河北省石家莊市辛集市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省石家莊市辛集市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共16小題;每小題2.5分，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共11小題:每小題2.5分,滿分27.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFouroftheWorld’sNaturalDisastersThefollowingfournaturaldisastersdestroyedcitiesandcommunitiesaroundtheworld.Byflood,typhoon,orearthquake,theseeventshavecollectivelytakenmillionsofhumanlives.YangtzeRiverFloodThemajorfloodof1931coveredtensofthousandsofsquaremiles,floodingricefieldsandmanycities,includingNanjingandWuhan.Thefloodaffectedmorethan50millionpeople.Governmentorganizations,includingtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,estimated(估計(jì))thatabout3.7millionpeoplediedinthisdisaster.TyphoonNinaTyphoonNinastruckHenanprovinceofChinainAugust1975.Thetyphooncausedaseriousdam(水壩)failure,andmorethan150,000peopleweredeadorinjured.Accordingtoreports,atleast26,000peoplediedinthefloods.About145,000peoplediedfromdiseasescausedbywaterpollutionandfamine(饑荒).Thenumberofpeopleaffectedbythedisasterwasmorethan10,000,000.KashmirEarthquakeOnOctober8,2005,adisastrousearthquakestrucktheKashmirregion.Theearthquakeregisteredamagnitudeof7.6,followedbymanyaftershocks,landslides,andfallingrocks.Theseriousnessofthedamageandthehighnumberofdeathswereworsenedbypoorconstruction(建筑)intheaffectedareas.InKashmiratleast79,000peoplewerekilled,andmorethan32,000buildingsbrokedown.HaitianEarthquakeAtthebeginningof2010,anearthquakehitHaiti.Theearthquakeregisteredamagnitudeof7.0andwasfollowedbyaftershocksthatregisteredmagnitudesof5.9and5.5.Anotheraftershockofmagnitude5.9struckonJanuary20.Therehasbeendebateaboutthetotalnumberofdeathscausedbythisearthquake,butestimatessuggestthatabout200,000-300,000peopledied.Hundredsofthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomes.21.Whichnaturaldisastercausedthemostdeaths?A.YangtzeRiverFlood. B.TyphoonNina.C.KashmirEarthquake. D.HaitianEarthquake.22.WhatmadethesituationinKashmirmoreserious?A.Theseriousaftershocks. B.Thediseasesafterearthquake.C.Thecontinuousfallingrocks. D.Thelowconstructionquality.23.WhatcanwelearnabouttheearthquakethathitHaiti?A.Ithadmanysecondarydisasters. B.Ithappenedinthehottestseason.C.Ithadadebatabledeathnumber. D.Ithappenedonlyonceandforall.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是世界上四次自然災(zāi)難的相關(guān)情況。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YangtzeRiverFlood部分中的“Governmentorganizations,includingtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,estimated(估計(jì))thatabout3.7millionpeoplediedinthisdisaster.(包括國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局在內(nèi)的政府機(jī)構(gòu)估計(jì)，約有370萬(wàn)人在這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難中喪生。)”可知，在這次災(zāi)難中約有370萬(wàn)人喪生；根據(jù)TyphoonNina部分中的“Accordingtoreports,atleast26,000peoplediedinthefloods.About145,000peoplediedfromdiseasescausedbywaterpollutionandfamine(饑荒).(據(jù)報(bào)道，至少有26000人死于洪水。大約145,000人死于水污染和饑荒引起的疾病。)”可知，這次洪水造成26,000人死亡，因水污染和饑荒造成死亡人數(shù)達(dá)到145,000人；根據(jù)KashmirEarthquake部分中的“InKashmiratleast79,000peoplewerekilled,andmorethan32,000buildingsbrokedown.