2022-2023學(xué)年遼寧省錦州市高三上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年遼寧省錦州市高三上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷考試時(shí)間為120分鐘，滿分150分。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。3.答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答題標(biāo)號(hào);答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)區(qū)域內(nèi)，超出答題區(qū)域或?qū)懺诒驹嚲砩蠠o(wú)效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whoishavingaholidayabroad?A.David. B.Mike. C.John.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Davidhasjustphonedmeandsaidthathecouldn’tattendtheparty.Heisn’tfeelingverywellnow.W:So,we’llhavethreepeopleabsent.JohnistravelingwithhisparentsabroadandMikehastostaylateattheoffice.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhattimedoesthenextplanetoLondonleave?A.At10:00. B.At11:00. C.At12:00.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.WhattimedoesthenextplanetoLondontakeoff?W:ThenextoneisFlight12ateleven,gate10.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwastheweatherlikeintheLakeDistrictontheirholiday?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Snowy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Homeatlast!ThatwasthelasttimewehadaholidayintheLakeDistrict.W:Itwasbeautiful!Atleastitdidn’tsnow.M:Iwouldhavepreferredsnowtoconstantrain.Wehadneverseenthesunthere!4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onabeach. B.Inahospital. C.Overthephone.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:SanFranciscoGeneralHospital.M:Hello.Thisisanemergency.Canyoupleasesendanambulance?W:OK,OK.Justtrytocalmdown,sir.Andtellmewhereyouare.M:Right.Uh,weareatLaTraviataRestaurantinNorthBeach.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.Deliversomebadnews. B.Findanewposition. C.Makeaspeech.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mverysorry.I’mnotinthepositiontotellyouthisbutI’mcertainlyveryworried.W:Don’tmakeabigspeechabouthowsorryyouare.Justgiveittomestraight.M:Wehavetolayoffsomeworkersandyou’reoneofthem.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhatdidAmydoonSaturdaymorning?A.Shewentshopping. B.Shewentjogging. C.Shewenttothegym.7.WhendidAmygoonadate?A.OnSaturdaynight. B.OnSundayafternoon. C.OnSundaynight.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Whatdidyoudoontheweekend,Amy?W:Letmethink.Oh,IwentshoppingonFridayeveningandboughtsomedailynecessitiesfortheapartment.M:Whatdidyouget?W:Oh,sometowelsandanewtoothbrush.Saturdaywasn’ttoobad.Iwentjogginginthemorningandwenttothegymintheafternoon.Butafterallthatexercise,IwastootiredtodoanythingonSaturdaynight.M:SohowaboutSunday?W:Itwasgreat!Iwentoutonadatewithareallygreatmanthatnight.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.HowmuchtimeisleftforthemantopickGretaup?A.45minutes. B.25minutes. C.20minutes.9.Whydoesthewomanthinkthemaniscrazy?A.Hedoesn’thavebreakfast.B.He’llbuyfoodattheairport.C.Heatetheappleinherbag.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Slowdown,Adam.You’redrivinglikeamadman.M:ItoldGretaI’dpickherupat9:45.Herplanelandsat9:20.W:Relax.It’sjust9o’clocknow.There’splentyoftime.M:Isupposeso.W:Didyouhavebreakfastyet?M:No.Ijumpedoutofbedthismorningandranoutofthefrontdoor.Ididn’thavetimetoeat.W:I’vegotanappleinmybag,ifyouwantit.M:Haveyougotanythingelse?W:Pens,pencils,anotebook…butnothingtoeat.Justtheapple,I’mafraid.M:I’llpicksomethingupattheairport.W:Areyoucrazy?Food’salwaystentimesmoreexpensiveattheairport.