2025年高二英語寒假銜接（外研版）專題15 綜合提升練習二 解析版

試卷第=page2020頁，共=sectionpages2121頁專題15綜合提升練習二第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomanneedtobuy?A．Aruler. B．Afile. C．Somepens.【答案】A【原文】W:Ineedtogetafileforthenewterm.M:Theywillgiveusoneonthefirstdayatschool.W:Good.Igotmypensatthestartoftheholidays,sothere’snoneedtogetanythingelse,apartfromaruler.2．HowdidthewomangettoCanada?A．Byplane. B．Bytrain. C．Bycar.【答案】C【原文】M:HowdidyougettoCanada,Jane?Didyoufly?W:Iwasplanningto.Youknow,it’sunwisetogoonsuchalongtripbytrain.ButFreddecidedtodriveandinvitedmetojoinhim.Ittookustwodaysandanight.3．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Attendaparty. B．Buysomelightsinashop. C．Borrowaguitarfromthewoman.【答案】B【原文】M:Hello,Kim?Iwantsomespeciallightsformypartytonight.Canyoubringsome?W:Sorry,Ican’t.Trytheshopintown.Doyouwanttoborrowmyguitartonight?M:Nothanks.I’llgototheshopnow.4．Howmuchwillthemanpayforhimselfandhischild?A．$5. B．$5.5. C．$7.5.【答案】C【原文】M:Itsoundsfarfromheretotheamusementpark.Howmuchdoesitcost?W:Yeah,it’sreallyfar.Thebusfareis$5foryouandyourchildhasa50%discount.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Anaccident. B．Ahouse. C．Astorm.【答案】C【原文】W:Wemovedoutbeforeitreachedthisarea.Whenwereturned,Ifoundtherewaswatereverywhere,eveninmybedroom.M:Itwasreallyscary.Theroofofmyhousewasblownawaybythewind.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．WhatisthepurposeofMr.Parker’scall?A．Toplaceanorder. B．Tochangehisorder. C．Torequestaquickdelivery.7．Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A．There’snoneedtocallthedriver.B．BadBoysisnotonthedriver’slist.C．ThegoodshavealreadyarrivedatBadBoys.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】W:Dave,hasn’tthetruckwhichdeliversthegoodsgoneouttotheelectronicsshopsyet?M:Thetruckleftherefiveminutesago.Whyyouask?W:IjustreceivedacallfromMr.Parker,themanagerofBadBoysElectronicsStore,andhesaidthathewasinahurrytoreceivethegoods.Ithinkyou’dbettercallthetruckdriverandaskhimtogettherefirst.M:Idon’tthinkIhavetodothat.AsfarasIamconcerned,BadBoysisfirstonhislist.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．Whatrelationisthemantothewoman?A．Herhusband. B．Herboss. C．Herco-worker.9．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakingsmalltalk?A．Easy. B．Impolite. C．Time-wasting.【答案】8．C9．A【原文】M:Linda,Idon’tknowhowtogetalongwellwithotherclerksintheoffice.I’mupset.W:Whynotchatandmakesmalltalk?Itcanimproveyourrelationswithothers.M:Isn’titawasteoftimedoingthat?W:It’snotwastingtimeifyoudoitatcertaintimes,basically,duringbreaksandatlunch.Also,smalltalkshouldnotbeviewedasatimetogetpersonalinformation.That’simpolite.Well,infact,it’snotdifficulttomakesmalltalk.M:Hmm,Isee.Whatelse?W:Bob,Iknowthisisimportant,butcanwetalkafterwork?Wehaveaprojecttocompletebeforetheendoftheday.Don’tyourememberthedeadline?Howaboutaconversationoverlunch?聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10．Whereisthewomanstudying?A．InCordoba. B．InSeville. C．InMadrid.11．Whatisthewoman’spart-timejob?A．Ateacher. B．Anurse. C．Awaitress.12．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Thewomandancesalot.B．Thewomanlikesplayingchess.C．ThemanhasneverbeentoSpain.【答案】10．B11．C12．