2020-2021學(xué)年河北省邢臺(tái)市高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題 解析版

PAGE4試卷第=!異常的公式結(jié)尾頁，總=sectionpages2222頁P(yáng)AGE1河北省邢臺(tái)市2020-2021學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題一、閱讀選擇Ifyouwanttofindabookforyourchildren,herearesomebooksthatyoucanchoosefrom.CharlieThorneandtheLastEquationbyStuartGibbsTheCIAisonatasktofindanequation（方程式），whichcoulddestroytheworldifthebadpeoplegetit.Forhelp，theyturntoCharlie,a12-year-oldgirlwhoisassmartasAlbertEinstein.Childrenwholikeexcitingmysterieswillenjoyreadingthisbook.AstroNutsbyJonScieszkaandStevenWeinbergInAstroNuts,theEarthhasbeendestroyedbyhumansforthousandsofyears.FouranimalssetoutfromMountRushmore，themainofficeofNASA．Theirtaskistofindanewplanetfitforhumanlife.Finally,theydiscoverone：PlantPlanet.Thestory'stopicissimple：Don'tharmtheplanet.Readerswholovesciencefiction（科幻小說）willenjoyAstroNuts.StargazingbyJenWangChristinehearsthatMoon,whoisnewintown,isthekindofkidwhobeatspeopleupforfun.ButMoonandhermumcometolivewithChristine'sfamily,andthetwokidsbecomebestfriends.MoonevensharesabigsecretwithChristine.StargazingisbasedonJenWang'sexperiencesasachild.Thestoryisaboutthepoweroffriendship.RollwithItbyJamieSumnerRollwithItisastoryabouta12-year-oldgirlnamedEllie.Shehasdifficultywalkingonherownandusesawheelchair.WhenEllieandhermummovetoanotherstatetotakecareofEllie'sgrandpa,shemustlearntodealwithanewschoolandnewfriendships.Thisbookisamust-readforeveryone.It'saheartwarmingstorythatreallyshowsthevalueoffamily.1．WhichofthefollowingencouragesreaderstoprotecttheEarth?A．Stargazing.B．AstroNuts.C．RollwithIt.D．CharlieThorneandtheLastEquation.2．What'sspecialaboutStargazing?A．Itmainlydiscussesanimals'stories.B．Itincludesmuchscientificknowledge.C．Itismainlyabouthowtomakefriends.D．Itisconnectedwiththeauthor'sownexperiences.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutEllie?A．Shedoesn'twanttogotoanotherstate.B．Shehastroublecommunicatingwithothers.C．Sheiscarefullylookedafterbyhergrandpa.D．Shehastosolveproblemsfacedinanewplace.【答案】1．B2．D3．D【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本適合孩子閱讀的書。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AstroNuts部分中的第五句“Thestory'stopicissimple:Don'tharmtheplanet.(這個(gè)故事的主題很簡(jiǎn)單:不要傷害地球。)”可知，AstroNuts這本書的主題是不要破壞地球，即保護(hù)地球。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stargazing部分中的第四句“StargazingisbasedonJenWang'sexperiencesasachild.(《觀星》是基于JenWang小時(shí)候的經(jīng)歷。)”可知，Stargazing這本書的特別之處在于與作者自己的經(jīng)歷有關(guān)。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)RollwithIt部分中的第三句“WhenEllieandhermummovetoanotherstatetotakecareofEllie'sgrandpa,shemustlearntodealwithanewschoolandnewfriendships.(當(dāng)Ellie和她的媽媽搬到另一個(gè)州照顧Ellie的爺爺時(shí)，她必須學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)付新的學(xué)校和新的友誼。)”可知，Ellie因?yàn)榘岬叫碌闹荩运仨氝m應(yīng)新的學(xué)校，建立新的友誼，即她不得不處理在新的地方遇到的問題。故選D。Avaluablemusicalinstrumentwasplayedrecentlyinitsfirstpublicperformance(表演)sincebeingrediscoveredin2015.Theinstrument,aStradivariusviolin,hadbeenstolenandwasmissingfor35years.Theviolinhasalonghistory.Itwasmadeinthe18thCentury.Later,theinstrumentbelongedtoRomanTotenberg,aPolish-bornviolinist.Hediedbeforetheviolinwasrediscovered.Now,theviolinbelongstooneofhisdaughtersanditssoundisagainbeingheard.Thisweek,oneofTotenberg'sformerstudents,MiraWang,playedtheinstrumentforthefirsttimesinceitsrediscovery.Totenberg'sthreedaughtersallagreedthatMiraWangshouldperformwiththeStradivarius.AmyTotenbergsaystheformerstudentwasclosetoherfather.AntonioStradivarimadetheinstrumentin1734.RomanTotenbergplayedtheviolinforalmost40years.Heperformedonmanyfamousconcertstagesaroundtheworld.Totenbergdiedin2012attheageof101.TheStradivariuswastakenfromhisdressingroomafterashow.DaughterNinaTotenbergrememberswhathappened."Hewasgreetingwell-wishersafterwardsandwhenheturnedaroundtogobackandgettheviolin,itwasgone.AndtheyfoundthecasethrowndownthestairsintheplacewheretheconcerthadbeenandtheycalledthepoliceandtheFBIcame.”Thedisappearanceoftheviolinremainedamystery(謎)for35years.Then,theformerwifeofthemanwhostoletheinstrumenttriedtosellittoaviolinspecialistwhoidentifiedit.TheformerhusbandhadoncebeenastudentofTotenberg.In2015,theStradivariusviolinwasreturnedtoTotenberg'sthreedaughters.Theyhaditrepairedtoplayingcondition.TheTotenbergsisterssaytheywillselltheviolintoaperformeroragroup.Theywanttheinstrumenttobeheardagainbylistenersaroundtheworld.Rareinstrumentsalsoaremusicaltreasures.In2011,aStradivariusviolinwassoldformorethan$15million.4．Whywastheperformanceunique?A．ItwasplayedbyaChinesemusician.B．Itwasplayedtohonouraformerviolinist.C．Itwasplayedwithalost-and-foundvaluableviolin.D．Itwasorganizedbyafamousmusician'sdaughters.5．WhydidMiraWanghavethehonourtoplaytheviolin?A．Shehasthebestskilltoplaytheviolin.B．Shewillshowtheviolintotheworld.C．Sheisfamiliarwiththedaughters.D．Shewasrelatedcloselytoitsformerowner,herteacher.6．Whostoletheviolin?A．Aviolinspecialist. B．AstudentofTotenberg's.C．Theformerwifeofathief. D．Oneofthewell-wishersataconcert.7．Whatdoyouknowabouttherediscoveredviolin?A．Itwillchangehands. B．Itwillbedonatedtoagroup.C．Itwillbeplayedonlyonce. D．Itwillbekeptinamuseum.【答案】4．C5．D6．B7．A【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一把樂器——斯特拉迪瓦里小提琴，它曾經(jīng)被盜，失蹤了35年。描寫了它從誕生，被盜，重現(xiàn)以及被出售的經(jīng)歷。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Avaluablemusicalinstrumentwasplayedrecentlyinitsfirstpublicperformance(表演)sincebeingrediscoveredin2015.Theinstrument,aStradivariusviolin,hadbeenstolenandwasmissingfor35years.”（近日，一件珍貴的樂器在2015年被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)后首次公開演出。這把樂器是一把斯特拉迪瓦里小提琴，曾經(jīng)被盜，失蹤了35年。）可知，這場(chǎng)表演的特別之處在于演奏這首曲子的是一把失而復(fù)得的珍貴小提琴。故選C項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Totenberg'sthreedaughtersallagreedthatMiraWangshouldperformwiththeStradivarius.AmyTotenbergsaystheformerstudentwasclosetoherfather.”（托滕伯格的三個(gè)女兒都同意MiraWang應(yīng)該和斯特拉迪瓦里一起表演。艾米·托滕伯格表示，這名前學(xué)生與她父親關(guān)系密切。）可知，MiraWang能有幸演奏小提琴是因?yàn)樗退那爸魅?，她的老師有密切的關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Then,theformerwifeofthemanwhostoletheinstrumenttriedtosellittoaviolinspecialistwhoidentifiedit.TheformerhusbandhadoncebeenastudentofTotenberg.”（然后，偷琴人的前妻試圖把它賣給一位鑒定出它的小提琴專家。她的前夫曾是托滕貝格的學(xué)生。）可知，偷琴人是托滕伯格的一個(gè)學(xué)生。故選B項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheTotenbergsisterssaytheywillselltheviolintoaperformeroragroup.Theywanttheinstrumenttobeheardagainbylistenersaroundtheworld.Rareinstrumentsalsoaremusicaltreasures.In2011,aStradivariusviolinwassoldformorethan$15million.”（托滕伯格姐妹表示，她們將把小提琴賣給一個(gè)表演者或團(tuán)體。他們希望世界各地的聽眾能再次聽到這一樂器。稀有的樂器也是音樂的瑰寶。2011年，一把斯特拉迪瓦里小提琴以超過1500萬美元的價(jià)格售出。）可猜測(cè)，這把琴它將易手。故選A項(xiàng)。