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.WhydidthemangotothePhilippines?A.Foratrip. B.Forfurtherstudies. C.Forvolunteerwork.11.Whohelpedthemanwiththeproject?A.Thelocalstudents. B.Thelocalgovernment. C.Thelocalbusinessmen.12.What’stheaimoftheproject?A.Toexploreanisland. B.Tohelpthepoorstudents. C.Toprotecttheenvironment.【答案】10.C11.A12.C【解析】【原文】W:WhereexactlydidyougointhePhilippines?M:IwasinDavaoCityThevolunteerorganizationhasanofficeandsomestudentdormsthere.W:Canyoutalkabouttheorganization?M:Sure.TheorganizationiscalledtheStudentVolunteerOrganization.Theyorganizetripsforuniversitystudentstogoabroadanddovolunteerwork—youknow,doingthingsthathelpthecountryandthepeople.Forexample,oneproject,weplantedtreesinanareaoftheislandwherealotoftreeshadbeencutdownyearsago.Wegotlocalelementaryschoolstudentstohelpusbecausethegoaloftheprojectwastoteachyoungpeopleabouttheenvironment.W:That’sgreat.Soyoudecidedtogobecausetheenvironmentisimportanttoyou?M:Yes,Ithinkit’severyone’sresponsibilitytohelpprotecttheenvironment.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whodoesthispenbelongto?A.Theman’sson. B.Theman’swife. C.Theman’sdaughter.14.Whatcolorpenisunavailablenow?A.Purple. B.Black. C.Yellow.15.Howmuchdoesthepenwitharedleathercovercost?A.$13. B.$14. C.$11.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Comeagaintomorrow. B.Buyanotherpennow. C.Waitforthewoman’scall.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,mysonanddaughterboughtthispenhereformywife’sbirthday,butitdoesn’twork,soI’dliketoexchangeit.W:Letmesee.Wasitdroppedoranything?M:No,butyoucanseethatthepointisbentalittlebit.W:Yes,itis,isn’tit?We’dbehappytoexchangeitforyou.ButI’mafraidwedon’thaveanotherpurpleone.Weonlyhavethispeninblackoryellownow.M:Mywifedoesn’treallycareforeitherofthosecolors.W:Wehaveonewitharedleathercover.That’sthreedollarsmore.M:Thechildrenworkedhardtosaveuptheelevendollarsforthisone.TheywouldprobablybeupsetifIpaidforpartoftheirpresent.W:Ifyouwant,wecanorderanotherpenjustlikethisone.M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wouldyoupleasegoaheadanddothat?W:We’dbeveryhappyto.Itwilltakeaweekortendays.We’llcallyouwhenitcomesin.M:Thankyouverymuch.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhenisSweetestDay?A.ThethirdSaturdayinOctober.B.ThethirdSundayinOctober.C.ThesecondSaturdayinOctober.18.WhatisthepurposeofSweetestDay?A.Tomakefriends.B.Tomakesomeonehappy.C.Tomakecitiesmorebeautiful.19.WhodidtheClevelandmanhelp?A.Hisfriendsandrelatives.B.Theagedandhisneighbors.C.Thecity’sorphansandpatients.20.HowdidtheClevelandmanstartSweetestDay?A.Byofferinghugs. B.Bygivingawaysmallgifts. C.Bydistributingsomecash.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:SweetestDayisalwaysthethirdSaturdayinOctober.Thisholidayismuchmoreimportantinsomeregionsthaninothers(Detroit,ClevelandandBuffaloarethebiggestSweetestDaycities).Butthisholidayisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry.SweetestDayiscelebratedtomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,aged,andorphaned,butalsofriendsandrelatives.Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity’sorphansandpatientstoooftenfeltforgotten,formedinthemindanideaofshowingthemthattheywerenot.Hedidthisbythedistributionofsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbors,hedistributedthemonaSaturdayinOctober.Intheyearsthatfollowed,otherresidentsbegantoparticipateintheevent,whichcametobecalled“SweetestDay”.Intime,theDaybecameanoccasionforacknowledgingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Soontheideabeganspreadingtoothercitiesalloverthecountry.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouarelookingforanadventureforyourkids,SummerCishereforyou.Wehaveroundedupsomebestcampstokeepyourthrillseekersbusyallday.CatalinaSeaCampCatalinaSeaCampisanoceanadventureandmarine(海洋的)biologysummercamplocatedatToyonBayonCatalinaIsland.Marinescienceinstructorsleadexplorations,providehelpinidentification,explainrelationshipsandteachscientificknowledgeinmarineenvironments.Itoffersthreeone-weeksessionsforboysandgirlsaged8-13.Address:ToyonBay,SanBruno,CaliforniaPhone:(800)645-1423Steve&Kate’sCampThesummercamptrustskidstochoosetheirownadventureinfilm,fashiondesign,breadmaking,paintingandsomuchmore.Steve&Kate’sCampoffersasafeenvironmentwherekidsaged6-12canbethemselvesandexploretheirpassions.Andbecausethey’remakingtheirownchoices,theyfindasenseofmeaningintheiractivities.Address:150PacificAve,SanFranciscoPhone:(415)389-5437SixFlagsAnimalAdventureCampsKidsofallagescanenjoyaweek-longjourneyintotheworldofanimalsThey’llhavefunwhiletheylearnaboutanimalsandtheimportanceofpreservingtheirhabitatsthroughhands-onactivitiesandexcitinglivepresentationsfromanimalexperts.Address:Cosby,TennesseePhone:(866)876-8952LakeGreeleyCampLakeGreeleyCampisaprivateovernightsummercamplocatedinthePoconoMountainsofPennsylvania.ThecampisownedandoperatedbytheBuynakFamily,whohavegivenchildrenfun-filled,safesummerexperiencesforover50years.Itwelcomesboysandgirlsaged6-15.Address:222GreeleyLakeRd,Greeley,PennsylvaniaPhone:(570)685-7196Ifyouarenotinterestedintheabove,pleaseclickhereformorecamps.21.WhatcankidsdoatCatalinaSeaCamp?A.Learnreallifeskillsaboutswimming.B.Learnsomeknowledgeaboutmarinelife.C.EnjoysummersunshineonCatalinaIsland.D.Meetsomefamousmarinebiologyscientists.22.Ifa5-year-oldboywantstojoinasummercamp,hecanchoose________.A.CatalinaSeaCamp B.LakeGreeleyCampC.Steve&Kate’sCamp D.SixFlagsAnimalAdventureCamps23.WhatcanweknowaboutLakeGreeleyCamp?A.Itisrunbythegovernment. B.Itisanewly-foundedsummercamp.C.Itoffersaccommodationtokids. D.Itisequippedwithafungameroom.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。推薦了幾個(gè)適合孩子的夏季宿營(yíng)活動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CatalinaSeaCamp部分“CatalinaSeaCampisanoceanadventureandmarine(海洋的)biologysummercamplocatedatToyonBayonCatalinaIsland.Marinescienceinstructorsleadexplorations,providehelpinidentification,explainrelationshipsandteachscientificknowledgeinmarineenvironments.(卡塔琳娜海洋夏令營(yíng)是一個(gè)海洋探險(xiǎn)和海洋生物夏令營(yíng)，位于卡塔琳娜島的托揚(yáng)灣。