2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)分層作業(yè)10Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅠ含解析新人教版選修6

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十)SectionⅠ(建議用時(shí)：30分鐘)[高考題型練習(xí)提實(shí)力]Ⅰ．閱讀理解AMotherNatureisacruelmistress．Why?Readontofindtheanswer．VeniceThisiconiccityissinkingrapidly．ThecanalsthatmakeupthestreetsofVenicerise2mmeveryyear，makingrelicsofhistorygounderthesurfaceofwateranddestroyingarchitecture．Expertswarnthatwithoutintervention(干預(yù))，thiscitywilldisappearbackintothewateratanevenfasterrate，consumedbyrisingsealevelfrommeltingpolaricecaps．MachuPicchuTheseIncanruinshavedrawnadventuroustouristsintothemountainsofSouthAmerica．Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarkfacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic．ThePeruviangovernmentrecentlysuggestedacablecarthatwouldcutouttheintensehikeuptotheruins，makingthesiteinstantlyaccessibletomillions，butthefutureofMachuPicchuremainsuncertain．GlacierPerhapsyou'veheardthattheicecapsaremelting．ButnowhereismoreapparentintheUnitedStatesthaninGlacierNationalPark．Estimatesindicatethattheglaciersthatarepartofthebeautyofthisnationallandmarkwilldisappearentirelyinthenexttwodecades．TheGreatBarrierReefHiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves，theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff．Nearlyfiftypercentofcoralwhichonceoccupiedalargeareaisgone，destroyedbypollutionanddisease．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了世界上面臨消逝的幾個(gè)旅游勝地。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutMachuPicchu?A．Ithasnoconvenienttraffic．B．It'sfamousforcablecars．C．It'swellpreservedbythelocals．D．Itbearsaheavyburdenoftourism．D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MachuPicchu部分中的“Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarkfacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic．”可知，旅游業(yè)給該地帶來(lái)了破壞，即帶來(lái)了沉重的生存負(fù)擔(dān)。故選D。]2．Whichplaceprobablyneedsvisitorstodiveintothewatertoenjoyitsbeauty?A．Venice．B．MachuPicchu．C．GlacierNationalPark．D．TheGreatBarrierReef．D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TheGreatBarrierReef部分中的“Hiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves”可知，該地可能須要游客潛入水中才能享受其美景。故選D。]3．Whatdotheaboveattractionshaveincommon?A．Theyallhavealonghistory．B．They'reallthreatenedbyclimatechange．C．They'reallindangerofdisappearing．D．They'reallwell-knownfornaturalscenery．C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)Venice部分中的“thiscitywilldisappearbackintothewateratanevenfasterrate”，MachuPicchu部分中的“thefutureofMachuPicchuremainsuncertain”，GlacierNationalPark部分中的“theglaciersthatarepartofthebeautyofthisnationallandmarkwilldisappearentirelyinthenexttwodecades”及TheGreatBarrierReef部分中的“theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff”可推知，這幾處旅游勝地的共同點(diǎn)是它們都面臨消逝。文章第一段的內(nèi)容也是示意，故選C。]BPollution'sseriouseffectsontheenvironmenthavebecomemoreobviousinrecentyears．Mostscientistsagreethateffortsarenecessarytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm．Asweknow，theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution．Sogreenbuildingsareingreatneed．Theenvironmentalbenefitsofgreenbuildingsincludetheprotectionofecosystemsandbiodiversity(生物多樣性)，improvedairandwaterquality，lesswasteflowingintostreamsandtheprotectionofnaturalresources．Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairquality，improvingthehealthofpeoplewholivethere．Theprocessofbuildinggreenhousesincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind．Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw．Inaddition，recycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildings，reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialslongdistances．Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize(使削減到最低限度)humaneffectsonthesurroundingenvironment．Forexample，placingastructureinanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes(微風(fēng))andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses．Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingsaswell，soitisimportanttobuildthesmallones．Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts．Theseroofsarepartiallyorcompletelycoveredwithplants，whichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcostslow，preventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants．Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenincludeenergyandwaterprotection，recyclingandwastereduction．