黑龍江省雞西市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷

雞西市第一中學(xué)20242025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高二學(xué)年期中考試英語學(xué)科試卷時(shí)間：120分鐘分值：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分。答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在本試卷和答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。2.回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。3.回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whathastheweatherbeenlikethisweek?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.2.WhatwillthegirlgiveAnneforherbirthday?A.Awatch.B.Anecklace.C.Adictionary.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inashoppingcenter.4.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.VisitLucy.B.Gobackhome.C.TakeLucytohospital.5.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodo?A.Visitarelative.B.Cleanthefloor.C.Rentaflat.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatcolormapleleavesdidAliceseeinKyoto?A.Red,yellowandgreen.B.Red,greenandorange.C.Red,orangeandyellow.7.Whenisthebesttimetoenjoythecolorfulmapleleaves?A.AroundmidOctober.B.AroundmidNovember.C.AroundmidDecember.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Sunday.9.WhatdoesthemanadviseTinatobuy?A.Apples.B.Mushrooms.C.Onions.10.WhoisTinaprobably?A.Jack’sneighbor.B.Jack’swife.C.Jack’smother.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhydidJoyprefertotakeatriptoSingapore?A.Itisnotfarfromhercountry.B.Ithasarichvarietyofscenery.C.Itstransportationisveryconvenient.12.WhatdoesJoythinkofhertriptoSingapore?A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Wonderful.13.Wheredoesthemanefrom?A.China.B.Korea.C.Singapore.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Colleagues.C.Schoolmates.15.HowdoesJennyfeelaboutjoiningtheparty?A.Happy.B.Nervous.C.Worried.16.WhatdoesJennyadviseMiketodo?A.Getinvolvedinvariousgames.B.Wearagenuinesmile.C.Stayforashortwhile.17.WhenwillJennyarriveattheparty?A.At8:10pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At7:50pm.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thedevelopmentofnewspapers.B.Avarietyofsourcesofnews.C.Youngpeople’sinterestinnews.19.Whatpercentageofpeopleregularlypayfornewsproductsaccordingtothesurvey?A.25%.B.45%.C.71%.20.Whattypeofnewsdoyoungpeoplelikebest?A.Foodandcooking.B.Entertainmentandmusic.C.Environmentandeducation.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAustraliaisavastcontinentrichinextraordinarilybeautifulviews.HerearesomeofthemostbeautifulviewsinAustralia.MindilBeach,DarwinSomeofthemostimpressiveAustraliansunsetscanbewitnessedfromMindilBeachasthesundipsbelowtheArafuraSea.Beautifulcolorsofpink,orange,blueandpurplepainttheskyeachnight.FromApriltoOctober,youcanenjoythefestivenightlifeofthefamousMindilBeachSunsetMarketswhichcelebratethewonderfulvieweachnight.SydneyHarbor,SydneyIt’saviewknownasoneofthemostpopularshotsofAustralia.ThefamousSydneyHarborcanbebestexperiencedfromabird’seyeview,oneyoucanexperienceyourselfifyouhavethenervetoclimb143metersabovesealeveltothetopoftheSydneyHarborBridge.Itwillbeanamazingviewthatyou’llrememberforalifetime.CapeByronLighthouse,ByronBayTheCapeByronLighthouseisthemosteasterlypointintheentirecountry.Eachyearmorethan500,000peoplevisitthelighthousewhichrisesupaboveByronBayofferingstrikingviewsofthebay,thebeachandevenanopportunityforwhalewatchingwhentheseasonisright.WhitehavenBeach,WhitsundaysFormany,thetypicalAustralianimageisofabeautifulbeachwithsoftsandandbluewatersallaround.The7kilometerareaofsandknownasWhitehavenBeachonWhitsundayIslandisaboutasbeautifulofabeachviewasonecangetanywhereinthecountry.Thebeachisknownforitspowderwhitesand.Thesandalsodoesn’tkeepheatmeaningthatwalkingbarefootonthebeachisfortableevenatthehottestpointsoftheday.Whitehavencanonlybeaccessedbyboat,makingthisapictureworthyofanypostcard.1.WhatcanyouenjoyatMindilBeach?A.Beautifulsunrises. B.Thefestivenightlife.C.Afamouslighthouse. D.Colorfularchitecture.2.Whichplacecanofferyouachancetoseewhales?AMindilBeach. B.TheSydneyHarborBridge.C.WhitehavenBeach. D.TheCapeByronLighthouse.3.WhatmakesWhitehavenBeachunique?A.Thesand. B.Theclimate. C.Thetransport. D.Theseawater.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是澳大利亞四處最美的景色?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MindilBeach,Darwin部分中的“FromApriltoOctober,youcanenjoythefestivenightlifeofthefamousMindilBeachSunsetMarketswhichcelebratethewonderfulvieweachnight.(從4月到10月，你可以在著名的Mindil海灘日落市場享受節(jié)日的夜生活，每晚都可以欣賞到美妙的景色。)”可知，從4月到10月可以在著名的Mindil海灘日落市場享受節(jié)日的夜生活。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CapeByronLighthouse,ByronBay部分中的“Eachyearmorethan500,000peoplevisitthelighthousewhichrisesupaboveByronBayofferingstrikingviewsofthebay,thebeachandevenanopportunityforwhalewatchingwhentheseasonisright.(每年有超過50萬人參觀聳立在拜倫灣上空的燈塔，在這里可以欣賞到海灣和海灘的壯麗景色，甚至在合適的季節(jié)還可以觀賞鯨魚。)”可知，在這里可以欣賞到海灣和海灘壯麗的景色，甚至在合適的季節(jié)可以有機(jī)會觀賞鯨魚，所以在CapeByronLighthouse,ByronBay有機(jī)會觀賞鯨魚。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhitehavenBeach,Whitsundays部分中的“Thebeachisknownforitspowderwhitesand.Thesandalsodoesn’tkeepheatmeaningthatwalkingbarefootonthebeachisfortableevenatthehottestpointsoftheday.(這個(gè)海灘以其粉白色的沙子而聞名。沙子也不保溫，這意味著即使在一天中最熱的時(shí)候，赤腳走在海灘上也很舒服。)”可知，在WhitehavenBeach的沙子不會保溫，這就意味著在一天中最熱的時(shí)候，赤腳走在沙灘上也很舒服，所以使WhitehavenBeach獨(dú)特的地方是沙灘上的沙子。故選A項(xiàng)。BLikemostmammals(哺乳動物),themotherprovidingthemainparentalcaretothechildrenismonamongtigerfamilies.Thefemaleusuallycaresforthecubs(幼獸)andthemaledoesnothaveanypartinraisingthem.Butrecently,afathertigeratthePannaTigerReserveinIndiahastoppledthetraditionbyexhibitinganunusualmotherlybehavior.Thisisunheardofandsomethingoutoftheordinary.Yourarelywitnesssomethinglikethisinhumans,andthisisalsounmonwithintheanimalkingdom.Itseemslikethetigertakesontheroleofasingledad.Accordingtothenaturallaw,afterthebirthofthecubs,itisthemothertigerthatstaysbythesideofhercubs.Fortwoyears,shemonitorsthecubs,teachingthemhuntingskillsandothersurvivalskills,beforelettingthemheadoffontheirownintheirmatureage.ItshocksworkersatthePannaTigerReservewhenthetigerstartedcaringforfourcubs,afterthesuddendeathoftheirmother,duetounknowncauses.Beyondthenaturalroleofamaletigerasaprotector,thefathertigerisseenhuntingadeerfortheyoungcubs.Besidessharinghismeal,heisalsoheardtomunicatewiththecubsbycallingthemwithroars(吼叫).UttamSharma,thedirectorofthePannaTigerReserve,reportsthatthefathertigervisitsthecubsregularlyandthatbyplayingandsharinganimalshehuntswiththecubsregularly,thetigerisclearlyconveyingthemessagethatheshouldnotbeconsideredadangertothelittleones.Theconservationistsofthereservealsocarefullymonitorthe8montholdcubs.Throughtheirobservation,theyjudgethatthecubsarecurrentlyfitandnothungry,andarespendingstressfreedayswiththeirfather.