海洋科學(xué)教師帶領(lǐng)探索，提供幫助辨認(rèn)，解釋關(guān)系，并教授海洋環(huán)境中的科學(xué)知識(shí))”可知，在CatalinaSeaCamp活動(dòng)中，孩子們可以學(xué)習(xí)到海洋生命的知識(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SixFlagsAnimalAdventureCamps部分“Kidsofallagescanenjoyaweek-longjourneyintotheworldofanimals.(所有年齡段的孩子都可以享受為期一周的動(dòng)物世界之旅)”可知，SixFlagsAnimalAdventureCamps活動(dòng)對(duì)孩子年齡不限，五歲的男孩可以參加。其他幾個(gè)活動(dòng)，孩子年齡限制在六歲或更大的孩子。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)LakeGreeleyCamp部分“LakeGreeleyCampisaprivateovernightsummercamplocatedinthePoconoMountainsofPennsylvania.(格里利湖夏令營(yíng)是一個(gè)私家過(guò)夜夏令營(yíng)，位于賓夕法尼亞州的波科諾山脈)”可知，在LakeGreeleyCamp可以過(guò)夜，由此推斷該活動(dòng)是提供食宿的。故選C項(xiàng)。BEricRaviliouswasoneofthegreatestwatercoloristsofthe20thcentury,lovedforhispaintingsoffamousEnglishlandmarks.Whilehewasamasterpainteranddesigner,hisanothergreatrolewasasawarartist.Amongthefinestandmostproductiveofhisgeneration,hediedwhileonactivedutyduringWorldWarII.2022marksthe80thanniversaryofhisdeath,whichraisesthequestion:Whatmakesagreatwarartist?Ravilious’swarartisfamousforitsinnocenceandpurity.Ravilious’ssoftcolors,cartoon-likefigures,tranquiltidepoolsandskyeasetheapparentdangerandthreatonthebattlefield.StayingtruetohisstylewasoneofRavilious’sgreateststrengths.Fromhispaintingswecanseehisfirmcontrolofthewatercolor,hiscalmexpressionandattentiontodetail,showinghisextraordinaryinsightandexpression.Hedidnotfocusonstyle,butratheronhisattitudeandwayofexpression.Headdedastrongpersonaltouchtothethemes.Thatiswhyheisgreat.Heoftenworkedinverydangeroussituations:sometimespaintingonthedeckofamilitaryshipwithfightersflyingoverheadormovingatsuchspeedthathispaintsmightbeflyingeverywhere.Oneofhisfriendssaid,“Hiswarpaintingsareverymuchlikechildren’sdescriptionofwar.Isawalotofpaintingsbyrefugee(難民)childrenandadultsinIraq.TheyareverysimilartoEricRavilious’spaintings.Intheirrespectiveways,theyalldescribewarinaninnocentandalmostna?ve(幼稚的)manner.Infact,thecrueltyofwarcannotbeunderstoodbyeveryonebecauseitisinhumanandinhumane.”Heconcludes,“Seeninthislight,whatEricRaviliousdidenablesustolookatwarwithacalmmind.Thisistrulyspecial.”24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tranquil”inparagraph2mean?A.Pure. B.Peaceful. C.Dangerous. D.Extraordinary.25.WhatmakesRaviliousagreatwarartist?A.Hispaintingtheme. B.Hisinnocenceandpurity.CHiscontrolofthewatercolor. D.Hisattitudeandstrongpersonalstyle.26.HowareEricRavilious’spaintingssimilartochildren’spaintings?A.Theydescribedwarinasimilarmanner.B.Theycouldonlybeunderstoodbychildren.C.Theywerepaintedinsimilarshadesofcolor.D.Theyhelpedpeopletoknowthecrueltyofwar.27.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WarArt:CruelBeauty B.WarArt:PureandInnocentC.EricRavilious:AGreatWarArtist D.EricRavilious:AnInnocentMan【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了埃里克·拉維利烏斯是20世紀(jì)最偉大的水彩畫畫家之一，同時(shí)他也是一位戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)家。【24題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前句“Ravilious’swarartisfamousforitsinnocenceandpurity.(拉維利烏斯的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)以其純真而聞名)”及后半句“easetheapparentdangerandthreatonthebattlefield.(緩解了戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上明顯的危險(xiǎn)和威脅)”可知，拉維里烏斯藝術(shù)作品有柔和的色彩，卡通般的人物，寧?kù)o的潮汐池和天空。由此可知，tranquil為“寧?kù)o的”之意。