2022-2023學(xué)年山東省泰安市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年山東省泰安市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑：非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhoisMike?A.Thewoman’shusband.B.Thewoman’sfather.C.Thewoman’sson.2.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Fixhislaptop.B.Payinadvance.C.Makeaspeech.3.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.4.WhatisMarydoing?A.Writingareport.B.Callingthepolice.C.Readinganewspaper.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Alifestyle.B.Alandscape.C.Apainting.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichisthespecialoffertoday?A.Bacon.B.Friedeggs.C.Chickenrolls.7.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Awaitress.B.Acook.C.Asalesperson.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanconsiderbeautifulandamazing?A.Starfish.B.Seashells.C.Sharks.9.Whatdoesthemanexpectpeopletodo?A.Takeatriptotheislands.B.CollectrocksinHawaii.C.Respectallcreatures.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Atwhichwindowcanthemancanceltheticket?A.Window4.B.Window5.C.Window6.11.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Buyasouvenir.B.Checkintoahotel.C.Makeanapology.12.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atatrainstation.B.Inagiftshop.C.Atanairport.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanprefertodothisweekend?A.Rideabike.B.Haveabreak.C.Gocamping.14.Howwillthespeakersgotothesciencemuseum?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.15.Whendoesthesciencemuseumopen?A.At9:00.B.At8:45.C.At8:30.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WherewasJeffersonborn?A.InLouisiana.B.InVirginia.C.InWashington.18.WhatdidJeffersonstudyatcollege?A.Agriculture.B.Politics.C.Law.19.WhenwasJeffersonelectedasthepresidentofAmerica?A.In1801.B.In1807.C.In1809.20.WhatdidJeffersondoasapresident?A.HeattendedtheUSMilitaryAcademy.B.Heworkedhardtobantheslavetrade.C.Hegavefullsupporttothetaxincrease.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFactoryWorkersNeededLocation:DrummondvilleQCSalary:Upto$21anhourJobtype:Full-timeWHYJOINUS?·Permanent,full-timeposition·Shift(班次):day,evening,nightandweekendshifts·Salary:upto$21/hrdependingonskillsandexperience·Variedshiftpremium(補(bǔ)助):upto$2.5/hrdependingontheshift·Groupinsurance·RegisteredRetirementSavingsPlan·Personalandfloatingvacations/workbreak·Employeeandfamilyassistanceprogram·Safeworkenvironment·SocialactivitiesHOWWILLYOUBESPENDINGYOURTIME?Doyouliketouseyourmechanicalandmanual(體力的)skills?Wehaveagreatopportunityforyou!·Producerubber,plastic,castiron,andmetalproductswhileoperatingindustrialmachinery.·Operateequipmenttocarryoutvariousstagesofproduction.·Cutandsandparts.WHATAREWELOOKINGFOR?·Youhaveagoodmechanicalsenseandyouareamanualperson.·Youhavegoodphysicalabilitiestohandlelargeloadswithaforklift.Evenifyouhavelittleexperience,don’thesitatetosendusyourapplication.Ourteamwillbethereforyou!WHATAREYOUWAITINGFORTOAPPLY?Welookforwardtogettingtoknowyouandworkingwithyou!1.Howmuchcanaworkerinthefactoryearnatmostperhour?A.$2.5. B.$18.5. C.$21. D.$23.5.2.Whichofthefollowingbenefitsisofferedbythefactory?A.Personalinsurance. B.Doubleovertimepay.C.Flexibletimeoff. D.Shorterworkinghours.3.Whoisdisqualifiedtoapplyforthejob?A.Awell-builtdriver. B.Aweakteenager.C.Aweightlifter. D.Astrongwoman.