江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2021-2022學年高三上學期期中考試英語試卷

第第頁鎮(zhèn)江市2021～2022學年度第一學期高三期中英語試卷注意∶1.注意∶1.本試卷分第一卷（選擇題）和第二卷（非選擇題）兩部分。2.兩部分答案都做在答題卡上。3.總分為150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Changethesweater.B.Returnthesweater.C.Buyanothersweater.2.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabank.C.Inacarpark.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Speeduphiscar.B.Slowdownhiscar.C.Stophiscar.4.Whenwillthegoodsarrive?A.OnFebruary16.B.OnFebruary17.C.OnFebruary19.5.Whatdoesthemanwanttoeatnow?A.Bread.B.Strawberries.C.Chips.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.7.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Callthepolice.B.Listentotheradio.C.Getoutandhelptheguy.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydidthemanquitthemarathonrace?A.Therewassomethingwrongwithhislegs.B.Theweatherwasterrible.C.Hefelttotired.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisdecisiontoquittherace?A.Surprising.B.Regrettable.C.Wise.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Oldschoolmates.C.Colleagues.11.Whatdoesthemansayabouthislivingplace?A.It'sneartheocean.B.It'sveryhot.C.It'sinatown.12.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inauniversity.B.Inatravelagency.C.Inatradingcompany.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Togetsomeadvice.B.Tomakeanapology.C.Toaskforleave.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heismajoringinbusinessadministration.B.HeisasenioratKryptosC.Heisstudyinginhishometown.15.WhatwillthemanhavetodoifhegoestoCentralA.Sendeducationalrecords.B.Takeextracourses.C.Changemajors.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Makeaphonecalltohisparent.B.Movebacktohishometown.C.Searchformoreinformation.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichisthehardesttripthespeakerhaseverhad?A.A"roundtheword"journey.B.A50,000-milejourneyaroundthePacificOcean.C.AcarjourneyfromtheNorthPoletotheSouthPole.18.Whydoesthespeakerwanttochangehisoldwayoftraveling?A.Itmakeshimunhealthy.B.Itistootiring.C.Itisunpleasant.19.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofhisprogramsaboutlongtrips?A.Theyareinspiring.B.Theyareordinary.C.Theyarestrange.20.Whatwillthespeakerprobablywrite?A.Fiction.B.Poetry.C.Newspaperarticles.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A1.WaroftheWorldsbyH.G.WellsPublishedin1897,thissciencefictionhasinspiredcountlessnovelssincethenandstillcontinuestofascinateitsreaders.Theunnamedheroisoneofthefirstwitnessesofastrange-lookingmeteorite（隕石）inEngland.Notlongafter，itisapparentthatthemeteoriteisMartianandaninvasionisaroundthecorner,Whatisitlikeforman,thedominatedofearth,tobedominatedbyaraceofaliens?2.TheDuneSaga（沙丘）byFrankHerbertPublishedfrom1965-1985,theDuneSagacontains6novelsandiswidelyconsideredthegreatestepicofsciencefiction.Insteadofstickingtoasinglecharacter,thesenovelsbeginwithPaulAtreides,firstasonofanoblefamilyandthentheemperoroftheknownuniverse.ThenovelsfollowPaul'sdescendants(后裔),endingbyrevealingthefateofhisplanet,Arrakis,andthefateofhisgenerations.3.TheSpaceTrilogybyC.S.LewisThisseriescontainsthreebooksthatwerepublishedfrom1938-1945.Lewisexploresthenatureofhumanitybytakingthemaincharacter,Dr.ElwinRansom,outsideofEarthandtotheplanetsofMarsandVenus.Ontheseplanets，thelocalresidentsarenotcorrupted(腐敗),butcorruptionfromEarththreatensthem.WhenRansomreturnstoEarthinthefinalbook,corruptionevengreaterthanwhenheleftawaitshimthere.4.Fahrenheit451byRayBradburyThefuturesocietyinthepriceless1953novelismadeworsebytechnology.RayBradburydiscussestheimportanceofbooksbyusingsuchasocietythatbursthem.Themaincharacter,GuyMontag,isafireman,someonewhoburnsbooksandthehousesthatcontainthem.Thecultureobsesses(著迷)withthesocietyoftelevisionbutdoesn'trealizethevalue--andthefreedom--thatcomeswithliterature.21.WhereisDr.ElwinRansomoriginallyfrom?A.Earth.B.Venus.C.Mars.D.Arrakis.22.Whichbookexploresthepotentialfortechnologytomakehumanslessfre?A.WaroftheWorlds.C.TheSpaceTrilogy.B.TheDuneSaga.D.Fahrenheit451.23.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyshowanimaginaryworld.B.Theyeachhavetwomaincharacters.C.Theyexplorethenatureofhumanity.D.Theywerepublishedinthe20ucentury.BIn1868six-year-oldLauraJernegan,herparents,andherbabybrother,Prescott,setsailfromNewBedford,Massachusetts.Thiswasnovacationcruise.Laura'sfather,captainofthewhaleshipRoman,washuntingthemightiUnwillingtobeseparatedfromhisfamilyforthreetofouryearswhilehemadeoceanvoyagesthousandsofmilesfromhome,CaptainJernegantookthemwithhimtoshareintheadventure—andthedanger-oflifeatsea.Inthemid-1800s,asmanyasoneinsixAmericanwhaling,captainstooktheirfamiliesonvoyages.Whatwasitliketoliveonawhaleship?ThediaryLaurakeptwhileshewasatseaoffersalookintoherunusualchildhood.Shewasfascinatedbyherfather'sjob.Whentheship'slookoutspottedawhale,Laurarecordeditinherdiary."Ihopeweshallgethim,"shewrote.Shewatchedasthemenrushedtotheirwhaleboatsandchasedthewhales.Assoonasawhalewascaught,thecrewbegantoprocessit.Firstthecrew"cutin"thewhalebyremovingitsthickblanketofblubber（鯨脂）.Afterthrowingpiecesofblubberintolargepots，twomenwould"getinthepotsandsquish(擠)outtheblubber,"Laurawrote.Itmusthavebeenastrangesightbecausethesailorswere"wayuptotheirknees"inthegreasyfat,shereported.Nowcamethehot,smoky,andsmellypar.Abrickfurnace(火爐)wasfiredup,andtheblubberwastriedout,orboiledintooil.Onehugewhaleproducedenoughoiltofillseventy-fivebarrels,shenotedindisbelief.WhentheJernegansreturnedhome,theoilwouldbesoldforthebestpricepossible.Whaleoilwasimportantduringmostofthenineteenthcentury.Itwasusedtolightlampsandtomakecandles.TwoandahalfyearsaftershehadleftNewBedford,deep-wateradventurecametoanabruptend.TheJerneganswerewhalingintheSouthPacificwhenseveralcrewmembersmutinied(反叛).Fortunately,themutinywasstoppedbeforeanyonegotkilled.Herparentswereterrified.Theydecidedthatawhaleshipwasnoplaceforchildren.Laura,Prescott,andMrs.JerneganheadedstraightbacktotheUnitedStatesonapassengership,andCaptainJernegancontinuedhiswhalingvoyage.Thisera,oftencalledthegoldenageofwhaling,wasoverinthelatenineteenthcentury.Yetonegirl'sdiaryhashelpedtoensurethatthischapterinAmerica'sseafaringhistorywillnotbeforgott24.WhydidCaptainJernegantakehisfamilyoutonawhalehunt?A.Toexperiencethepleasantlifeatsea.B.Tospendanicevacationwithhisfamily.C.Toavoidalongseparationfromhisfamily.D.Tofollowinthefootstepsofothercaptains.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutprocessingthehuntedwhales?A.Lauraofferedhelptothework.B.Itwasveryhardanddirtywork.C.Itstartedfromboilingtheblubber.D.Theworkerscouldn'tstandtheheatandbadsmell.26.WhydidCaptainJernegansendhiswifeandchildrenhome?A.Heworriedabouttheirsafety.B.Laurahadnofriendsonhisship.C.Therehappenedtobeapassengership.D.Theyhadbeenawayfromhometoolong.27.WhatcanweinferfromLaura'sdairy?A.Herfatherstoppedwhalingafterthemutiny.B.Huntingwhaleswaschallengingbutrewarding.C.Shethoughtdeep-wateradventureswereboring.D.The20thcenturywasthcgoldenageofwhaling.CWhendidyoulastwritealetter?Properlywriteon—byhand?Inadigitalworld,wheresendingatextoremailisfarmoreconvenientthanusingsnailmail,isthewritingonthewallfortraditionalpenandpaper?Well,somepeopleclaimthatwritingstillhasmanybenefits,somaybeit'snottimetoditchyourballpoint(圓珠筆)orfountainpen(鋼筆)yet.Thesedays,whenpeoplerequestthingsinwriting,atyped,electronicdocumentwillbeaccepted.Doingthisonacomputermeansitcouldbesaved,edited,copiedandsentviaemail.Butcraftingahandwritingdocumentisunique:Itrequiresplanningandthought,and,aswellaspractisingyourhandwriting,ithelpsyoutorememberspellingandpunctuation.Someexpertsbelieveyourbrainbenefitsfromusingold-fashionedpenandpaper.Thisisparticularlyrelevantforstudents,wheretypingnotesintoalaptopisthoughttolackthe"tactilefeedback"(觸覺反饋)tothebrainthatcontactbetweenpenandpaperdocs.BBCWorklifewebsitequotesHettyRoessinghfromtheUniversityofCalgary,whosaysthat"takingnotesbyhandinvolvescognitive(認知的)engagementinsummarizing,adapting,organizing.conceptandvocabularymapping.Othersagreethathandwritingmayboostfinemotorskillsinyourhandsandfingers.Thereareeverydaybenefitstousingpenandpapertoo.Scribbling（涂狗）notes，shoppinglistsormessagesonthebackofanenvelopecanstillbeuseful,quickandportable.Butputtingpentopaperinalettertoafriendorlovedonecanprobablyhavethemostimpact.PenpalwriterKatherineMollertoldtheBBC:"Inaworldwhereitissoeasytohoponlinetoemailortosendafasttext,itissopersonalandsoprecioustoknowsomeonechosetoturnoffthevirtualworldtospendsometimewithyou."So,whiledigitalskillsremainimportant,don'twriteoffyourpensandpencilsyet—especiallyifyoursmartphone,tabletorlaptoprunsoutofpower!28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ditch"meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Write.B.Abandon.C.Save.D.Choose.29.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoemphasizeinParagraph2?A.Thepopularityofelectronicdocuments.B.Theconvenienceofelectronicdocuments.C.Thespecialfeaturesofhandwrittendocuments.D.Thebasicrequirementsofhandwrittendocuments.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitofwritingbyhand?A.Itfullydevelopsyourhandmuscles.B.Ithelpsyoutopractiseyourhandwriting.C.Itstrengthensthebondbetweenpenandpaper.D.Itsharpensyourcomprehensivecognitiveabilities.31.WhatcanweinferfromKatherineMoller'swords?A.Itisnecessaryforustoturnoffthevirtualworld.B.Scribblingnotesshouldbepractisedinourdailylife.C.Usingpaperandpenhasthegreatestimpactonourdailylife.D.Writingaletterbyhandcanbeatouchingandvaluableexperience.DRecently,manyclimatechangecampaignsandorganizationshavemarketedthemselvesusingimagesofpolarbearslosingtheirhabitat.Thishasledmanypeopletoviewthepolarbearastheglobalicon(象征物)forourclimatecrisis.Thepolarbearhasbecomesowidespreadbecauseitdoesanexcellentjobofplayingonanaudience'semotionsandconvincingthemthatthereisanurgentproblemonEarth.Theimageryofapolarbearisalsomuchmoreattractivethanascientificgraph(圖表)orchartofincreasingsealevelsorextremeweathereventoccurrences.However,usingpolarbearsastheonlyiconofourchangingclimateisflawed（有錯的）.Forone,itonlyrepresentsoneeffectofclimatechange,globalwarming,andnotclimatechangeitself.Itneglectstoaddressotheraspectssuchasextremeweatherevents,oceanacidification,etc.Whileglobalwarmingisanimportantimpactofclimatechange,theotheraspectsneedtobecommunicatedaswellsinceclimatechangemaynotevencausewarmingincertainpartsoftheworld—itcouldleadtoseveresnowstormsorcolderwintersinstead.Thus,communicatingtheseotherelementsisvitalbecauseitcanreducemuchofthemisinformationsurroundingourclimateandgivestheaudienceamorecomprehensiveunderstandingofourplanet.Moreover,usingpolarbearsisproblematicbecausemostpeopledonotliveanywherenearpolarbearhabitat.Thismakespolarbearsfeelfarremovedfromourownpersonalreality-thusmakingclimatechangefeelfarremovedfromourlives.Sinceclimatechangeisanythingbutadistantphenomenon,asymbolthatcommunicatesthewaysinwhichtheclimatecrisisaffectshumanscouldbemoreconvincingandpushmorepeopletoact.Eventhoughusingthepolarbearastheiconofclimatechangeislimitedinconveyingthefullscopeofourclimatecrisis,itcanactasanagentofopeninguptheconversationaboutenvironmentalissuesandinspiringviewerstodivedeeperintolearningaboutclimatechange.32.Whyarepolarbearspreferredasmarketingimages?A.Theirimageryismoreconvincing.B.Theyarelikelytolosetheirhabitats.C.Theyareuniquevictimsoftheclimatecrisis.D.Thedataonthemoftenappearinscientificgraphs.33.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Polarbearsarctheonlyindicatorofclimatechange.B.Climatechangeisboundtoresultinglobalwarming.C.Allelementsofclimatechangehavebeencommunicatedtothepublic.D.Usingpolarbearsastheonlyiconofclimatechangewillcausesomeproblems.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"refertoinParagraph4?A.Failingtounderstandourplanet.B.Refusingtotakeimmediateaction.C.Livingapartfrompolarbearhabitat.D.Usingpolarbearstoexplainclimatechange.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheoccurrenceofclimatechangeB.ThepossibleimpactofclimatechangeC.ThedangeroussymbolofpolarbearsD.Theimportanceofprotectingpolarbears第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FormerHarvardPresidentDrewFaustrecentlywroteofstudentsoverlookingthebenefitoffollowingtheirinterestinatorlinguistics.Thetrendtowardsemployablesubjectsliemathandscienceisreflectedindecisionsofcollegestudentsaswellasprimaryandsecondaryschools.36Groundbreakingworkofcognitiveneuroscientistsrevealswhatwethinkofas"extras"arecentraltostrengtheningourminds.Takemusicasanexample.Astudyshowsthatmusicaltraining,particularlyinstrumentaltraining,produceslonglastingchangesinmotorabilitiesandbrainstructure.Theearlierachildstartsinstrumentaltraining,thestrongertheconnectionbetweentherightandlefthemispheres（半球）ofthebrain.37Whatisfoundinmusiciansisalsocommonamongworld-classathletesandtop-levelmanagers.IsitacoincidencethatRogerFederer,ElonMuskandSteveJob,allstudiedmusicforyearsaschildren?38Sciencebacksthatup.Childrenwhoplayaninstrument30minutesaweekoverthecourseofalittleoverayearhavemorehighlydevelopedbrains.39AStudyingasecondlanguagerestructuresthebrainwhichlastsintoadulthood.Thecortex(大腦皮層),whichhasthegreatestchangeswhenasecondlanguageislearnedduringchildhoodHowaboutphysicaleducation?Apartfromthehumanities(人文學科),newresearchalsorevealschildrenwhogetaerobicexercisetransformtheirbrainsduetoaproteinthatisincreasedduringexercise.Exercisemattersdeeplyforcognitivedevelopmentforkids.40Concentration,evolvedcommunicationskills,andbeingagoodteamplayerarejustafewofthebenefitsresearchshowsextra-curriculumshaveonadevelopingmind.Tome,thatlistreadsasoneImightputtogetherforamodelemployee.A.Thesameistrueforforeignlanguage.B.Therearesoundreasonsfortheconcern.C.Foreignlanguagelearningshouldbegiventoppriorityto.D.Thereisnodoubtthatinstrumentaltrainingshouldbeontheto-dolist.E.Thesechangesthusaffecttheabilitytolistenandcommunicateasanadult.F.Perhaps,buttheyallowecurrentsuces,inpart,tothetraininginthataspect.G.Yet20percentofU.S.schoolsputanendtoitinfavorofincreasedclassroomtime.