Unit4UsingLanguage1分層練習(xí)-高二英語(yǔ)（人教版2019選擇性）

Unit4UsingLanguage1分層練習(xí)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)一、（2024·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出單詞1._____________

n.工資2._____________

adj.嚴(yán)寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3._____________

adv.&

prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)4._____________

vi.沉沒(méi)；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒(méi)5._____________

n.毯子6._____________

n.&

vi.航海；航行7._____________

n.海軍；海軍部隊(duì)8._____________

adj.脾氣好的/壞的9._____________

adj.真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信賴的10._____________

n.(輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)；一群人11._____________

adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的12._____________

adj.深入的；徹底的；細(xì)致的13._____________

n.家具14._____________

n.娛樂(lè)；消遣；游戲15._____________

adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的16._____________

adj.忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的17._____________

adj.痛苦的；令人難受的【答案】1.

wage

n.工資2.

bitter

adj.嚴(yán)寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3.

aboard

adv.&

prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)4.

sink

vi.沉沒(méi)；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒(méi)5.

blanket

n.毯子6.

voyage

n.&

vi.航海；航行7.

navy

n.海軍；海軍部隊(duì)8.

good/badtempered

adj.脾氣好的/壞的9.

genuine

adj.真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信賴的10.

crew

n.(輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)；一群人11.

cruel

adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的12.

thorough

adj.深入的；徹底的；細(xì)致的13.

furniture

n.家具14.

recreation

n.娛樂(lè)；消遣；游戲15.

rough

adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的16.

loyal

adj.忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的17.

miserable

adj.痛苦的；令人難受的二、（2024·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）短語(yǔ)翻譯1._______________拒絕(某人)2._______________生火3._______________放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)4._______________每況愈下5._______________獲得成功6.holdon_______________7.cheerusup_______________8.payusback_______________9.fillmewithhope_______________10.keepourspiritsup_______________【答案】1.

turn

sb

down拒絕(某人)2.

make

fire生火3.

give

off放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)4.

go

from

bad

to

worse每況愈下5.

