2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省溫州市高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省溫州市高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題及答案第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatisLynda?A.Aperson.B.Awebsite.C.Acourse.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Atahotel.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakinggrapewine?A.Difficult.B.Enjoyable.C.Time-wasting.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anarticle.B.Aprofessor.C.Aresearch.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenwillthephonecallsbecheaper?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.7.Howdoesthemansoundatlast?A.Interested.B.Unhappy.C.Excited.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatissaidaboutthecompany?A.Itimportscars.B.Itisatravelagency.C.Itoffersahighsalary.9.Whatkindofpeopledoesthecompanyneed?A.Recentgraduates.B.Enthusiasticyouths.C.Experiencedworkers.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Buyacar.B.Gotraveling.C.Applyforthejob.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdoesTeresaplantodothisafternoon?A.Gofishing.B.Goboating.C.Gowhalewatching.12.HowwasCindy’slasttrip?A.Disappointing.B.Rewarding.C.Challenging.13.HowlongwillTeresa’stripprobablylast?A.Onehour.B.Twohours.C.Threehours.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatisGreenPeace?A.Ananimalshelter.B.Awildlifereserve.C.Anon-violentorganization.15.WhatdoesthemanmainlydoinGreenPeace?A.Organizeprotests.B.Actasthespokesman.C.Saveendangeredanimals.16.WhathasGreenPeacebeeninvolvedinrecently?A.Anti-nuclearcampaigns.BAnti-animal-abuseprotests.C.Industrialwastemanagement.17.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsthecampaign?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Concerned.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.What’stherelationshipbetweensmokinganddrinking?A.Dependent.B.Unrelated.C.Contradictory.19.Whatdoweknowaboutnicotine?A.Ithelpsquitdrinking.B.Itmakespeoplesleepy.C.Itweakenstheeffectofalcohol.20.Whatismentionedatlast?A.Themethodoftheresearch.B.Thesubjectsoftheresearch.C.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANobodylikestospendmoneyonanewbookonlytofacedisappointmentwhenitdoesn’tliveuptoyourexpectations.Herearethebestbookreviewsitestohelpyouavoidbuyingbooksthatyou’llregretreading.GoodreadsGoodreadsistheleadingonlinecommunityforbooklovers.Ifyouwantsomeinspirationforwhichnovelorbiographytoreadnext,thisisthebestbookreviewsitetovisit.Thereareanendlessnumberofuser-generatedreadingliststoexplore.FantasyBookReviewFantasyBookReviewshouldbehighonthelistforanyonewhoisafanoffantasyworks.Thebookreviewsitepublishesreviewsforbothchildren’sbooksandadults’books.Ithasasectiononthetopfantasybooksofalltime.BooklistBooklistisaprintmagazinethatalsooffersanonlineportal.TrustedexpertsfromtheAmericanLibraryAssociationwriteallthebookreviews.Youcanseepartsofreviewsfordifferentbooks.However,toreadtheminfull,youwillneedtosubscribe.YouTubeYouTubeisnotthetypeofplacethatimmediatelyspringstomindwhenyouthinkofthebestbookreviewsitesonline.However,thereareseveralengagingYouTubechannelsthatfrequentlyofferopinionsonbooksthey’veread.Althoughit’seasytobeattractedbyanimpressivebookcover,it’salwaysbesttohaveaquicklookatthebookreviewsbeforeactuallybuyingacopy.Thisway,youcansaveyourmoneyandspenditonthebooksthatyou’llbeproudtodisplayonyourshelvesforalongtime.1.Whichsitebestsuitspeoplewhowanttobuyabiography?A.Goodreads. B.FantasyBookReview. C.Booklist. D.YouTube.