河北省部分重點(diǎn)高中2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期2月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省部分重點(diǎn)高中2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期2月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Gototheplayground. B.Getoutoftheelevator. C.Stopjumpingintheelevator.【答案】C【原文】W:Becareful.Stopjumpingintheelevator.It’sdangeroustodothat.Ifyouwanttoplay,whydon’tyougototheplayground?M:I’msorry.Iwon’tdothatagain.2.Whatwillhappenaboutthecitycenter?A.Therewillbemorepollution. B.Therewillbemorebicycletracks. C.Therewillbemoreparkingareas.【答案】B【原文】W:Didyouhearaboutthechangestothecitycenter?Startingnextmonth,therewillbemorebicycletracksandlessstreetparking.M:That’sgood.Therewillbelesspollutiondowntown.I’msuretherewillbefeweraccidents,too.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash. B.Bycheck. C.Bycreditcard.【答案】C【原文】W:Howmuchisit?M:$375.Willthatbecashorcreditcard?Wealsoacceptchecks.W:I’llpaybycreditcard.Idon’tcarrythatmuchcashwithme.4.Whyisthewomanunsatisfiedwiththefish?A.Ittastesterrible. B.Itisservedtoolate. C.It’snotwhatsheordered.【答案】A【原文】M:Isthereanythingwrong,madam?W:Therecertainlyis.Thisfishisnotfittoeat.Tostartwith,it’sovercooked,andthenit’scold,too.M:I’msorryaboutthat.I’llhaveitchanged.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inatheatre. C.Atagasstation.【答案】B【原文】W:Didyougetsomegasforthecar?M:Oh,Iforgot.We’dbettergetsomeonourwayback.Shallwegetsomethingtoeatnow?W:I’mnothungrynow.Let’sgoforamid-nightdinneraftertheplay.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whodoesthemanwanttospeakto?A.MaryJones. B.JackStewart. C.DavidBowie.7.Whenwillthetrainingcoursestart?A.OnJune12th. B.OnJuly12th. C.OnJuly22nd.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:Hello,MaryJones.M:Hello.ThisisJackStewart.IsDavidBowiethere?W:No,I’msorry.Hehasjustlefttheoffice.M:Whenwillhebeback?W:NottillThursday.CanItakeamessage?M:Yes,thanks.ThisisJackStewarthere.Iwanttotalktohimaboutatrainingcourseheisinterestedin.ItwillstartonJuly12th,notonJuly22ndasoriginallyplanned.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Howmuchistherentfortheextralargetentperday?A.$10. B.$50. C.$60.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Reserveatent. B.Lookforacampingsite. C.Changehercampingplan.【答案】8.C9.A【原文】M:Hello,Ineedtorentanoutdoortentwhichisbigenoughforfourpeople.W:Thenyou’llneedourlargetent.Itcanberentedfor50dollarsperday.Butforanextra10dollars,youcanreserveourextralargetent.Itwilloffersomeadditionalstandingroomspace.M:Ithinkthat’sexactlywhatIneed.W:Great,butyou’llhavetoreserveatentatleastoneweekinadvance,forit’salittleshortofsupply.M:Noproblem!Ourcampingtripisnextmonth.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whenwillthemantourthecampus?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnMondayafternoon. C.OnTuesdayafternoon.11.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersprobablyinnow?A.Thethirdyear. B.Thesecondyear. C.Thefirstyear.12.WhatactivitywillthemantakepartinonTuesdaymorning?A.LibraryTour. B.StudentUnionInduction. C.CareersLecture.