TheEarthislosingsomeofitsmajorfreshwatersupplies.Butthewaterisnotinlakesorrivers.Theyarecalled“aquifers”(含水層).TheyformeddeepundergroundastheEarthdeveloped.Someaquifersaresodeepthatwaterfromveryheavyrainscannotreachthemthroughalltherockanddirt.Manyaquifersprovideirrigation(灌溉)waterforcrops.Thesefreshwaterarehelpingfarmersinmanycountries.Anewreportsayssomeaquifersarebeingemptied.Irrigatedagricultureisresponsibleforabout80percentormoreoffreshwateruseworldwide.Agrowingpartofthatcomesfromundergroundaquifersbecauseofdryweatherorfarmersgrowingcropsinareaswithlittlerainfall.Butresearcherssaytakingwaterfromaquifersiscreatingalargeproblem.Scientistswarnthatthereisnotmuchthatcanbedonetorepairthem.Itisdifficulttomeasuregroundwaterbecauseitissodeepunderground.Itisalsodifficulttoknowhowmuchwateristhereandwhereitis.Thewaterfromtheseaquifersmaynotbereplacedforhundredsofyears.Thereportsayssevencountriesusethemostnon-renewablegroundwaterforagriculturalproduction.ThesevenaretheUnitedStates.India,Pakistan,China,MexicoandSaudiArabia.TheUnitedStatesisoneoftheworld'smajorexportersoffood.IfChinaandIndiauseupthegroundwatertheyneedtofeedtheirpopulations,theywouldbeforcedtobuymorefood.Thisincreaseddemandcouldcausefoodpricestorise.Thestudyshowsthat,whilecountrieslikeSomaliaaredealingwithlittlerainfall,theworldmaysomedayfaceanundergrounddrought.It'sareallyglobalissue.Allcountriesaroundtheworldarefacingthischallenge.Wedon'thaveanygreatsolutionsorstrategiestodealwiththis.So,attheveryleast,weneedtohavediscussionstocomeupwithnewways,newstrategiesthatrecognizethisproblemandmanagehowwemightadjustourpolicies(調(diào)整政策).Anystrategymustbalancetheshort-termneedforfoodfortheworldwiththelong-termsurvivaloftheEarth'saquifers.8．Whyisitdifficulttorecoverundergroundwater?A．Morewaterisdrawnthanitisadded.B．TheEarthstilllacksrainwater.C．Itistoodeepforrainwatertoreach.D．Researchersknownothingaboutit.9．What'stheresultofthedisappearanceofundergroundwater?A．TheUSwillbenefitfromit.B．Morerainswillreachaquifers.C．Freshwaterinlakesorriverswillalsodisappear.D．Foodwillbecomemoreexpensive.10．Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenstatingthefactinthetext?A．Worried. B．Relaxed. C．Encouraged. D．Optimistic.11．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．NoWaysCanSaveUndergroundWaterB．TheEarth’sUndergroundWaterIsBeingEmptiedC．AgricultureIsDestroyingUndergroundWaterD．Everyone'sDutyIstoProtectUndergroundWater【答案】8．C9．D10．A11．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了目前全球存在從地下蓄水層取水的問題，我們需要討論想出新方法、新策略。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Someaquifersaresodeepthatwaterfromveryheavyrainscannotreachthemthroughalltherockanddirt.”（有些蓄水層非常深，以至于大雨的水無法穿過所有的巖石和泥土到達(dá)它們。）可知，是因?yàn)榈叵滤盍?，雨水夠不到?dǎo)致它回收困難。故選C項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“IfChinaandIndiauseupthegroundwatertheyneedtofeedtheirpopulations,theywouldbeforcedtobuymorefood.Thisincreaseddemandcouldcausefoodpricestorise.”（如果中國(guó)和印度耗盡了他們養(yǎng)活人口所需的地下水，他們將被迫購(gòu)買更多的食物。這種需求的增加可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致食品價(jià)格上漲。）可知，地下水消失的后果是食物會(huì)變得很貴。故選D項(xiàng)。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“theworldmaysomedayfaceanundergrounddrought.It'sareallyglobalissue.Allcountriesaroundtheworldarefacingthischallenge.Wedon'thaveanygreatsolutionsorstrategiestodealwiththis.”（但世界可能有一天會(huì)面臨地下干旱。這是一個(gè)全球性的問題。世界各國(guó)都面臨著這一挑戰(zhàn)。我們沒有任何好的解決方案或策略來處理這個(gè)問題。）可推測(cè)，作者在文章中陳述現(xiàn)狀時(shí)是擔(dān)憂的。故選A項(xiàng)。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Anewreportsayssomeaquifersarebeingemptied.”（一份新的報(bào)告稱，一些含水層正在被清空。）以及最后一段“Anystrategymustbalancetheshort-termneedforfoodfortheworldwiththelong-termsurvivaloftheEarth'saquifers.”