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。是一篇工廠招工的招聘啟示，介紹了工作地點，職位，工資和福利等等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Salary部分“Upto$21anhour(最高每小時21美元)”以及Variedshiftpremium部分“upto$2.5/hrdependingontheshift(根據(jù)班次，最高可達(dá)2.5美元/小時)”可知，工廠里一個工人每小時最多能掙21+2.5=23.5美元。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WHYJOINUS?下的第七點“Personalandfloatingvacations/workbreak(個人靈活的假期/工作休息)”可知，工廠提供靈活的休假時間。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)WHATAREWELOOKINGFOR?下的“Youhaveagoodmechanicalsenseandyouareamanualperson.(你有很好的機(jī)械感，是一個動手的人)”以及“Youhavegoodphysicalabilitiestohandlelargeloadswithaforklift.(你有良好的體力使用叉車搬運(yùn)重物)”可知，工廠是在招身體健壯能開叉車的人，所以A項“Awell-builtdriver.(一個健壯的司機(jī))”符合。故選A項。BQueenElizabethisknownforherdevotiontohercountry,hercloserelationshipswithherfamilyand,mostimportantly,hercorgis.Unfortunately,overtheweekendshelostthelastofherroyalcorgis,Willow.AccordingtoTheDailyMail,the15-year-olddoghadtobeputtodeathaftersufferingacancer-relatedillness.Thismarksthefirsttimethatthe91-year-oldQueeniswithoutacorgiintheroyalhouseholdsinceWorldWarⅡ.In2015,MontyRoberts,theQueen’sdogtrainer,sharedsomedetailswithVanityFairaboutherpets.RobertsencouragedQueenElizabethtocontinuebreeding(繁殖)corgis,but,inheroldage,shedidn’twanttoleaveanyyoungdogbehind.Shedid,however,adoptafull-grownCorginamedWhisperin2017,afteritsowner,whowasagatekeeperatthepalace,died.ItwasalsosaidthatQueenElizabethwasworriedshe’dtripoverthedogsplayingatherfeet.Itwasaprettyrealfear.FormerroyalstaffPaulBurrellclaimedthathewasoncetrippedbyninecorgiswhilewalkingthemdownthestepsatthepalace.Willowwasadogwithequallyblueblood,althoughsheneverfoundsocialmediastardom.Itwasa14th-generationchildofSusan,thecorgiwhowasgiftedtoElizabethonher18thbirthdaybyherfather,KingGeorgeⅥ.OneofWillow’smostmemorablemomentswasposingwithJamesBondatthe2012LondonOlympics.Holly,Queen’sanothercorgi,alsostarredinthevideo,butshepassedawaymorethanayearago,attheageof13.Thisistrulytheendofanera,asQueenElizabethhasownedmorethan30corgisthroughoutherlife.Atonepoint,shehad13atonce.“Shewassadforeachlossofhercorgisovertheyears,butshehasbeenparticularlyupsetaboutWillow’sdeath,”aBuckinghamPalacesourcetoldTheDailyMail.“ItisprobablybecauseWillowwasthelastlinktoherparentsandapastimethatgoesbacktoherownchildhood.”4.WhathappenedtoWillowovertheweekendaccordingtoTheDailyMail?A.Itwaskilledinacaraccident. B.Itwasputtodeath.C.Ithadanunsuccessfuloperation. D.Itwasfoundtohavecancer.5.WhydidQueenElizabethstopbreedingcorgisaccordingtoMontyRoberts?A.Shewastooweaktotakecareofthedogs.B.Shebecametiredofthosecrazylittledogs.C.Shewasafraidthatshe’dtripoverthedogs.D.Shewasworriedaboutthedogsafterherdeath.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“blueblood”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Nobleancestor. B.Badmood.C.Coldheart. D.Terribledisease.7.WhatdoesWillowprobablymeanforQueenElizabeth?A.Theendofanera. B.Hercontroloverthecountry.C.Atiewithherparents. D.Thehardshipinherchildhood.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了最后一只皇家柯基犬Willow離世，并講述了伊麗莎白女王和皇家柯基犬的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Unfortunately,overtheweekendshelostthelastofherroyalcorgis,Willow.AccordingtoTheDailyMail,the15-year-olddoghadtobeputtodeathaftersufferingacancer-relatedillness.