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【原文】M:Liz,I’mlookingatthetimetablehere.Itseemsthattherearesomechoicesavailable.W:So,whatareyougoingtodoonMondayafternoon?Inthemorningweallhavetheopeninglecture.M:Well,theCareersLecturemightbehelpful,butIaminterestedintheUniversityTour.So,I’mdoingthetourfirst,thenthelecture.W:Alright.Mightlearnsomethinginteresting.Afterall,wehaven’tseenmuchoftheuniversityyet,andwewillbespendingfouryearshere.M:OnTuesdayafternoon,there’salectureaboutstudyskills,butthatmorningoffersanotherchoice.W:LibraryTourorStudentUnionInduction,whatdoyouthink?M:Ithinkthestudentunionisveryimportant,butwecangothereanytime.Nowweshouldtakeadvantageofthelibrarytour.W:OK.Wednesdaymorningisfree,butafterlunchthere’sachoicebetweenvisitingthecomputerlabandattendingalectureonourlegalrights.M:Well,computersarethebasisofeverythingthesedays,soI’mgoingtothecomputerlab.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatpositionisthemanapplyingfor?A.Amusicteacher. B.Aradiohost. C.ATVproducer.14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutsendinge-mails?A.Heisgoodatit. B.Heneedstimetopractice.C.Heprefersmakingphonecalls.15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?A.Alotoftraffic. B.Gettingupearly. C.Dealingwithcomplaints.16.Whoappearsintheman’sreferencelist?A.Hisformerboss. B.Hisformerclassmate. C.Hisformercolleague.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C【原文】W:Haveaseat,please.Tellmewhyyouwantthisjob.M:I’veworkedasamusicteachermywholelife,andIwantachange.AsIlovemusicsomuch,Ithinkworkingasahostataradiostationwouldbeperfectforme.W:Thedutiesofthisjobincludeansweringthephonesandsendinge-mails.Howareyouwiththesethings?M:I’mexperiencedinsendinge-mails,andwhenIwasateenager,IworkedataTVstationansweringphonecalls.Iguessit’sprettysimilar.W:Wealsohavesomeearlymorningshereinthestudio.Sometimesyou’llhavetobeherearound4:00am.M:Good.I’manearlyriser,sothat’seasyforme.Italsomeanslesstraffic,whichisgreat.W:DoyouhavereferencesIcancall?M:Yes,Ihavealisttogiveyou.TwoarethepeopleIworkedwithatmylastjob,andoneisaprofessorofmygraduateschool.W:Okay.I’llgiveyouacallsoontoletyouknowourdecision.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whenwilltheracebeheldthisyear?A.OnMay11th. B.OnMay23rd. C.OnMay24th.18.Wheredoestheracestart?A.Atthefootballground. B.Onthenorthsideofthepark. C.Atthemainentranceofthepark.19.Whatcaneveryrunnergetthisyear?A.Awaterbottle. B.AT-shirt. C.Apairofrunningshoes.20.Whocanrunintheracefreeofcharge?A.Childrenundertheageof8.B.Childrenbetween8and15.C.Adultswhohaveregisteredinadvance.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.B【原文】M:I’mCarolJohnson,theorganizerofthisyear’sAbingtonFunRun.I’mdelightedtotellyouthatthisyearitwillbeheldonMay24th.It’sopentorunnersofanyage.ThecourseofthefunrunwillbethroughthebeautifulenvironmentofAbingtonParkandthetotaldistancewillbethreekilometers,startingandfinishingatthefootballground.That’sonthesouthsideofthepark,veryclosetothemainentrance.AbingtonFunRunisaraceinwhichtherearenowinnersorlosers.Everyonewhotakespartwillbegivensomethingtoremembertheday.LastyearitwasaT-shirt.Thisyearitwillbeawaterbottle.Thecostforadultsis$8ifyouregisterinadvanceor$10ontheday.Anychildundertheageof15cantakepartforfreebutthere’salowestagelimitof8.Ifyouwouldliketojoininit,entryformsandaninformationpackwithlotsofusefultipsforimprovingyourfitnessandpreparingfortherunareavailablefromanynewsagent’s.Seeyouthere.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2．