（任何戰(zhàn)略都必須在世界對(duì)糧食的短期需求與地球含水層的長(zhǎng)期生存之間取得平衡。）及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了地球的地下水正在被排空的問題，“地球的地下水正在被排空”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。Membersofanativecommunityinthearctic(北極的)areasofSwedensaytheirreindeer(馴鹿)arefacingpossiblehungerfromunusualweatherrelatedtoclimatechange.ThelocalSamicommunitytakescareofabout8,000reindeerthroughouttheyear.TheanimalsaremovedbetweentraditionalfeedingareasinhighmountainsclosetoNorwayinthesummerandforestsfarthereastinthewinter.Acommunitymember,Inga,isworriedabouthisreindeer.Hesaidclimatechangehasaffectedthearea'sweatheractivityandcreatedfoodshortages."Ifwedon'tfindbetterareasforthemwheretheycanfeedthemselvesandfindfood,thereindeerwilldiefromhunger,”Ingasaid.Heverifiedtheproblembyreachingdownintothesnowandpullingupahardpieceoficeclosetothesoil.Theareareceivedunusualsnowfallearlyinthefall,followedbyrainthatfroze.Ingasaidthistrapstheplantsthatreindeereatunderathickcoverofice.Someofthehungryreindeerhavenowmovedawayfromtheirtraditionalfeedingareasinsearchoffood.Communitymemberssayhalfthereindeermovedtowardstheeastasplanned.Buttherestheadedbacktothemountains,wheretheyfacetheriskofattacksbyotheranimalsorbeingcaughtinanavalanche(雪崩).OldermembersoftheSamicommunitysaythatinthepast,theyonlyrememberbadwintersaboutonceeverytenyears.Butnow,Ingasays“extremeandstrangeweatherareappearingmoreandmoreoften,“happeningseveraltimesayear.Snowfalliscommonforthearea.Butastemperaturesincrease,raincanalsofall,creatinga“rain-on-snow”effect.Whenthishappens,foodremainstrappedundertheicewherethereindeercannotreachit.Thiscausestheanimalstogrowweakerandstruggletomakeitthroughthewinter.WeatherchangeshavehittheSamicommunityhard.“Wedon'twantmoneybecausewecan’tbuybetterweatherwithmoney.WeneedtheEUtotakeactionandtheyneedtodoitnow,“saidInga.12．Whatproblemdoreindeermeetwithatpresent?A．Coldweather. B．Riskofhunger.C．Longmarchforfood. D．Pollutedenvironment.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verified"inParagraph2mean?A．Proved. B．Solved. C．Ignored. D．Answered.14．Whatproblemwouldthereindeerbackinthemountainsface?A．Trapsunderthesnow. B．Huntfromhumanbeings.C．Rocksfallingdownthemountain. D．Threatfromotheranimals.15．Whatiscausingthereindeerspresentdifficultsituation?A．Flood. B．Drought.C．Rain-on-snoweffect. D．Snowfall.【答案】12．B13．A14．D15．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了氣候變化影響了瑞典北極地區(qū)的天氣活動(dòng)，造成了糧食短缺，因此馴鹿正面臨饑餓。作者呼吁歐盟采取行動(dòng)。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Membersofanativecommunityinthearctic(北極的)areasofSwedensaytheirreindeer(馴鹿)arefacingpossiblehungerfromunusualweatherrelatedtoclimatechange.”（瑞典北極地區(qū)一個(gè)土著社區(qū)的成員表示，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的異常天氣，他們的馴鹿可能面臨饑餓。）可知，馴鹿現(xiàn)在正面臨饑餓的危險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。13．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifwedon'tfindbetterareasforthemwheretheycanfeedthemselvesandfindfood,thereindeerwilldiefromhunger”（如果我們不能給它們找到更好的地方，讓它們自己覓食，馴鹿就會(huì)餓死。）以及本句“byreachingdownintothesnowandpullingupahardpieceoficeclosetothesoil”（他把手伸到雪地里，把靠近土壤的一塊堅(jiān)硬的冰拉出來）可推測(cè)，他做這樣的舉動(dòng)是為了證明他的猜想。所以verified為“證明”之意。故選A項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Buttherestheadedbacktothemountains,wheretheyfacetheriskofattacksbyotheranimalsorbeingcaughtinanavalanche(雪崩).”