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toppled”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.broken B.followed C.preserved D.upset5.Whatmakestheworkerssurprised?A.Themothertiger’ssuddendeath.B.Thefathertiger’sresponsetocubs.C.Thefathertiger’ssharingmealswithcubs.D.Thefathertiger’smunicatingwithcubs.6.WhatdoesUttamSharmasayaboutthecubs?A.Theygetalongwiththeirfather. B.Theyarefarfromphysicallyhealthy.C.Theyfeartostaywiththeirfather. D.Theyareunderconservationists’protection.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FatherlyLoveCountsaLotinParenting.B.FatherTigerGivesRareCaringtoItsCubs.C.MaleTigersChangeTheirRoleinFamily.D.RaisingCubsIsn’tJustFemales’Responsibility.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。和眾多哺乳動物一樣，老虎媽媽主要承擔(dān)了照顧幼獸的責(zé)任。但在印度潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)中，一只“單親”老虎爸爸細(xì)心地照顧著它的四只幼獸?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Likemostmammals(哺乳動物),themotherprovidingthemainparentalcaretothechildrenismonamongtigerfamilies.Thefemaleusuallycaresforthecubs(幼獸)andthemaledoesnothaveanypartinraisingthem.(像大多數(shù)哺乳動物一樣，在虎的家庭中，母親主要照顧孩子是很常見的。母虎通常照顧幼崽，而公虎不參與撫養(yǎng)它們。)”可知，像大多數(shù)哺乳動物一樣，在老虎家族中，照顧幼獸的通常是老虎媽媽，老虎爸爸并不負(fù)責(zé)養(yǎng)育幼獸。再結(jié)合畫線詞后文“Thisisunheardofandsomethingoutoftheordinary.(這是聞所未聞的，也是不尋常的。)”可知，和其他雄性老虎不同，印度潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)的這只老虎爸爸顛覆了傳統(tǒng)，給予其幼獸“母親般的”照顧。由此可知，畫線詞應(yīng)是“顛覆，推翻”之意，A項(xiàng)含義與之相似。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ItshocksworkersatthePannaTigerReservewhenthetigerstartedcaringforfourcubs,afterthesuddendeathoftheirmother,duetounknowncauses.(潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)的工作人員震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，這只老虎在母親因不明原因突然死亡后，開始照顧四只幼崽。)”可知，令工作人員感到驚訝的是，在老虎媽媽因不明原因突然死亡之后，潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)的這只老虎爸爸開始照顧四只幼獸。也就是說，老虎爸爸對其幼獸的反應(yīng)讓工作人員感到驚訝。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“UttamSharma,thedirectorofthePannaTigerReserve,reportsthatthefathertigervisitsthecubsregularlyandthatbyplayingandsharinganimalshehuntswiththecubsregularly,thetigerisclearlyconveyingthemessagethatheshouldnotbeconsideredadangertothelittleones.(潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)的負(fù)責(zé)人烏塔姆·夏爾馬說，這只老虎爸爸會定期探望幼崽，并定期與幼崽們一起玩耍和分享他所捕獵到的動物，這只老虎清楚地傳達(dá)了這樣的信息：不要把它視為對孩子們的威脅。)”可知，這只老虎爸爸經(jīng)常來看這四只幼獸，陪它們玩耍，和它們分享獵物。由此可知，老虎爸爸與這四只幼獸相處融洽。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butrecently,afathertigeratthePannaTigerReserveinIndiahastoppledthetraditionbyexhibitinganunusualmotherlybehavior.Thisisunheardofandsomethingoutoftheordinary.(但最近，印度潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)的一只老虎爸爸打破了這一傳統(tǒng)，表現(xiàn)出一種不同尋常的母性行為。這是聞所未聞的，也是不尋常的。)”及全文可知，本文主要介紹的是潘納老虎保護(hù)區(qū)的一只老虎爸爸在老虎媽媽突然死亡之后，承擔(dān)起了照顧幼獸的責(zé)任，這在動物界是非常罕見的。故選B。