中考英語高分策略-任務(wù)型閱讀解題方法

中考英語高分策略-任務(wù)型閱讀任務(wù)型閱讀不僅可以測試考生的語言知識水平和閱讀能力，它還可以測試考生對必須知道的普通生活常識的了解，其特點是考查的內(nèi)容豐富多彩，題型設(shè)計多種多樣。在答題時，首先要用閱讀材料所提供的信息進行分析處理，然后再按要求完成各項任務(wù)。常見題型有判斷型、還原型、完成句子型、完成表格型、回答問題型和其他任務(wù)型等。?判斷型：首先，要把握每個待定句子的含義；其次，要通讀短文，把握文章大意，明確作者的觀點和態(tài)度；再通過尋讀法在原文中找出與每個問題相關(guān)的段落與詞句，與這些段落、詞句意思相符或與作者觀點相同的，可判斷為正確的，否則，就是錯誤的?！纠?】

閱讀短文，判斷句子正誤。(2017，呼和浩特)Whatareyougoingtodoifyouareinaburninghouse?Howwillyouescape?Doyouknowhowtosaveyourself?Pleasereadthefollowingpassage.Escapingfromafireisaseriousmatter.Knowingwhattododuringafirecansaveyourlife.It'simportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuseandshowthemtoeveryoneinthefamily,suchasstairwaysandfireescapes,butnotelevators.Fromthelowerfloorsofthebuildings,escapingthroughwindowsispossible.Learnthebestwayofleavingbywindowswiththeleastchanceofseriousinjury.Thesecondfloorwindowisusuallynotveryhighfromtheground.Ofcourse,itissafertojumpashortwaythantostayinaburningbuilding.Windowsarealsousefulwhenyouarewaitingforhelp.Besuretokeepthedoorclosed,orsmokeandfiremaycomeintotheroom.Keepyourheadlowatthewindowtobesureyougetfreshairratherthansmokethatmaygetintotheroom.Onasecondorthirdfloor,thebestwindowsforescapearethosethatopenontoaroof.Fromtheroofapersoncandroptothegroundmoresafely.Droppingontohardgroundmightendininjury.Bushesandgrasscanhelptobreakafall.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F)。1．It'simportanttoknowhowtoescapefromafire.2．Inafirewecanuseelevatorstocomedown.3．Windowsofanyfloorcan'tbeusedwhenyouarewaitingforhelp.4．Doorsmustbeopensothatyoucangetfreshairinafire.5．Thepassagemayhelpsaveyourlifeinafire.解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“It'simportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuse.”可知，碰到火災(zāi)時知道如何逃生很重要。故該句正確。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“It'simportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuse...suchasstairwaysandfireescapes,butnotelevators.”可知，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時不能使用電梯逃生。故該句錯誤。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，從低層樓房中的窗戶逃生是可行的。故該句錯誤。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，要關(guān)上門，否則煙和火會蔓延到房間。故該句錯誤。5．推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了如何從火災(zāi)中逃生和自救，例如跳窗、關(guān)門、不要使用電梯等；據(jù)此可知，本文也許會幫助你從火災(zāi)中逃生。故該句正確。1．____