（但其余的馴鹿則返回山區(qū)，在那里它們面臨著被其他動(dòng)物襲擊或被雪崩困住的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，回到山里的馴鹿會(huì)面臨來自其他動(dòng)物的威脅的危險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butastemperaturesincrease,raincanalsofall,creatinga“rain-on-snow”effect.Whenthishappens,foodremainstrappedundertheicewherethereindeercannotreachit.Thiscausestheanimalstogrowweakerandstruggletomakeitthroughthewinter.”（但是隨著溫度的升高，雨水也會(huì)下降，形成一種“雨雪交加”的效應(yīng)。當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)，食物就會(huì)被困在冰下，馴鹿拿不到食物。這使得動(dòng)物們變得越來越虛弱，掙扎著度過冬天。）可知，是因?yàn)橛暄┙患有?yīng)導(dǎo)致馴鹿面臨如今的困境。故選C項(xiàng)。二、七選五Weexpectthetechnologyinourlifetoworkeverytimeweturnamachineon.It'sterriblewhentheydon'twork,especiallywhenwedon'tknowhowtosolvetheproblem.Youturnthemachineon,butseetheblackscreen.16．Acomputerscreenthatdoesn'tturnonmaybeasignofabrokenscreenorabadconnectionbetweenthecomputerandthemonitor（顯示器）.Tryinganothermonitororconnectinglineisasimplewaytoseeifoneortheotherisbroken-down.17．Forwindowsusers，theycouldfaceasystemfilescorruption（損壞）.Turningonyourcomputer，youmightseetheblackscreenandwordsonthescreenremindyouthecorruption.Inthatcase，youmayneedtorestartyourcomputerandentertherecoverymode（恢復(fù)模式）。18．Inthatcase?youneedtoopenthecomputercaseandcleanthefan.19．Apple'siOSusersmightneedtorestarttheirphones,thoughthemethoddiffersdependingonthemodel.IfyouareaowneroftheiPhone11oranewermodel，youcanpressandletgoofthevolume-upanddothesametothevolume-downbutton,thenpressandholdthesidebuttonuntilyouseetheApplelogo.Iftheproblemkeepsoccurring,you'dbetterhaveaprofessional（專業(yè)人員）takealookatit.20．A．AchoiceistouseaDVD．B．Phoneusersalsofacetheblackscreen.C．Whatshouldyoudowhenithappens?D．Ifitisuseless?youneedtodoafurthercheck.E.Anothercausemightbeaproblemwiththecoolingfan.F.You'dbetternotdealwithityourselfincaseyourmachineisbroken.G.Androidusersshouldholddownthepowerbuttonforaboutfiveseconds.【答案】16．C17．D18．E19．B20．F【分析】本文是說明文。文章就如何解決電腦和手機(jī)黑屏的問題提出了一些建議。16．根據(jù)上文“Youturnthemachineon,butseetheblackscreen.”（你打開機(jī)器，但卻看見了黑屏）可知，C項(xiàng)Whatshouldyoudowhenithappens?（當(dāng)你遇到這種情況時(shí)，你該怎么做？）承接上文，該項(xiàng)中的it指代的就是上文的內(nèi)容。故選C。17．根據(jù)上文“Tryinganothermonitororconnectinglineisasimplewaytoseeifoneortheotherisbroken-down.”（嘗試換另一個(gè)顯示器或連接線是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的方法，看看是否其中一個(gè)有問題）可知，D項(xiàng)Ifitisuseless?youneedtodoafurthercheck.（如果這個(gè)方法沒有用，你需要做進(jìn)一步的檢查）承接上文，該項(xiàng)中的it指代的就是上文中提到的方法。故選D。18．下文“youneedtoopenthecomputercaseandcleanthefan.”提到打開機(jī)箱并清理風(fēng)扇的方法，E項(xiàng)中的“thecoolingfan”與此處的“thefan”一致，E項(xiàng)Anothercausemightbeaproblemwiththecoolingfan.（另一個(gè)原因可能是散熱風(fēng)扇的問題）是黑屏出現(xiàn)的原因，下文是解決辦法。故選E。19．下文“Apple'siOSusersmightneedtorestarttheirphones,thoughthemethoddiffersdependingonthemodel.IfyouareaowneroftheiPhone11oranewermodel，youcanpressandletgoofthevolume-upanddothesametothevolume-downbutton,thenpressandholdthesidebuttonuntilyouseetheApplelogo.”介紹了蘋果手機(jī)iOS操作系統(tǒng)用戶在遇到手機(jī)黑屏死機(jī)現(xiàn)象后該如何操作，B中的“Phoneusers”與下文的“Apple'siOSusers”相符，所以B項(xiàng)Phoneusersalsofacetheblackscreen.（手機(jī)用戶也會(huì)遇到黑屏）引領(lǐng)下文，介紹手機(jī)黑屏如何操作。故選B。20．根據(jù)上文“Iftheproblemkeepsoccurring,you'dbetterhaveaprofessional（專業(yè)人員）takealookatit.”（如果黑屏死機(jī)問題繼續(xù)發(fā)生，你最好找專業(yè)人員看看）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“You'dbetternotdealwithityourself”與上文的“you'dbetterhaveaprofessional（專業(yè)人員）takealookatit.”相符，因此推斷F項(xiàng)You'dbetternotdealwithityourselfincaseyourmachineisbroken.（以防你的機(jī)器損壞，你最好不要自己處理）符合語境，如果自己不能處理黑屏，就要找專業(yè)人員處理。故選F。