(在克什米爾，至少有7.9萬(wàn)人喪生，3.2萬(wàn)多棟建筑倒塌。)”可知，在這次地震中喪生的人數(shù)有79,000人；根據(jù)HaitianEarthquake部分中的“Therehasbeendebateaboutthetotalnumberofdeathscausedbythisearthquake,butestimatessuggestthatabout200,000-300,000peopledied.(關(guān)于這次地震造成的死亡總?cè)藬?shù)一直存在爭(zhēng)議，但估計(jì)約有20萬(wàn)至30萬(wàn)人死亡。)”可知，在這次地震中喪生人數(shù)估計(jì)有20萬(wàn)至30萬(wàn)人，綜上信息可知，在以上四大自然災(zāi)難中，導(dǎo)致死亡人數(shù)最多的應(yīng)是長(zhǎng)江洪水，造成了370萬(wàn)人喪生。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KashmirEarthquake部分中的“Theseriousnessofthedamageandthehighnumberofdeathswereworsenedbypoorconstruction(建筑)intheaffectedareas.(受災(zāi)地區(qū)糟糕的建筑使得破壞的嚴(yán)重性和死亡人數(shù)更加惡化。)”可知，在受災(zāi)區(qū)域糟糕的建筑使得破壞的嚴(yán)重性以及死亡人數(shù)更加惡化，由此可知，糟糕的建筑是使得克什米爾的情況更加糟糕。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HaitianEarthquake部分中的“Therehasbeendebateaboutthetotalnumberofdeathscausedbythisearthquake,butestimatessuggestthatabout200,000-300,000peopledied.(關(guān)于這次地震造成的死亡總?cè)藬?shù)一直存在爭(zhēng)議，但估計(jì)約有20萬(wàn)至30萬(wàn)人死亡。)”可知，發(fā)生在海地的這次地震造成的死亡人數(shù)一直存在爭(zhēng)議，所以，在這次地震中我們了解到的是死亡人數(shù)有爭(zhēng)議。故選C項(xiàng)。BInthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselves,andineachracetheytrytoachievethenewpersonalbest.ForoneNebraskateenrunninginwhatwouldlikelytobehisfinalcross-countryoutingbeforegraduatingfromhighschool,hispersonalbestturnedoutnottobemarkingthefastesttimebutdisplayingthebiggestheart.AlthoughitwasalongshotwhenhecameoutfromthestartingpositionlastThursday,BrandonSchuttfromBellevueEastHighSchoolknewifhistimewasgoodenoughthatday,hestillhadthepotentialtoqualifyfortheupcomingstatemeet.Amileintothe3.1-milerace,however,Schuttrealizedhewasn’tgoingtobeabletokeepupthenecessarymomentum(勢(shì)頭).Ratherthanriskinginjury,heslowedtoacomfortablepacethatwouldallowhimtosimplygetpleasurefromthemomentandtheday.Meanwhile,BlakeCervenyfromOmahaBurkeHighSchoolwasrunningaverydifferentkindofrace.Aimingtobeathisownpersonalrecord,afterafaststart,hecontinuedtopushhimselfhard.Withlessthan400meterstogo,Cerveny’slegscrampedup(抽筋),buthedidn’tgiveup.Cervenyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon,onlytofallagainafteranother150metersandagain.About100metersawayfromthefinishline,helaycurledontheground.Hislegshadsimplygivenout.BeforeCerveny’sdadcouldreachhisson,BrandonSchuttwasathissidetoofferahelpinghand.Thetwocompletedthefinalmetersofthecourse.Schuttevenmadesuretheinjuredrunnercrossedthefinishlinefirst,securinghisopponentafastertime.Intoday’scompetitiveworld,whiletheemphasisinathleticsissooftenonbreakingrecords,itisinspiringtoseeanathletelikeBrandonSchutt.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutSchuttatthebeginningoftherunning?A.Hewasconfidenttowinthefirstplace.B.Hewasnervousaboutthecominggraduation.C.Hewasclearabouthisownstrengthsandweaknesses.D.Hewasdissatisfiedwiththesurroundingthings.25.WhydidBrandonSchuttslowdownafteramile?A.Tohaveafinalpush. B.Toenjoythecompetition.C.TohelpBlakeCerveny. D.Toexaminehiswounds.26.WhatcanwelearnaboutBlakeCervenyintherace?A.Hewasapersonofdetermination.B.Hewasgeneroustohelpothers.C.Hedidn’tcrossthefinishline.D.Hewasaffectedbyhisphysicaldisability.27.