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonBooklist?A.Editbookreviews. B.Discusswithexperts.C.Readfullreviewsafterpayment. D.Findinformationaboutwriters.3.Whatisrecommendedbeforebuyingabook?A.Notingthebookcover. B.Readingthebookreviews.C.Preparingadisplayshelf. D.Checkingthebook’sratings.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個書評網(wǎng)站的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ifyouwantsomeinspirationforwhichnovelorbiographytoreadnext,thisisthebestbookreviewsitetovisit.(如果你想要一些下一本小說或傳記的靈感，這是最好的書評網(wǎng)站訪問)”可知，Goodreads最適合想買傳記的人。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Youcanseepartsofreviewsfordifferentbooks.However,toreadtheminfull,youwillneedtosubscribe.(你可以看到不同書籍的部分評論。然而，要完整閱讀它們，你需要訂閱)”可知，訪客可以在Booklist上付款后閱讀完整的評論。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Althoughit’seasytobeattractedbyanimpressivebookcover,it’salwaysbesttohaveaquicklookatthebookreviewsbeforeactuallybuyingacopy.(盡管人們很容易被一本令人印象深刻的書的封面所吸引，但在真正購買之前，最好還是快速瀏覽一下書評)”可知，在買書之前，建議閱讀書評。故選B。BIt’saclassicstory:Akidisforcedtolearnaninstrumentfromayoungage,theyplayitthroughouttheirchildhood,andtheydevelopabittersweetrelationshipwithit.Istheconstantbattlebetweentheloveforthemusicandthehatefortheconstantchallengeworththefight?Forme,itwas.IstartedplayingthepianowhenIwasfour-thatwas15yearsago!Thiswashugecommitment,sotheremusthavebeensomethingworthholdingonto,right?TheeasyguessisthatIwaspurelyinlovewithmusicandpiano.Althoughthat’sthesweetertale,it’sabitmorecomplicated.Istruggledalotwithpiano.Familyandpeerswere,atleastinmyownhead,constantlyplacedbesidemeincompetition.Ifeltpressuretobethebestinordertoprovesomethingtoothers-andmoredevastatingly(破壞性地)toprovesomethingtomyself.Theseedofmymusicalinterestwasgrowninthesunlightofcompetitionanddoubt.Hatesprouted(滋生)whenmyself-criticismhittoohard.It’sdifficulttolearntolovesomethingthatdidn’toriginatefromlove.Forawhile,pianowasmoreofanannoyancethanahobby.Butsomehow,lovegrew.Itwasdeeplyburied.Butitwasthere,andbyhighschool,itwasstrongenoughthatwhenIwastrulyonthevergeofquittinganykindofformaltraining.Ifoundthestrengthtoholdontighter,anddigfurther.Iswitchedteachers,andgotincrediblyluckywithonewhohelpedmetunnelintowhatIloved.Ilearnedpiecesformyself,Icomposedformyself,andIfoundconfidencenotbecauseIgot“goodenough,”butbecauseIlearnedthatanythingIhadwasgoodenough.TheloveandhateI’vehadforthepianowerebothplantedandgrown.Ifyoutoohavelearnedtohatesomething,rememberthatwithcommitment,itcanbeuprooted,andlovecanmakeahomeinitsplace.Thereisalwaystime.Thereisalwaysroom.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingaclassicstory?A.Thebenefitsofmusic.B.Kids’struggleinlearninginstruments.C.Kids’bittersweetchildhood.D.Thepopularityoflearninginstruments.