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“StayingtruetohisstylewasoneofRavilious’sgreateststrengths.(忠于自己的風(fēng)格是拉維利烏斯最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一)”和“Hedidnotfocusonstyle,butratheronhisattitudeandwayofexpression.Headdedastrongpersonaltouchtothethemes.Thatiswhyheisgreat.(他不注重風(fēng)格，而是注重他的態(tài)度和表達(dá)方式。他在主題中加入了強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人色彩。這就是他偉大的原因)”可知，拉維利烏斯的態(tài)度和強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人風(fēng)格讓他成為偉大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)家。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hiswarpaintingsareverymuchlikechildren’sdescriptionofwar.Isawalotofpaintingsbyrefugee(難民)childrenandadultsinIraq.TheyareverysimilartoEricRavilious’spaintings.(他的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)畫很像孩子們對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的描述。我看到了很多伊拉克難民兒童和成年人的畫。它們和EricRavilious的畫非常相似)”可知，埃里克·拉維利烏斯的畫和兒童畫相似之處在于它們以類似的方式描述戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Amongthefinestandmostproductiveofhisgeneration,hediedwhileonactivedutyduringWorldWarII.2022marksthe80thanniversaryofhisdeath,whichraisesthequestion:Whatmakesagreatwarartist?(2022年是他去世80周年，這就提出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題：是什么造就了偉大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)家？)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了埃里克·拉維利烏斯是20世紀(jì)最偉大的水彩畫畫家之一，同時(shí)他也是一位戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)家。由此可知，“EricRavilious:AGreatWarArtist.(埃里克·拉維利烏斯：偉大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)家)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。CKenya’streeplantingplanturnsouttobeofgreatbenefittoboththeenvironmentandtheKenyans.Launchedin2016byElizabethWathutiwhenshewastwenty-oneyearsold,theGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestodealwithdeforestation(濫伐森林)andclimatechangeintheEastAfricannation.Theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisonaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees,aswellasdevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschools.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutalsoadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheyremaintendedtofromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedhungernow.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.Theclimatecrisiswilldisplace80millionpeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaalone.Elizabethsaid,“Environmentisthefoundationofdevelopment,anditcannolongercontinuebeingtakenforgranted.IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”Sofar,theyhavegrown30,000fruittreestomaturity,providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater,”sheadded.28.WhatistheGreenGenerationInitiativeintendedfor?A.Raisingmoney. B.Makingpolicies.C.Educatingtheadults. D.Fightingclimatechange.29Whathasbeenachievedsince2016?A.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised. B.3,000treeshavebeenplanted.C.80millionpeoplehavebeensaved. D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.30.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Sickness. B.Watershortage. C.Starvation. D.Economiccrisis.31.