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheLoveforSports. B.TheSportofTrackandField.C.TheImportanceofPerseverance. D.TheValueofTrueSportsmanship.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述的是內(nèi)布拉斯加州的一名青少年BrandonSchutt在最后一次參加高中的越野跑時(shí)，幫助在比賽中受傷的來(lái)自于奧馬哈伯克高中的BlakeCerveny跑完了最后幾米的故事，體現(xiàn)了真正的體育精神。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AlthoughitwasalongshotwhenhecameoutfromthestartingpositionlastThursday,BrandonSchuttfromBellevueEastHighSchoolknewifhistimewasgoodenoughthatday,hestillhadthepotentialtoqualifyfortheupcomingstatemeet.(上周四，來(lái)自BellevueEastHighSchool的BrandonSchutt從首發(fā)位置上出來(lái)時(shí)，雖然希望渺茫，但他知道，如果那天他的表現(xiàn)足夠好，他仍然有可能獲得即將到來(lái)的洲際錦標(biāo)賽的資格。)”可知，BrandonSchutt知道雖然機(jī)會(huì)渺茫，但是自己如果表現(xiàn)足夠好，仍然可以獲得參加將來(lái)的洲際錦標(biāo)賽的資格，由此可知，Schutt很清楚自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Amileintothe3.1-milerace,however,Schuttrealizedhewasn’tgoingtobeabletokeepupthenecessarymomentum(勢(shì)頭).Ratherthanriskinginjury,heslowedtoacomfortablepacethatwouldallowhimtosimplygetpleasurefromthemomentandtheday.(然而，在3.1英里的比賽進(jìn)行到1英里時(shí)，Schutt意識(shí)到他將無(wú)法保持必要的勢(shì)頭。與其冒著受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，他放慢了節(jié)奏，讓自己從當(dāng)下和這一天中得到快樂(lè)。)”可知，在進(jìn)行到1英里的時(shí)候，Schutt意識(shí)到自己無(wú)法保持必要的勢(shì)頭，預(yù)期冒著受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，不如享受當(dāng)下和這一天中得到快樂(lè)，由此可知，Schutt慢下來(lái)是為了享受比賽。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Aimingtobeathisownpersonalrecord,afterafaststart,hecontinuedtopushhimselfhard.Withlessthan400meterstogo,Cerveny’slegscrampedup(抽筋),buthedidn’tgiveup.Cervenyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon,onlytofallagainafteranother150metersandagain.About100metersawayfromthefinishline,helaycurledontheground.(為了打破自己的個(gè)人紀(jì)錄，在快速起步后，他繼續(xù)努力。在距離終點(diǎn)不到400米的時(shí)候，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，但他沒(méi)有放棄。Cerveny從地面站起身，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，但又在150米后再次摔倒。距離終點(diǎn)線大約100米的地方，他蜷曲著躺在地上。)”可知，Cerveny為了打破自己的記錄，在距離終點(diǎn)不到400米的時(shí)候腿抽筋的情況下沒(méi)有放棄，繼續(xù)前行，又在150以后再次摔倒，仍堅(jiān)持到還剩大約100米的時(shí)候，蜷曲著躺在地上，由此可知，Cerveny是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)尾段“Intoday’scompetitiveworld,whiletheemphasisinathleticsissooftenonbreakingrecords,itisinspiringtoseeanathletelikeBrandonSchutt.(在當(dāng)今競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的世界里，雖然體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)經(jīng)常是打破記錄，但看到像BrandonSchutt這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)員還是令人鼓舞的。)”以及上文中講述的BrandonSchutt幫助自己在比賽過(guò)程中抽筋的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手跑完最后幾米的故事可知，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)是打破紀(jì)錄，但是在比賽過(guò)程中幫助競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的體育精神更令人鼓舞，由此可知，本文主要講述的是真正的體育精神的價(jià)值，所以題目“真正體育精神的價(jià)值”與本文的內(nèi)容吻合，且體現(xiàn)了本文講述的主題。故選D項(xiàng)。