5分，滿分37．5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourfestivalsaroundtheworldthatcanofferyouspecialanduniqueexperiences.CarnivalofOruro,BoliviaAsoneofthelargesteventsinSouthAmericawhichhasbeenheldsincethe18thcentury,itwasrecognizedbyUNESCOasamasterpieceoftheOralandIntangibleHeritageofHumanity.Everyyear,dozensofgroupswearcolorfulcostumesormasksandperformfolkdancesthatdrawcrowdsupto400,000annually,celebratingpre-Columbiantraditions.UnderwaterMusicFestival,theUSAItstartsfrom1985anditsfoundertookmusicfestivalstoawholenewlevelwiththeaimtoprotectthecorals(珊瑚).Theeventhousesradioplaylistsandocean-themedsongsstreaminglivefromunderwaterspeakersalongwithmusician-diversandlocalpeopleplayinginstrumentswithstrangeshapes.DayoftheLittleCandles,ColombiaThisfestivalcandatebackto1854andColombia’swindows,balconies,andsidewalkswouldcomealiveonthenightofeveryDecember7.Andhousesandstreetsaredecoratedwithcandlesinvaryingcolorsandpaperlanternsbyfamilies.ManypeoplealsoconsiderittheunofficialstartoftheChristmasseasonwhencitiesandtownsdebut(初次登場(chǎng))theirChristmaslightsanddecorations.WorldToeWrestlingChampionship,EnglandThiscompetitionisnotanewcompetition,withitshistorygoingbackto1976.Thesportinvolvestwoopponentswholockfeetinanattempttopineachother’sfootdownintheleasttimepossible,similartoarmwrestling.Therearethreeroundsplayedonabestof2outof3bases.Roundskick-startwiththerightfoot,thenleftandfollowedbyrightagain.21.WhatdoweknowaboutCarnivalofOruro?A.Itfeaturescolorfulcostumesandfolkdances.B.Itisatimeforfamiliestoreunite.C.Itisnouseforthelocaleconomy.D.Itonlyhasonesinglepresentation.22.WhatdoesDayoftheLittleCandlesfeature?A.Bodystrength. B.Colorfulcandles.C.Underwatercreatures. D.Christmasgoods.23.Whichfestivalhastheshortesthistory?A.CarnivalofOruro. B.DayoftheLittleCandles.C.UnderwaterMusicFestival. D.WorldToeWrestlingChampionship.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了不同國(guó)家的四個(gè)節(jié)日?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Everyyear,dozensofgroupswearcolorfulcostumesormasksandperformfolkdancesthatdrawcrowdsupto400,000annually,celebratingpre-Columbiantraditions.(每年，數(shù)十個(gè)團(tuán)體都會(huì)穿著五顏六色的服裝或戴著面具，表演民間舞蹈，每年吸引多達(dá)40萬(wàn)人參加，慶祝前哥倫布時(shí)代的傳統(tǒng)。)”可知，CarnivalofOruro的節(jié)日特色是每年有幾十個(gè)隊(duì)伍穿著五顏六色的服裝表演民間舞蹈，故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Andhousesandstreetsaredecoratedwithcandlesinvaryingcolorsandpaperlanternsbyfamilies.(房屋和街道上都裝飾著各種顏色的蠟燭和家庭的紙燈籠)”可知，在DayoftheLittleCandles，家家戶戶用不同顏色的蠟燭和紙燈籠裝飾房屋和街道，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“UnderwaterMusicFestival,theUSA(海底音樂節(jié)，美國(guó))”部分的“Thisfestivalcandatebackto1854(這個(gè)節(jié)日可追溯到1845年)”并對(duì)比其他節(jié)日的起源可知，UnderwaterMusicFestival始于1985年，是四個(gè)節(jié)日中歷史最短的一個(gè)，故選C項(xiàng)。BPhillip,27,fromtheUK,pulledattheheartstringsofpeopleacrosstheworldaftergivinghismother,Trish,aspecialNewYearpresent—hesurprisedhismomwithavoicerecordingofhislatefather,whichhemadewiththehelpofAI.Theyoungman’sdad,John,passedawayfromcancerin2022—leavinghiswifeandchildrenmourning.Afterseeinghismomstrugglingtogetthroughtheholidays,heturnedtoAItogiveheragiftshewouldneverforget.Inavideo,whichhassofarhadmorethan6.2millionviews,the27-year-oldshowedviewershismom’sreactiontohearingherlatehusband’svoice.