2.____

3.____

4.____

5.____TFFFT閱讀下列短文，判斷正(T)誤(F)。(2017，陜西)AHaveyoueverthoughtaboutmakingabicyclethatyoudreamof?Somecreativepeoplehaveinventedsomespecialbicycles.Herearethreeofthem.BambikesBambikesareproducedinacompanyinPhilippines.Theyaremadeofanunusualkindofbambooandothermaterialslikemetalandalocalplant.Theyareverystrong.Andtheyareaperfectcombination(結(jié)合)ofthegreenestbuildingmaterialandcommonbicycles.Bymakingbambikes,thecompanyoffersjobstothelocalpeople.Besides,itprovidesmoneyforsomestudentsinitscommunitytopayfortheirstudy.Tocontinuetheproduction,thecompanyplantsmorebamboothanitcuts.TheheaviestbicycleAGermancyclinglover,FrankDose,hasrecentlymadetheworld'sheaviestbicyclewithbigoldwheelsandlotsofotherwastematerials.Hecreateditjustbecauseofabet(打賭)hemadewithhisfriend.Thebicycleweighed1.08tons.Itbroketheworldrecordofitskindinweight.Franksaidhisbicyclewassurprisinglyeasytoridealthoughithadahugesizeandweighedalot.Herodeitinfrontof5000peopleforover100meterstoproveit.Twisted(變形的)bicyclesTwobrothersinFrancecreatedabikethatlooksstrangetorideandtwistsinthemiddle.Riderscanmaketightturns(急轉(zhuǎn)彎).Thebrotherssaythebicycleishardtoridesoitcanstoppeoplefromstealingit.Infact,itisn'tashardtocontrolasyoumaythink.Ittakesadayortwotogetusedtothecrazywayofriding.It'samazing.Sofar,therehavebeen30ofthebicycle,buttheyarenotforsaleyet.3．如果是will，be，have，can組成的疑問句，在變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要把這些詞還原到句中原來的謂語位置上，并根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。如：“Willyoubefreetomorrow？”Sheaskedme.→Sheaskedmeif(whether)Iwouldbefreetomorrow.她問我明天是否是空閑的。()1.Frankbuilttheworld'sheaviestbicyclewiththematerialsthathisfriendboughtforhim.()2.Somestudentsinthecommunitycangetmoneyfromthebambikecompanytopayfortheirstudy.()3.Bambikesaremadeofaspecialkindofbambooandothermaterials.()4.Thetwobrothersrodetheirbikesinfrontofsomepeopletoshowhowtousethem.()5.30twistedbicyclesweremadeandsoldout.FTTFF?還原型：1．要在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，把握段落與段落之間、句子與句子之間的行文關(guān)系和邏輯關(guān)系。2．找出突破口，先還原位置較明顯的句子，然后把其余的句子逐一回歸原文。對于模棱兩可的句子，可試著回歸原文，反復(fù)誦讀上下文，判斷其位置是否恰當(dāng)。3．將所有的句子都還原到短文中后，再通讀全文，檢查文章是否通順、邏輯是否合理。【例2】

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)所給的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。(2017，河南)Startinghighschoolisagreatexperienceforanyteenager.Whetheryouarecomingfromamiddleschool(gradessixthrougheight)orajuniorhighschool(gradesseventhroughnine)，therearemanythingsabouthighschoolthataredifferentfromyouroldschoolenvironment.1.____Youwillfacebeinginanewschool，makingnewfriendsinanunfamiliarclassandgettingtoknownewteachers.Thesenewteacherswillusuallyhavehigheracademic(學(xué)術(shù)的)levelthanyourmiddleandjunior-highschoolteachers.2.____Inreturn，theyexpectyoutoworkhardanddevelopyourskills.ABOntopofallthis，peerpressure(同伴壓力)todrinkandsmokeoftenincreasesinhighschool.3.____Althoughthereisalotofpressure，itisnothingyoucannotdealwith.Ifyouarefeelingpressuretodosomethingthatyoufeeliswrong，talktoafriend，parentorcounselortofindasolution(解決).4.____Ifyouarenotsucceedingacademically，findsomeonetohelpyou.Ifyoufeellonely，trytojoinaschoolcluborgrouptomakenewfriends.5．____Withtime，youwillcometobethankfulforeverythingaboutyourexperience.Onthepointofstartingyourhighschool，areyouready?EDC根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A．Youwillexperiencemanychanges.B．Theywanttohelpyougetintocollege.C．Highschoolmayseemdiscouragingatfirst.D．Theyaretheretohelpyougetintothisgreatnewtimeinyourlife.E．Besides，thepressurecouldalsocomefromgrades，lonelinessandsoon.解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)上文第二句“無論你是從中學(xué)(六年級到八年級)還是初中(七年級到九年級)，有很多關(guān)于高中的東西和你以前的學(xué)校環(huán)境不同。”可知說的是有很多的變化，結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說你會經(jīng)歷許多變化。2．細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)下文Inreturn...“作為回報，他們希望你努力學(xué)習(xí)，發(fā)展你的技能?！笨芍菐椭麄儗W(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說他們想幫助你進入大學(xué)。3．細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)上文peerpressure(同伴壓力)todrinkandsmokeoftenincreasesinhighschool.“同伴壓力導(dǎo)致在高中喝酒和抽煙經(jīng)常會增加。”和下文Althoughthereisalotofpressure...“雖然有很多的壓力……”，可知說的是壓力，結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說此外，也可能來自成績的壓力，孤獨等等。4．細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)下文Ifyou...“如果你沒有成功的學(xué)業(yè)，找人幫你。如果你感到孤獨，試著加入學(xué)校俱樂部或團體，結(jié)交新的朋友?！笨芍玫綆椭?，結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說他們在那里幫助你進入你生命中這個偉大的新時代。5．細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)下文Withtime...“隨著時間的推移，你會對你所經(jīng)歷的一切心存感激。就在你高中畢業(yè)的時候，你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？”可知說的是高中，結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說高中似乎一開始令人沮喪。根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。IntheearlydaysoftheAmericanWest,lifewasdifficult.Peoplelivedonfarmsawayfromotherfamilies.