CYearsago,manyMexicangraywolveslivedintheUnitedStates.Inthe1800s,cattlefarmerswereworriedthatthesewolveswouldhuntandeattheirfarmanimals.Duringthe1800sand1900s,farmerskilledmanyofthesewolvestotrytoprotecttheiranimals.Thesewolvesalmostwentextinct.In1976,theU.S.governmentpassedtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Thesewolveswerefinallyprotected!Andwithhelp,thespeciescontinuestosurvivetoday.TheWhiteMountainApacheTribe(部落)hasplayedanimportantroleinkeepingthisspeciesalive.TheyliveonalargeareaoflandinArizonacalledtheFortApacheIndianReservation.Thisareaisalsoawolfhabitat.KristaBeazleyisawolfbiologistontheFortApacheIndianReservation.ShetracksthemovementsofMexicangraywolvesthatliveontheland.Scientistshaveputspecialradiocollarsonwolves.Thesecollarssendoutbeepingsignals(蜂鳴信號(hào))toaspecialhand-heldantenna(手持天線).BiologistslikeBeazleyusetheseantennastotrackthewolves.Shealsofollowstheirfootprintsanddroppings.Wolfdroppingstellbiologistswhatthewolfate,whereitspendsmuchofitstime,andifitissick.Beazleymakessurethewolvesarealiveandhealthy.ThenumberofMexicangraywolveslivingontheFortApacheIndianReservationisgrowing.Despitethisremarkableprogress,thespeciesisstillendangered.TheWhiteMountainApacheTribecontinuestotrytoprotectthesewolves.TheWhiteMountainApacheTribealsoworkstoprotectmanyotherrareplantandanimalspecies.Forexample,theysavedtheApachetroutfromextinctionbyclosingcertainareastofishingandbybuildingtrouthabitats.TheyalsoprotecthabitatsforanimalsliketheMexicanspottedowl.TheWhiteMountainApacheTribehasacloseconnectionwithallofnature.Tribemembersbelievehumansmusthonortheanimalsandnaturearoundthem.28.WhydidMexicangraywolvesalmostdieoutduringthe1800sand1900s?A.Theywereeatenbyfarmanimals. B.Theywerekilledbycattlefarmers.C.Governmentpassedlawstohuntthem. D.Theyhardlysurvivedintheextremeclimates.29.WhatwastheresultoftheEndangeredSpeciesActbeingpassed?A.TheMexicangraywolfwasprotected.B.TheMexicangraywolfdisappearedcompletely.C.TheWhiteMountainApacheTribesettledinArizona.D.TheFortApacheIndianReservationbecameawolfhabitat.30.WhatmaybestdescribeKristaBeazley?A.Kindandcourageous. B.Carefulandconfident.C.Hardworkingandcaring. D.Responsibleandhumorous.31.WhatdoweknowabouttheWhiteMountainApacheTribe?A.Theycareaboutanimalsandnaturearoundthem.B.Theyworkhardtobuildhabitatsforallanimals.C.TheiruniquetaskistoprotectMexicangraywolves.D.TheytrytokeepMexicangraywolvesfromincreasing.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了墨西哥灰狼過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的情況?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Inthe1800s,cattlefarmerswereworriedthatthesewolveswouldhuntandeattheirfarmanimals.Duringthe1800sand1900s,farmerskilledmanyofthesewolvestotrytoprotecttheiranimals.Thesewolvesalmostwentextinct.(在19世紀(jì)，養(yǎng)牛戶擔(dān)心這些狼會(huì)獵殺并吃掉他們的牲畜。在19世紀(jì)和20世紀(jì)，農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)他們的動(dòng)物，殺死了許多這種狼。這些狼幾乎滅絕了。)”可知，墨西哥灰狼在19世紀(jì)和20世紀(jì)幾乎滅絕他們被養(yǎng)牛的農(nóng)民殺死了。故選B。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“In1976,theU.S.governmentpassedtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Thesewolveswerefinallyprotected!Andwithhelp,thespeciescontinuestosurvivetoday.(1976年，美國(guó)政府通過(guò)了《瀕危物種法案》。這些狼終于得到了保護(hù)！在人們的幫助下，這個(gè)物種得以延續(xù)至今。)”可知，《瀕危物種法》通過(guò)的結(jié)果是墨西哥灰狼受到了保護(hù)。