三、完形填空Whenwespeakofwomenofinfluence,whatcomestoourmind?Istheirinfluencegreat?Infact,womenhavesocialstatusandpower,andtheirwork21greatchangestotheircommunities,countriesandeventheworld.Aswomenofinfluence,theirworkisimportant.Therearemanywomenofinfluencewhose22areveryimportantbutoften23insocialmedia.Therolesgrandmas,moms,aunts,sisters,friendsandteachersplayinour24affectwhowewillgrowtobe.Thesegreatwomenseta(n)25withgreatlove,courage,strengthandgentleness.Theymakeand26tomakemanysacrificessothatwecandevelop27andgofurther.Therearealotofwomeninmylifewhohave28metogrowintothewomanIamtoday.Mymother's29andcouragetaughtmehowtobestrongandbrave.Mygrandmatoldmehowto30gracefullywhiletalkingwithothers.Shealwayskeptgracefulevenwhenshehadtostayathomeforherhealthyproblem.Ihaveplentyofwomen31withdifferentageswithwhomIcansharemyhappinessandsorrow,celebratemysuccessand32myfailure.Withouttheeffectofallthesewomeninmylife,Iwouldn'tbethepersonIamatpresent.I'mreally33fortheirloveandguidanceinmylifejourney.Ireallyhopethatallthewomenoftheworldcanlivehappily,becausetheydeeply34allthepeoplethatcomeintocontactwiththemeveryday.Nomatterwhattheirrolesare,theyare35womenofinfluence.21．A．callsfor B．resultsfrom C．bringsabout D．dealswith22．A．medals B．roles C．packages D．sources23．A．injured B．popular C．different D．unnoticed24．A．life B．empire C．debates D．crashes25．A．date B．a(chǎn)larm C．example D．table26．A．forget B．continue C．pretend D．refuse27．A．confusedly B．officially C．equally D．well28．A．frightened B．helped C．invited D．forced29．A．strength B．curiosity C．campus D．organization30．A．hike B．work C．a(chǎn)ct D．run31．A．friends B．followers C．competitors D．soldiers32．A．trust B．understand C．prove D．increase33．A．hungry B．qualified C．thankful D．ready34．A．fight B．know C．cheat D．influence35．A．great B．national C．extra D．narrow【答案】21．C22．B23．D24．A25．C26．B27．D28．B29．A30．C31．A32．B33．C34．D35．A【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者認(rèn)為擁有社會(huì)地位和權(quán)力的婦女，她們的工作給她們的社區(qū)、國(guó)家甚至世界帶來了巨大的變化。作為有影響力的女性，她們的工作很重要。作者也感激在自己的人生旅途中給予了自己愛和指引的女性，認(rèn)為不管她們的角色是什么，她們都是有影響力的偉大女性。21．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，婦女擁有社會(huì)地位和權(quán)力，她們的工作給她們的社區(qū)、國(guó)家甚至世界帶來了巨大的變化。A.callsfor需要；B.resultsfrom起因于；C.bringsabout引起；D.dealswith處理。根據(jù)后文“greatchangestotheircommunities,countriesandeventheworld”可知，指婦女的工作給她們的社區(qū)、國(guó)家甚至世界帶來了巨大的變化，bringabout符合語境。故選C。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有很多有影響力的女性，她們的角色非常重要，但在社交媒體上往往被忽視。A.medals獎(jiǎng)?wù)拢籅.roles角色；C.packages包裝；D.sources來源。上文提到婦女的工作給她們的社區(qū)、國(guó)家甚至世界帶來了巨大的變化，可見有影響力的女性的角色非常重要。也呼應(yīng)后文中“Therolesgrandmas,moms,aunts,sisters,friendsandteachersplay”。故選B。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有很多有影響力的女性，她們的角色非常重要，但在社交媒體上往往被忽視。A.injured受傷的；B.popular流行的；C.different不同的；D.unnoticed被忽視的。根據(jù)前后文“areveryimportantbutoften…insocialmedia”可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明有影響力的女性角色重要，但卻在社交媒體上被忽視。故選D。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：奶奶、媽媽、姑姑、姐妹、朋友和老師在我們生活中扮演的角色影響著我們將來成為什么樣的人。A.life生活；B.empire帝國(guó)；C.debates辯論；D.crashes墜毀。根據(jù)上文“Therolesgrandmas,moms,aunts,sisters,friendsandteachers”可知奶奶、媽媽、阿姨、姐妹、朋友和老師，這些都是我們生活中女性所扮演的角色。故選A。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些偉大的女性以偉大的愛、勇氣、力量和溫柔為榜樣。A.date日期；B.alarm警告；C.example例子，榜樣；D.table桌子。上文“affectwhowewillgrowtobe”提到女性扮演的額角色將影響我們未來成為什么樣的人，也就是說偉大的女性為我們樹立了榜樣，短語setanexample“樹立榜樣”。故選C。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們已經(jīng)做出并且繼續(xù)做出許多犧牲，這樣我們才能發(fā)展得更好，走得更遠(yuǎn)。