6.__B__Thentheysawtheirfriendsandneighborsthere.Ontheirfarmseveryonehadlotsofworktodo.Thereweresomebigjobs,andoneofthemwastobuildahouse.Whatdidfamiliesdotobuildhouse?Theyaskedforhelp.7.__D__Womencookedtogetherwhenmenworkedonthebuilding.Forchildren,itwaslikeaholiday.Thereweremanychildrenwhomtheycouldplaywith.Theyenjoyedthisformverymuch.Togetherthesepeoplebuiltahouse.Atsomeothertimethefamilywiththenewhousewouldhelptheirneighbors,too.Theyhelpedeachotherforthegoodofeveryone.Aworkgroupisreallycooperative.Tocooperatemeans“toworktogether”.Abigjobcanbeeasybecauseofcooperation.Manypeoplecanworktogether.8.__E__Itwillbecomeasmalljobformanyworkers.Today,thereisn'tmuchcooperation.Peopledon'tworktogetherveryoften.9.__A__Howcantheyaskthemforhelp?Now,wehelpothersonlywhentheyhaveemergencies(緊急情況)oraccidents.Wecallthepoliceforhelp,wetalktoourneighbors,andthenwebecometrueneighborsandfriends.Whynotalwayscooperate?Whynotworkwithotherpeople?You'dbetternotwaitforemergenciesoraccidents.10.__C__A．So