A【原文】M:Hello,Lynn.Iknowyou’refromSpain,whichcityareyoufrom?FromMadrid?W:No,I’mfromCordobainthesouth.M:Mm,lovely,I’vebeentheremanytimes.Andwhatdoyoudothere,Lynn?W:Well,I’mastudent.I’mstudyingpsychologyatuniversityinSeville,whichisabigcitynearCordoba.M:Psychology!That’sinteresting.Andwhatdoyouplantodowhenyougraduate?W:I’mnotsureyet.ButperhapsIwilltrytoworkinahospital.M:Isee.Andwhatdoyoudoinyoursparetime?W:Well,Idon’thavemuchfreetimebecauseIhavetostudyalotandIhaveapart-timejobasawaitressinarestaurant.ButIliketoplaytennisandseemyfriends.I’llalsogodancingalotandnowI’mlearningtraditionalSpanishdancing.M:Thatmustbeveryinteresting.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13．Whatisthematterwiththewoman?A．Shecan’tfallasleepeasily. B．Shehasbreathingproblems. C．Sheoftenquarrelswithherhusband.14．Whatdoesthewomanusuallydowhenshegetsdepressed?A．Shetakessomepills. B．Shelooksattheceiling. C．Sheeatsalotoffood.15．Howoftenshouldthewomantakethepills?A．Onceaday. B．Twiceaday. C．Threetimesaday.16．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Goonadiet. B．Gotobedearly. C．Returninseveraldays.【答案】13．A14．C15．A16．A【原文】M:Mrs.Bishop,pleasesitdown.Now,tellme,what’sthetrouble?W:Well,it’slikethis,doctor.WhenIgettosleepIcountthesheepandthen,IendupwakingmyselfupandIspendhoursjustlying,staringattheceiling.Myhusbanddoesn’thelpmucheither,withhisbreathing.M:Mmm,Isee.Issomethingworryingyou?W:Well,yes,thereis.Yousee,Ijustseemtobegettingfatterandfatter.Iwenttothegym.Iwentswimming.Iwentjogging.ButIdidn’tloseanyweight.EverytimeIlookinthemirror,Ifeelmoreandmoredepressedandsothen,whatshouldIdo?M:Well,Mrs.Bishop.Whatdoyoudo?W:Igodownstairsintothekitchenandopenthefridge.ThenIgobacktobedfeelingsick,aswellasdepressed.Ifeelsodisappointedinmyself.WhatshouldIdo?M:Isee.Well,herearesomesleepingpills.They’llcalmyournervesandhelpyourest.Taketwotabletshalfanhourbeforegoingtobedatnight,andhere’sadiet.Ithinkyoushouldstartstraightaway.Comebackandseemeinacoupleofweeks.Alright?W:Oh,thankyou,doctor.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17．Whoisthespeaker?A．Atourguide. B．ATVhost. C．Aradiohost.18．HowlongwillCastleHowardopen?A．Forabout5months. B．Forabout6months. C．Forabout7months.19．WhatcantouristsseeintheDiningRoom?A．Oldchina. B．Newair-conditioners. C．Fascinatingpaintings.20．WhydoesthespeakersuggestfamiliesgotoCastleHoward?A．Thefoodisdelicious. B．Thepriceisattractive. C．Thegroundsarelarge.【答案】17．C18．B19．A20．B【原文】M:Welcometothisweek’sprogram.Thisweekwe’regoingtotalkaboutCastleHowardinSussex.Asyoumayknow,CastleHowardwasbadlyburntinafiretwoyearsago.ButitwillbeopentothepublicforthefirsttimeintwoyearsonSunday,the2ndofApril.Theopeningtimesarefrom10:00a.m.to5:30p.m.fromMondaytoFriday,10:30a.m.to4p.m.onweekends.You’llbeabletovisititallthroughthesummeruntilthe1stofOctober,whenitwillbeclosedagain.It’swellworthavisit.You’llneedawholedayjusttowanderarounditssplendidrooms.OfparticularinterestistheDiningRoomintheWestWingwithitsfascinatingcollectionofchina,datingbacktothe17thcentury.Youshouldalsotakeadvantageofitswonderfulgrounds.Youcanevenhaveyourlunchintheopen-airrestaurantbehindthecastle,asettingwithnoairconditioning.CastleHowardisagreatdayoutforallthefamilywithitsreasonablepricestoo!Forafamilytour,thechildrengetinfreeofcharge.That’sallfortoday,listeners.Butdon’tmissnextweek’sprogram.第二部分

閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)

（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。TheDoubleNinthFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalwhichtakesplaceontheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChinesecalendar.Ithasarichhistoryandseveralculturaltraditionsassociatedwithit.Peoplecelebratebyspendingtimewiththeirolderfamilymemberstoshowloveandappreciation.Thisfestivalhighlightstheimportanceoffamilyandtakingcareofoneanother.HikingItisacherishedtraditioninChina.Thisfestivaloffersaperfectopportunitytobeaddictedtothebeautyofnatureasautumnsetsin.HikingonDoubleNinthFestivalwasalreadypopularintheTangDynasty,andalotofpoemsweredevotedtothiscustom.Admiringchrysanthemums(菊花)Itisaonemorelong-standingtradition.Chrysanthemumshavelongbeenassociatedwiththeideaoflongevity(長壽)andhealthinChineseculture.Thebrightyellowandwhitecoloursoftheflowerarebelievedtobringpositiveenergytopeople.DrinkingchrysanthemumwineChrysanthemumflowersarehighlyregardedinChinesecultureandareoftenassociatedwithgoodfortune,prosperity,andlove.Theyareconsideredasymbolofhappinessandgoodluck.Thissymbolismmakeschrysanthemumwineapopularchoiceduringfestiveoccasions.EatingChongyangCakeItisaculturalandsymbolictraditionthatiscompletelyconsistentwiththespiritoftheDoubleNinthFestival.Thiscakerepresentslongevity,respectfortheelderly,andthejoyofcelebratingtheautumnseason,makingitanessentialpartofthefestivitiesduringthisspecialholiday.1．Whichofthefollowingisrelatedtogoodfortuneaccordingtothetext?A．Hiking. B．Whitewine.C．Chrysanthemum. D．ChongyangCake.2．WhatdochrysanthemumsandChongyangCakebothrepresent?A．Lengthenedlife. B．Naturalbeauty.C．Greatwealth. D．Respectingteachers.3．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A．Food. B．Culture. C．Nature. D．Education.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日重陽節(jié)期間一些活動。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ChrysanthemumflowersarehighlyregardedinChinesecultureandareoftenassociatedwithgoodfortune,prosperity,andlove.(菊花在中國文化中受到高度重視，通常與好運、繁榮和愛情聯(lián)系在一起。)”可知，菊花通常與好的運氣、繁榮和愛聯(lián)系在一起。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admiringchrysanthemums部分中“Chrysanthemumshavelongbeenassociatedwiththeideaoflongevity(長壽)andhealthinChineseculture.(在中國文化中，菊花一直與長壽和健康聯(lián)系在一起。)”和EatingChongyangCake部分的“Thiscakerepresentslongevity,respectfortheelderly,andthejoyofcelebratingtheautumnseason,makingitanessentialpartofthefestivitiesduringthisspecialholiday.(這種蛋糕代表著長壽、尊敬老人和慶祝秋天的喜悅，使它成為這個特殊節(jié)日慶?；顒拥闹匾M成部分。)”可知，菊花和重陽糕都象征著長壽。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheDoubleNinthFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalwhichtakesplaceontheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChinesecalendar.Ithasarichhistoryandseveralculturaltraditionsassociatedwithit.Peoplecelebratebyspendingtimewiththeirolderfamilymemberstoshowloveandappreciation.Thisfestivalhighlightstheimportanceoffamilyandtakingcareofoneanother.(重陽節(jié)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，在農(nóng)歷九月初九舉行。它有著豐富的歷史和與之相關(guān)的幾種文化傳統(tǒng)。人們通過花時間與年長的家庭成員一起來表達愛和感激來慶祝。