(不幸的是，在周末，她失去了她的最后一只皇家柯基狗Willow。據(jù)《每日郵報》報道，這只15歲的狗狗在患有癌癥相關(guān)疾病后不得不被處死)”可知，據(jù)《每日郵報》報道，Willow在周末被處死了。故選B項。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“RobertsencouragedQueenElizabethtocontinuebreeding(繁殖)corgis,but,inheroldage,shedidn’twanttoleaveanyyoungdogbehind.(羅伯茨鼓勵伊麗莎白女王繼續(xù)繁殖飼養(yǎng)柯基犬，但她不想自己年邁時留下任何一只小狗)”可知，根據(jù)蒙蒂·羅伯茨的說法，伊麗莎白女王不再飼養(yǎng)柯基犬是因為她不想自己老后留下任何一只小狗，為它們擔(dān)心。故選D項。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“Itwasa14th-generationchildofSusan,thecorgiwhowasgiftedtoElizabethonher18thbirthdaybyherfather,KingGeorgeⅥ.(它是蘇珊的第14代孩子，這只柯基狗是伊麗莎白18歲生日時她的父親喬治國王送給她的Ⅵ)”可知，Willow有著貴族血統(tǒng)，結(jié)合選項可知，劃線詞blueblood與nobleancestor表達(dá)的意思一致，即“貴族的血統(tǒng)；高貴的祖先”。故選A項。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ItisprobablybecauseWillowwasthelastlinktoherparentsandapastimethatgoesbacktoherownchildhood.(這可能是因為Willow是她與父母的最后聯(lián)系，也是她自己童年時代的娛樂)”可知，對伊麗莎白女王來說Willow意味著與她父母的聯(lián)系。故選C項。CChinaannouncedalong-awaitedplantointegrate(融合)thesouthernPearlRiverDeltaArea(PRDA)asanattempttocreateapowerhousetorival(相匹敵)theUSSiliconValleythatishometosuchwell-knowncompaniesasGoogle,FacebookandApple.Thepossibilitiesandchallengesoftheeffortarebothequallypromisingandchallenging.Theplanisanaturalresultoftheeconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentinthearea.China’sopeninguptotheworldmorethanfourdecadesagobeganinthesouthandPRDAhaslongbeenhometomanyofthecountry’sleadingtechnologicalcompanies.includin,HuaweiandTencent.“Theplanispromising,”saidAdamXu,ananalystatOC&CStrategyConsultants.“IfyoureallylookathistoryinChina,alotoftop-downplansalwayshaveverystrongbottom-upsupport.Andalotofeconomicactivitieshavealreadyhappenedthere.Nowtheyhaveabigplantoofficiallyrecognize,promoteandfurtheraccelerate.”Thekeychallengewillbeexecution(執(zhí)行).TheplanhastointegratethreedifferentlegalsystemsamongMainlandChina,HongkongandMacau.ThatmakesPRDAuniquecomparedtotheothertwomajorareasinChina—theBeijing,Hebei,TianjinAreaandtheYangtzeRiverDeltaAreanearShanghai.“Wedon’tknowhoweffectivelythetop-downplanwillguidethemanyindependentgrowingforcesatthelocallevel,”Xuadmitted.“Thispartwillbequiteanimportantchallenge.”ChinahasalreadytakenmajorstepstoovercomesomeofthephysicalbarrierssuchaslinkingHongkongwithGuangzhouandShenzhenbyhigh-speedrailwaysanditsrecentopeningofthe55-kilometerHongkong-Zhuhai-Macaubridge.Butotherbarriers,suchastheflowofpeople,informationandmoney,mayprovetobeabiggerchallenge.Xusaid,“Thebiggestchallengeandthebiggestbeauty—iftheyeventuallysucceed—willbelinkingallofthesetogether.”8.Whatareparagraph2andparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThefavorableconditionsinPRDA.B.Thebenefitsoftop-downplansinChina.C.PRDA’sadvantagesovertheSiliconValley.D.Theflowofpeople.informationandmoney.9.WhichchallengeisuniqueinthePearlRiverDeltaArea?A.Thephysicalbarriers. B.Theculturaldifferences.C.Thegovernmentcontrol. D.Thedifferentlegalsystems.10.Whichofthefollowingcitiesareconnectedbythe55-kilometerbridge?A.Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Macau. B.Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Macau.C.Zhuhai,Macau,Hongkong. D.Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Hongkong.