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“KristaBeazleyisawolfbiologistontheFortApacheIndianReservation.ShetracksthemovementsofMexicangraywolvesthatliveontheland.Scientistshaveputspecialradiocollarsonwolves.Thesecollarssendoutbeepingsignals(蜂鳴信號(hào))toaspecialhand-heldantenna(手持天線).BiologistslikeBeazleyusetheseantennastotrackthewolves.Shealsofollowstheirfootprintsanddroppings.Wolfdroppingstellbiologistswhatthewolfate,whereitspendsmuchofitstime,andifitissick.Beazleymakessurethewolvesarealiveandhealthy.(克里斯塔·比茲利是阿帕奇堡印第安保留地的一名狼生物學(xué)家。她跟蹤生活在這片土地上的墨西哥灰狼的活動(dòng)?？茖W(xué)家們給狼戴上了特殊的無(wú)線電項(xiàng)圈。這些項(xiàng)圈會(huì)向一個(gè)特殊的手持天線發(fā)出蜂鳴聲信號(hào)。像比茲利這樣的生物學(xué)家用這些天線來(lái)追蹤狼。她還會(huì)追蹤它們的腳印和糞便。狼的糞便告訴生物學(xué)家狼吃什么，在哪里度過(guò)大部分時(shí)間，如果它生病了。比茲利要確保狼群活得健康。)”可知，克里斯塔·比茲利即勤奮又細(xì)心。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Tribemembersbelievehumansmusthonortheanimalsandnaturearoundthem.(部落成員認(rèn)為人類必須尊重周圍的動(dòng)物和自然。)”可知，白山阿帕奇部落的人關(guān)心周圍的動(dòng)物和大自然。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題海小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In1972,UNESCOstartedaprogrammetoprotecttheworld'sculturalandnaturalheritage.____32____TheTaMahal(泰姬陵)inIndiaandtheImperialTombsoftheQingandMingDynastiesinChinaaretwoofthebestknownexamples.____33____Intheearly17thcentury,IndiawasruledbyanemperornamedShahJahanwhowasmarriedtoawomannamedMumtaz.Theemperorlovedhiswifesomuchthatwhenshedied,hebuilttheTajMahalinhermemory.Thebeautifulmausoleum(陵墓)wasdesignedtolooklikewhattheemperorhopedwouldbeMumtaz'shomeintheafterlife.Thecolourofthebuildingsappearstochangewiththelightofday.____34____Thecouple,therefore,nowresttogetherforever.____35____theImperialTombsoftheMingandQingDynastiesareamonumenttothemindandspirit.Visitorswhowalkamongthebuildingscanfeelboththeweightofhistoryandawonderfulsenseofpeace.WhatmakestheQingandMingTombsuniqueisthattheybringtogetherarchitectureandphilosophy.TheImperialTombsrepresentChineseculturalandhistoricalvaluesthathavebeenhandeddownfromgenerationtogenerationforthousandsofyears.Humanlifelastsonlyashorttimebutartandculturelastforever,TheUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritageSitesprogrammeattemptstoprotectandpreservethebestofhumanhistory.MasterpiecessuchastheTaiMahalandtheImperialTombsoftheMingandQingDynastiesremindusofwhatwecanachieveatourfinest.____36____A.BuildingtheTajMahalwasalabouroflove.B.TheTajMahalisamasterpieceofarchitecture.C.ThekingwaslaterburiedimmediatelytoMumtaz.D.Theyalsoencourageustofollowourtraditionalcustoms.E.SupposingthattheTajMahalisacelebrationoftheheart.F.Meanwhile,theyinspireustoliveuptoourgreatpastinthefuture.G.Morethan800culturalsiteshavebeenaddedtotheWorldCulturalHeritageSiteListeversince.【答案】32.G33.A34.C35.E36.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。講述了1972年，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織啟動(dòng)了一項(xiàng)保護(hù)世界文化和自然遺產(chǎn)。以泰姬陵和明清兩代的皇陵為例，講述了它們的由來(lái)和對(duì)我們的啟示?！?2題詳析】根據(jù)空前“In1972,UNESCOstartedaprogrammetoprotecttheworld'sculturalandnaturalheritage.(1972年，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織啟動(dòng)了一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，以保護(hù)世界文化和自然遺產(chǎn)。)”空后“TheTaMahal(泰姬陵)inIndiaandtheImperialTombsoftheQingandMingDynastiesinChinaaretwoofthebestknownexamples.