Unit3 Learning About Language and Using Language 詞匯語法專項訓(xùn)練

1/6Unit3LearningAboutLanguageandUsingLanguage詞匯語法專項訓(xùn)練一、刷單句填空在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Histheoryremainscontroversialwithquiteafewsupportersandmany________(opponent)aswell.2.I'msorrytoinformyouthatyoucan'ttake________(possess)ofthepropertyuntilthecontractissigned.3.Itwasreportedinthelocalnewspaperthatthe________(murder)hadbeenarrestedinasmalltown.4.Theywerelostatsea,________themercyoftheweather.5.Theviruscanlogkeystrokesyoumakewhenyoulog________allsortsofservices.6.Onesourcesaidthecompanywasalsolookingforotherways________(address)itsdebtissue.7.—Thisstupidrobberactuallyrobbedaplain-clothespoliceofficerinhislastrobbery!—Itwouldmakesenseforhimtoendup________(arrest).8.________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.9.Thecountriesareallbelieved________(negotiate)toobtainmissilesatsomepoint.10.Ourschooloftenorganisesvariousafter-schoolactivities,________(relieve)ourstresstosomedegree.二、刷語法填空體裁：說明文昌題材：介紹說明詞數(shù)：227M難度：中o建議用時：7分鐘[課標(biāo)全國I2020]閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe（探測器）-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—1（touch）downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis2（extreme）challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe，Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot3itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular4（interesting）toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters（環(huán)形山），moreso5thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-46（find）andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，"CarlePieters，ascientistatBrownUniversity，says，"becauseit7（mean）wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon8（construct）."Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition，suchashow9iceandothertreasuresitcontains，couldhelpChinadecidewhether10（it）plansforafuturelunar（月球的）basearepractical.1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________三、刷閱讀理解體裁：說明文題材：介紹說明詞數(shù)：316難度：中建議用時：8分鐘[吉林五校2021高二期中]ScientistsinEnglandareusingtwoself-directedwatervehiclestoexploretheanimalandplantlifeoftheCelticSea.TheCelticSeaisabodyofwateroffthesoutherncoastofIreland.Theareaisknownforitsunusualsealife.ScientistswanttoknowwhyseacreaturesaresoattractedtothispartoftheAtlanticOcean.Oneoftheresearchvehiclesispoweredbybatteries.ItcollectsinformationfortheNationalOceanographyCentreinSouthampton，UK，andtheWorldWildlifeFund.Thevehicle'slowenergyrequirementspermitittostayfloatingonwaterforupto30days.ReportsofwhatitfindsintheCelticSeaaresentbysatellite.StephenWoodwardisanengineerwhohelpeddesignthevehicle.Hesaysthevehiclehasequipmentthatcandiscoverfishandsmallorganismscalledzooplankton（浮游動物）.Headdsthatothersensingequipmentmeasuresoceancurrentsandotherfeaturesofsealife.Thevehiclealsocreatesamapofthesea.Anothervehicleispoweredbythesunandthewind.Itcanstayfloatingonwaterformonths.Theroboticvehiclesendsinformationabouttheso-calledbiodiversityhotspots.Abiodiversityhotspotisanareaoftheoceanthathasalotofplantandanimallifeactivity.LaviniaSubergisoneofthescientistsstudyingtheCelticSea.Shesaysproductiveoceanareas，liketheCelticSea，attractzooplankton.Thezooplanktonthenattractsfish.Sheaddsthatareaswithalargeincreaseoffishoftenattractseamammalsandbirds.Usingtheseroboticoceanvehiclesgreatlyreducesthecostofexploringtheseawithmannedlaboratories.Scientistscanspendmoretimeanalysingthecollectedinformation.TheysaytheresearchwillgivethemabetterunderstandingoftheneedoftheCelticSeaforfuturemanagementandprotection.1.WhydotheBritishscientistsexploretheCelticSea?A.Tostudythegeographyofthesea.B.Tolearnwhytheseaisrichinsealife.C.Totesttheirself-directedwatervehicles.D.Tolearnabouttheseacreaturesinthesea.2.Accordingtothetext,thewatervehicles.A.arecontrolleddirectlybyhumansB.workdependingonthemapoftheseaC.cansendtheinformationbackdirectlyD.cankeepfloatingonwaterforalongtime3.AccordingtoLaviniaSuberg,theseamammalsandbirds.A.areafraidoflivingaloneB.mainlyfeedonzooplanktonC.liketoliveinwarmoceanareasD.areespeciallyinterestedinfish4.