CEachAprilThaiscelebratetheir“ThaiNewYear”withagreatwaterfightonthestreets.Peoplethrowwaterateveryonepassingbyandevenblocktheroadsotheycanenterbusesand“paintthefaces”ofallthepassengers.Butthereareafewpeoplewhodon’twishtoparticipateinthefun.WhenIfirstexperiencedthiscelebration,Iwasoneofthem.Thefirsttimeourbuswasstopped,4peopleingintothebusintendedtopainteveryone’sface.Islowlyshookmyheadtosay“No,thankyou.”,butamancamefrombehindmeandquicklypaintedmyface.Thentheotherthreefeltinspiredandaddedalittlemore“paint”tomyface.Ididn’tactivelystopthemforfearthatifIdid,theywouldbeemoreaggressive(好斗的)andthrowevenmorewateratmeandpossiblymybackpack,whichwoulddamagewhateverwasinside.Eventhoughithappenedonlyonce,emotionallyitwasveryfrighteningbecauseIfeltsopowerless.Theexperiencecausedmetothinkalotaboutrespectandmoralautonomyorindividualjudgmentvs“permission”fromtheauthorities.Onthisday,peopleofThailand,includingthepolice,give“permission”fortheseactivities.Sowhataboutrespectfortheindividual?Ifsomeonedoesnotwanttobepainted,isitOKtodoitanyhowbecausethemajorityishavingagoodtimeandsincerelybelievesitisharmlessfun,orbecausethepoliceallowit?Inmyopinion,ifsomeonedoesnotwanttohavesomethingdonetothem,thenyou’resupposedtorespecttheirdecision.Youcan’trelyontheauthoritiesorsomegrouptotellyouifsomethingisrightorwrongorifyoushouldorshouldn’tdosomething.Ibelievethisisamuchhealthierwayoflivingwithoneanotherinthisworld.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byraisingaquestion. B.Bymakinganassumption.C.Byprovidingaparison. D.Bysupportingacelebration.9.Whydidtheauthorinactivelyresistbeingpainted?A.Hewasafraidofcausingconflict. B.Hewantedtoprotectthingsinhisbackpack.C.Theactivitygotofficialpermission. D.Themajoritywereinfavorofthebehavior.10.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheexperience?A.Itwasunpleasant. B.Itwasinvaluable.C.Itwasinformative. D.Itwasacceptable.11.Whatismainlyconveyedinthelastparagraph?A.Doasyouwouldbedoneby.B.Fearalwaysspringsfromignorance.C.WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.D.Respectmattersininterpersonalmunication.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。每年四月，泰國人都會在街頭舉行大規(guī)模的“水仗”來慶祝他們的“泰國新年”，人們向每個(gè)路過的人潑水，甚至封鎖道路，以進(jìn)入公交車給所有乘客“涂臉”。但也有少數(shù)人不愿參與其中，作者就是其中之一。作者認(rèn)為在人際交往中，應(yīng)該尊重其他人的決定。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplethrowwaterateveryonepassingbyandevenblocktheroadsotheycanenterbusesand“paintthefaces”ofallthepassengers.Butthereareafewpeoplewhodon’twishtoparticipateinthefun.(人們向每個(gè)路過的人潑水，甚至封鎖道路，這樣他們就可以進(jìn)入公交車給所有乘客“涂臉”。但也有一些人不想?yún)⑴c其中)”可知，作者通過提供比較的方法引入文章主題。故選C項(xiàng)。9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ididn’tactivelystopthemforfearthatifIdid,theywouldbeemoreaggressiveandthrowevenmorewateratmeandpossiblymybackpack,whichwoulddamagewhateverwasinside.(我沒有積極地阻止他們，因?yàn)槲覔?dān)心如果我這樣做了，他們會變得更具攻擊性，向我潑更多的水，可能還會潑我的背包，這會損壞里面的東西)”可知，作者沒有積極反抗是為了保護(hù)自己背包里的東西。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Eventhoughithappenedonlyonce,emotionallyitwasveryfrighteningbecauseIfeltsopowerless.(盡管這種情況只發(fā)生過一次，但從情感上來說，這非?？膳?，因?yàn)槲腋械綗o能為力)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為這次經(jīng)歷是不愉快的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inmyopinion,ifsomeonedoesnotwanttohavesomethingdonetothem,thenyou’resupposedtorespecttheirdecision.Youcan’trelyontheauthoritiesorsomegrouptotellyouifsomethingisrightorwrongorifyoushouldorshouldn’tdosomething.Ibelievethisisamuchhealthierwayoflivingwithoneanotherinthisworld.(在我看來，如果有人不想對他們做什么，那么你應(yīng)該尊重他們的決定。你不能依賴官方或某個(gè)團(tuán)體來告訴你某件事是對是錯(cuò)，或者你應(yīng)該做什么或不應(yīng)該做什么。我相信在這個(gè)世界上，這是一種更健康的生活方式)”可知，在人際交往中，不應(yīng)該依賴官方或某人團(tuán)體來判斷事件的對錯(cuò)，而應(yīng)該尊重其他人的決定，所以本段主要表達(dá)了在人際交往中，尊重很重要。