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItallbeganwhenImovedtoDallasinthefourthgrade.I41thatIwasbehindinmyreadingatSaintMichael'sSchool.Readingoutloud,Ihaddifficultywithhalfthe42Myteacher,Mrs.Agnew,saidmyreadingcomprehensionandabilityto43wordswasatalowerlevelthanotherfourthgraders.ShesuggestedthatIbetestedfordyslexia(閱讀障礙).Thetestmademefeeluncomfortable，andIwas44toanswerthequestions,infearoffacingthe45ThetestresultsshowedthatIhaddevelopmentaldyslexia.AtfirstIfeltdiscouragedbythisdiagnosis(診斷)46eventually,Ibecamedeterminedto47mydisability.Igottutorsandspeechtherapy.Iwouldreaddifficultbooks,hopingto48theconfidenceIhadinmyself.Ihadfinallyovercomemylearningdisability.ButeventhoughIhadconquered(征服)oneofthebiggest49inmylife,IstillThemissinglinkwas50whenIwalkeddownthehallofthehospitalasa51,thesamehospitalwhereIhadonesat,nervousandconfused.BecauseIfeltsoluckythavegotsomuchhelpfromthisfacility,Iwantedto52byhelpingpatientshere.Onedayalittlegirlinawheelchairaskedmetoreadaboother.Ireadthebookvery53sothathecouldunderstandthestory.WhenIleft,thegirlthankedmeforreadingtoher.EightyearsagoIwouldhave54toreadabooktothislittlegirl,butnowIwas55.Ihadovercomemydisabilityandwashelpingotherstoovercometheirs.41.A.declaredB.assumedC.recommendedD.noticed42.A.sentencesB.lecturesC.dictionariesD.chances43.A.chooseB.exchangeC.pronounceD.write44A.motivatedB.scaredC.confusedD.disappointed45.A.treatB.riskC.trickD.failure46.A.butB.soC.orD.unless47.A.denyB.loseC.overcomeD.hide48.A.shakeB.shareC.expressD.increase49.A.challengesB.secretsC.decisionsD.mistakes50.AmentionedB.filledC.recommendedD.assessed51.A.relativeB.visitorC.volunteerD.patient52.A.turnawayB.cutinC.holdonD.giveback53.A.properlyB.sincerelyC.slowlyD.softy54.A.daredB.hesitatedC.attemptedD.happened55.A.confidentB.independentC.carefulD.grateful第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ancientalchemists(煉金師)inChinaspentcenturiestrying(56)_________(discover)anelixir(靈丹妙藥)oflife.DuringtheTangDynasty,around850A.Danenterprisingalchemistcreatedamixture,(57)________hadnoobviouseffectsonlengtheninglife,butdidexplodewithaflashandabangwhen(58)_________(expose)toanopenflame.ManywesternhistorybooksovertheyearshavestatedthattheChineseusedhisdiscoveryonly(59)_________fireworks,(60)_________Ithatisnottrue.SongDynastymilitaryforcesasearlyas904A.D.usedgunpowderdevicesagainst(61)______(they)primaryenemy,theMongols.Bythemid-tolate-eleventhcentury,theSonggovernment(62)________(become)concernedaboutgunpowdertechnologyspreadingtoothercountries.Thesaleofsaltpeter(硝酸鹽)toforeignerswasbannedin1076.Nonetheless,knowledgeofthemiraculoussubstancewascarriedalongtheSilkRoadtoIndia,theMiddleEast,andEurope.In1267,(63)_________Europeanwritermadereferencetogunpowder,andin1280thefirstrecipesfortheexplosivemixture(64)____(be)publishedinthewest.China'ssecretwasout.Downthroughthecenturies,Chinese(65)_________(invent)havehadaprofoundeffectonhumanculture.Itemslikepaper,themagneticcompass,andsilkhavespreadaroundtheworld.Noneofthem,however,havehadquitetheimpactthatgunpowderhas,forgoodandforbad.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假如你是某國際學校的學生會主席李華，你校正在開展"為父母分擔家務(wù)"的活動。請根據(jù)下面所給提示，以學生會的名義用英語給全校學生寫一封倡議書，要點包括:1.活動目的;2.活動具體要求;3.發(fā)出倡議。注意∶1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents'Union第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。