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theaimofseaexploration.B.Thecostofexploringthesea.C.Theimportanceofthewatervehicles.D.Waystodealwiththecollectedinformation.答案解析刷單句填空1.opponents句意為：他的理論仍有爭議，有相當(dāng)多的支持者也有許多反對者。設(shè)空處被many修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填opponents。2.possession句意為：我很抱歉地告訴你，合同簽訂后你才能擁有這份財產(chǎn)。takepossessionof意為“擁有”。故填possession。3.murderer句意為：據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹垐蟮?，殺人兇手在一個小鎮(zhèn)被捕了。murderer意為“殺人兇手”。4.at句意為：他們在海上迷失了方向，只能聽命于天氣。atthemercyof意為“任……擺布”。5.on/in句意為：當(dāng)你登錄各種服務(wù)系統(tǒng)時，病毒會記錄你的擊鍵行為。logon/in意為“登錄”。故填on或in。6.toaddress句意為：有消息稱，該公司也在尋求其他方式來解決其債務(wù)問題。address在此應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語，修飾ways，thewaytodosth意為“做某事的方法”。故填toaddress。7.beingarrested句意為：——這個愚蠢的強(qiáng)盜在最近一次搶劫時，居然搶的是一名便衣警察！—這也就能說得通為什么他最終被捕了。endupdoingsth為固定搭配，意為“最終做某事”，arrest在此應(yīng)用動名詞作賓語，且與其邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用beingarrested。8.Toignore/lgnoring句意為：忽略兩項研究結(jié)果的區(qū)別將是你犯的最嚴(yán)重的錯誤之一。句子缺少主語，應(yīng)用動名詞或動詞不定式形式作主語。故填Toignore/Ignoring。9.tohavenegotiated句意為：人們都認(rèn)為，這些國家為了擁有導(dǎo)彈曾在某個時期進(jìn)行過談判。sbbebelievedtodosth意為“某人被認(rèn)為做某事”，由atsomepoint可知，此處negotiate表示的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞表示的動作之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。故填tohavenegotiated。10.relieving句意為：我們學(xué)校經(jīng)常組織各種課外活動，這在一定程度上緩解了我們的壓力。relieve在此應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，與主語是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填relieving。刷語法填空【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了中國的航天壯舉：成為首個讓無人探測器——“嫦娥四號”在月球背面著陸的國家。本文介紹了“嫦娥四號”本次的航天任務(wù)和意義。1.touched句意為：以中國古代的一位月亮女神的名字命名的無人探測器“嫦娥四號”，上周在月球的南極-艾特肯盆地著陸。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處為句子的謂語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語lastweek可知，此處講述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填touched。2.extremely句意為：著陸在月球的背面是極具挑戰(zhàn)性的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用于修飾形容詞challenging，應(yīng)用副詞，故填extremely。3.where句意為：由于月球自身遮擋了（地球）與探測器之間直接的無線電通信，中國必須先將一顆衛(wèi)星送入月球上方軌道的一個位置，在那里它能夠向航天器和地球發(fā)送信號。分析句子成分并結(jié)合句意可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞spot，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)該從句，故填erest句意為：科學(xué)家們對月球的背面尤其感興趣，因為它有許多深的環(huán)形山，比人們所熟悉的月球正面的環(huán)形山更多。結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)為“be+of+n.”結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于“be+adj.”，故填interest。5.than句意見上一題解析。結(jié)合上文的Thefarsideofthemoon和more及下文的thefamiliarnearside可知，此處含有比較關(guān)系，比較月球背面和正面的環(huán)形山數(shù)量，應(yīng)用than連接兩個比較對象。故填than。6.tofind句意為：中國的研究者們希望用“嫦娥四號”上的設(shè)備來發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究月球南極-艾特肯盆地區(qū)域。結(jié)合句意可知，設(shè)空處在句中作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式，構(gòu)成usesthtodo...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使用某物做……”。故填tofind。7.means句意為：布朗大學(xué)的科學(xué)家卡爾·佩特斯說：“這真的讓科學(xué)家們興奮不已，因為它意味著我們有機(jī)會獲得月球是如何構(gòu)成的信息?！苯Y(jié)合語境和上文的“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”可知，此處表述的是客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；且主語為it，為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填means。8.isconstructed句意見上一題解析。結(jié)合語境可知，此處陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；從句主語themoon和construct之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；且themoon為單數(shù)概念，謂語應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填is