故選D項(xiàng)。DAnewstudyoftheelderlyhasfoundnapping(小睡)toomuchindaytimemaysignalanincreasingriskofAlzheimer’sdisease.ResearchersfromBrighamandWomen’sHospitalhavereportedtherelationshipbetweenthetwo:nappingtoomuchindaytimepredictsanincreasedfutureriskofAlzheimer’s,andadiagnosisofAlzheimer’sspeedsuptheincreaseinnappingduringaging.“Daytimesleepbehaviorofolderadultsisoftenignored,andanagreementfornappinginclinicalpracticeandhealthcareisstilllacking,”saidPengLi,oneoftheresearchers.“Ourteamcallsforacloserattentionto24hoursleeppatterns—notonlynighttimesleepbutalsoanap—fortrackingthehealthoftheelderly.TheresearchersrecognizedthatallpreviousstudiesonAlzheimer’sdiseaseassessednappingwithinaparticipantonlyonce,andmostofthemweresubjectiveandquestionnaire—based.Inthenewstudy,morethan1,000individuals,withanaverageageof81,wereprovidedwithActical,awatchlikedevice,towearontheirwristforupto14days.Afternapepisodeswereidentified,thenapdurationandfrequencywerecalculated.TheresultshavesuggestedthatnappingtoomuchindaytimemaysignalanincreasingriskofAlzheimer’s,andthatfasteryearlyincreaseinnappingmaybeasignofworseningorunfavourableclinicaldevelopmentofthedisease.Researchershaveacknowledgedthatalthoughthemethodofthenewstudyhasbeenwidelyusedinsleepfieldstudies,theyrecognizethatpolysomnography(多導(dǎo)睡眠描記)isthegoldstandardforsleepscoring.Moreover,theparticipantsstudiedweretheelderly,andtherefore,thefindingsmaynotbeeasilytranslatedtoyoungpeople.Inaddition,futurestudiesshouldtestwhetheradirectinterventioninanapcanlowertheriskofAlzheimer’s.“Wehopetodrawmoreattentiontodaytimesleeppatternsandtheimportanceofpatientsnotingiftheirsleepschedulechangesovertime,”saidcoseniorauthorKunHuoftheMedicalBiodynamicsProgram.“Sleepchangesarecriticalinshapingtheinternalchangesinthebrain.”12.Whatdoesthenewstudyoftheelderlyshow?A.ThelinkbetweenanapandAlzheimer’s. B.ThecausesandsymptomsofAlzheimer’s.C.Theproperamountsofdaytimesleep. D.Thewaystoimprovethequalityofsleep.13.Howdidtheresearchersconductthenewstudy?A.Byaskingabouttheparticipants’ideas. B.Bycarryingoutaparticularquestionnaire.C.Bytrackingparticipants’sleepwithadevice. D.Byassessingparticipantscalculatingtasks.14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?A.Themethodofthenewstudyisperfect. B.Thefindingsaresuitableforallages.C.Furtherstudiesshouldbecarriedout. D.InterventioncanreducetheriskofAlzheirmer’s.15.WhatdoesKunHutalkabout?A.Thepatternsofdaytimesleep. B.Thewaytomakesleepschedules.C.Thecausesofbrainchanges. D.Thesignificanceofthenewstudy.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)老年人白天睡眠過多會增加患阿爾茨海默病的概率?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudyoftheelderlyhasfoundnapping(小睡)toomuchindaytimemaysignalanincreasingriskofAlzheimer’sdisease.ResearchersfromBrighamandWomen’sHospitalhavereportedtherelationshipbetweenthetwo:nappingtoomuchindaytimepredictsanincreasedfutureriskofAlzheimer’s,andadiagnosisofAlzheimer’sspeedsuptheincreaseinnappingduringaging.(一項(xiàng)針對老年人的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，白天小睡過多可能會增加患阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。布萊根婦女醫(yī)院的研究人員報(bào)告了兩者之間的關(guān)系：白天小睡過多預(yù)示著未來患阿爾茨海默氏癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加，而阿爾茨海默氏癥的診斷會加速衰老過程中午睡的增加)”可知，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了老年人的白天睡眠時(shí)間和阿爾茨海默病之間的關(guān)系。