some

people

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into

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once

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once

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you

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work

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others,it

can

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fun,and

life

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difficult.?填表型：1．通讀全文，了解短文大意；2．閱讀語篇后所給的句子，從文中找出與之相同或相近的句子；3．分析句子的含義，兼顧上下文之間的聯(lián)系，確定所要填的詞或短語。注意：如果文章中出現(xiàn)了not，never等否定詞，則補全句子時很有可能要填語篇中對應(yīng)詞的反義詞?！纠?】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下列表格(詞數(shù)不限)。(2017，貴陽)TheSilkRoadisthenameofdifferentroadsthatlongagolinkedEurope,AfricaandAsia.Peoplereachedthesedifferentplacesalongtheseroads.ScientistsandarchaeologistsbelievepeoplebegantotraveltheSilkRoadabout3，000yearsago.BythetimetheChinesesilktradebecameimportantintheworld,theSilkRoadhadcoveredalmost6，500kilometers.ItstretchedfromRometoChina,whichisfromtheWesttotheFarEast.Merchants(商人)travellingalongtheSilkRoadcarriedsilk,ofcourse.Theyalsocarriedandtradedspices,cloth,rarejewels,slavesandgold.Duringitsbusiestperiod,theSilkRoadallowedpeoplefrommanydifferentculturesandcountriestomeeteachotherandmix.TheSilkRoadallowedthesharingofpreciousgoodsandnewideas.TheseincludedpeopleandtradinggoodsfromtheMediterranean,Persian,Magyar,Armenian,Bactrian,IndianandChineseareas.AllthesepeopletravelledtheSilkRoad,andtheysharedgoods,stories,languagesandcultures.Inmoderntimes,theoldSilkRoadroutesarestillused,butnowtheyarecrossedbytrainsinsteadofcamelsandhorses.ThereisevenaSilkRouteMuseuminJiuquaninChina.Ithasover35，000objectsfromallalongtheSilkRoad.Inthisway,Chinaprotectsthehistoryofmanycountriesandpeoples.TheSilkRoadInthepastWhenPeoplebegantotraveltheSilkRoadabout1.________ago.What▲AlongtheSilkRoad,merchants2.________silk,spices,clothandsoon.▲Peoplefrom3.________meteachotherandmixed.▲Peoplessharedpreciousgoods,newideas,stories,languagesandcultures.HowPeopleusedto4.________tocrosstheSilkRoadroutes.AtpresentChinaprotectsthehistoryofmanycountriesandpeoplesby5.________inJiuquan.解析：1.根據(jù)第二段第三句ScientistsandarchaeologistsbelievepeoplebegantotraveltheSilkRoadabout3，000yearsago.2．根據(jù)第二段第二句Theyalsocarriedandtradedspices,cloth,rarejewels,slavesandgold.由此可知此處是動詞“攜帶和交易”，且時態(tài)為一般過去時。3．根據(jù)第三段第一句Duringitsbusiestperiod,thesilkRoadallowedpeoplefrommanydifferentculturesandcountriestomeet.可知是“來自不同國家有不同文化背景的人”。4．根據(jù)最后一段中句子．..butnowtheyarecrossedbytrainsinsteadofcamelsandhorses。可知，在過去是騎駱駝和馬穿過的，且題干中用了usedto，后應(yīng)加動詞原形。5．根據(jù)最后一段ThereisevenaSilkRouteMuseuminJiuquaninChina.Inthisway,Chinaprotectsthehistoryofmanycountriesandpeoples.可知國家的保護方式是“建立一個絲綢之路博物館”，題干中用了介詞by，后應(yīng)加動詞-ing形式。1．____________

2._____________________3．_____________________________________4．__________________________5．____________________________________________________3000yearscarriedandtradedmanydifferentculturesandcountriesridecamelsandhorsessettingup/building/establishingaSilkRouteMuseum根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，每空詞數(shù)不限。Whenyousitdownwithyourfamilytoeatameal,haveyoueverwonderedwhenandwherepeopleusedchopsticksforthefirsttime?It'ssaidthatthefirstchopstickswereusedinChina5000yearsago.Sincethen,chopstickshavebeenwidelyusedinmanycountriesinAsia,suchasChina,JapanandKorea.Chopsticksaremadeofdifferentkindsofmaterials.Thematerialslikebambooandwoodarecommonbecausetheyareeasytofind.Peoplealsouseboneforchopsticks.Evenmanyvaluablematerialslikesilvercanbeusedtomakechopsticks.Therearealsomanytablemanners(禮儀)connectedwithchopsticks.Forinstance,neverstick(插入)yourchopsticksstraightinyourricebowl.Peoplebelievethisisimpolitetothehost.TheIntroductionofChopsticksWhenthefirstchopstickswereusedinChinaFifty11.________________agoWherechopstickshavebeenwidelyusedInmany12.______countries,suchasChina,JapanandKoreaWhatmaterialschopsticksaremadeof13._________,_wood,boneorsilverWhybambooandwoodchopsticksarecommonBecausethematerialscanbefound14._________OneofthetablemannersconnectedwithchopsticksNeverstickyourchopsticksstraightinyourrice15._______hundredyearsAsianBambooeasilybowl?問答型：1．如果問題是考查對短文細(xì)節(jié)的理解，就需要抓住關(guān)鍵詞來回答問題。如果考查對短文實質(zhì)性的理解，則需要以原文為基礎(chǔ)，利用其提供的信息，運用多種方法進行分析、歸納，從而得出結(jié)論。2．寫出能回答所提問題的關(guān)鍵詞或詞組。回答時，可以用完整的句子，也可以用省略句，如果用省略句回答，務(wù)必要寫出能回答問題的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。3．要確保寫出的句子正確，要注意人稱、時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化?！纠?】閱讀短文，回答問題。(2017，沈陽)Doyoualwaysfinditisrainingwhenyouwalkout?Orareyoualwaysbuyingumbrellasandleavingthemhomewhenitrains?There'sanewumbrellathatcouldsolvebothproblems.Theumbrellawillnotonlytellyouweather,butalsoletyouknowifyou'veleftitbehind.Howdoesitwork?Theumbrellawillsendamessagetoyoursmartphone.Anditsays，“Hey,it'sgoingtorainin15minuteswhereyouare,soyou'dbettertakeyourumbrella.”Besides,ifyouareforgetful,youmayneverleaveanumbrellaonabusorsomewhereelseagain.Theumbrellawillsendawarningtoyoursmartphoneifyouleaveitbehind.Thenewumbrellaisexpectedtogoonsalesoon.Thoughitisagoodideaanditlooksprettycool,theumbrellawillcostyou$85.Maybeyouwilljustcheckthefreeweatherapps(應(yīng)用程序)onyoursmartphoneandtakeanumbrellawithyouwhenitisgoingtorain.1．Howmanyproblemscanthenewumbrellasolve?___________________________________________________________2．Whatelsecanthenewumbrellatellyoubesidestheweather?___________________________________________________________3．Wherewillthenewumbrellasendawarning?___________________________________________________________4．Whenwillthenewumbrellabesold?___________________________________________________________5．Doesthewriterthinkthenewumbrellalookscool?___________________________________________________________解析：1.根據(jù)文章第二段“Theumbrellawillnotonlytellyoutheweather,butalsoletyouknowyou'veleftitbehind.”可知這把雨傘可解決兩個問題。2．根據(jù)文章第二段“Theumbrellawillnotonlytellyoutheweather,butalsoletyouknowyou'veleftitbehind.”可得知答案。3．根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句“Theumbrellawillsendawarningtoyoursmartphoneifyouleaveitbehind.”可得知答案。4．根據(jù)文章第四段“Thenewumbrellaisexpectedtogoonsalesoon.”可得知答案。5．根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句“Thoughitisagoodideaanditlooksprettycool...”可得知答案1．________