Inaddition，renewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower，waterpowerandwindpowerareusedforheatandelectricity，whichgreatlyreducescostsanddecreasestheinfluenceontheenvironment．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了綠色建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)和特色。4．Whatcanweknowaboutgreenbuildings?A．Producingnowaste．B．Onlyusingcleanenergy．C．Beingmadeofnewmaterials．D．Beingenvironment-friendly．D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)對(duì)全文的整體理解特殊是第三段的內(nèi)容可推知，綠色建筑整體上是環(huán)保的，故選D。]5．Whatisagreenbuildingprobablylikeaccordingtothefifthparagraph?A．Large． B．Small．C．Green． D．Low．B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段最終一句“Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingaswell，soitisimportanttobuildthesmallones”可推知，綠色建筑應(yīng)當(dāng)傾向于小型建筑，而非高樓大廈，故選B。]6．Whatisthepurposeofusinggreenroofs?A．Tofittheenvironment．B．Tokeepwarm．C．Tocollectnaturewater．D．Toreducecosts．D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts”可知，綠色屋頂可以降低能源運(yùn)用和成本，故選D。]7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Promotingenergyefficiency．B．Environmentalbenefits．C．Greenbuildings．D．Ecosystemsandbiodiversity．C[主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章的關(guān)鍵詞“greenbuildings”和對(duì)全文的整體理解可推知，本文主要講的是綠色建筑，故選C。]Ⅱ．閱讀七選五Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly？1Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts．CleanthetoiletwithCoke．It'samazinghowpowerfulCokemightbeasatoiletcleaner．2You'llsaveyourhealthbynotconsumingchemicalsthatCokecontainsandsavemoneybynotpurchasingprofessionalcleaners．Poursomecolaoverthestainsandleaveitallforafewhours．Thenletwaterwashthetoilet!Removewaterstainswithorangepeels．You'vejusteatenanorange．3Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels．Youcanusetheskinstocleanstainlesssteel．Yourapplianceswillshineagainafteryourub(擦)themwiththeskins．Thepeelscaneasilymakethosestubbornstainsdisappearinasecond．Usebananapeelstopolishleatherfurniture．Expertsclaimthatbananapeelsaregreatforpolishingleathersofasandarmchairs．Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask．4Afterwards，removetheleftoverwithacloth．Thistrickissimpleandcheap．Useitifyouwantyourleatherfurnituretolookbrandnewagain．5Whywouldyouwanttobuyonewhenyoucanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnon-toxic(無(wú)毒的)?Justpour2litersofslightlywarmwaterintoadeepbowl．Thenadd50mlwhitevinegarandhalfateaspoonofdishwashingliquid．Shakethebowlandthenfillupaplasticspraywiththemixture．Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors．Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny．A．Waitaminute!B．Makeyourownglasscleaner．C．Followthestepsgivenbelow．D．Ofcourseyouransweris“yes”．E．Theyleavenomarksorscratches．F．Insteadofdrinkingit，useittocleanthetoiletbowl．G．Theyareeconomicalandsafetouseonalloffurniture．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。想生活在一個(gè)干凈的生活環(huán)境中、讓一切光滑發(fā)亮嗎？那就依據(jù)以下步驟來(lái)做吧。無(wú)須購(gòu)買昂貴的清潔用品，只須要一些小妙招。1．C[依據(jù)空前的“Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly？”和空后的“Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts．”以及接下來(lái)列舉的幾條小妙招可知，C項(xiàng)“跟著以下步驟做”能起到承上啟下的作用。]2．F[本段講的是用可樂(lè)清潔廁所，故F項(xiàng)“不是喝掉可樂(lè)，而是用之清潔馬桶”符合語(yǔ)境。]3．A[依據(jù)下文中的“Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels．”可知，吃了橘子后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不銹鋼。所以選A。]4．E[依據(jù)上文中的“Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask．”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材質(zhì)也特別適合擦拭皮質(zhì)，不會(huì)留下污痕或劃痕。所以選E。]5．B[依據(jù)下文中的“youcanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnon-toxic(無(wú)毒的)．．．”“Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors．Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny．”可知，本段講的是如何自制玻璃清潔劑，故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。]Ⅲ．語(yǔ)法填空GlobalwarmingreferstothefactthattheEarth'satmosphereiswarmingnear1．(it)surface—inotherwords，it'sgettinghotter．Somescientistssayitishumanactivity2．hascausedglobalwarming．However，thereareothertheoriesaswell．Onepopulartheoryrelatestothe“greenhouseeffect”．Gasesthatmakeuptheatmospherearesimilarto3．greenhousebecausetheyallowsunlight4．(pass)through，andthentrapmuchoftheheatfrom5．(escape)．Thisnaturallyoccurringphenomenon，which6．(call)greenhousewarming，keepstheearth'ssurface7．(warm)thanitwouldbe．Whilescientistsagreethathumanproducedcompounds(化合物)likecarbondioxideandothersare