這個節(jié)日強調(diào)了家庭和彼此照顧的重要性。)”以及文章主要介紹的是中國重陽節(jié)的一些傳統(tǒng)習俗和文化可知，文章應(yīng)該出自雜志的文化專欄。故選B。BAishaisthefounderofTheSmileProject,anon-profitorganizationdesignedtospreadjoyincommunitiesandeducationalinstitutions.Aishafromtheageof17hassetoutonajourneytofindthetruemeaningofhappiness.Therewasnoadviserorguidereachingouttohelpherdefinewhatqualifiesas“happiness”andwhatdoesn’t.Shemaycontinuetopursueitbutisconfidentthathappinessliesinthingsthatarenotonlysmallbutsimple.ThecampaignofTheSmileProjectbeganinthelateautumnof2021asAishadrovehomefromschool.“ItwasunusuallywarmforthattimeofyearandIhadmywindowsdownandmyradioup.Icouldn’ttellyouasinglesongthatwasontheradio,butIrememberIwashappy,”sherecalled.“Itwasmorethanthat,though.MostdaysIwouldhavejustfelttheemotionofjoy,smiled,andmovedon.”“IgothomeandIdidwhatany17-year-oldteenagerwoulddowhentheythinktheyhavealife-changingmessagetocommunicatewiththepublic.Ipostedasocialmediaupdatestarting,‘Day1:Happinessis…thoseperfectcarrideswheretheradiojustplaysalltherightsongs.’”Asday1turnedintoday2,3,4andnownearly3300consecutivedaysoffindingjoy,TheSmileProjecthasgrownintoafull-grownhappinesscampaignwithonesimplemission:sharejoy.Aishastartedwritingdownwhatmadeherhappyeachday.One“Happinessis”atatime.Thispracticeofwritingdailyjoygrewinto“TheSmileProject”.Shehasinspiredmanyacrosstheglobetopause,reflect,andfindthatonejoythatmayhavebrighteneduptheday.4．WheredoesAishathinkhappinesscanbefound?A．Intheclassroom. B．Onherjourneys. C．Ineverydaylife. D．Fromheradviser.5．WhatdoweknowaboutAishawhenTheSmileProjectbegan?A．Shewasinhighspirits. B．Shemetwithsomeaccidents.C．Shewasinadepressedmood. D．Shesufferedfromhotweather.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consecutive”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Difficult. B．Peaceful. C．Ordinary. D．Continuous.7．Whatcontributedto“TheSmileProject”?A．Sharingrightsongswithothers. B．Writingajoyeveryday.C．Communicatingwiththepublic. D．Inspiringpeopletopauseandreflect.【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了Aisha是“微笑計劃”的創(chuàng)始人，她從17歲起就開始了尋找幸福真諦的旅程。她每天都寫下讓她高興的事情，這一慣例逐漸發(fā)展成為“微笑計劃”。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Shemaycontinuetopursueitbutisconfidentthathappinessliesinthingsthatarenotonlysmallbutsimple.(她可能會繼續(xù)追求幸福，但她相信，幸福不僅存在于小事中，而且存在于簡單的事情中。)”可知，艾莎認為日常生活中可以找到幸福。故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Icouldn’ttellyouasinglesongthatwasontheradio,butIrememberIwashappy(我說不出收音機里有哪首歌，但我記得我當時很開心。)”可知，當微笑計劃開始時，艾莎情緒高昂。故選A。6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Asday1turnedintoday2,3,4andnownearly3300(從第一天變成了第2、3、4天，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有近3300個。)”可知，從第1天到第2天，第3天，第4天，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)接近3300天尋找快樂，說明尋找快樂是持續(xù)的，故劃線詞意思是“持續(xù)的”，故選D。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Aishastartedwritingdownwhatmadeherhappyeachday.One“Happinessis”atatime.Thispracticeofwritingdailyjoygrewinto“TheSmileProject”.(艾莎開始寫下每天讓她快樂的事情。一次一個“幸福是”。這種記錄日常快樂的做法后來發(fā)展成了“微笑計劃”。)”可知，每天寫下快樂促成了“微笑計劃”。故選B。