2.____________________________3．________________________

4.__________5．_________Two.Ifyou'veleftitbehind.Toyoursmartphone.Soon.Yes.閱讀短文，回答問題。What'sinaName?ManyAmericannamescomefromEngland.ButwheredidmostEnglishnamescomefrom?Centuriesago,mostpeopleinEnglandhadonlyname—theirfirstname.Inthe11thcentury,fiveorsixofthe50peopleinavillagemightbenamedWilliam,anditwaseasytogetconfused.ButintheMiddelAges,peoplefoundawaytodescribeeachpersonexactly.IftherewerefourWilliamsinonevillage,onemightbereferredtoasWilliamthesonofJohn.AsecondmightbecalledWilliamfromthehill.Athird,Williamtheblacksmith(鐵匠).Andafourth,Williamthebrownhaired.Inconversation,peoplemightrefertothefourWilliamsasWilliamJohn'sson,Williamhill,Williamsmith,andWilliambrown.Itwas300or400yearsbeforetheseextra(附加的)namesgraduallydevelopedintolastnames,orsurnames.Theywerepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Bythe1300s,Robert,thesonofWilliamSmith,hadthenameRobertSmith,evenifhewasnotablacksmithlikehisfather.Asthelastnamebecamewidelyaccepted,thefirstletterwascapitalized,asinRobertSmith.Bythe15thcentury,mostpeopleoftheupperandmiddleclasseshadsurnames.Manysurnameswerebasedonfather-sonrelations.The“sonof”partwasaddedtothefather'sfirstname,likeJohnson,meaningJohn'sson.Sometimesitwasshortenedtojust“s”，