A.forget忘記；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.pretend假裝；D.refuse拒絕。結(jié)合后文“tomakemanysacrificessothatwecandevelop….andgofurther.”可知，偉大的女性不僅做出了犧牲，而且為了讓我們走得更遠(yuǎn)，會(huì)繼續(xù)做出犧牲。continuetodo“繼續(xù)……”。故選B。27．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她們做出并且繼續(xù)做出許多犧牲，這樣我們才能發(fā)展得更好，走得更遠(yuǎn)。A.confusedly混亂地；B.officially正式地；C.equally相等地；D.well好地。根據(jù)后文“andgofurther”可知，指發(fā)展得更好，走得更遠(yuǎn)。故選D。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我生命中有很多女性幫助我成長(zhǎng)為今天的女性。A.frightened使害怕；B.helped幫助；C.invited邀請(qǐng)；D.forced迫使。根據(jù)后文“taughtmehowtobestrongandbrave”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己的生命中有很多女性幫助了自己成長(zhǎng)，故選B。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和勇氣教會(huì)了我如何變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和勇敢。A.strength力量，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；B.curiosity好奇心；C.campus校園；D.organization組織。結(jié)合后文“howtobestrongandbrave”可知媽媽的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和勇氣教會(huì)了作者如何變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和勇敢，故選A。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我奶奶告訴我如何在與人交談時(shí)舉止優(yōu)雅。A.hike遠(yuǎn)足；B.work工作；C.act行動(dòng)，舉止；D.run奔跑。結(jié)合后文“gracefullywhiletalkingwithothers”可知，指與人交談時(shí)舉止優(yōu)雅，act符合語境。故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有很多不同年齡的女性朋友，可以分享我的快樂和悲傷，慶祝我的成功，理解我的失敗。A.friends朋友；B.followers跟隨者；C.competitors競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手；D.soldiers士兵。根據(jù)后文“withwhomIcansharemyhappinessandsorrow,celebratemysuccess”可知，作者與女性朋友分享快樂悲傷，慶祝成功。故選A。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我有很多不同年齡的女性朋友，可以分享我的快樂和悲傷，慶祝我的成功，理解我的失敗。A.trust信任；B.understand理解；C.prove證明；D.increase增加。根據(jù)后文“myfailure”以及常識(shí)，朋友可以分享快樂悲傷、慶祝成功，也可以理解彼此的失敗。故選B。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的很感謝她們?cè)谖胰松猛局械膼酆椭敢.hungry饑餓的；B.qualified合格的；C.thankful感謝的；D.ready準(zhǔn)備好的。根據(jù)上文“Withouttheeffectofallthesewomeninmylife,Iwouldn'tbethepersonIamatpresent.”以及后文“fortheirloveandguidanceinmylifejourney”可知，作者感謝這些女性給自己人生旅途中給予的愛和指引。故選C。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的希望世界上所有的女性都能幸福地生活，因?yàn)樗齻兩钌畹赜绊懼忻刻旖佑|到她們的人。A.fight打架；B.know知道；C.cheat欺騙；D.influence影響。呼應(yīng)第一段中“Whenwespeakofwomenofinfluence”指女性會(huì)影響著她們接觸到的人，故選D。35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不管她們的角色是什么，她們都是有影響力的偉大女性。A.great偉大的；B.national國(guó)家的；C.extra額外的；D.narrow狹窄的。呼應(yīng)上文中“Thesegreatwomen”指有影響力的偉大女性。故選A。四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tounderstandhow“modernart"began,alittlehistoricalbackgroundcanbehelpful.Therewasarapidlyincreasingchangeinthe19thcentury.As36．resultoftheIndustrialRevolution(工業(yè)革命),greatchangesinmanufacturing(制造業(yè)),transport,andtechnologybegan37．(affect)howpeoplelived,worked,andtraveledthroughoutEuropeandAmerica.Theseindustry-inspiredsocialchangesledtonotonlygreaterprosperity(繁榮)butalso38．(crowd)livingconditionsformostworkers.Inturn,thisledtothedemandforthearchitecture,thedemandforappliedartanddesignandtheappearanceofwealthybusinessmen39．becameartcollectorsandsupporters.Manyoftheworld'sbestartmuseums40．(establish)bythesesuccessfulbusinessmeninthe19thcentury.Besides,twoother41．(invent)hadadirecteffect42．fineartoftheperiod.First,in1841,theAmericanpainterJohnRandinventedthetinpainttube.Second,majoradvancesweremadeinphotography(攝影),43．(allow)artiststotakephotosofviewswhichcouldthenhelp44．(they)paintinthestudioatalaterdate.Bothofthedevelopmentswould45．