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sexperienceofplayingthepiano?A.Shefinallyquitformaltraining.B.Shenevertreateditasherhobby.C.Shewasinpurelovewithmusicandpiano.D.Sheonceexperiencedgreatpressurefromherself.6.Whathelpedtheauthorfindconfidence?A.Herattitude. B.Hertraining.C.Hercompromise. D.Herachievement.7.Whatmessageismainlydeliveredinthepassage?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Loveisathingthatgrows.C.Contentisbetterthanriches.D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】Z這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述自己在學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴過程中的愛與恨以及自己感悟。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“It’saclassicstory:Akidisforcedtolearnaninstrumentfromayoungage,theyplayitthroughouttheirchildhood,andtheydevelopabittersweetrelationshipwithit.Istheconstantbattlebetweentheloveforthemusicandthehatefortheconstantchallengeworththefight?Forme,itwas.(這是一個經(jīng)典的故事：一個孩子從小就被迫學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器，他們在整個童年時期都在演奏，并與之發(fā)展出苦樂參半的關(guān)系。對音樂的熱愛和對不斷挑戰(zhàn)的憎恨之間不斷的斗爭值得嗎？對我來說，是的。)”可知，文章講故事是為了說明孩子們在學(xué)樂器方面的掙扎，然后引出介紹自己的情況。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Ifeltpressuretobethebestinordertoprovesomethingtoothers-andmoredevastatingly(破壞性地)toprovesomethingtomyself.Theseedofmymusicalinterestwasgrowninthesunlightofcompetitionanddoubt.(為了向別人證明一些東西，我感受到了成為最好的人的壓力——更具毀滅性的是，為了向自己證明一些東西。我對音樂的興趣在競爭和懷疑的陽光下生長。)”可知，作者曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了來自自己的巨大壓力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ilearnedpiecesformyself,Icomposedformyself,andIfoundconfidencenotbecauseIgot“goodenough,”butbecauseIlearnedthatanythingIhadwasgoodenough.(我為自己學(xué)習(xí)曲子，為自己作曲，我找到了自信，不是因?yàn)槲摇白銐蚝谩?，而是因?yàn)槲抑牢宜鶕碛械囊磺卸甲銐蚝谩?”可知，作者找到自信地原因是自己態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變，對一切的重新認(rèn)識。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“It’sdifficulttolearntolovesomethingthatdidn’toriginatefromlove.(很難學(xué)會去愛一些不是源于愛的東西。)”以及文章最后一段“TheloveandhateI’vehadforthepianowerebothplantedandgrown.Ifyoutoohavelearnedtohatesomething,rememberthatwithcommitment,itcanbeuprooted,andlovecanmakeahomeinitsplace.Thereisalwaystime.Thereisalwaysroom.(我對鋼琴的愛和恨都是種下的，也是成長的。如果你也學(xué)會了憎恨某件事，請記住，有了承諾，它可以被連根拔起，愛可以在它的地方建立一個家。時間總是有的?？臻g也總是有的。)”以及上下文可知，文章通過自己練鋼琴的經(jīng)歷領(lǐng)悟到：對東西的愛是可以逐漸培養(yǎng)形成的，所以B項(xiàng)Loveisathingthatgrows(愛是一種成長的東西)符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。CAroundtheglobefarmorebirdspeciesarelosinggroundthangaining,accordingtoanexpansivereviewofahalf-centuryofbirdpopulationresearchpublishedinthejournalAnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResourcesinMay.Thereview,entitledTheStateoftheWorld’sBirds,showedthatmorethan5,200differentspeciesofbirds-justshyofhalftheworld’stotal-areknownorsuspectedtobedeclining.Around3,800speciesarerelativelystable,andfewerthan700speciesshowincreases.AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.“Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally,”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.Thereviewpointstodisappearinganddegradedhabitat-resultingfromclimatechange,urbanization,agriculturalintensification,andinternationaltrade-astheleadingdriverofbirddeclinesworldwide.Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcouldavert60%oflikelyextinctions.LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources,”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”8.InwhatorderarethreatenedspeciesarrangedontheIUCN’sRedList?A.Speciesquantity. B.Livinghabitat. C.Decliningrate. D.Conservationstatus.9.HowdoesKenRosenbergfeelwhensayingthewords?A.Hopeful. B.Relieved. C.Doubtful. D.Concerned.10.Whatdoestheunderlined“avert”meaninparagraph4?A.Prevent. B.Increase. C.Cause. D.Face.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Extrareasonsforbirdextinction. B.Possiblesolutionstohabitatloss.C.Substantialchangesinhumanbehavior. D.Theprospectofbiodiversityloss.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了今年5月發(fā)表在《環(huán)境與資源年度評論》雜志上的一篇對半個世紀(jì)鳥類種群研究的綜述稱，在全球范圍內(nèi)，失去的鳥類物種遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于增加的鳥類物種。這篇題為《世界鳥類狀況》的綜述顯示，超過5200種不同的鳥類——略少于世界鳥類總數(shù)的一半——已知或懷疑正在減少。文章主要對鳥類保護(hù)展開了說明?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.(在世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟瀕危物種紅色名錄上的鳥類中，全球有近400種鳥類的保護(hù)狀況在過去30年里發(fā)生了惡化（從易危到受威脅，或從受威脅到瀕危）——這是國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟保護(hù)狀況好轉(zhuǎn)的鳥類數(shù)量的5倍多)”可知，世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟紅色名錄上的瀕危物種是按保護(hù)狀況排列的。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally,”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.(“根據(jù)2019年發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究，僅在記錄了北美地區(qū)近30億只鳥類的損失后，看到同樣的數(shù)量下降和滅絕模式在全球發(fā)生，令人不安”該綜述的合著者、現(xiàn)已從科梅爾鳥類學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室退休的保護(hù)科學(xué)家肯·羅森伯格說)”可知，肯·羅森伯格說這句話感到擔(dān)憂。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcould”以及后文“60%oflikelyextinctions”可知，在一份充滿希望的報告中，作者引用了2020年的一項(xiàng)研究，該研究表明，只要恢復(fù)世界各地重點(diǎn)地區(qū)5%的棲息地，就可以阻止60%的可能滅絕。故畫線詞意思是“阻止”。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources,”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”(該研究的主要作者、科梅爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室的助理研究員亞歷山大·李斯還指出，為了防止進(jìn)一步的損失，人類行為需要發(fā)生實(shí)質(zhì)性的改變?！皸⒌氐膯适Ш屯嘶怯蓪Y源的需求引起的，”李斯說?！拔覀冃枰玫乜紤]牛肉、石油和種子作物等商品流動是如何導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的，并努力減少人類對自然界的足跡。”)”可知，最后一段主要講的是棲息地喪失的可能解決辦法。故選B。DWhydosomemensettledowntoformfamilieswiththemothersoftheirchildren,andothersdon’t?Biologyplaysarole.WorkpublishedbyLeeGettleroftheUniversityofNotreDame,inIndiana,clarifieshowtestosterone,theprincipalmalehormone(荷爾蒙),operates.Previousstudiessuggestthathighlevelsoftestosteronearebadforfamilylife.Fatherswithlowertestosteronelevelsprovidemorechildcarewhilehigh-testosteronemalesarelesslikelytostickaround.DrGettlerhasshownsomethingfurther.Thisisthataman’sadulttestosteronelevelseemscorrelatedwithwhetherhisfatherwaspresentduringhisteenageyears.HisdatacomefromasurveybeguninthePhilippinesin1983.Thismonitoredthehealthandnutritionof966menenrolledasbabies.Italsocollectedextensiveinformationonwhetherthefathersofthesemenwerearoundandprovidingparentalcareinthehouseholds.Itfurtherdocumentedwhetherparticipantsgotmarried,hadchildrenandwhethertheyparticipatedinchildcare.Crucially,italsomeasuredtheirtestosteronelevelsattheagesof21,26and30.Overall,DrGettlerandhiscolleaguesfoundthatonbecomingfathers,menhadlowertestosteronelevelsiftheirownfathershadbeeninvolvedintheircareduringtheirteenageyears.Ithastwopossibleexplanations.Oneisthatitisdirectlygenetic(基因的).Theotheristhatteenageexperienceactuallymodulates(調(diào)節(jié))testosteronelevels.Thisexplanation,whichDrGettlerfavors,couldleadtohigh-testosteronemenabandoningtheirsons,whothusbecomehigh-testosteroneintheirturn.Healsofoundsomeofthoseinthesurveywhosefatherswereabsentduringtheiradolescence,andwhoendedupwithhighlevelsofthehormone,didbecomecaringfathers.Whythispatternshouldexistisanunansweredquestion.Butazoologistlookingatthesedatamighttakeitasanexampleofdevelopmentalplasticity(可塑性),inwhichthesamegenesproducedifferent,butappropriate,outcomesindifferentcircumstances.DrGettler’sdiscoverythrowsausefullightontheproblemoffatherlessfamilies,andhowtotrytoendit.12.WhatisGettler’sstudymainlyabout?A.Familylife. B.Fathers’roles.C.Adulttestosterone. D.Childcare.13.WhatcanbelearntaboutDrGettler’sstudy?A.Itwasconductedamongbabies.B.Thefindingisfarfromsatisfactory.C.Thedatausedwererelativelyreliable.D.Itmonitoredthenutritionofparticipants.14.Whyisthezoologistmentionedinthepassage?A.Tosuggestafollow-upstudy.B.TocontradictGettler’sideas.C.Topointoutthestudylimitations.DTogiveapossibleexplanation.15Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LikeFather,LikeSon?B.CaringFather,HappySon?C.GoodFather,GoodSonD.LoveMe,LoveMySon【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述印第安納州圣母大學(xué)的李·蓋特勒（LeeGettler）發(fā)表的研究闡明了一個男人的成年睪酮水平似乎與他父親在青少年時期是否在場有關(guān)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Whydosomemensettledowntoformfamilieswiththemothersoftheirchildren,andothersdon’t?Biologyplaysarole.WorkpublishedbyLeeGettleroftheUniversityofNotreDame,inIndiana,clarifieshowtestosterone,theprincipalmalehormone(荷爾蒙),operates.(為什么有些男人會安頓下來與孩子的母親組建家庭，而其他人卻沒有？生物學(xué)起了作用。印第安納州圣母大學(xué)的李·蓋特勒發(fā)表的研究闡明了男性主要荷爾蒙睪酮是如何運(yùn)作的)”以及第二段“DrGettlerhasshownsomethingfurther.Thisisthataman’sadulttestosteronelevelseemscorrelatedwithwhetherhisfatherwaspresentduringhisteenageyears.(Gettler博士展示了更進(jìn)一步的東西。這意味著，一個男人的成年睪酮水平似乎與他父親在青少年時期是否在場有關(guān))”可知，Gettler主要研究的是成年睪酮水平。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“HisdatacomefromasurveybeguninthePhilippinesin1983.Thismonitoredthehealthandnutritionof966menenrolledasbabies.Italsocollectedextensiveinformationonwhetherthefathersofthesemenwerearoundandprovidingparentalcareinthehouseholds.Itfurtherdocumentedwhetherparticipantsgotmarried,hadchildrenandwhethertheyparticipatedinchildcare.Crucially,italsomeasuredtheirtestosteronelevelsattheagesof21,26and30.(他的數(shù)據(jù)來自于1983年在菲律賓開始的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查。這項(xiàng)調(diào)查監(jiān)測了966名嬰兒期男性的健康和營養(yǎng)狀況。它還收集了關(guān)于這些男子的父親是否在身邊以及在家庭中提供父母照顧的廣泛信息。它進(jìn)一步記錄了參與者是否結(jié)婚、生子以及是否參與兒童保育。