make

it獲得成功6.holdon

堅(jiān)持住7.cheerusup

使我們振作起來(lái)8.payusback

回報(bào)我們9.fillmewithhope

讓我充滿希望10.keepourspiritsup

使我們保持高昂的情緒三、（2024·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Heaskedhertomarryhimbutsheturnedhim_________.2.Hetookallkindsofteststoprovehewaswell_________(qualify)forthisimportanttasks.3.BecauseHelenwasso_________(enthusiasm)aboutlearning,theresultswereamazing.4.Ihavepletedevery_________(assign)thatyougaveme.5.Theonlywaytoimproveisthroughhardworkand_________(persevere).6.Heshowedgreat_________(resolve)infacingtherobbers.7._________(fortunate),VanGogh’suniquepaintingsweren’tverypopularandheonlysoldonepaintinginhislifetime.8.Activitiesalltakeplaceunderthe_________(guide)ofanexperiencedtutor.9.Iwasimpressedbytheenergyand_________(mit)shownbytheplayers.10.Thefarmerwasaccusedof_________(cruel)toanimals.【答案】1.down2.qualified3.enthusiastic4.assignment5.perseverance6.resolution7.Unfortunately8.guidance9.mitment10.cruelty知識(shí)應(yīng)用四、（遼寧省聯(lián)合體20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中）閱讀理解Forestshavebeenembracedasanaturalclimatesolution,duetotheirabilitytosoakupcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereastheygrow,lockingitupintheirtrunks,branches,leaves,androots.ButanewstudyconfirmswidespreaddoubtsaboutthepotentialformostforestsintheWesternUStohelpcontrolclimatechange.PublishedinEarth’sFuture,thepaperanalyzedtrendsincarbonstorageacrosstheAmericanWestfrom2005to2019.LedbyJazlynnHall,aforestandlandscapeecologistatCaryInstituteofEcosystemStudies,theteamfoundthatthroughoutmostoftheregion,climatechangeandfiresmaybecausingforeststostorelesscarbon,notmore.“There’sagrowingtrendtouseforestsasnaturalclimatesolutions,”saidHall.“Manyclimatemitigation（減輕）pathwaysrelyinpartonadditionalforestcarbonstoragetokeepwarmingbelow1.5℃thiscentury.WewantedtoprovideabaselineforhowmuchcarboniscurrentlystoredinWesternforests,howit’schanging,andhowdisturbanceslikefireanddroughtposeathreattoclimatemitigationtargets.”TheauthorswarnthatmanyWesternforestscouldseearapidaccelerationofcarbonlossintheingyearsordecades.Thesechallengeshavethepotentialtopromisecarbonstoragecapacityandweakenourabilitytomitigateclimatechange,Hahcautions.Byprovidingafirenewviewofthreatsatlandscapeandregionallevels,Hallandcolleaguesprovideaframework（框架）thatcouldhelpforestmanagersadaptsitespecificstrategiestostrengthenforestresilience（復(fù)原力）.Theyalsoidentifytheremainingareaswiththelowestriskandhighestpotentialtostoreearbon,suchasthePacificNorthwest.“Ourstudydevelopsnewmethodstocarefullyestimateforestcarbonstorageataregionallevel,trackitovertime,andfindoutthecausesofchangesovertime,”saidHall.Heexpectsthemethodswillbeusefulinmonitoringcarbonstoragelevelsgoingforward,aswellasassessingthecarbonimpactsofmanagementeffortssuchasforestthinningandplannedburning.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“soakup”inparagraph1mean?A.Putdown. B.Takein. C.Bringup. D.Giveout.29.Whywasthestudyconducted?A.Tofindthebestforestsforcarbonstorage.B.Topromoteforests’carbonstoragecapacity.C.Toassessthecurrentsituationofforests.D.Tomeasurethecarbonreleasedintoforests.30.WhatcanwesayaboutthefuturetrendofWesternforests?A.Carbonlosswillspeedup. B.Theywillbeemoreresilient.C.Theywillstoremorecarbon. D.Theywillhavenoimpactonclimate.31.WhatistheprimaryfunctionofHall’sframeworkforforestmanagement?A.Predictingfutureforestgrowthrates.B.Identifyinghighriskareasforprotection.C.MappingalltheforestsintheWesternUS.D.Helpingmanagersadaptstrategiestoforests.【答案】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)新的科學(xué)研究，內(nèi)容關(guān)于美國(guó)西部森林的碳儲(chǔ)存能力及其與氣候變化的關(guān)系。28.B詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ockingitupintheirtrunks,branches,leaves,androots.（并將其鎖在樹(shù)干、樹(shù)枝、樹(shù)葉和樹(shù)根中。）”可推知，應(yīng)是從大氣中吸收二氧化碳，才能將其鎖在樹(shù)干、樹(shù)枝、樹(shù)葉和樹(shù)根中，所以soakup應(yīng)是“吸收”之意，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。29.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““There’sagrowingtrendtouseforestsasnaturalclimatesolutions,”saidHall.“Manyclimatemitigation（減輕）pathwaysrelyinpartonadditionalforestcarbonstoragetokeepwarmingbelow1.5℃thiscentury.WewantedtoprovideabaselineforhowmuchcarboniscurrentlystoredinWesternforests,howit’schanging,andhowdisturbanceslikefireanddroughtposeathreattoclimatemitigationtargets.”（霍爾說(shuō)：“利用森林作為自然氣候解決方案的趨勢(shì)越來(lái)越大?！薄霸S多減緩氣候變化的途徑在一定程度上依賴于額外的森林碳儲(chǔ)量，以將本世紀(jì)的氣溫保持在1.5℃以下。我們希望提供一個(gè)基線，了解目前西部森林中儲(chǔ)存了多少碳，它是如何變化的，以及火災(zāi)和干旱等干擾如何對(duì)氣候減緩目標(biāo)構(gòu)成威脅?！保笨芍M(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了評(píng)估森林的現(xiàn)狀。故選C項(xiàng)。30.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheauthorswarnthatmanyWesternforestscouldseearapidaccelerationofcarbonlossintheingyearsordecades.（作者警告說(shuō)，在未來(lái)幾年或幾十年里，許多西部森林的碳損失可能會(huì)迅速加速。）”可知，西部森林的未來(lái)趨勢(shì)是碳的流失將會(huì)加速。故選A項(xiàng)。31.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Byprovidingafirenewviewofthreatsatlandscapeandregionallevels,Hallandcolleaguesprovideaframework（框架）thatcouldhelpforestmanagersadaptsitespecificstrategiestostrengthenforestresilience（復(fù)原力）.（通過(guò)對(duì)景觀和區(qū)域?qū)用娴耐{提供全新的看法，Hall及其同事提供了一個(gè)框架，可以幫助森林管理者適應(yīng)特定地點(diǎn)的戰(zhàn)略，以加強(qiáng)森林的恢復(fù)力。）”可知，霍爾森林管理框架的主要功能是幫助管理者調(diào)整戰(zhàn)略以適應(yīng)森林環(huán)境。故選D項(xiàng)。五、（湖北省宜昌一中、荊州中學(xué)2024205學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期十月聯(lián)考）七選五Howtochargeanelectricvehicle(EV)isoneofthebiggestconcernspeoplehavewhenworkingoutwhethergoingelectricisrightforthem.Itistruethatsometimesgainingaccesstoreliablechargingcanseemabittricky.36First,downloadanappwithaprehensivemapofthepublicchargingpointsshowingtheirlocations,howpowerfultheyare,andwhetherthey’reworking.Allthisisvitalinformationbecause,evenifyouhavepublicchargingpointsnearby,youwillneedalternativesincasethey’reinuse.37AgrowingnumberofpropertyownersarerentingouttheirchargingpointsanddrivewaystootherlocalEVdriverswhenthey’renotusingthem.38Thus,yourcargetscharged,theownersmakemoney,andemissionsarereduced.39