(印度的泰姬陵和明清兩代的皇陵是其中的最好的兩個(gè)例子。)”可知，空前提到了聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織啟動(dòng)保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃，空后提出了泰姬陵和皇陵是其中的兩個(gè)例子，故G項(xiàng)“從那以后，800多個(gè)文化遺址被添加到世界文化遺產(chǎn)清單中?！狈希薪由衔?，并引出下文，且空后的“thebestknownexamples”指代本空的“Morethan800culturalsites”，故選G項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Intheearly17thcentury,IndiawasruledbyanemperornamedShahJahanwhowasmarriedtoawomannamedMumtaz.Theemperorlovedhiswifesomuchthatwhenshedied,hebuilttheTajMahalinhermemory.(17世紀(jì)初期，印度由一名叫的ShahJahan皇帝統(tǒng)治，他與一名叫Mumtaz的女子結(jié)婚?；实酆軔?ài)他的妻子，所以當(dāng)她去世時(shí)，他修建了泰姬陵來(lái)紀(jì)念她。)”可知，空后講述了泰姬陵的由來(lái)，是因?yàn)榛实蹖?duì)他妻子的愛(ài)，故A項(xiàng)“泰姬陵的修建是因?yàn)閻?ài)?！狈?，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Thecouple,therefore,nowresttogetherforever.(因此，這對(duì)夫婦永遠(yuǎn)地安息在一起了。)”可知，C項(xiàng)“國(guó)王隨后也立即葬在了Mumtaz的身邊。”是空前的順義承接，國(guó)王葬在了妻子身邊，因此他們永遠(yuǎn)地安息在一起了，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)空后“theImperialTombsoftheMingandQingDynastiesareamonumenttothemindandspirit.(明清兩代的皇陵就是心靈和精神的豐碑。)”可知，空后提出了明清兩代的皇陵是心靈的寄托，故E項(xiàng)“如果泰姬陵是一場(chǎng)心靈的慶典?！狈?，此處分別說(shuō)出了泰姬陵和明清兩代皇陵的意義，故選E項(xiàng)。【36題詳析】根據(jù)空前“MasterpiecessuchastheTaiMahalandtheImperialTombsoftheMingandQingDynastiesremindusofwhatwecanachieveatourfinest.(像泰姬陵和明清兩代的陵墓提醒著我們，我們可以做到最好。)”可知，空前提出了這些文化遺產(chǎn)警示著我們，讓我們努力做到最好，故F項(xiàng)“與此同時(shí)，它們又激勵(lì)著我們?cè)谖磥?lái)不辜負(fù)我們偉大的過(guò)去?！狈希現(xiàn)項(xiàng)與空前構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，像泰姬陵和明清兩代的陵墓不僅警示著我們做到最好，而且還激勵(lì)著我們不辜負(fù)過(guò)去，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Somepolyglots,whocanspeakquiteafewlanguages,mayseemespeciallytalented.ZhaoYuanren,aChineseAmerican____37____couldspeaksevenlanguagesandmorethan30dialects.England’sQueenElizabethIcouldspeakabout10languages.AfamousItaliannamedGuiseppeMezzofantiwasreportedtohavebeenableto____38____in30to40languages.Polyglotsareindeed____39____,butAmericanteenagerTimDonerislivingproofthatanyonecantrytobeone.Asachild.TimstudiedFrenchandLatinatschool,buthefounditdifficulttobeinterestedinjustwordsandgrammarrules.Whenhewas13,Tim____40____listeningtoHebrewrapmusic.Oneday,he____41____thewordsinadictionaryandrealisedhecouldputthemtogethertomake____42____!HestartedlookingforpeoplewhospokeHebrewsohecould____43____,andthen,hedecidedtosignupforasummerArabicclass.Oneevening,justforfun,hepostedavideoofhimselfspeakingArabicandanotherofhimspeakingHebrew.HebrewandArabicspeakerswrotenice____44____onhisvideosandgavehimadvice.Timlovedit.Hecould____45____communicatewithpeople!Afterthat,Timstartedlookingfornewlanguagestolearn,andpostingmorevideosofhimselfspeakingnewlanguages,includingChinese.Timalsobegantousemanyothermethodstomakelearning_____46_____.Timwisheseveryonewouldlearnmorethanonelanguageandnotjustasaschoolsubject.“Knowingalanguageisalotmorethanknowingacoupleofwordsoutofa_____47_____,”Timsays.Languagesareforcommunicatingwithpeople,learningabouttheir_____48_____,andunderstandinghowdifferentpeoplethink.“Openupyourmindtothefactthatlanguage_____49_____aculturalworldview,”saysTim.