第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThelastthingMatthewsrememberedbeforewakingupinthehospitalwasridingalongaquietstreet.ItwaslatelastSeptemberandMatthewswas41fortheIronmanWorldChampionship,duetotakeplaceinHawaii10dayslater.“Infact,thisparticularstreetwasmyfavourite,butthatsounds42now,”the31-yearoldsaid.Herteammateshadto43heronwhathadhappened.“Initially,youjustgotupstraightawayandstartedmovingaround,44usthatyouwerefinetogoon,”oneteammaterecalled.“Idon’t45anyofthat,”Matthewssmiled.“You’dactually46thecarsoperfectlythatitbrokethethickestboneaboveyourneck,”theteammatecontinued.Manypeoplewouldthinktwiceabouttheirchoiceof47afteradisastrousepisodelikethat.ButMatthewsisclearlynotthe48person.Afterjustafewdaysinhospital,sheinsistedon49andflewtoHawaiianyway.Matthews50herfellowathletewhobeatothercompetitorsandclaimedthegold,anddreamtitmightbeherobtainingthe51soon.Despitesomeissues,Matthewsis52awaitingthecomingintensivewintertraining.Shemakesitsoundasifsheisrecoveringfroma(n)53wound.Infact,whatsheisattempting——her54isbeingmadeintoadocumentarybytheProfessionalTriathletesOrganization—impressesalargeaudience.Anybystandermaythinkthe55isenoughforhertobackoffforalongtime!ButMatthewssmiles,“I’mjustgoingtokeepdoingwhatI’mdoing.”41.A.shoppingB.travellingC.volunteeringD.training42.A.reasonableB.tolerableC.laughableD.serious43.A.consultB.congratulateC.updateD.evaluate44.A.remindingB.convincingC.cautioningD.recommending45.A.acknowledgeB.believeC.mindD.remember46.A.ruinedB.hitC.drivenD.maintained47.A.careersB.teammatesC.hospitalsD.competitors48.A.averageB.exceptionalC.selfishD.disciplined49.A.cancelingoutB.pullingtogetherC.checkingoutD.gettingacross50.A.comfortedB.cheeredC.replacedD.instructed51.A.approvalB.supportC.appointmentD.title52.A.initiallyB.gratefullyC.eagerlyD.fortunately53.A.insignificantB.sensitiveC.severeD.unidentifiable54.A.breakdownB.comebackC.withdrawalD.injury55.A.recoveryB.newsC.failureD.incident第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)根據(jù)提示完成句子，在答題卡相應(yīng)位置填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)耐暾麊卧~，注意所填單詞的形式。56.Agroupof80soldiersl(發(fā)起)anall-outattackjustbeforedawn.57.Inremoteregions,theairisp(潔凈的)andthecropsarefreeofpoisonousinsecticides.58.Theexercisesaredesignedtos(加強)yourstomachmuscles.59.In2018,herentirelifes(積蓄)weredonatedtoherhometowninMulanCounty.60.Hewastheinnocentv(受害者)ofaveryviolentmurder.第三節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Blue-and-whiteporcelainisprobablyagoodexampleoftheglobalmarketintheancientworld.ThisChineseceramic(陶瓷的)variety61(gain)aglobalreputationduringtheYuanDynastyandoverthefollowingcenturies,becameoneofthecountry'ssignature62(product)ontheflourishingMaritimeSilkRoad.AsoneofthetypicalvarietiesfromChina,blue-and-whiteporcelainisfamousforitsdelicateunderglazepatterns.63(interesting),itsoriginandevolutionowemuchtoforeigninfluencesinmaterialsandtechniques.Theblue-and-whitestyleflourishedduringthe13thto14thcenturies.Initsearlystages,itreliedon64(import)cobalt(鈷)paintknownas“SamarraBlue”65“SumatraBlue”,whichcontainedahigherpercentageofirondioxide,66(result)inthedistinctbluehue.Overtime,Chineseartisanssoughtlocalminesandsuccessfullyformulatednativepigments(顏料).Theyexperimentedbyblendinglocalandimportedrawmaterials67(create)pigmentsthatnotonlywereinline68butalsoshapedaestheticpreferencesatthetime.With69craftsmanshipandtechniquesadvanced,blue-and-whiteporcelainproducedduringtheKangxiera(16621722)oftheQing