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDifferentLegalSystemsinHongkongandMacauB.ThePossibilitiesandChallengesofIntegratingPRDAC.TheProblemsFacingChina’sNewlyAnnouncedPlansD.TheFastDevelopmentinthePearlRiverDeltaArea【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了整合珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)所面對的優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Theplanisanaturalresultoftheeconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentinthearea.China’sopeninguptotheworldmorethanfourdecadesagobeganinthesouthandPRDAhaslongbeenhometomanyofthecountry’sleadingtechnologicalcompanies.includingHuaweiandTencent.(該計劃是該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)發(fā)展的自然結(jié)果。40多年前，中國向世界開放始于南部地區(qū)，長期以來，包括華為(Huawei)和騰訊(Tencent)在內(nèi)的許多中國領(lǐng)先科技公司都在珠三角落戶)”以及第三段““Theplanispromising,”saidAdamXu,ananalystatOC&CStrategyConsultants.“IfyoureallylookathistoryinChina,alotoftop-downplansalwayshaveverystrongbottom-upsupport.Andalotofeconomicactivitieshavealreadyhappenedthere.Nowtheyhaveabigplantoofficiallyrecognize,promoteandfurtheraccelerate.”(“該計劃很有希望，”O(jiān)C&C戰(zhàn)略咨詢公司(OC&CStrategyConsultants)分析師亞當(dāng)·許(AdamXu)說?！叭绻阏J(rèn)真回顧中國的歷史，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多自上而下的計劃總是有非常強(qiáng)大的自下而上的支持。很多經(jīng)濟(jì)活動已經(jīng)在那里發(fā)生了。現(xiàn)在他們有了一個大計劃，要正式確認(rèn)、推廣并進(jìn)一步加速。”)”可知，第二段和第三段主要講述了整合珠三角的優(yōu)勢。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thekeychallengewillbeexecution.TheplanhastointegratethreedifferentlegalsystemsamongMainlandChina,HongkongandMacau.ThatmakesPRDAuniquecomparedtotheothertwomajorareasinChina—theBeijing,Hebei,TianjinAreaandtheYangtzeRiverDeltaAreanearShanghai.(關(guān)鍵的挑戰(zhàn)將是執(zhí)行。該計劃必須整合中國大陸、香港和澳門三個不同的法律體系。這使得珠三角與中國其他兩個主要地區(qū)——京津冀地區(qū)和靠近上海的長江三角洲地區(qū)——相比是獨(dú)一無二的)”可知，在珠三角地區(qū)，整合不同的法律體系的挑戰(zhàn)是獨(dú)一無二的。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ChinahasalreadytakenmajorstepstoovercomesomeofthephysicalbarrierssuchaslinkingHongkongwithGuangzhouandShenzhenbyhigh-speedrailwaysanditsrecentopeningofthe55-kilometerHongkong-Zhuhai-Macaubridge.(中國已經(jīng)采取了一些重大措施來克服一些有形障礙，比如通過高速鐵路將香港與廣州和深圳連接起來，以及最近開通了55公里長港珠澳大橋)”可知，珠海、澳門、香港由55公里長的大橋連接。故選C項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Chinaannouncedalong-awaitedplantointegratethesouthernPearlRiverDeltaArea(PRDA)asanattempttocreateapowerhousetorivaltheUSSiliconValleythatishometosuchwell-knowncompaniesasGoogle,FacebookandApple.Thepossibilitiesandchallengesoftheeffortarebothequallypromisingandchallenging.(中國宣布了一項期待已久的計劃，將珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)(PRDA)整合起來，試圖打造一個與美國硅谷相媲美的強(qiáng)大地區(qū)。美國硅谷是谷歌、Facebook和蘋果等知名公司的總部所在地。這項工作的可能性和挑戰(zhàn)既充滿希望，也充滿挑戰(zhàn))”以及縱觀全文可知，二三段主要講述了整合珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)所擁有的優(yōu)勢，四，五，六段主要講述了這個計劃所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，所以本文主要講述了整合珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)所面對的優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)，所以B項“ThePossibilitiesandChallengesofIntegratingPRDA(整合PRDA的可能性與挑戰(zhàn))”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B項。