至關(guān)重要的是，它還測量了他們在21歲、26歲和30歲時的睪酮水平)”可知，Gettler研究所用的數(shù)據(jù)是相對可靠的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Whythispatternshouldexistisanunansweredquestion.Butazoologistlookingatthesedatamighttakeitasanexampleofdevelopmentalplasticity(可塑性),inwhichthesamegenesproducedifferent,butappropriate,outcomesindifferentcircumstances.(為什么這種模式應(yīng)該存在是一個尚未回答的問題。但一位研究這些數(shù)據(jù)的動物學(xué)家可能會將其作為發(fā)育可塑性的一個例子，其中相同的基因在不同的情況下產(chǎn)生不同但合適的結(jié)果)”可知，作者提到動物學(xué)家是為了給前面的問題提供一種解釋。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“DrGettlerhasshownsomethingfurther.Thisisthataman’sadulttestosteronelevelseemscorrelatedwithwhetherhisfatherwaspresentduringhisteenageyears.(Gettler博士展示了更進(jìn)一步的東西。這意味著，一個男人的成年睪酮水平似乎與他父親在青少年時期是否在場有關(guān))”和第四段“Overall,DrGettlerandhiscolleaguesfoundthatonbecomingfathers,menhadlowertestosteronelevelsiftheirownfathershadbeeninvolvedintheircareduringtheirteenageyears.(總的來說，蓋特勒博士和他的同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)父親時，如果自己的父親在青少年時期參與了他們的照顧，男性的睪酮水平會更低)”以及上下文可知，文章主要講父親睪酮水平和兒子的睪酮水平的關(guān)系。由此可知，A項(xiàng)LikeFather,LikeSon?(有其父必有其子？)適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Emotionalpainispartoflife.___16___Whetherthepainisassociatedwithloss,failure,ordisappointment,youmustdevelopastrategytolessenandmanagethestruggle.Bytakingactionyouwilllearntocopewithemotionalpain.Seekhelpfromthoseclosetoyou.Askingforhelpcanbeawkward.However,ifyouletsomeoneknowthatyouaretryingtomakespecificchangesinyourlife,itwillincreasethelikelihoodofyoursuccess.___17___Itisimportantforyoutoletothersknowwhatyouaretryingtoachieve.___18___Sittingaroundmissingsomeonewillonlymakeyoufeelworse.Sometimesyouneedtooccupyyourselfwithnew,moreinterestingthingstodo.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutlearningtoplayamusicalinstrumentorbecomingamastergardener?Nowmightbeyourtime.Volunteeryourtimetoacause.Onewayofcopingwithemotionalpainistovolunteeryourtime,resources,orexpertisetoaworthycauseorindividual.Volunteeringwillhelpyoudevelopnewskills,andbeginorstrengthenyourconnectionwithyourcommunity.Itcanalsoprovideaboosttoyourself-esteemandpersonaldevelopment.___19___Makeaplantobuildcopingskills.Followingaproblem-solvingmodelwillgiveyouastructureforcreatingchange.Youmustdetermineclearobjectives,carrythemout,makeadjustmentsasneededandmonitoryourprogress.___20___Youcanlessenyourstrictadherence(遵守)tothestepsofyourplanandmaintainpositiveoutcomes.A.Focusonthepositive.B.Youwillfeela“giver’shigh”.C.Fillyourschedulewithnewagendaitems.D.Knowingthatdoesn’tseemtomakeitanyeasier.E.Emotionalpain,however,cantakemuchlongertowearoff.F.Yournewbehaviorswillbuildovertimeandbecomesecondnaturetoyou.G.Astrongsupportnetworkcanhelpyoucopewithyourpainmoreeffectively.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何應(yīng)對情緒上的痛苦?！?6題詳解】空前說“Emotionalpainispartoflife.(情感上的痛苦是生活的一部分。)”，空后說“Whetherthepainisassociatedwithloss,failure,ordisappointment,youmustdevelopastrategytolessenandmanagethestruggle.(無論痛苦是與失去、失敗或失望有關(guān)，你必須制定一種策略來減少和管理這種掙扎。)”，因此光是知道痛苦的存在是不夠的，還要找方法來克服這個問題，D選項(xiàng)“Knowingthatdoesn’tseemtomakeitanyeasier.(知道這一點(diǎn)似乎并沒有讓事情變得更容易。)”