故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthenewstudy,morethan1,000individuals,withanaverageageof81,wereprovidedwithActical,awatchlikedevice,towearontheirwristforupto14days.(在這項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員為1000多名平均年齡為81歲的人提供了一種類似手表的設(shè)備，讓他們在手腕上佩戴長達(dá)14天的時(shí)間)”可知，研究人員的研究方法是通過使用設(shè)備跟蹤參與者的睡眠。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Inaddition,futurestudiesshouldtestwhetheradirectinterventioninanapcanlowertheriskofAlzheimer’s.(此外，未來的研究應(yīng)該測試是否直接干預(yù)午睡可以降低患阿爾茨海默氏癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，還需再開展進(jìn)一步的研究。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Wehopetodrawmoreattentiontodaytimesleeppatternsandtheimportanceofpatientsnotingiftheirsleepschedulechangesovertime,”saidcoseniorauthorKunHuoftheMedicalBiodynamicsProgram.“Sleepchangesarecriticalinshapingtheinternalchangesinthebrain.”(醫(yī)學(xué)生物動力學(xué)項(xiàng)目的資深作者胡坤說：“我們希望引起人們對白天睡眠模式的更多關(guān)注，以及患者注意他們的睡眠時(shí)間表是否會隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變的重要性。睡眠變化對大腦內(nèi)部變化的形成至關(guān)重要?！?”可知，KunHu主要談到了這項(xiàng)新研究的意義。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeople’susualpracticewhenpreparingfruitandvegetablesistopeelthem.____16____Thereareimportantnutrientsinthepeel.Fruitandvegetablesarerichsourcesofvitamins,minerals,fiberandmanyotherbeneficialplantchemicals,suchassubstancesthatprotectyourcellsfromharm.____17____Socouldconsumingfruitandvegetablepeelhelpwiththisissuebyaddingimportantnutrientstopeople’sdiets?____18____Forexample,plentyofnutritionallyimportantvitaminsandmineralsarefoundinthepeelofsomevegetables:wildcarrots,sweetpotatoesandwhitepotatoes.AndtheUSDepartmentofAgricultureshowsthatunpeeledapplescontain15%morevitaminC,20%morecalcium(鈣)and85%morefiberthanpeeledones.Giventhenutrientcontentofpeel,whydopeoplepeelfruitandvegetables?Somemustbepeeledastheouterpartsarenotsuitableforeatingorwillcauseharm,suchasbananas,oranges,melons,pineapples,mangoesandonions.Butthepeelofapples,potatoes,carrotsandcucumberscanbeeaten.____19____Somepeoplepeelfruitandvegetablesbecausetheyareconcernedaboutpesticidesonthesurface.Butmostoftheresidue(殘留物)canberemovedbywashing.____20____Listsofpesticidecontentoffruitandvegetablesareavailableinsomecountries—forexample,thePesticideActionNetworkproducesonefortheUK.Thiscanhelpyoudecidewhichfruitandvegetablestopeelandwhichpeelscanbeeaten.A.Surely,it’sworthatry.B.Itcancertainlycontribute.C.Butoften,it’snotnecessary.D.However,manypeoplepeelthemanyway.E.Cookingtechniques,suchasboilingandsteaming,canalsoreduceit.F.Theycanhelptoreducewasteandincreasetheirfruitandvegetableintake.G.Notconsumingenoughofthesenutrientrichfoodsislinkedtoanincreasedriskofsomediseases.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了人們在處理果蔬時(shí)通常會削皮的做法，指出果蔬皮含有重要營養(yǎng)成分，分析了人們削皮的原因，并給出了關(guān)于哪些果蔬皮可食用、哪些需削皮的相關(guān)建議。【16題詳解】上文“Manypeople’susualpracticewhenpreparingfruitandvegetablesistopeelthem.(許多人在準(zhǔn)備水果和蔬菜時(shí)的通常做法是削皮)”提到人們削皮的習(xí)慣，下文“Thereareimportantnutrientsinthepeel.(果皮中有重要的營養(yǎng)成分)”則指出果皮含有營養(yǎng)，前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折對比，C選項(xiàng)“但通常情況下，這是不必要的?！狈险Z境。故選C?！?7題詳解】上文“Fruitandvegetablesarerichsourcesofvitamins,minerals,fiberandmanyotherbeneficialplantchemicals,suchassubstancesthatprotectyourcellsfromharm.