DAnewstudypublishedinThursday’seditionofCellreportsthatmosquitoes’senseofsmellismorecomplexthanweoncethought.Anditmayexplainhowtheyaresogoodatseekingusoutinthedarknessandleadtonewstrategiestofightagainstthepotentiallydeadlydiseasescausedbytheirbites.UntilMegYounger,co-authorofthestudy,andhercolleaguesstartedstudyingmosquitoes,it’slongbeenknownthatmosquitoesrelyonmultiplecluestotargethumans,First,theywillsensetheCO2inthebreathfromadistancethatcanbemorethan30feet.AftertheCO2,thentheybegintosensehumanbodysmells.Theyfollowtheodors(氣味)and,whentheygetveryclose,starttodetectbodyheat.Oncetheylandontheskin,theylookforaplacetobitewiththeirlegs.Inmanypartsoftheworld,theirbitesmayleadtosuchdiseasesasdengue,Zika,chikungunyaandmalaria.Thelatterdiseasealonecausesoverhalfamilliondeathseachyeararoundtheglobe.“Butmostofwhatweknowaboutmosquitoes’senseofsmellcomesfromthestudyofthebrainsofmiceandfruitflies,wherethepathwaysbetweenthebrainandsmelldetectorsarefairlysimple:Eachneuron(神經(jīng)元)intheirsmelldetectorsjustrespondstoasinglekindofsmellandalltheneuronsforthatsmellareconnectedtothesamepartoftheirbrains.Ofcourse,therearecountlessdifferentdetectorsrespondingtocountlesssmells,”saysYounger.“Whenwestartedlookinginsidemosquitobrains,wefoundthateachneuroncandetectmultiplesmells.”“It’sagreatbreakthrough,”saysJosefinadelMarmol,ascientistattheHarvardMedicalSchoolwhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.“Itwillchangealotaboutwhatweknowofhowmosquitoesinteractwiththeworldandgiveresearchersadditionalwaystofightthebugs.Butthere’smoreworktobedonetotest,neuronbyneuron,whichneuronactuallyrespondstowhichhumanbodysmells.”12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutmosquitoesfromparagraph2?A.Theylookforaplacetobitewiththeireyes.B.Theycanonlydetecthumanswithin30feet.C.Theyarefirstattractedbyhumanbodysmells.D.TheyaremoresensitivetotheCO2inthebreath.13.Whichdiseasecausesmorethan0.5milliondeathseachyearintheworld?A.Malaria. B.Zika. C.Dengue. D.Chikungunya.14.WhatisMegYounger’snewdiscovery?A.Thepathwaysinthebrainsofmicearefairlysimple.B.Aneuroninmosquitoes’detectorscandetectmanysmells.C.Alltheneuronsforasmellareconnectedtothesamepartofthebrain.D.Theneuronsinfruitflies’brainsjustrespondtoasinglekindofsmell.15.WhatdoesJosefinadelMarmolsayaboutthenewstudy?A.Theprocessisnotverycomplete. B.Theconclusionisnotveryreliable.C.Morespecifictestshavetobedone. D.Theresearchmethodistoocomplex.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述一項新的研究解釋說明蚊子的嗅覺比我們想象的復(fù)雜得多，對于對抗蚊子的研究有益處?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“First,theywillsensetheCO2inthebreathfromadistancethatcanbemorethan30feet.AftertheCO2,thentheybegintosensehumanbodysmells.(首先，它們會在30英尺外感知呼吸中的二氧化碳。在吸入二氧化碳后，它們開始感知人體的氣味)”可推斷，蚊子對呼吸中的二氧化碳更敏感，故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inmanypartsoftheworld,theirbitesmayleadtosuchdiseasesasdengue,Zika,chikungunyaandmalaria.Thelatterdiseasealonecausesoverhalfamilliondeathseachyeararoundtheglobe.(在世界許多地方，它們的叮咬可能導(dǎo)致登革熱、寨卡病毒、基孔肯雅熱和瘧疾等疾病。僅后一種疾病每年就在全球造成50多萬人死亡)”可知，世界上每年有50多萬人死于瘧疾，故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenwestartedlookinginsidemosquitobrains,wefoundthateachneuroncandetectmultiplesmells.(當(dāng)我們開始研究蚊子大腦時，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每個神經(jīng)元都能探測到多種氣味)”和第五段““It’sagreatbreakthrough,”saysJosefinadelMarmol,ascientistattheHarvardMedicalSchoolwhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.(“這是一個偉大的突破，”哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家JosefinadelMarmol說，她沒有參與這項研究)”可知，MegYounger的新發(fā)現(xiàn)是蚊子探測器中的一個神經(jīng)元可以探測到許多氣味。