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Honestanddetermined. B.Considerateandresponsible.C.Friendlyandoptimistic. D.Cooperativeandhumorous.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了ElizabethWathuti為保護(hù)環(huán)境，與氣候變化作斗爭(zhēng)的故事?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Launchedin2016byElizabethWathutiwhenshewastwenty-oneyearsold,theGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestodealwithdeforestation(濫伐森林)andclimatechangeintheEastAfricannation.(“綠色一代倡議”于2016年由ElizabethWathuti在她21歲時(shí)發(fā)起，是一個(gè)肯尼亞慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，一直在植樹，以應(yīng)對(duì)東非國(guó)家的森林砍伐和氣候變化。)”可知，這個(gè)倡議的目的是與氣候變化和森林砍伐作斗爭(zhēng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutalsoadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.(自成立以來(lái)，肯尼亞已經(jīng)種植了3萬(wàn)多棵樹，而數(shù)千名學(xué)童不僅種植了樹木，還收養(yǎng)了樹木，以確保年輕人了解到作為環(huán)境健康守護(hù)者的重要性。)”可知，自2016年發(fā)起該倡議以來(lái)，人們的綠色環(huán)保意識(shí)得到加強(qiáng)，紛紛就環(huán)保付出行動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedhungernow.(超過(guò)200萬(wàn)肯尼亞人現(xiàn)在面臨著與氣候相關(guān)的饑餓。)”可知，肯尼亞人現(xiàn)在面臨的問(wèn)題是饑餓。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater,”sheadded.(我們現(xiàn)在是地球上的成年人，我們有責(zé)任確保孩子們有食物和水，”她補(bǔ)充道。)”可知，ElizabethWathuti是一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)的人；根據(jù)“Sofar,theyhavegrown30,000fruittreestomaturity,providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.(到目前為止，他們已經(jīng)種植了30000棵果樹，為成千上萬(wàn)的兒童提供了急需的營(yíng)養(yǎng))”并結(jié)合1小題和2小題的解析得知，她懂得為環(huán)境、為他人考慮，因此她也是一個(gè)體貼的人。綜上，故選B項(xiàng)。DWatchingaspecificdeepredlightforjustthreeminutesonceaweek,whendeliveredinthemorning,maysignificantlyimprovetheeyesight,accordingtoanewstudybyresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondon.Thefindingsshowthatredlightmightbeacheapandeasytreatmentforolderpeoplesufferingfrompoorvision.Lastyear,researchersfromUniversityCollegeLondondidastudyonredlighttherapy(療法).24healthyvolunteers,agedbetween28and72,wereaskedtolookatredlightforthreeminuteseverydayfortwoweeks.Testslaterfoundthattheeyesightofpeopleovertheageof40improved.Totestthepossibleweakpointsoftheirtherapy,theydidanewstudythisyear.Insteadofusingthelighteveryday,theyuseditonceaweek.Thenewstudyincluded20volunteers,agedbetween34and70,allwithhealthyvision.Somereceivedredlighttherapyinthemorning,andothersreceiveditintheafternoon.Theywerethentestedontheircolorvisionuptoaweeklater.Onthewhole,thosewhogotthetreatmentinthemorningshoweda17%improvementintheircolorvision,evenaweeklater.Thosewhogotthetreatmentintheafternoondidnothaveanyimprovement.Thefindingsdosupporttheirearlierwork,andtheymightmakethetreatmentmorepracticable,sinceaonce-weeklytreatmentiseasiertosticktothanadailyone.Buttheteam’spromisingresultsarestilldrawnonlimitednumbersofhealthyvolunteers.Largerstudieswouldbeneededtoshowthebenefitsofredlighttherapy.“Inthenearfutureaonce-a-weekthree-minuteexposuretodeepredlightcouldbedonewhilemakingacoffeeorlisteningtoasong,andsuchasimplethingcouldchangeeyecareandvisionaroundtheworld,”Jeffreysaid.Givenitslowcost(aslittleas$15)perdevice,andsimplicity,Jeffreyandtheteamisexcitedaboutthefutureoftheirtherapy.32.