說明了還需要想辦法解決痛苦，故選D?！?7題詳解】本段的主題句是“Seekhelpfromthoseclosetoyou.(向你親近的人尋求幫助。)”，因此本段是關(guān)于尋求幫助的，G選項(xiàng)“Astrongsupportnetworkcanhelpyoucopewithyourpainmoreeffectively.(一個強(qiáng)大的支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以幫助你更有效地應(yīng)對你的痛苦。)”說明尋求他人支持和幫助的好處，因此符合本段語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“Sittingaroundmissingsomeonewillonlymakeyoufeelworse.Sometimesyouneedtooccupyyourselfwithnew,moreinterestingthingstodo.(坐在那里想念一個人只會讓你感覺更糟。有時你需要做一些新的、更有趣的事情。)”可知，本段主要講的是要找一些新的事情來做，C選項(xiàng)“Fillyourschedulewithnewagendaitems.(用新的議程項(xiàng)目填滿你的日程表。)”說明了找新的事情來每天進(jìn)行，因此C選項(xiàng)概括本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選C?！?9題詳解】空前說“Volunteeringwillhelpyoudevelopnewskills,andbeginorstrengthenyourconnectionwithyourcommunity.Itcanalsoprovideaboosttoyourself-esteemandpersonaldevelopment.(志愿服務(wù)將幫助你培養(yǎng)新的技能，并開始或加強(qiáng)你與社區(qū)的聯(lián)系。它還能促進(jìn)你的自尊和個人發(fā)展。)”，B選項(xiàng)“Youwillfeela“giver’shigh”.(你會感到“給予者的快感”。)”中的“給予者”也就是空前所說的做志愿者，且說明了做志愿服務(wù)能帶來的好處，因此B選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選B。【20題詳解】空前說“Youmustdetermineclearobjectives,carrythemout,makeadjustmentsasneededandmonitoryourprogress.(你必須確定明確的目標(biāo)，執(zhí)行它們，根據(jù)需要做出調(diào)整，監(jiān)督你的進(jìn)展。)”，空后說“Youcanlessenyourstrictadherence(遵守)tothestepsofyourplanandmaintainpositiveoutcomes.(你可以減少對計(jì)劃步驟的嚴(yán)格遵守，并保持積極的結(jié)果。)”，說明要適應(yīng)新的行為，不需要堅(jiān)持之前的計(jì)劃不變，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Yournewbehaviorswillbuildovertimeandbecomesecondnaturetoyou.(隨著時間的推移，你的新行為會逐漸形成，并成為你的第二天性。)”說明了新行為是完全可以適應(yīng)的，因此F選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIgotmyfirstsmartphone,Ilovedit.Itgavemeinstant___21___tomymusic,thousandsofphotosandvideosanda(n)___22___ofinformation.Butovertime,myfeelingsbecamecontroversial.Iwouldrepeatedly___23___myemail,shoponlineforstuffIdidn’tneedand___24___clickonlinkstowebsites.I’doften___25___tomyhusbandandtomyseven-year-oldson,Louis,thatIfelttrappedbyit.SoIbegantoresearchstudiesonthementalhealtheffectsofsmartphoneuse.I___26___thatsmartphonesarelinkedwithanxiety,depressionandpoorsleepquality.Unsurprisingly,theyalsoimpactyourabilityto___27___andtoremaininthepresentmomentwithyourkids.___28___,onedaylastsummer,whileIwasplayingwithLouis,Iwasonceagaindistracted(分心)bydingsandpings.Hefinallyrelatedtomycomplaintsaboutmysmartphone:“Mommy,just___29___,please!”Idecidedtotry.Insteadofgoingcoldturkey—no___30___atall—Iboughtaflipphone(翻蓋手機(jī))andcellplanfor$30amonth.Withnotouchscreen,textingis___31___.Ican’taccessemail,musicorsocialmediaanddon’teventrybrowsingthewebwithoutatouchscreen.Whiletheadjustmenthasn’talwaysbeensmoothsailing,it’s___32___thanIthoughtitwouldbeandthebenefitsareworthit.NowwhenI’mplayingwithmyson,Icanseethepositiveeffect___33___hissmiles.Andafterhe’sgonetobed,insteadoffixingmyeyesonthe___34___,Ilightcandles,grababookand___35___theatmosphereoftheroomI’min.21.A.solution B.response C.access D.reaction22.A.world B.form C.exchange D.piece23.A.receive B.write C.answer D.refresh24.A.skillfully B.occasionally C.hurriedly D.constantly25.A.talk B.complain C.prove D.return26.A.predicted B.discovered C.considered