Forexample,whenyourcarisrunningoutofjuice,you’djustpulluptoabatterychangestationfromyourcarbrandandsitinthecarwhileafullychargedunitischangedin.TheChineseEVbrandNiodoesthis,butisn’tavailableintheUKasyet.Fornow,ifchargingaccessremainsdifficultforyou,it’sstillpossibletogoelectric—inpart.40Manyhybrid(混合)carsarenowgoodfor50milesofelectricrunningbeforeyouneedtousetheengine.So,ifmostofyourdrivingislocal,youmightonlyneedtofindachargeronceortwiceaweek,whileyouhavethebackupofafuelengineforlongjourneys.A．Butitmaybeeasierthanyouthink.B．Itactuallyworkedoutmuchcheaper.C．TherearealsootherinnovativewaystogetyourEVgoing.D．ApluginEVbinesapetrolenginewithasmallerbattery.E．A“fast”chargerusuallytakeseighthourstofullychargeanEV.F．Soyouneedtogetagoodfeelforwhereyournearestpointsare.G．Youcanfindamapofhomeownerswhosechargingpointsareavailable.【答案】36．A37．F38．G39．C40．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些給電動(dòng)汽車找到可靠的充電電源的方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Itistruethatsometimesgainingaccesstoreliablechargingcanseemabittricky.(的確，有時(shí)獲得可靠的充電似乎有點(diǎn)棘手。)”和下文介紹的方法可知，上文提到獲取可靠的充電可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)棘手，而下文則給出了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法，因此可以推斷出，雖然獲取充電可能有些困難，但實(shí)際上可能比你想象的要容易一些。A項(xiàng)：Butitmaybeeasierthanyouthink.(但這可能比你想象的要容易。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。37．根據(jù)上文“Allthisisvitalinformationbecause,evenifyouhavepublicchargingpointsnearby,youwillneedalternativesincasethey’reinuse.(所有這些都是至關(guān)重要的信息，因?yàn)榧词鼓愀浇泄渤潆婞c(diǎn)，你也需要替代品以防它們被使用。)”可知，上文提到，即使附近有公共充電點(diǎn)，你也需要備用方案以防它們被占用。因此，你需要了解最近的充電點(diǎn)的位置，以便在需要時(shí)能夠找到它們。F項(xiàng)：Soyouneedtogetagoodfeelforwhereyournearestpointsare.(所以你需要對(duì)離你最近的充電點(diǎn)有一個(gè)很好的了解。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。38．根據(jù)上文“AgrowingnumberofpropertyownersarerentingouttheirchargingpointsanddrivewaystootherlocalEVdriverswhenthey’renotusingthem.(越來(lái)越多的業(yè)主在不使用充電點(diǎn)和車道時(shí)將其出租給其他當(dāng)?shù)仉妱?dòng)汽車司機(jī)。)”可知，上文提到越來(lái)越多的業(yè)主將其充電點(diǎn)和車道出租給其他本地電動(dòng)車司機(jī)，因此可以推斷出需要一種方式來(lái)找到這些可用的充電點(diǎn)。G項(xiàng)：Youcanfindamapofhomeownerswhosechargingpointsareavailable.(你可以在地圖上找到有充電站的房主。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。39．根據(jù)下文“Forexample,whenyourcarisrunningoutofjuice,you’djustpulluptoabatterychangestationfromyourcarbrandandsitinthecarwhileafullychargedunitischangedin.(例如，當(dāng)你的車沒(méi)電了，你只需把車停在你的汽車品牌的電池更換站，坐在車?yán)锏却錆M電的電池更換。)”可知，下文提到了換電站的例子，說(shuō)明除了上文提到的充電方法，還有其他創(chuàng)新的方式可以讓電動(dòng)車充電后行駛。C項(xiàng)：TherearealsootherinnovativewaystogetyourEVgoing.(還有其他創(chuàng)新的方法可以讓你的電動(dòng)汽車行駛起來(lái)。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。40．根據(jù)上文“Fornow,ifchargingaccessremainsdifficultforyou,it’sstillpossibletogoelectricinpart.(就目前而言，如果充電對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)仍然很困難，在某種程度上，還是有可能使用電動(dòng)汽車的。)”可知，上文提到，如果充電仍然困難，仍然有可能選擇使用電動(dòng)車。而D選項(xiàng)提到的插電式電動(dòng)汽車（pluginEV）正好符合這種描述，它結(jié)合了汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和較小的電池。D項(xiàng)：ApluginEVbinesapetrolenginewithasmallerbattery.(插入式電動(dòng)汽車將汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和較小的電池結(jié)合在一起。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。六、（云南省昆明市尋甸縣第一中學(xué)20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月月考）應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華，你校將舉行以“MyFavoriteFood”為題的英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你寫一篇演講稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.最喜歡的食物；2.喜歡的理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。MyFavoriteFood__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】MyFavoriteFoodHello,everyone!TodayI’mexcitedtosharewithyoumypassionformyfavouritefood—tofu.Tofuismadefromsoybeansandhasimpressedmewithitstasteandhealthbenefits.Tofucanbeenjoyed