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyfromparagraph2and3?A.24healthyoldpeopletookpartinthestudy.B.Allthevolunteershadbettereyesightafterthestudy.C.Thetherapywasmoreeffectivewhenusedonceaweek.D.Thetimeofdayfortreatmentwasvitalinthenewstudy.33.Whatmakesitnecessarytoimprovethestudy?A.Theageofthevolunteers. B.Thenumberofthevolunteers.C.Thepoorvisionofthevolunteers. D.Thehealthconditionofthevolunteers.34.Whatistheteam’sattitudetothefutureofredlighttherapy?A.Optimistic. B.Critical. C.Ambiguous. D.Conservative.35.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tostatetheimportanceofeyecare.B.Toexplainthevalueofdeepredlight.C.Toencouragepeopletoprotecttheireyes.D.Tointroduceawaytofightvisiondecline.【答案】32.D33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，每周一次，早上接受三分鐘紅光療法，有助于緩解視力衰退，且費(fèi)用低廉、操作簡(jiǎn)單，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)紅光療法的未來(lái)持樂觀的態(tài)度?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Onthewhole,thosewhogotthetreatmentinthemorningshoweda17%improvementintheircolorvision,evenaweeklater.Thosewhogotthetreatmentintheafternoondidnothaveanyimprovement.(總的來(lái)說(shuō)，那些在早上接受治療的人，即使在一周后，他們的色覺也提高了17%。那些在下午接受治療的人沒有任何改善。)”可知，在上午接受紅光療法治療的志愿者一周后的色覺有顯著改善，而在下午接受治療的則沒有改善，故一天中的治療時(shí)間至關(guān)重要。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Buttheteam’spromisingresultsarestilldrawnonlimitednumbersofhealthyvolunteers.Largerstudieswouldbeneededtoshowthebenefitsofredlighttherapy.(但該團(tuán)隊(duì)的樂觀結(jié)果仍然是基于有限數(shù)量的健康志愿者。還需要更大規(guī)模的研究來(lái)證明紅光療法的益處。)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究中的健康志愿者的人數(shù)有限，需要有更多的志愿者，才能改進(jìn)這項(xiàng)研究。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Inthenearfuture,aonce-a-weekthree-minuteexposuretodeepredlightcouldbedonewhilemakingacoffeeorlisteningtoasong,andsuchasimplethingcouldchangeeyecareandvisionaroundtheworld,’Jeffreysaid.Givenitslowcost(aslittleas$15)perdevice,andsimplicity,Jeffreyandtheteamisexcitedaboutthefutureoftheirtherapy.(杰弗里說(shuō)：‘在不久的將來(lái)，人們可以在泡咖啡或聽歌的同時(shí)，每周接觸一次三分鐘的深紅光，這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情就可以改變世界各地的眼睛保健和視力?！紤]到每臺(tái)設(shè)備的低成本（低至15美元）和簡(jiǎn)單性，杰弗里和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)他們治療的未來(lái)感到興奮)”可知，不久的將來(lái)，這項(xiàng)醫(yī)療技術(shù)的推廣，能使人們改善視力，且費(fèi)用低廉、操作簡(jiǎn)單，所以研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)紅光療法的未來(lái)持樂觀的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Watchingaspecificdeepredlightforjustthreeminutesonceaweek,whendeliveredinthemorning,maysignificantlyimprovetheeyesight,accordingtoanewstudybyresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondon.Thefindingsshowthatredlightmightbeacheapandeasytreatmentforolderpeoplesufferingfrompoorvision.(倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，每周一次，在早上看三分鐘特定的深紅光，可以顯著改善視力。研究結(jié)果表明，紅光可能是一種廉價(jià)而簡(jiǎn)單的治療視力不良的老年人的方法。)”可知，本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，每周一次，早上三分鐘特定的深紅光治療法，可以顯著改善視力。故本文的目的是介紹一個(gè)對(duì)抗視力下降的，便宜又簡(jiǎn)單的治療方法。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’shardtodomuchtotreatacoldorthefluonceyou’reinfected.Aswithmanyillnesses,takingstepstowardspreventionmaybethebestcureforthecoldorflu.