D.claimed27.A.email B.reply C.smile D.parent28.A.Hence B.However C.Then D.Still29.A.takeitback B.giveitup C.breakitdown D.sortitout30.A.charge B.money C.cellphone D.plan31.A.heart-breaking B.time-consuming C.eye-opening D.energy-saving32.A.easier B.cooler C.stricter D.longer33.A.in B.of C.on D.with34.A.face B.bed C.screen D.book35.A.create B.lighten C.change D.enjoy【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.D25.B26.B27.D28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沉迷于手機(jī)，于是調(diào)整適用翻蓋手機(jī)，最終作者適應(yīng)了沒有智能手機(jī)的生活，開始和家人專心相處?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它讓我可以立即訪問我的音樂，成千上萬的照片和視頻，以及一個信息的世界。A.solution解決方案；B.response回答；C.access入口；D.reaction反應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“tomymusic,thousandsofphotosandvideos”指可以訪問音樂、照片和視頻，應(yīng)用accessto。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它讓我可以立即訪問我的音樂，成千上萬的照片和視頻，以及一個信息的世界。A.world世界；B.form表格；C.exchange交換；D.piece片。根據(jù)后文“ofinformation”可知手機(jī)讓作者可以進(jìn)入一個信息的世界。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我會反復(fù)刷新我的電子郵件，在網(wǎng)上購買我不需要的東西，不斷點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)站鏈接。A.receive收到；B.write寫；C.answer回答；D.refresh使恢復(fù)精神，刷新。根據(jù)后文“myemail,shoponlineforstuffIdidn’tneed”指反復(fù)刷新電子郵件，故選D。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我會反復(fù)刷新我的電子郵件，在網(wǎng)上購買我不需要的東西，不斷點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)站鏈接。A.skillfully巧妙地；B.occasionally偶爾；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.constantly不斷地。根據(jù)后文“clickonlinkstowebsites”可知此處是在說明手機(jī)帶來的問題，讓作者反復(fù)刷新電子郵件、在網(wǎng)上購買不需要的東西以及不斷點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)站鏈接。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我經(jīng)常向我的丈夫和我7歲的兒子路易斯抱怨，我覺得自己被它困住了。A.talk談話；B.complain抱怨；C.prove證明；D.return返回。根據(jù)后文“thatIfelttrappedbyit”可知作者在抱怨被手機(jī)困住了。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)智能手機(jī)與焦慮、抑郁和睡眠質(zhì)量差有關(guān)。A.predicted預(yù)測；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.considered考慮；D.claimed聲稱。根據(jù)后文“thatsmartphonesarelinkedwithanxiety,depressionandpoorsleepquality”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了智能手機(jī)與焦慮、抑郁和睡眠質(zhì)量差有關(guān)。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不出所料，它們也會影響你為人父母的能力，影響你和孩子呆在當(dāng)下的能力。A.email郵件；B.reply回答；C.smile微笑；D.parent父親（或母親），為人父母。根據(jù)后文“remaininthepresentmomentwithyourkids”可知手機(jī)影響了為人父母的能力，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天一天，當(dāng)我和路易斯玩的時候，我又一次被叮叮叮的聲音分散了注意力。A.Hence因此；B.However然而；C.Then然后；D.Still仍然。作者和兒子玩耍是之后發(fā)生的事情，then符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他最后談到了我對智能手機(jī)的抱怨：“媽媽，拜托你放棄使用手機(jī)吧!”A.takeitback拿回來；B.giveitup放棄；C.breakitdown出故障；D.sortitout分類。上文提到作者被手機(jī)分散了注意力，所以兒子這里表示讓作者放棄使用手機(jī)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有突然戒掉手機(jī)，而是每月花30美元買了一個翻蓋手機(jī)和手機(jī)套餐。A.charge電量；B.money錢；C.cellphone手機(jī)；D.plan計(jì)劃。根據(jù)后文“Iboughtaflipphoneandcellplanfor$30amonth”可知，作者沒有突然戒掉手機(jī)，而是每月花30美元買了一個翻蓋手機(jī)和手機(jī)套餐。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于沒有觸摸屏，發(fā)短信非常耗時。A.heart-breaking令人心碎的；B.time-consuming耗時的；