CNASAhasdevelopedaglobalsealevelchangewebsite,whichincludesinformationonprojectedsealevelrisethroughtheyear2150forcoastlinesaroundtheworld,aswellaspredictionsofhowmuchfloodingacoastalcommunityorregioncanexpecttoseeinthenext30years.TheDefenseDepartmentapplythesealevelrisedatatoitsplanstopredictandrespondtothreatsposedtoitsfacilitiesbytheeffectsofrisingoceans.Similarly,theStateDepartmentusestheinformationforactivitiesrangingfromdisasterpreparednesstolong-termadaptationplanningtosupportingpartnersaroundtheworldinrelatedefforts.“Weareatamomentoftruthinourfightagainsttheclimatecrisis.Thesciencemustserveasthebedrockuponwhichdecision-makingisbuilt,”saidAssistantSecretary-GeneralSelwinHart,specialadvisertotheUnitedNationssecretary-generalonclimateactionandjusttransition.NASA-leddataanalyseshavedemonstratedthatbetween1970and2023,96%ofcountrieswithcoastlineshaveexperiencedsealevelrise.Therateofthatglobalrisehasalsoaccelerated,morethandoublingfrom0.08inches(0.21centimeters)peryearin1993toabout0.18inches(0.45centimeters)peryearin2023.Astherateofsealevelriseincreases,millionsofpeoplecouldfacetherelatedeffectssoonerthanpreviouslyprojected.DataissuedearlierthisyearfoundthatPacificIslandnationswillexperienceatleast6inches(15centimeters)ofsealevelriseinthenext30years.Thenumberofhigh-tideflooddayswillincreasebyanorderofmagnitudefornearlyallPacificIslandnationsbythe2050s.“Thedataisclear:Sealevelsarerisingaroundtheworld,andthey’rerisingfasterandfaster,”saidBenHamlington,asealevelresearcheratNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratoryinSouthernCaliforniaandheadoftheagency’ssealevelchangescienceteam.“Havingthebestinformationtomakedecisionsabouthowtoplanforrisingseasismoreessentialthanever.”8．WhatdoestheStateDepartmentemploydatafromNASAtodo?A．Bringsealevelriseundercontrol.B．Planshort-termteamworkwithpartners.C．Designactivitiestoprepareagainstdisasters.D．Predictthepotentialthreatsofclimatechange.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerated”inParagraph4mean?A．Spedup. B．Refreshed. C．Shownup. D．Transformed.10．WhatdoesBenHamlingtonintendtoexplain?A．Sealevelwillgoupfasterthanever.B．InformationfromNASAisofgreatvalue.C．NASAneedstodecideonhowtostopsealevelrise.D．It’snecessarytomakeplansforseawaterimprovement.11．Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．ProblemofRisingSeaLevelNeedstobeSolvedBadlyB．NASAMakesNewBreakthroughsinManyMoreFieldsC．NASADataHelpsInternationalCommunityPrepareforSeaLevelRiseD．ScientificDepartmentsDoResearchintoOceanIssuesandSolutions【答案】8．C9．A10．B11．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述美國國家航空航天局開發(fā)了一個全球海平面變化網(wǎng)站，為國際社會采取那些應(yīng)對海平面上升的各種工作提供寶貴信息。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Similarly,theStateDepartmentusestheinformationforactivitiesrangingfromdisasterpreparednesstolong-termadaptationplanningtosupportingpartnersaroundtheworldinrelatedefforts.(同樣，國務(wù)院將這些信息用于從備災(zāi)到長期適應(yīng)規(guī)劃，再到支持世界各地合作伙伴開展相關(guān)工作等活動)”可知，國務(wù)院運用NASA提供的信息設(shè)計備災(zāi)活動。故選C項。9．詞句猜測題。劃線詞句后文“morethandoublingfrom0.08inches(0.21centimeters)peryearin1993toabout0.18inches(0.45centimeters)peryearin2023.(從1993年的每年0.08英寸（0.21厘米）增加到2023年的每年約0.18英寸（0.45厘米），翻了一倍多)”說明全球海平面上升的速度在加快，從而推知劃線詞句“Therateofthatglobalrisehasalsoaccelerated(全球海平面上升的速度也在accelerated)”其中劃線短語應(yīng)為“加快，加速”的意思，與A項同義。故選A項。