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““It’sagreatbreakthrough,”saysJosefinadelMarmol,ascientistattheHarvardMedicalSchoolwhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.“Itwillchangealotaboutwhatweknowofhowmosquitoesinteractwiththeworldandgiveresearchersadditionalwaystofightthebugs.Butthere’smoreworktobedonetotest,neuronbyneuron,whichneuronactuallyrespondstowhichhumanbodysmells.”(“這是一個偉大的突破，”哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家JosefinadelMarmol說，她沒有參與這項研究。“這將在很大程度上改變我們對蚊子如何與世界互動的了解，并為研究人員提供額外的方法來對抗蚊子。但還有更多的工作要做，一個神經(jīng)元一個神經(jīng)元地測試，哪個神經(jīng)元實際上對人體的哪種氣味有反應(yīng)。”)”可知，JosefinadelMarmol認(rèn)為還需要做更具體的測試。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Angermayseemunappealing,butthisemotionisanecessarypartofyourwell-being.Aswithjoyandsadness,expressingangeroverabrokenpromise,alostopportunity,orotherinconvenienceishealthy.However,ifangerisfrequentlyexpressed,itwillbeharmful.Learningtodealwiththisemotionthenbecomesimportant.____16____.Trypositiveexercises.Whenyoufeeltheunmistakablesignsofyourangerbuildingup,trytofocusonpositivepracticeslikedeepbreathingtocalmyourselfdown.____17____.Repeatingthisexerciseuntilyourangerisundercontrolcanhelptopreventanoutburstandthenegativeoutcomesthataccompanyit.____18____.Justasyouopenuptolovedonesoverthepainofheartbreakorthejoyofapromotion,callinglovedoneswhenyou’reabouttolosecontrolofyourangerisahealthywayofdealingwiththeemotion.Yourfriendsandfamilycanactasasupportgroup,calmingyouuntiltheworstisover.Keepamoodjournal.Arecommendedwaytodealwithangerandrecognizehowfrequentlyyouembracethisemotioniskeepingajournaltotrackyouremotions.____19____,youcanunderstandyourfeelingsbetter.Thenyoucaneasilyfindaproperwaytocontrolyouranger.Seeatherapist(治療師).____20____,seekingprofessionalguidanceisalwaysawelcomewaytogetthingsundercontrol.Alicensedmentalhealthprofessionalcanhelpyourecognizeandcontrolthenegativethoughtsthatmayleadtoanangryoutburst.A.TurntoyourlovedonesforhelpB.SharesomethinggoodwithyourlovedonesC.However,youcantrysomepracticestoexpressyourangerD.Solet’stakealookatsomewaystohelpyoumanageyourangerE.Ifyoufeelthatyourangeristoostrongtobecontainedthroughself-helpF.SupportingyourbreathingwithcomfortingwordscanhelptocontrolyourangerbetterG.Ifyounotethecausesthatpushyoutooutburstsandthethoughtsthatrunthroughyourmind【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了處理憤怒情緒的方法。【16題詳解】上文“Learningtodealwiththisemotionthenbecomesimportant.(學(xué)會處理這種情緒就變得很重要。)”提出要學(xué)會處理憤怒這種情緒，結(jié)合下文小標(biāo)題可知，下文介紹了處理憤怒的方法，D項“Solet’stakealookatsomewaystohelpyoumanageyouranger(所以，讓我們來看看一些幫助你控制憤怒的方法)”承上啟下，引出下文中方法的介紹，上下文語意連貫。故選D項。【17題詳解】上文“Whenyoufeeltheunmistakablesignsofyourangerbuildingup,trytofocusonpositivepracticeslikedeepbreathingtocalmyourselfdown.(當(dāng)你感到你的憤怒正在積聚的明顯跡象時，試著專注于積極的練習(xí)，比如深呼吸，讓自己冷靜下來。)”提出通過深呼吸的方法來讓自己冷靜下來，F(xiàn)項“Supportingyourbreathingwithcomfortingwordscanhelptocontrolyourangerbetter(用安慰的話支持你的呼吸可以幫助你更好地控制你的憤怒)”對這一方法做出補(bǔ)充，提出同時使用“comfortingwords”來控制憤怒。兩個句子中都出現(xiàn)了“breathing”一詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。【18題詳解】設(shè)空句是本段主題句，根據(jù)下文“Justasyouopenuptolovedonesoverthepainofheartbreakorthejoyofapromotion,callinglovedoneswhenyou’reabouttolosecontrolofyourangerisahealthywayofdealingwiththeemotion.Yourfriendsandfamilycanactasasupportgroup,calmingyouuntiltheworstisover.