“Mydadpassedawayfromcancer1.5yearsagosoIdecidedtodosomethingspecialformymomthisNewYear,”hesaidashismotherunwrappedthepresent.“It’sbeensolongsinceweheardhisvoice,soImadeheravideousingAIsoftwaretomatchhisexactvoice.Andtheresultwasamazing.”Inadditiontohisfather’svoice,Phillipmadeavideothatfeaturedphotosofhisdad.WhenTrishopenedthephotobook,tearsimmediatelyformed.“Hi,honey.Iloveyou.Iwantyoutoknowyouarethebestmothertoourkidsandthestrongestwomaninthewholeworld,”theAIvoicesaid.“I’malwayswithyou.IhopeyouguyshaveahappyNewYear.”Philliprevealedthathiswife,Kassandra,firstgavehimtheideatouseAItorecreatehisdad’svoice.Althoughhewasskepticalatfirst,oncehegottoworkusingthetext-to-speechsoftware,hewasshockedattheoutcome.“Whentheprogramsaiditinhisvoice...Igotchills(寒戰(zhàn))allovermybody.That’swhyIdecidedtodothisnomatterwhat,”Phillipsaid.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pulledattheheartstrings”inparagraph1mean?A.Encouragedcreativity. B.Touchedthehearts.C.Promotedgooddeeds. D.Providedcomfort.25.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheyoungman?A.Adaptable. B.Demanding.C.Heart-warming. D.Hard-working.26.HowdidTrishreacttothespecialgift?A.Shewasterriblyfrightened. B.Shetookitforgranted.C.Shevieweditasadream. D.Shewaswildwithjoy.27.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Phillip’sinterestinmakingtherecording.B.Phillip’sdoubtovermakingtherecording.C.Phillip’sstruggleformakingtherecording.D.Phillip’sinspirationtomaketherecording.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了27歲的Phillip為了讓母親走出丈夫去世的悲痛，用AI技術(shù)重現(xiàn)了父親的聲音，給了母親一份特別的新年禮物?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“givinghismother,Trish,aspecialNewYearpresent—hesurprisedhismomwithavoicerecordingofhislatefather,whichhemadewiththehelpofAI.”（他給母親Trish送了一份特別的新年禮物——他在人工智能的幫助下錄下了已故父親的語(yǔ)音，給母親帶來(lái)了驚喜。）可知，Phillip利用人工智能技術(shù)重現(xiàn)了父親的聲音，這對(duì)他母親來(lái)說(shuō)是非常驚喜的，Phillip的孝心也會(huì)感動(dòng)全世界的人，故推知pulledattheheartstrings意為“觸動(dòng)心弦”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“hesurprisedhismomwithavoicerecordingofhislatefather,whichhemadewiththehelpofAI.”（他在人工智能的幫助下錄下了已故父親的語(yǔ)音，給母親帶來(lái)了驚喜。）及第二段“Theyoungman’sdad,John,passedawayfromcancerin2022—leavinghiswifeandchildrenmourning.Afterseeinghismomstrugglingtogetthroughtheholidays,heturnedtoAItogiveheragiftshewouldneverforget.”（這位年輕人的父親約翰于2022年因癌癥去世，留下哀痛的妻子和孩子。在看到他的媽媽掙扎著度過(guò)假期后，他決定利用人工智能技術(shù)給她一份她永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的禮物。）可知，Phillip用人工智能技術(shù)為母親制作父親的錄音是暖心的，孝順的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“WhenTrishopenedthephotobook,tearsimmediatelyformed.”（Trish打開相冊(cè)的時(shí)候，眼淚立刻涌了出來(lái)。）及倒數(shù)第二段““Hi,honey.Iloveyou.Iwantyoutoknowyouarethebestmothertoourkidsandthestrongestwomaninthewholeworld,”theAIvoicesaid.“I’malwayswithyou.IhopeyouguyshaveahappyNewYear.””（“嗨,親愛的。我愛你。我想讓你知道，你是我們孩子最好的母親，也是世界上最堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的女人?！比斯ぶ悄艿穆曇粽f(shuō)道：“我永遠(yuǎn)和你在一起。祝大家新年快樂。”）可知，Trish看到兒子送的特別的禮物，聽到丈夫熟悉的聲音，喜極而泣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Philliprevealedthathiswife,Kassandra,firstgavehimtheideatouseAItorecreatehisdad’svoice.Althoughhewasskepticalatfirst,oncehegottoworkusingthetext-to-speechsoftware,hewasshockedattheoutcome.