“Youcantranslatewordseasily,_____50_____youcan’tquitetranslatemeaning.”O(jiān)r,asNelsonMandelasaid.“Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguagehe_____51_____,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktohiminhislanguage,thatgoestohisheart.”37.A.learner B.native C.master D.linguist38.A.hear B.sing C.appreciate D.communicate39.A.equal B.satisfying C.amazing D.specific40.A.kept B.stopped C.started D.finished41.A.referredto B.madeup C.lookedfor D.lookedup42.A.songs B.texts C.sentences D.expressions43.A.exchange B.practise C.register D.design44.A.words B.phrases C.comments D.demands45.A.extremely B.officially C.obviously D.actually46.A.fun B.difficult C.boring D.happy47.A.card B.message C.language D.dictionary48.A.vocabulary B.grammar C.spirit D.culture49.A.finds B.presents C.translates D.represents50.A.so B.and C.but D.therefore51.A.regards B.likes C.describes D.understands【答案】37.D38.D39.C40.C41.D42.C43.B44.C45.D46.A47.D48.D49.D50.C51.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了13歲的美國(guó)少年蒂姆·多納的多種語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)歷程和心得體會(huì)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：美籍華裔語(yǔ)言學(xué)家趙元任，能說(shuō)七種語(yǔ)言和30多種方言。A.learner學(xué)習(xí)者；B.native土著，本地人；C.master大師;D.linguist語(yǔ)言學(xué)家、通曉數(shù)國(guó)語(yǔ)言的人。根據(jù)上文“Somepolyglots,whocanspeakquiteafewlanguages,mayseemespeciallytalented.(一些會(huì)說(shuō)多種語(yǔ)言的多語(yǔ)人士可能看起來(lái)特別有天賦。)”中的polyglot，意為“通曉并使用多種語(yǔ)言的人”，以及“speaksevenlanguagesandmorethan30dialects.”可知，趙元任是美籍華裔語(yǔ)言學(xué)家。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能夠用30到40種語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行交流。A.hear聽(tīng)；B.sing唱歌；C.appreciate欣賞;D.communicate交流。根據(jù)上文“Somepolyglots,whocanspeakquiteafewlanguages,mayseemespeciallytalented.(一些會(huì)說(shuō)多種語(yǔ)言的多語(yǔ)人士可能看起來(lái)特別有天賦。)”可知，GuiseppeMezzofanti也是一個(gè)會(huì)用很多種語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行交流（communicate）的人。故選D項(xiàng)。【39題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：精通多種語(yǔ)言的確很了不起，但美國(guó)少年蒂姆·多納就是一個(gè)活生生的例子，證明任何人都可以嘗試成為一名精通多種語(yǔ)言的人。A.equal相等的；B.satisfying令人滿意的；C.amazing驚人的；D.specific具體的。根據(jù)上文“ZhaoYuanren,aChineseAmerican________,couldspeaksevenlanguagesandmorethan30dialects.England’sQueenElizabethIcouldspeakabout10languages.AfamousItaliannamedGuiseppeMezzofantiwasreportedtohavebeenableto________in30to40languages.(美籍華裔、通曉數(shù)國(guó)語(yǔ)言的趙元任會(huì)說(shuō)7種語(yǔ)言和30多種方言。英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白一世會(huì)說(shuō)大約10種語(yǔ)言。據(jù)報(bào)道，一位名叫吉塞普·梅佐凡蒂的著名意大利人能夠用30到40種語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行交流。)”可知，這些人精通如此多種語(yǔ)言，非常令人驚訝（amazing）。故選C項(xiàng)。【40題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：蒂姆13歲的時(shí)候，開(kāi)始聽(tīng)希伯來(lái)說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)。A.kept保持；B.stopped停止;C.started開(kāi)始；D.finished完成。根據(jù)上文“Asachild,TimstudiedFrenchandLatinatschool,buthefounditdifficulttobeinterestedinjustwordsandgrammarrules.(蒂姆小時(shí)候在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)和拉丁語(yǔ)，但他發(fā)現(xiàn)僅僅對(duì)單詞和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則感興趣是很困難的。)”