(水果和蔬菜是維生素、礦物質(zhì)、纖維和許多其他有益植物化學(xué)物質(zhì)的豐富來源，比如能保護(hù)細(xì)胞免受傷害的物質(zhì))”介紹了果蔬富含營養(yǎng)的情況，下文“Socouldconsumingfruitandvegetablepeelhelpwiththisissuebyaddingimportantnutrientstopeople’sdiets?(那么，食用果蔬皮通過在人們飲食中添加重要營養(yǎng)成分，能有助于解決這個(gè)問題嗎？)”提到食用果蔬皮能否解決相關(guān)問題，結(jié)合空處所在位置，可推知此處應(yīng)說明與疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，從而引出下文關(guān)于食用果蔬皮能否改善這一情況的疑問，G選項(xiàng)“沒有攝入足夠的這些富含營養(yǎng)的食物與某些疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加有關(guān)”符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】上文“Socouldconsumingfruitandvegetablepeelhelpwiththisissuebyaddingimportantnutrientstopeople’sdiets?(那么，食用果蔬皮通過在人們飲食中添加重要營養(yǎng)成分，能有助于解決這個(gè)問題嗎？)”提出食用果蔬皮能否解決相關(guān)問題的疑問，下文“Forexample,plentyofnutritionallyimportantvitaminsandmineralsarefoundinthepeelofsomevegetables:wildcarrots,sweetpotatoesandwhitepotatoes.AndtheUSDepartmentofAgricultureshowsthatunpeeledapplescontain15%morevitaminC,20%morecalcium(鈣)and85%morefiberthanpeeledones.(例如，在一些蔬菜的皮中發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量具有重要營養(yǎng)的維生素和礦物質(zhì)：野胡蘿卜、紅薯和白薯。美國農(nóng)業(yè)部表明，未削皮的蘋果比削皮的蘋果含有多15%的維生素C、多20%的鈣和多85%的纖維)”列舉了果蔬皮含有營養(yǎng)成分的例子，說明食用果蔬皮確實(shí)能增加營養(yǎng)，B選項(xiàng)“它肯定能有所貢獻(xiàn)”符合語境，對上文的疑問作出肯定回答。故選B?！?9題詳解】上文“Butthepeelofapples,potatoes,carrotsandcucumberscanbeeaten.(但蘋果、土豆、胡蘿卜和黃瓜的皮是可以吃的)”舉例說明了有些水果的皮是可以吃的，此處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折對比，表示即使果皮可以吃，但是人們還是會把它們削皮。D選項(xiàng)“但通常情況下，這是不必要的?！狈险Z境。故選D?！?0題詳解】上文“Somepeoplepeelfruitandvegetablesbecausetheyareconcernedaboutpesticidesonthesurface.Butmostoftheresidue(殘留物)canberemovedbywashing.(有些人削水果和蔬菜的皮是因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心表面的農(nóng)藥。但大部分殘留物可以通過清洗去除)”提到通過清洗可去除大部分農(nóng)藥殘留物，下文“Listsofpesticidecontentoffruitandvegetablesareavailableinsomecountries—forexample,thePesticideActionNetworkproducesonefortheUK.Thiscanhelpyoudecidewhichfruitandvegetablestopeelandwhichpeelscanbeeaten.(一些國家有水果和蔬菜農(nóng)藥含量清單——例如，農(nóng)藥行動網(wǎng)絡(luò)為英國制作了一份。這可以幫助你決定哪些水果和蔬菜要削皮，哪些果皮可以吃)”提到可依據(jù)農(nóng)藥含量清單來決定是否削皮等，結(jié)合空處位置，可知此處應(yīng)是進(jìn)一步說明減少農(nóng)藥殘留的其他方法，E選項(xiàng)“烹飪技術(shù)，如煮和蒸，也可以減少它”符合語境，這里的“it”指代上文的“pesticideresidue(農(nóng)藥殘留物)”。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asamathteacher,Iwitnessedagroupofheroicteenssaveawoman’slifethismorning.WhileIwasinfrontofthe____21____duringmymorningduty,Iheardaloud____22____atthecrossroadsthatappearedtobeanaccident.Irantothe____23____andsawtwocarswereinvolved—inonewasawomanwhocouldn’tgetout.Thedoorwasstuckandin____24____shape.WhileIcalled911,thefootballplayersofourschoolwho____25____theaccidentrantothecarandstartedhelpingthelady.They____26____startedusingtheirstrengthto____27____thelady.Afterafewsecondsofpullingandpushingthedoor,theboysendedup____28____itandhelpedhergetoutofthecar.Shewas____29____andstillinpanic,andourplayersgaveher____30____andhelpedhercalmdownbeforeshewastransportedtoalocalhospitalwithwhatwelastknewasminorinjuries.Thenweknewthewholestory.Thewomantriedto____31____runningintoacarthathadturnedinfrontofher.Sheendedup____32____anothervehicle,whichwaswhenthefootballplayersranoutto____33____her.Thesefootballplayersreally____34____today.Theywentaboveandbeyondtohelpthisladywithouthesitation.Theschoolhasidentifiedthosestudentsandrewardedthemfortheir____35____andkindness.21.A.station B.house C.hospital D.school22.A.alarm B.noise C.cheer D.laugh23.A.campus B.court C.crossroads D.classroom24.A.terrible B.odd C.fair D.simple25.A.survived B.caused C.prevented D.witnessed26.A.suddenly B.directly C.gradually D.carelessly27.A.release B.consider C.involve D.identify28.A.spotting B.answering C.opening D.closing29.A.shaking B.plaining C.fainting D.waving30.A.apology B.treatment C.fort D.warning31.A.remember B.avoid C.risk D.delay32.A.operating B.abandoning C.taking D.hitting33.A.assist B.visit C.stop D.guide34.A.showedoff B.stoodout C.setoff D.heldout35.A.confidence B.forgiveness C.advice D.selflessness【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.C29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者目睹學(xué)校足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員奮勇救助因交通事故而被困在車中的一名女士的過程?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我清晨在校門前值崗時(shí)，我聽到了巨大的響聲，十字路口發(fā)生了一場車禍。A.station車站；B.house房子；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.school學(xué)校。根據(jù)上文“Asamathteacher,Iwitnessedagroupofheroicteenssaveawoman’slifethismorning.”可知，作者是一名數(shù)學(xué)老師，在校門口值崗。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我清晨在校門前值崗時(shí)，我聽到了巨大響聲，十字路口發(fā)生了一場車禍。A.alarm警報(bào)；B.noise噪音、響聲；C.cheer歡呼；D.laugh笑聲。根據(jù)下文“anaccident”可知，發(fā)生事故時(shí)作者聽到了巨大的響聲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我跑到十字路口，看到這場事故涉及到兩輛車，其中一輛車中有個(gè)女人出不來了。A.campus校園；B.court法庭；C.crossroads十字路口；D.classroom教室。根據(jù)上文“Iheardaloudnoiseatthecrossroads”可知作者跑到事故發(fā)生的十字路口。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：汽車門卡住了，情況很糟糕。A.terrible糟糕的；B.odd奇怪的；C.fair公平的；D.simple簡單的。根據(jù)上文“inonewasawomanwhocouldn’tgetout”講女人出不來了和本句前半句汽車門卡住了，可知情況很嚴(yán)重。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我撥打911時(shí)，目睹了這場車禍的我們學(xué)校的足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員跑向這輛車，開始幫助這個(gè)女士。A.survived幸存；B.caused導(dǎo)致；C.prevented阻止；D.witnessed目睹。根據(jù)下文“ranouttothecar andstartedhelpingthelady”可知足球隊(duì)員目睹了這場事故，才會去幫忙。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們直接用自己的力量來解救被困的女士。A.suddenly突然；B.directly直接地；C.gradually逐漸地；D.carelessly粗心地。根據(jù)下文“pullingandpushingthedoor”可知，足球運(yùn)動員沒有工具，直接使用他們的力量破門。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們直接用自己的力量來解救這個(gè)女士。A.release釋放，松開；B.consider考慮；C.involve涉及；D.identify認(rèn)出。根據(jù)上文“inonewasawomanwhocouldn’tgetout”和“andstartedhelpingthelady”可知這位女士卡在車?yán)锪?，足球運(yùn)動員們破門來釋放被困的女士。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾秒鐘的推門和拉門，這些男孩最終打開了門救出了她。A.spotting看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.answering回答；C.opening打開；D.closing關(guān)閉。根據(jù)下文“helpedhergetoutofthecar”可知，他們最后成功打開了車門，救出了被困的女士。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她渾身顫抖，心有余悸，在她被送到醫(yī)院之前，我們的隊(duì)員安慰她，讓她平靜下來，最后我們得知她受了輕傷。A.shaking發(fā)抖；B.plaining抱怨；C.fainting昏厥；D.waving揮手。根據(jù)下文“stillinpanic”可知，女士仍然感到恐懼，渾身顫抖。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她渾身顫抖，心有余悸，在她被送到醫(yī)院之前，我們的隊(duì)員安慰她，讓她平靜下來，最后我們得知她受了輕傷。A.apology道歉；B.treatment治療；C.fort安慰；D.warning警告。根據(jù)上文“stillinpanic”和下文“helpedhercalmdown”可知，女士感到恐懼，于是隊(duì)友們安慰她。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)女士努力避免撞到一輛在她前面掉頭的車。A.remember記?。籅.avoid避免；C.risk冒險(xiǎn)；D.delay推遲。根據(jù)上文“Thenweknewthewholestory.”同時(shí)結(jié)合下文“Sheendedup12anothervehicle”她撞上另外一輛車可知，這里在講述事故發(fā)生的原因是她努力避免撞上前面掉頭的車。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查