(就像你向你所愛的人傾訴心碎的痛苦或升職的喜悅一樣，當(dāng)你快要控制不住自己的憤怒時，給你所愛的人打電話是一種處理情緒的健康方式。你的朋友和家人可以作為一個支持小組，讓你平靜下來，直到最糟糕的事情過去。)”可知，本段講通過給所愛的人打電話來處理情緒。A項“Turntoyourlovedonesforhelp(向你愛的人尋求幫助)”是最佳主題句。故選A項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空格后逗號可知，設(shè)空句是從句，構(gòu)成主從復(fù)合句，只能在E、G項中選擇。結(jié)合上文“Arecommendedwaytodealwithangerandrecognizehowfrequentlyyouembracethisemotioniskeepingajournaltotrackyouremotions.(處理憤怒并認(rèn)識到你有多頻繁地?fù)肀н@種情緒的一個推薦方法是寫日記來跟蹤你的情緒。)”可知，文章推薦通過記日記來跟蹤情緒，G項“Ifyounotethecausesthatpushyoutooutburstsandthethoughtsthatrunthroughyourmind(如果你注意到促使你爆發(fā)的原因和在你腦海中運(yùn)行的想法)”說明用日記記錄情緒的作用，可以幫你找到“促使你爆發(fā)的原因和腦海中運(yùn)行的想法”，從而“讓你更好地理解自己的感受”，上下文語意連貫。故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空格后逗號可知，設(shè)空句是從句，構(gòu)成主從復(fù)合句，G項已經(jīng)被選，只有E項符合條件。同時，下文“seekingprofessionalguidanceisalwaysawelcomewaytogetthingsundercontrol.(尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)總是一種受歡迎的控制情緒的方式。)”建議尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)，E項“Ifyoufeelthatyourangeristoostrongtobecontainedthroughself-help(如果你覺得自己的憤怒太強(qiáng)烈，無法通過自助來控制)”假設(shè)了尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)的條件，如果自己已經(jīng)無法控制憤怒的情緒，就需要尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)，照應(yīng)本段主題“Seeatherapist(治療師).”。故選E項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thismorning.Istoppedbyalocalgrocerystoretopickupafewitems.Thesmallstorewasalmost____21____andonlyonecashier(收銀員)wasworking.Iwaitedwhiletheguyinfrontofmewasputtingallthe____22____groceriesbackintohisshoppingcart(購物車).Hewasabouttoleavewhenheaskedifhecouldpushthecarttohis____23____aquartermileaway,unloaditandthen____24____it.Thecashierwasnewthereandwasnotsure.IsaidthatI’dbehappytogivehima____25____backhome.Then,weloadedhisgroceriesintomycarandtalkedonthe____26____triptohislivingplace.Hehadjustmovedtothetownrecently,butlikeallofus,hewasfeelingthe____27____ofthehighcostofliving.Inoddedwithasighandhelpedhimunloadhisgroceriesbefore____28____backhome.Onmywayhome.Ithoughttomyself.“Thecostoflivingkeepsgoingup,butatleastthecostoflovingdoesn’t____29____.”Thatisthefunnythingaboutloving.Italmostcostsus_____30_____.Youmightthinkifyouspentyourlove_____31_____yourfamily,yourneighbors,yourfriends,andeventhe_____32_____youmeetinthestreet,soonerorlateryourlovewould_____33_____.Youmightthinksoonerorlateryour_____34_____likeyourwalletwouldbeempty._____35_____,lovedoesn’tworklikethat.Whenweshareourlove,wehaveevenmorelove.21.A.normal B.empty C.perfect D.messy22.A.bagged B.rotten C.deserted D.stolen23.A.bank B.hospital C.supermarket D.apartment24.A.purchase B.repair C.return D.deliver25.A.chance B.lift C.tip D.lesson26.A.endless B.familiar C.short D.rough27.A.pressure B.value C.flexibility D.pleasure28.A.climbing B.flying C.walking D.driving29.A.increase B.respond C.emerge D.remain30.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything31.A.replacing B.monitoring C.helping D.defeating32.A.strangers B.relatives C.roommates D.teachers33.A.goup B.comeout C.givein D.runout34.A.eye B.stomach C.heart D.mouth35.A.Suddenly B.Thankfully C.Unluckily D.Gradually【答案】21B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.A33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者幫助一個雜貨店遇到的陌生人，把他送回家的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這家小店幾乎空無一人，只有一個收銀員在工作。