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Havingthebestinformationtomakedecisionsabouthowtoplanforrisingseasismoreessentialthanever.(掌握最好的信息來制定如何應(yīng)對海平面上升的決策，比以往任何時候都更加重要)”可知，BenHamlington想解釋NASA提供的信息很有價值。故選B項。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段“NASAhasdevelopedaglobalsealevelchangewebsite,whichincludesinformationonprojectedsealevelrisethroughtheyear2150forcoastlinesaroundtheworld,aswellaspredictionsofhowmuchfloodingacoastalcommunityorregioncanexpecttoseeinthenext30years.(美國國家航空航天局開發(fā)了一個全球海平面變化網(wǎng)站，其中包括到2150年全球海岸線海平面上升的預(yù)測信息，以及未來30年沿海社區(qū)或地區(qū)預(yù)計會出現(xiàn)多少洪水的預(yù)測)”和第二段“TheDefenseDepartmentapplythesealevelrisedatatoitsplanstopredictandrespondtothreatsposedtoitsfacilitiesbytheeffectsofrisingoceans.Similarly,theStateDepartmentusestheinformationforactivitiesrangingfromdisasterpreparednesstolong-termadaptationplanningtosupportingpartnersaroundtheworldinrelatedefforts.(國防部將海平面上升的數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用到其計劃中，以預(yù)測和應(yīng)對海平面上升對其設(shè)施造成的威脅。同樣，國務(wù)院將這些信息用于各種活動，從備災(zāi)到長期適應(yīng)規(guī)劃，再到支持世界各地的合作伙伴開展相關(guān)工作)”可知，本文主要講述了美國國家航空航天局開發(fā)了一個全球海平面變化網(wǎng)站，為國際社會采取那些應(yīng)對海平面上升的各種工作提供寶貴信息。C項“NASA數(shù)據(jù)幫助國際社會為海平面上升做好準備”為最佳標題。故選C項。DForaslongasthere’sbeenanintelligencequotient(IQ)test,there’sbeenargumentoverwhatitmeasures.DoIQscoresshowaperson’sintellectualcapacity,whichsupposedlyremainsunchangeableovertime?OristheIQexamreallyanachievementtestthat’ssubjecttofluctuations(波動)inscores?Thefindingsofanewstudyaddevidencetothelatterone:IQseemstobeastandardofacquiredknowledgethatprogressesinfitsandstarts.TheresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonreportdocumentingsignificantfluctuationsintheIQsofagroupofBritishteenagers.Theresearcherstested33healthyteenagersbetweentheagesof12and16years.Theyrepeatedthetestsfouryearslaterandfoundthatsometeensimprovedtheirscoresbyasmuchas20pointsonthestandardofIQmeasurement.“Wewereverysurprised,”CathyPrice,wholedthestudy,said.Shehadexpectedchangesofafewpoints.“ButwehadindividualsthathadbigfluctuationsandchangedfromanIQof100toanIQof127,”sheadded.Priceandhercolleaguesusedbrainscanstoconfirmthatthesebigfluctuationsinperformancewerenotoccasional,orjustanaccident.Asweknow,therearelotsoffactorsthatmayexplainchangesinIQ.Thoughthisstudydidnotattempttoprovethem,lotsofformerresearchhasfoundthateducationalenvironmentiskey.SomeresearchershavefoundthatstrictacademiccurriculaleadtoimprovedIQscores.Teens’personalities,careermoralsandthehomeenvironmentsareimportant,too.“Thisstudyshouldmakeeducatorsandparentsthinktwice.ItshouldwarnthemofassumingthatonelowIQscore,atonetime,isshowingallthatanindividualiscapableof,”StephenCeci,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,said.“Althoughmanyresearchersstillsaythere’sloadsofevidencetoshowthatIQscoresdorevealsomethingessentialaboutachild’sintellectualgifts,there’saconsensus(共識)thatonetestisnotdeterministic.Itcan’taccuratelyassessaperson’stalentsorfuturepotential.”12．Whydoestheauthorlistquestionsinparagraph1?A．Tointroduceanewtheory. B．Tocelebratethestudy’ssuccess.C．ToexplaintheconceptofIQ. D．TopromotethestandardofIQ.13．WhatcanwelearnfromCathyPrice’sstatement?A．Shewassatisfiedwiththestudy’sresults.B．