“Whentheprogramsaiditinhisvoice...Igotchillsallovermybody.That’swhyIdecidedtodothisnomatterwhat,”Phillipsaid.”（Phillip透露，他的妻子卡Kassandra首先給了他用人工智能重現(xiàn)父親聲音的想法。雖然他一開始是持懷疑態(tài)度的，但當(dāng)他開始使用這個(gè)文本轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)音軟件時(shí)，他對(duì)結(jié)果感到震驚?！爱?dāng)程序用他的聲音說(shuō)出來(lái)的時(shí)候……我渾身一震。這就是我決定無(wú)論如何都要這么做的原因，”菲利普說(shuō)。）可知，本段主要介紹了他制作錄音的靈感來(lái)源及決心。故選D項(xiàng)。CAteamofleadingenvironmentalexpertshavewarnedthatthecurrentwaronplasticisdetractingfromthebiggerthreatstotheenvironment.Inanarticle,theysaythatwhileplasticwasteisanissue,itsprominenceinthegeneralpublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentisovershadowinggreaterthreats,forexample,climatechangeandbiodiversityloss.Theteamarguethatmuchofthebadtalkaboutplasticwasteisbasedondatathatisnotalwaysrepresentativeoftheenvironmentsthathavebeensampled.Thedislikeofplasticassociatedwiththiscouldencouragetheuseofalternativematerialswithpotentiallyharmfuleffects.Theauthorswarnthatplasticpollutiondominatesthepublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentandhasbeenexploitedpolitically,aftercapturingtheattentionoftheworld,forexample,throughtheimagesofwildlifecaughtinplasticwasalarmistheadlines.Theysaysmallpoliticalgesturessuchaslawbanningcosmeticmicroplastics,taxingplasticbags,andfinancialrewardsforusingreusablecontainers,aswellasthepromotionofproductsas“green”forcontaininglessplasticthanalternatives,makepeopleneglectotherenvironmentalproblemsthatarenotasnoticeableasplasticpollution.Thearticlealsohighlightsthatplasticisnottheonlytypeofpollutingmaterials,originatingfromhumanactivitythatpollutestheenvironment.Otherexamplesincludenaturaltextilefibressuchascottonandwool,andbrake-wearparticlesfromvehicles—allofwhicharepresentindifferentplaces.Theauthorsnotethatthesematerialsareoftenmuchmoreabundantthanmicroplasticsandsomeareassociatedwith“plasticalternatives”thataremarketedassolutionstoplasticpollution.Theimpactsofthesematerialsarelesswell-knownthanplasticandmicroplasticpollution,yettheycouldhavehugeimpacts.Thearticlestatesthatsolutionsarelikelytocomefromagreaterfocusondesigningmaterialsandproductsthatcanberecycled,thathavetheirend-of-life,andthatmarketsandfacilitiesexisttorecycle.28.What’stheexperts’attitudetowardsthecurrentwaronplastic?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Critical. D.Objective.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph2referto?A.Thenegativeviewofplastic.B.Theuseofalternativematerials.C.Thepotentialharmfuleffects.D.Thedefenseforplastic.30.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Explainarule. B.Makeacomparison.C.Clarifyapoint. D.Offerasuggestion.31.Whatisthetextmostlikelytobe?A.Aresponsetoplasticpollution.B.Ascheduletofightagainstpollution.C.Anargumentagainstclimatechange.D.Aguidetoplasticmanagement.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了過(guò)度關(guān)注塑料污染帶來(lái)的潛在負(fù)面影響?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ateamofleadingenvironmentalexpertshavewarnedthatthecurrentwaronplasticisdetractingfromthebiggerthreatstotheenvironment.Inanarticle,theysaythatwhileplasticwasteisanissue,itsprominenceinthegeneralpublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentisovershadowinggreaterthreats,forexample,climatechangeandbiodiversityloss.