A.normal正常的，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；B.empty空的；C.perfect完美的；D.messy凌亂的。根據(jù)句中“onlyonecashier(收銀員)wasworking.”可知，雜貨店里只有一個收銀員人，說明人不多。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我前面的人正把所有袋裝的雜貨放回購物車，我一直在等。A.bagged袋裝的；B.rotten腐爛的；C.deserted被遺棄的；D.stolen偷的。結(jié)合常識和句中“intohisshoppingcart”可知，雜貨店買的東西都會用袋子裝起來，再放到購物車?yán)?。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要離開時，他問是否可以把車推到四分之一英里外的公寓，卸下物品后，然后再把購物車還回來。A.bank銀行；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.supermarket超市；D.apartment公寓。根據(jù)下文“I’dbehappytogivehima5backhome.”可知，他想用購物車把東西推回家，即公寓。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要離開時，他問是否可以把車推到四分之一英里外的公寓，卸下物品后，然后再把購物車還回來。A.purchase購買；B.repair修理；C.return歸還；D.deliver運(yùn)送。根據(jù)句中“pushthecarttohis3aquartermileaway”可知，購物車推到四分之一英里外的地方后，還要?dú)w還回來。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我說我很樂意載他回家。A.chance機(jī)會；B.lift免費(fèi)搭車，搭便車；C.tip建議；D.lesson一節(jié)課。根據(jù)下文“Then,weloadedhisgroceriesintomycarandtalkedonthe6triptohislivingplace.”可知，作者讓他搭便車。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我們把他的雜貨裝進(jìn)我的車?yán)?，并在去他住處的短途旅程中聊天。A.endless無止境的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.short短的；D.rough粗糙的。根據(jù)上文“pushthecarttohis3aquartermileaway”可知，他住的地方并不遠(yuǎn)，所以是短途旅程。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他最近剛搬到鎮(zhèn)上，但和我們所有人一樣，他也感受到了高昂生活成本帶來的壓力。A.pressure壓力；B.value價值；C.flexibility靈活性；D.pleasure快樂，滿足。根據(jù)句中“thehighcostofliving”可知，他感受到的是高昂生活成本帶來的壓力。故選A項。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我點點頭，嘆了口氣，幫他卸下雜貨，然后開車回家。A.climbing攀登；B.flying飛行；C.walking步行；D.driving駕駛。根據(jù)上下可知，作者開車送他到家后，自己也要駛車回家。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：生活的成本一直在上漲，但至少愛的成本沒有增加。A.increase增長；B.respond回答；C.emerge出現(xiàn)；D.remain留下。根據(jù)連詞but可知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，上文說生活的成本一直在增加，所以下文講愛的成本沒有增加。故選A項。【30題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：它幾乎不需要花費(fèi)什么。A.something某事；B.nothing沒有什么；C.anything任何事物；D.everything每件事物。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ovedoesn’tworklikethat.Whenweshareourlove,wehaveevenmorelove.”可知，愛是沒有無限的，不需要花費(fèi)什么。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會想，如果你把你的愛花在幫助你的家人、你的鄰居、你的朋友，甚至是你在街上遇到的陌生人上，你的愛遲早會用完。A.replacing替代；B.monitoring替代；C.helping幫助；D.defeating戰(zhàn)勝。根據(jù)句中“spentyourlove”和“yourfamily,yourneighbors,yourfriends”可推知，愛就是幫助身邊的人。故選C項。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會想，如果你把你的愛花在幫助你的家人、你的鄰居、你的朋友，甚至是你在街上遇到的陌生人上，你的愛遲早會用完。A.strangers陌生人；B.relatives親屬；C.roommates室友；D.teachers教師。根據(jù)句中“youmeetinthestreet”可知，文中說的在街上遇到的陌生人。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你可能會想，如果你把你的愛花在幫助你的家人、你的鄰居、你的朋友，甚至是你在街上遇到的陌生人上，你的愛遲早會用完。A.goup上升；B.comeout出現(xiàn)；C.givein屈服；D.runout用完。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikeyourwalletwouldbeempty”可知，我們一般會認(rèn)為愛像錢包一樣，會花光用完。故選D項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會認(rèn)為遲早你的心會像你的錢包一樣是空的。A.eye眼睛；B.stomach胃；C.heart心；D.mouth嘴。結(jié)合常識可知，愛源于內(nèi)心。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，愛情不是這樣的。A.Suddenly突然地；B.Thankfully感謝地；C.Unluckily不幸地；D.Gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)下文“Whenweshareou