Shewasdoubtfulaboutthestudy’sresults.C．Thestudy’sresultswerejustaccidentalphenomena.D．Thestudy’sresultswereinconsistentwithherexpectations.14．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．FactorsthatmayleadtochangesinIQ. B．ThebenefitsofboostingIQscores.C．ThestrategiesforenhancingIQscores. D．ExperimentsconductedtostudyIQ.15．WhatdoesStephenCecithinkofeducatorsandparents’thoughtsofIQscores?A．Theymakekidsmoresensitive. B．Theyarewrong.C．Theyarebelievable. D．TheyhelpkidsimproveIQscores.【答案】12．A13．D14．A15．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章討論了關(guān)于智商測試(IQtest)長期存在的爭議，并介紹了倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的一項新研究，該研究表明青少年的IQ分數(shù)在幾年內(nèi)可能會有顯著的變化，這挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)上認為IQ是固定不變的觀點。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Foraslongasthere’sbeenanintelligencequotient(IQ)test,there’sbeenargumentoverwhatitmeasures.DoIQscoresshowaperson’sintellectualcapacity,whichsupposedlyremainsunchangeableovertime?OristheIQexamreallyanachievementtestthat’ssubjecttofluctuations(波動)inscores?(只要存在智力商數(shù)(IQ)測試，就一直存在關(guān)于它測量什么的爭論。智商分數(shù)顯示一個人的智力能力，這種能力據(jù)說隨著時間的推移是不可改變的嗎？還是智商考試實際上是一個成績測試，分數(shù)會隨波動而變化？)”可知，作者通過列出關(guān)于IQ測試的問題來引入一個長久以來的爭論，即IQ測試到底衡量的是什么。因此推斷作者這樣做的目的是為了引出一種新的理論或觀點，即IQ可能不是固定的，而是可變的。故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中CathyPrice的陳述““Wewereverysurprised,”CathyPrice,wholedthestudy,said.Shehadexpectedchangesofafewpoints.“ButwehadindividualsthathadbigfluctuationsandchangedfromanIQof100toanIQof127,”sheadded.(“我們非常驚訝，”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項研究的凱茜·普賴斯說。她原本預(yù)計只有幾分的變化。“但我們有些人的波動很大，智商從100分變成了127分，”她補充道)”可知，她對研究結(jié)果感到驚訝，因為這些結(jié)果與她的預(yù)期不符。故選D。14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Asweknow,therearelotsoffactorsthatmayexplainchangesinIQ.Thoughthisstudydidnotattempttoprovethem,lotsofformerresearchhasfoundthateducationalenvironmentiskey.SomeresearchershavefoundthatstrictacademiccurriculaleadtoimprovedIQscores.Teens’personalities,careermoralsandthehomeenvironmentsareimportant,too.(正如我們所知，有許多因素可能解釋智商的變化。盡管這項研究并未試圖證明它們，但許多以往的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)教育環(huán)境是關(guān)鍵。一些研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴格的學(xué)術(shù)課程會導(dǎo)致智商分數(shù)提高。青少年的性格、職業(yè)操守和家庭環(huán)境也很重要。)”可知，本段主要討論了可能導(dǎo)致IQ變化的因素，包括教育環(huán)境、個性、職業(yè)道德和家庭環(huán)境等。故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisstudyshouldmakeeducatorsandparentsthinktwice.ItshouldwarnthemofassumingthatonelowIQscore,atonetime,isshowingallthatanindividualiscapableof,”StephenCeci,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,said.“Althoughmanyresearchersstillsaythere’sloadsofevidencetoshowthatIQscoresdorevealsomethingessentialaboutachild’sintellectualgifts,there’saconsensus(共識)thatonetestisnotdeterministic.Itcan’taccuratelyassessaperson’stalentsorfuturepotential.”(“這項研究應(yīng)該讓教育工作者和家長三思。它應(yīng)該警告他們，不要以為一次低智商分數(shù)就顯示了一個人的全部能力，”康奈爾大學(xué)教授斯蒂芬·切西說?！氨M管許多研究人員仍然表示，有大量證據(jù)表明智商分數(shù)確實揭示了兒童智力天賦的本質(zhì)，但有一個共識是，一次測試并不是決定性的。它不能準確地評估一個人的才能或未來潛力。”)”可知，StephenCeci的觀點是，教育工作者和家長不應(yīng)該假設(shè)一次低的IQ分數(shù)就能完全代表一個人的能力，這表明他認為他們對于IQ分數(shù)的看法是有誤的。故選B。第二節(jié)