(一組領(lǐng)先的環(huán)境專家警告說(shuō)，目前對(duì)塑料的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)正在轉(zhuǎn)移人們對(duì)給環(huán)境造成更大威脅的事物的注意力。在一篇文章中，他們說(shuō)，雖然塑料垃圾是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，但它在公眾對(duì)環(huán)境的關(guān)注中的突出地位掩蓋了更大的威脅，例如氣候變化和生物多樣性喪失)”可知，專家認(rèn)為對(duì)當(dāng)前塑料戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的過(guò)度關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)移了人們的注意力，使人們忽視了給環(huán)境造成更大威脅的事物，例如氣候變化和生物多樣性喪失。由此推知，專家們對(duì)當(dāng)前塑料戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持批判的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Theteamarguethatmuchofthebadtalkaboutplasticwasteisbasedondatathatisnotalwaysrepresentativeoftheenvironmentsthathavebeensampled.Thedislikeofplasticassociatedwiththiscouldencouragetheuseofalternativematerialswithpotentiallyharmfuleffects.(研究小組認(rèn)為，大部分關(guān)于塑料垃圾的負(fù)面討論都是基于數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)并不總是代表所取樣的環(huán)境。與此相關(guān)的對(duì)塑料的厭惡可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)使用具有潛在有害影響的替代材料)”可知，對(duì)塑料的厭惡和人們對(duì)于塑料垃圾的負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)密切相關(guān)，故“this”指代“muchofthebadtalkaboutplasticwaste”即“對(duì)塑料的負(fù)面看法”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thearticlestatesthatsolutionsarelikelytocomefromagreaterfocusondesigningmaterialsandproductsthatcanberecycled,thathavetheirend-of-life,andthatmarketsandfacilitiesexisttorecycle.(文章指出，解決方案可能來(lái)自更多地關(guān)注設(shè)計(jì)可回收的材料和產(chǎn)品，這些材料和產(chǎn)品有其使用壽命，并且存在回收市場(chǎng)和設(shè)施)”可推知，最后一段作者提出了一種處理污染性材料的建議，即把注意力放在設(shè)計(jì)可回收的材料和產(chǎn)品上。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Ateamofleadingenvironmentalexpertshavewarnedthatthecurrentwaronplasticisdetractingfromthebiggerthreatstotheenvironment.(一組領(lǐng)先的環(huán)境專家警告說(shuō)，目前對(duì)塑料的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)正在轉(zhuǎn)移人們對(duì)給環(huán)境造成更大威脅的事物的注意力)”及第二段最后一句“Thedislikeofplasticassociatedwiththiscouldencouragetheuseofalternativematerialswithpotentiallyharmfuleffects.(與此相關(guān)的對(duì)塑料的厭惡可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)使用具有潛在有害影響的替代材料)”及第三段第一句“Theauthorswarnthatplasticpollutiondominatesthepublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentandhasbeenexploitedpolitically(作者警告說(shuō)，塑料污染主導(dǎo)了公眾對(duì)環(huán)境的關(guān)注，并被政治利用)”及第四段最后一句“Theimpactsofthesematerialsarelesswell-knownthanplasticandmicroplasticpollution,yettheycouldhavehugeimpacts.(這些材料的影響不如塑料和微塑料污染那么為人所知，但它們可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響)”可推知，作者對(duì)于過(guò)度關(guān)注塑料污染做出了回應(yīng)，認(rèn)為過(guò)度關(guān)注塑料污染帶來(lái)了一些潛在負(fù)面影響。故選A項(xiàng)。DTheillusionofchoiceisacognitivebiasthatcausespeopletobelievetheyhavemorecontrolovertheirlivesthantheyactuallydo.Infact,itisafalsesenseofcontrolthatcanleadtosuboptimaldecision-making.Theconceptisrelativelynew.ItwasfirstreferredtobyAmericanphilosopherandpsychologistWilliamJames.Jamesarguesthatchoicescanbeforcedoravoidable,andthateverydilemmabasedonacompletelogicaldisjunction,withnopossibilityofnotchoosing,isanoptionofthisforcedkind.Inapaperpublishedin2000,psychologistsSheenaIyengarandMarkLepperfoundthatpeoplearemorelikelytopurchaseproductswhentheyaregivenfewerchoices.Theillusionofchoiceisoftenusedinadvertisingandmarketingtomakepeoplefeelliketheyareincontroloftheirpurchasedecisions.Thesametechniquesmaybeappliedinvotingtomakevotersfeelmoreconfidentintheirchoiceofwhotovotefor.Inreality,theillusionofchoiceisafalsesenseofcontrolthatcanleadtomakingdecisionsbasedonincompleteinformation.AfamousexampleofthisisthedocumentaryTheGreatHack.ThefilmexploreshowthedatacompanyCambridgeAnalyticausedtheillusionofchoicetocontrolpeople’sopinions.Inthefilm,itisrevealedthatCambridgeAnalyticauseddatafromtheInternettocreatetargetedadsforusersbasedontheirprofiles.Theadsweredesignedtoappealtopeople’sfearsandbiasesinordertoaffecttheiropinionsoncandidates.Theillusionofchoicecanbeapowerfultooltocontrolpeople.Itisessentialtobeawareofyourownbiasesandtendencieswhenmakingdecisions.Taketimetoconsiderallofyouroptionsbeforemakingadecision.Beawareofthepotentialrisksandcostsassociatedwithyourchoices.Seekoutmultipleopinionsbeforemakingafinaldecision.32.Whatcanbelearntabouttheillusionofchoice?A.Itimprovesdecision-making. B.Ithelpspeopletocontrollife.C.Itaffectsconsumers’behavior. D.Itwasintroducedlongago.33.Howdoestheauthordemonstratehisviewpoint?A.Bycitingexperts’words. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byreferringtoascientificpaper. D.Byconductingastudy.34.Whatisakeyfactorinavoidingtheillusionofchoicewhenmakingdecisions?A.Sharingmultipleopinions. B.Makingquickdecisions.C.Beingawareofbiases. D.Ignoringpotentialrisksandcosts.35.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheOriginsoftheIllusionofChoice B.PsychologicalProcessofDecision-MakingC.HowtheIllusionofChoiceIsEmployed D.TheIllusionofChoice:AFalseSenseofControl【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了“選擇的錯(cuò)覺”這一概念，指出它是一種虛假的控制感，會(huì)導(dǎo)致次優(yōu)的決策?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theillusionofchoiceisoftenusedinadvertisingandmarketingtomakepeoplefeelliketheyareincontroloftheirpurchasedecisions.(選擇的錯(cuò)覺經(jīng)常被用在廣告和市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷中，讓人們覺得他們可以控制自己的購(gòu)買決定)”可知，選擇的錯(cuò)覺會(huì)影響消費(fèi)者的行為。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AfamousexampleofthisisthedocumentaryTheGreatHack.ThefilmexploreshowthedatacompanyCambridgeAnalyticausedtheillusionofchoicetocontrolpeople’sopinions.Inthefilm,itisrevealedthatCambridgeAnalyticauseddatafromtheInternettocreatetargetedadsforusersbasedontheirprofiles.Theadsweredesignedtoappealtopeople’sfearsandbiasesinordertoaffecttheiropinionsoncandidates.(一個(gè)著名的例子是紀(jì)錄片《偉大的黑客》。這部電影探討了數(shù)據(jù)公司劍橋分析如何利用選擇的錯(cuò)覺來(lái)控制人們的觀點(diǎn)。在這部電影中，劍橋分析公司利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)用戶的個(gè)人資料為他們制作有針對(duì)性的廣告。這些廣告旨在利用人們的恐懼和偏見，從而影響他們對(duì)候選人的看法)”可推知，作者通過(guò)舉例子來(lái)支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【34題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisessentialtobeawareofyourownbiasesandtendencieswhenmakingdecisions.(在做決定時(shí)，意識(shí)到自己的偏見和傾向是很重要的)”可知，在做決定時(shí)，意識(shí)到自己的偏好至關(guān)重要。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Theillusionofchoiceisacognitivebiasthatcausespeopletobelievetheyhavemorecontrolovertheirlivesthantheyactuallydo.Infact,itisafalsesenseofcontrolthatcanleadtosuboptimaldecision-making.(選擇錯(cuò)覺是一種認(rèn)知偏差，它使人們相信他們對(duì)自己的生活擁有比實(shí)際更多的控制權(quán)。