asinJonesorEvans.SurnameslikeHilldescribedtheplacewhereapersonlived.Theyarethemostcommontypeofsurname.Athirdkindofsurnamewasbasedonperson'sjob.Foresterwassomeonewholookedaftertheforest.IntheMiddleAges,occupationnamessuchasBaker,Carpenter,andMillerbecamecommon.Thefourthkindofsurnamewasanickname(綽號).AmanwhosesurnamewasBearmightbeasfierceasabear.Haveyoueverwonderedwhysomesurnamesaresocommon?ThemostcommonsurnameintheEnglishlanguageisSmith.Beingabletomakemetals(金屬)intotoolswasanimportantskillintheMiddleAges,andmanypeopleweretrainedblacksmiths.ThemostcommonAmericansurnamesareSmith,Johnson,Williams,andBrown.16．WheredomanyAmericannamescomefrom?TheycomefromEngland.17．Whendidpeoplefindawaytodescribeeachpersonexactly?IntheMiddleAges.18．Howlongdidittakeforextranamestodevelopintolastnames?Ittook300or400years.19．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?Itismainlyaboutdifferentkindsofsurnames.20．WhyweremanypeopletrainedblacksmithsintheMiddleAges?Becauseitwasanimportantskilltomakemetalsintotools.?綜合型：1．對于主旨概括題，要通讀全文，分清主旨細(xì)節(jié)，防止以偏概全。這類題目大多是要求給出文章的標(biāo)題。文章的標(biāo)題可以是一個完整的句子、簡潔的短語或者是一個問題。書寫標(biāo)題時要特別注意字母的大小寫和詞數(shù)問題。如果標(biāo)題是一個疑問句，可以在標(biāo)題后加問號；如果是陳述句，則不必加句點。2．英文釋義題，也可稱為句子替代或者詞匯替代題，要求從文章中找出與所給的句子或詞匯含義相同的句子或詞匯，一般讀懂了文章，弄清了所給句子和文中相應(yīng)句子的意思即可答出，該題型在任務(wù)型閱讀中相對簡單。3．對于句子填空題，要充分利用文章中表示對比、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、遞進、條件等關(guān)系的連接詞，結(jié)合上下文語境，來弄清楚需要填的究竟是什么含義的句子。4．做翻譯句子題時，一定要使句子意思符合語境，表達簡潔、準(zhǔn)確、到位，符合語言習(xí)慣，不可啰嗦、顛三倒四、詞不達意。5．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題時，無論是封閉式的問題還是開放性的問題都要力求表達準(zhǔn)確，尤其是句子結(jié)構(gòu)要準(zhǔn)確無誤。所寫答語可以是完整的句子，也可以簡略回答。要注意書寫認(rèn)真、卷面整潔。【例5】

閱讀短文，按要求完成下列各題。(2017，沈陽)CaliforniaisoneofthericheststatesinAmerica.Ithasalargeamountofland.Anditalsohasmorepeoplethananyotherstate.Ithasplentyofnaturalresources(資源),too.Buteverything(A)________notperfectthere.Californiahastwomajorproblems:earthquakesandforestfires.TheSanAndreasFaultrunsthroughCalifornia.(B)As_a_result_ofit,thestategetsmanyearthquakes.(C)其中一些地震非常強烈.Forexample,therewasastrongearthquakeinSanFranciscoin1906.Itdestroyedmanybuildings.Anditstartedalargenumberoffires.(D)More_than_3_000_people_died_after_it.Therehavealsobeenmanyotherstrongearthquakes.Somepeoplefearthatthe“big(E)one”willhitsomeday.Theythinkanearthquakewillcauseahugeamountofdamage(破壞)．Duringsummerandautumn,muchofCaliforniaisdry.Soforestfires,orwildfires,oftenstart.Thesefirescanspread(F)rapidly.Theyburnmanyforests.Buttheycanalsoburnpeople'shomesandbuildings.Theyoftenkillpeople(G)________firefighterscanputthemout.1．在文中(A)和(G)的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~：________；________2．寫出文中畫線部分(B)和(F)的同義詞語或近義詞語：________；________3．將文中畫線部分(C)譯成英語：_______________________________________________________________4．將文中畫線部分(D)改寫為：________3000people________theirlivesafterit.5．文中畫線部分(E)指代的是：________解析：1.考察主謂一致，everything做主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；考察連詞，根據(jù)上文語意判斷應(yīng)填before。2．Asaresultof，翻譯為“因此”，所以可以替換成becauseof；rapidly意思是“急促地”，可以替換為quickly.3．該句可譯為Someoftheearthquakesareverypowerful.4．morethan譯為“多于，超出”，可以替換成over;theydied可以替換成losttheirlives.5．該詞指代前文一場大地震。1．_________

2._______________________________3．_____________