(great)benefitanewstyleofpaintingknownas"Impressionism”,whichwouldhaveahugeinfluenceuponhowartistspaintedtheworldaroundthem.【答案】36．a(chǎn)37．toaffet/affecting38．crowded39．who/that40．wereestablished41．inventions42．on43．a(chǎn)lowing44．them45．greatly【分析】本文是說明文。文章講述了現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的起源和發(fā)展歷史。36．考查冠詞。句意：由于工業(yè)革命的結(jié)果，在制造業(yè)、運(yùn)輸和技術(shù)方面的巨大變化開始影響人們?nèi)绾卧跉W洲和美國(guó)生活、工作和旅行的。asaresultof是固定短語。故填a。37．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意同上。began之后可接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語。故填toaffet/affecting。38．考查形容詞。句意：這些受行業(yè)啟發(fā)的社會(huì)變化不僅帶來了更大的繁榮，而且也導(dǎo)致了大多數(shù)工人擁擠的生活條件。修飾后面的名詞conditions，要用形容詞。故填crowded。39．考查定語從句。句意：反過來，這也導(dǎo)致了對(duì)建筑的需求，對(duì)應(yīng)用藝術(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)的需求，以及成為藝術(shù)收藏家和支持者的富商的出現(xiàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格之后為限定性定語從句，先行詞是businessmen，在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who或that引導(dǎo)。故填who或that。40．考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：許多世界上最好的藝術(shù)博物館是由這些成功的商人在19世紀(jì)建立的。establish和主語Manyoftheworld'sbestartmuseums構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，又因本句的時(shí)間狀語是inthe19thcentury，所以用一般過去時(shí)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)。故填wereestablished。41．考查名詞。句意：此外，另外兩項(xiàng)發(fā)明也對(duì)那個(gè)時(shí)期的美術(shù)作品產(chǎn)生了直接的影響。twoother作定語修飾名詞，所以要用invent的名詞形式，且要變成復(fù)數(shù)。故填inventions。42．考查介詞。句意同上。固定短語havea(an)…effecton…表示“對(duì)……有影響”。故填on。43．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：第二，在攝影方面取得了重大進(jìn)展，允許藝術(shù)家拍攝風(fēng)景照片，這以后在晚些時(shí)候可以幫助他們繪畫。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該部分作狀語，且主語與allow為主謂關(guān)系，所以填現(xiàn)在分詞。故填allowing。44．考查代詞。句意同上。作help的賓語，需要用賓格。故填them。45．考查副詞。句意：這兩項(xiàng)發(fā)展都將大大有利于一種被稱為“印象主義”的新繪畫風(fēng)格，這將對(duì)藝術(shù)家如何繪制他們周圍的世界產(chǎn)生巨大影響。修飾動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填greatly。五、提綱類作文46．你班英語老師寫了一條微博，內(nèi)容為“TellmethebiggestproblemduringyourEnglishstudyandyoursolutions”。請(qǐng)用英文給他寫一則回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：1.英語學(xué)習(xí)中遇到的最大問題；2.自己的解決方法；3.取得的效果。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Hi,sir!IdoloveEnglishverymuch.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hi,sir!IdoloveEnglishverymuch.DuringmyEnglishstudy,oneofthebiggestproblemsishowtoimprovemyspokenEnglish.Honestlyspeaking,Ihavelittleconfidencewhenansweringquestionsinclassorchattingwithexchangestudents.Consideringthis,IlistentotheVOASpecialEnglishNewsprogrameveryday,practisethepronunciationwiththerecording,andthenretellhewholestoryusingmyownwords.Besides,Ialsotakeeachvaluableopportunitytocommunicatewithexchangestudentsoncampus.Tomygreatsurprise,IcanspeakEnglishfluentlyandunderstandthenewswithlittledifficultynow.【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生回復(fù)英語老師內(nèi)容為“TellmethebiggestproblemduringyourEnglishstudyandyoursolutions”的一篇微博?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。要求：1.英語學(xué)習(xí)中遇到的最大問題；2.自己的解決方法；3.取得的效果。第二步：列提綱（重點(diǎn)詞組）spokenEnglish;honestlyspeaking;chatwith;exchangestudent;listento;practisethepronunciation;communicatewith;oncampus;tomygreatsurprise;withlittledifficulty

第三步：連詞成句1.DuringmyEnglishstudy,oneofthebiggestproblemsishowtoimprovemyspokenEnglish.2.Honestlyspeaking,Ihavelittleconfidencewhenansweringquestionsinclassorchattingwithexchangestudents.

3.Consideringthis,IlistentotheVOASpecialEnglishNewsprogram