事實(shí)上，這是一種錯(cuò)誤的控制感，可能導(dǎo)致次優(yōu)決策)”結(jié)合文章介紹了“選擇的錯(cuò)覺”這一概念，指出它是一種虛假的控制感，會(huì)導(dǎo)致次優(yōu)的決策?？芍?，D選項(xiàng)“選擇的錯(cuò)覺：一種錯(cuò)誤的控制感”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Minimalismisn’taboutbeingboringorgettingridofmostofyourthingsandlivinginemptyrooms.It’smoreaboutidentifyingwhataddsvaluetoyourlifeandbringsyoujoyandpartingwiththingsthatdon’t.____36____.Whetheryouwanttostarttheprocessoflivingamoreminimalistlifestyleorhavealreadystartedbutarefindingyourselfstuck,herearesometipstohelpyou.BeClearOnWhyYouWantToLiveAMinimalistLifestyleGettingridofuselessthingsinyourhome,workspaceandlife,ingeneral,canbechallenging.____37____.Yet,chancesare,ifyou’vebarelyusedtheseitems,youwon’tneedtheminthefuture.Beingclearastowhyyou’redoingitcanbecriticalasit’llhelpremindyouofyourgoal,fuelyourmotivationandkeepyougoingevenwhenyou’refeelingoverwhelmed.____38____.Nomatterthereason,knowingwhyyou’redoingitisthebestwaytoensureyousuccessfullymovetowardsamoreminimalistlifestyle.ClearOutResponsiblyOpeningagarbagebagandclearingouteverythingyoudon’twanttokeepisquickandeasy.Yet,someoneelsecoulduseyouritemsorrecyclethem.Oneofthebestthingsyoucandoisdonateyourclothestosomeoneyouknoworacharity.____39____.Lastly,asmentionedbefore,certainitemscanberecycled.Youshouldonlythrowawaythingsyoucan’tsell,donateorrecycle.GetInTheRightMindset____40____.It’saboutfindingjoyandgratitude.It’saboutbeingsatisfiedwhenyouneedtothrowoutsomethingoldandpromotingself-careandlovingyourself.Theminimalistseekssimplicity,usefulnessandclaritywithlessfocusonmaterialpossessionsandmorefocusonvalueinlife.Cleartheuselessthingssoyoucanfocusonyourprioritiesandgoals.A.YoucanalsoorganizeabiggaragesaleB.ThebestwaytotidyupistotakeitonestepatatimeC.Mindsetiskeytoa“l(fā)essismore”attitudeandlifestyleD.That’sbecauseitmightbehardtopartwithsomeofyourthingsE.LivingaminimalistlifestylecanallowyoutocreatealifeofmoreF.Thisway,youcangetridoftheunnecessarythingsthatburdenyouG.Perhapsyouwanttocreatemorespaceinyourhomeorlimityourcarbonfootprint【答案】36.F37.D38.G39.A40.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了極簡(jiǎn)主義的概念，并就如何實(shí)現(xiàn)極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式提供了一些建議?！?6題詳析】上一句提到“It’smoreaboutidentifyingwhataddsvaluetoyourlifeandbringsyoujoyandpartingwiththingsthatdon’t(更重要的是要確定什么能給你的生活帶來(lái)價(jià)值，給你帶來(lái)快樂，放棄那些沒有價(jià)值的東西)”，承接上文F選項(xiàng)“F.Thisway,youcangetridoftheunnecessarythingsthatburdenyou(這樣，你就可以擺脫那些不必要的負(fù)擔(dān))”切題，該選項(xiàng)中的“getridof”對(duì)應(yīng)上文中的“partingwith”。故選F項(xiàng)。【37題詳析】上一句提到“Gettingridofuselessthingsinyourhome,workspaceandlife,ingeneral,canbechallenging.(一般來(lái)說(shuō)，清除家里、工作場(chǎng)所和生活中無(wú)用的東西是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn))”，承接上文D選項(xiàng)“That’sbecauseitmightbehardtopartwithsomeofyourthings(那是因?yàn)槟憧赡芎茈y舍棄你的一些東西)”切題，該選項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步闡明挑戰(zhàn)的原因。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】下一句提到“Nomatterthereason,knowingwhyyou’redoingitisthebestwaytoensureyousuccessfullymovetowardsamoreminimalistlifestyle.(不管是什么原因，知道你為什么這樣做是確保你成功地走向更簡(jiǎn)約的生活方式的最好方法)”，本段主要闡述人們想要過(guò)極簡(jiǎn)主義生活的一些原因，G選項(xiàng)“Perhapsyouwanttocreatemorespaceinyourhomeorlimityourcarbonfootprint(也許你想在家里創(chuàng)造更多的空間，或者限制你的碳足跡)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上一句提到“O