（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。Inthe1920s,RussianpsychologistBlumaZeigarnikobservedastrangething.Whilediningout,shewasimpressedbythecomplexordersthewaiterswereabletorememberatonetime.1ThisobservationgaverisetothestudyofwhatwouldbecomeknownastheZeigarnikEffect.TheZeigarnikEffectreferstoourtendencytorememberincompleteorinterruptedtasksbetterthancompletedones.AtfirstglancetheZeigarnikEffectcanseemlikeahandyadaptation:It’sgoodtorememberthethingsweneedtodo,andit’sapositivethingtowanttofinishthethingswestart.2First,eachincompletetaskyourbrainremindsyouabouttakesupabitofyourattention,makingithardertoconcentrateonwhateveryou’recurrentlyworkingon.Second,evenifwemanagetophysicallydisconnectfromwork,theZeigarnikEffectensuresthatourunfinishedtasksfollowushome.Theybringtroubletoourvacations,ourweekends,andevenoursleep.3Sowhatcanyoudoaboutit?Writeyourtasksdown.Yourbrainisaterriblefilingsystem.Insteadofkeepingtasksinyourhead,makeahabitofwritingthemdownassoonastheycometoyou.4Makeaplanfortomorrowbeforeyouendtheworkdaysoyourunfinishedtasksdon’tremaininyourmindafter-hours.Don’tforgettolookbackathowfaryou’vecome.5Therefore,reviewyourcompletedtasksattheendofeveryweektocelebratewhatyou’vealready.A．Establishaworkshutdownroutine.B．Haveasystemforexpandingyourjobskills.C．Theproblemwhenitcomestoourproductivityistwo-fold.D．Yetwhencustomerscheckedout,theseweretotallyforgotten.E．Wealwaysquicklyforgeteverythingwe’vealreadyaccomplished.F．Weneedawaytomentallydisconnectinourhoursawayfromwork.G．Youhavetoactuallycompleteallofyourtaskstofeelmentalrelieffromit.【答案】1．D2．C3．F4．A5．E【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了20世紀20年代，俄羅斯心理學(xué)家BlumaZeigarnik觀察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐時，服務(wù)員一次就能記住的復(fù)雜訂單給她留下了深刻的印象。然而，當顧客結(jié)賬時，這些都被完全遺忘了。這一現(xiàn)象稱之為蔡加尼克效應(yīng)。通過對這一現(xiàn)象的研究，說明了我們?nèi)绾卧谙掳嗪?，在精神上得到解脫?．根據(jù)空前“Inthe1920s,RussianpsychologistBlumaZeigarnikobservedastrangething.Whilediningout,shewasimpressedbythecomplexordersthewaiterswereabletorememberatonetime.(20世紀20年代，俄羅斯心理學(xué)家BlumaZeigarnik觀察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐時，服務(wù)員一次就能記住的復(fù)雜訂單給她留下了深刻印象。)”可知，空前介紹心理學(xué)家BlumaZeigarnik觀察到的一個現(xiàn)象，故D項“然而，當顧客結(jié)賬時，這些都被完全遺忘了?！狈希丝绽^續(xù)描寫觀察到的這一現(xiàn)象，與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D項。2．根據(jù)空前“AtfirstglancetheZeigarnikEffectcanseemlikeahandyadaptation:It’sgoodtorememberthethingsweneedtodo,andit’sapositivethingtowanttofinishthethingswestart.(乍一看，蔡加尼克效應(yīng)似乎是一個方便的適應(yīng)；記住我們需要做的事情是件好事，想要完成我們開始的事情是一件積極的事情。）”以及后文“First,eachincompletetaskyourbrainremindsyouabouttakesupabitofyourattention,makingithardertoconcentrateonwhateveryou’recurrentlyworkingon.Second,evenifwemanagetophysicallydisconnectfromwork,theZeigarnikEffectensuresthatourunfinishedtasksfollowushome.(首先，你大腦提醒你的每一項未完成的任務(wù)都會占用你的一點注意力，使你更難專注于你目前正在做的事情。其次，即使我們設(shè)法從身體上脫離工作，蔡加尼克效應(yīng)也會確保我們未完成的任務(wù)會跟著我們回家。)”可知，此空承上啟下，故C選項“當談到我們的生產(chǎn)力時，這個問題是雙重的。”符合，引出后文的提到的兩方面的問題，一方面，大腦提醒你為完成的任務(wù)會讓你很難專注你目前的事情，另一方面，即使身體上脫離了工作，但此效應(yīng)也會讓未完成的任務(wù)跟著我們回家，故選C項。3．根據(jù)空前“Theybringtroubletoourvacations,ourweekends,andevenoursleep.(它們給我們的假期、周末甚至睡眠帶來了麻煩。)”可知，前文提到蔡加尼克效應(yīng)使我們未完成