____36____Youmayalsobeabletoavoidaseriousillnessbyactingquicklyatthefirstsignofsymptoms.Washyourhands.Oneoftheeasiestandmosteffectivemeasurestopreventcoldsandthefluisbywashingyourhandsthoroughlyandfrequently.Thisreducestheproliferationofbacteriaandthecoldorfluvirusfromcommonspacesorsurfaces.____37____Washyourhandscarefullyfor20seconds,makingsuretogetunderyournails,betweenyourfingers,andthefrontandbackofyourhands.Coveryournoseandmouth.Putyourhandortissue(紙巾)overbothyournoseandmouthwheneveryoucoughorsneeze.Coveringsneezesandcoughslowerstheriskofspreadingyourgerms(細(xì)菌)andtheviruses.____38________39____Thecoldandfluareverycontagious(接觸傳染的)andgenerallyspreadwherecrowdsofpeoplegatherround.Washyourhandsaftertouchingsurfacesincrowdedplaces.Ifyoufeelill,stayhomeforatleastadaytoreduceyourriskofspreadingyourcoldorflutoothers,ormakingyourcaseworsebycatchingsomethingelse.Getenoughrest.Makingsurethatyouallowyourbodytorestcaneaseyoursymptomsandhelpyoumorequicklyrecoverfromacoldortheflu.____40____Gettingenoughrestalsolowerstheriskofyouinfectingfamilymembers,friends,orcolleagues.Getatleast8hoursofsleeppernightandtakeashortbreak,whichcanhelpyourimmunesystemfightanydevelopingcoldorfluvirus.A.Avoidthecrowd.B.Don’tshareitemswithsickpeople.C.Makesureyouwethandsbeforeapplyingsoaptoyourhands.D.Stayhomefromworkorschool,especiallyifyouhaveafever.E.Throwawaytheusedtissueimmediatelyandthenwashyourhands.F.Acoldisaviralinfectionthatcausesdiscomfortinthenoseandthroat.G.Youcanhelppreventcommonviruseswithcarefulattentiontoyourhabits.【答案】36.G37.C38.E39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一些如何避免傳播感冒或其他病毒的有效簡(jiǎn)單的措施，包括洗手，保證充足睡眠等?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Aswithmanyillnesses,takingstepstowardspreventionmaybethebestcureforthecoldorflu.(與許多疾病一樣，采取措施預(yù)防可能是治療感冒或流感的最佳方法)”及下文“Youmayalsobeabletoavoidaseriousillnessbyactingquicklyatthefirstsignofsymptoms.(你還可以通過(guò)在出現(xiàn)癥狀的第一個(gè)跡象時(shí)迅速采取行動(dòng)來(lái)避免嚴(yán)重疾病)”可知，空處應(yīng)是可以用來(lái)預(yù)防病毒的某種方法，G選項(xiàng)“Youcanhelppreventcommonviruseswithcarefulattentiontoyourhabits.(你可以通過(guò)仔細(xì)注意你的習(xí)慣來(lái)幫助預(yù)防常見病毒)”與上下文一致，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Washyourhands.(洗手)”可知，本段主要講述洗手的注意事項(xiàng)。根據(jù)下文“Washyourhandscarefullyfor20seconds,makingsuretogetunderyournails,betweenyourfingers,andthefrontandbackofyourhands.(仔細(xì)洗手20秒，確保在指甲下、手指之間以及手的正面和背面)”可推斷，空處應(yīng)為洗手的步驟，C選項(xiàng)“Makesureyouwethandsbeforeapplyingsoaptoyourhands.(在將肥皂涂抹在手上之前，請(qǐng)確保弄濕雙手)”與上下文一致，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Putyourhandortissue(紙巾)overbothyournoseandmouthwheneveryoucoughorsneeze.(咳嗽或打噴嚏時(shí)，將手或紙巾放在鼻子和嘴巴上)”可知，空處應(yīng)是使用紙巾的正確做法。與E項(xiàng)“Throwawaytheusedtissueimmediatelyandthenwashyourhands.(立即扔掉用過(guò)的紙巾，然后洗手)”與上文一致，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thecoldandfluareverycontagious(接觸傳染的)andgenerallyspreadwherecrowdsofpeoplegatherround.(感冒和流感具有很強(qiáng)的傳染性，通常在人群聚集的地方傳播)”可知，應(yīng)避免去人多的地方。A選項(xiàng)“Avoidthecrowd.(避開人群)”與下文一致，故選A。【40題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Gettingenoughrestalsolowerstheriskofyouinfectingfamilymembers,friends,orcolleagues.(充足的休息還可以降低感染家人、朋友或同事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可推斷，在感冒應(yīng)該待在家里休息，可以降低感染家人