可知，蒂姆小時(shí)候?qū)W的是法語(yǔ)和拉丁語(yǔ)，而希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)沒(méi)有提及，下文“Oneday,he________thewordsinadictionaryandrealisedhecouldputthemtogethertomake________!(有一天，他在字典里……這些單詞，意識(shí)到他可以把它們組合成……！)”可知，蒂姆要通過(guò)字典學(xué)習(xí)單詞，故13歲時(shí)開(kāi)始（started）接觸希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查這些單詞，意識(shí)到他可以把它們組合成句子！A.referredto參考；B.madeup彌補(bǔ)；C.lookedfor尋找；D.lookedup查找。此處考查固定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)lookupthewordsinadictionary，意為“在字典里查一下這些單詞”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，他在字典里查這些單詞，意識(shí)到他可以把它們組合成句子！A.songs歌曲；B.texts文本；D.sentences句子；D.expressions表達(dá)；此處表示可以把單詞組合在一起，編成句子（sentences），符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他開(kāi)始尋找會(huì)說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的人，這樣他就可以練習(xí)了，然后，他決定報(bào)名參加一個(gè)暑期阿拉伯語(yǔ)班。A.exchange交換；B.practise實(shí)踐、練習(xí)；C.register注冊(cè)；D.design設(shè)計(jì)。本句中，蒂姆尋找說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的人，并報(bào)了一個(gè)班，目的是與他們用希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)交流，練（practise）希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)的人給他的視頻寫了很好的評(píng)論，并給了他建議。A.words詞語(yǔ)；B.phrases短語(yǔ)；C.comments評(píng)論；D.demands要求。根據(jù)上文“Oneevening,justforfun,hepostedavideoofhimselfspeakingArabicandanotherofhimspeakingHebrew.(一天晚上，為了好玩，他發(fā)布了一段自己說(shuō)阿拉伯語(yǔ)和另一段說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的視頻。)”和下文“Timlovedit.(蒂姆很喜歡)”可知，他的視頻得到了說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)的人的點(diǎn)評(píng)（comments），給了他好的評(píng)論。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他真的可以與人交流！A.extremely極其；B.officially官方地；C.obviously明顯地；D.actually事實(shí)上。根據(jù)上文“Oneevening,justforfun,hepostedavideoofhimselfspeakingArabicandanotherofhimspeakingHebrew.HebrewandArabicspeakerswrotenice________onhisvideosandgavehimadvice.(一天晚上，只是為了好玩，他發(fā)布了一段自己說(shuō)阿拉伯語(yǔ)的視頻，另一個(gè)說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的視頻。說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)的人給他的視頻寫了很好的評(píng)論，并給了他建議。)”可知，蒂姆的希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)說(shuō)得不錯(cuò)，受到了說(shuō)這個(gè)語(yǔ)言的人的好評(píng)，說(shuō)明他學(xué)的希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的程度，實(shí)際上（actually）已經(jīng)到了可以和說(shuō)希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)的人進(jìn)行交流了的程度了。故選D項(xiàng)。【46題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：蒂姆也開(kāi)始使用許多其他方法使學(xué)習(xí)變得有趣。A.fun有趣的；B.difficult困難的；C.boring無(wú)聊的；D.happy快樂(lè)的。根據(jù)上文“Timlovedit.Hecould________communicatewithpeople!Afterthat,Timstartedlookingfornewlanguagestolearn,andpostingmorevideosofhimselfspeakingnewlanguages,includingChinese.(蒂姆很喜歡！他真的可以與人交流！從那以后，蒂姆開(kāi)始尋找新的語(yǔ)言來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，并發(fā)布了更多自己說(shuō)新語(yǔ)言的視頻，包括中文。)”可知，在蒂姆看來(lái)，學(xué)習(xí)多種語(yǔ)言是件有趣的（fun）事情，他樂(lè)此不疲。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：懂一門語(yǔ)言比從字典里認(rèn)識(shí)幾個(gè)單詞要重要得多。A.card卡片；B.message消息；C.language語(yǔ)言；D.dictionary字典。根據(jù)上文“Oneday,he________thewordsinadictionaryandrealisedhecouldputthemtogethertomake________!(有一天，他在字典里查這些單詞，意識(shí)到他可以把它們組合成句子！)”可知，當(dāng)初蒂姆為了記單詞也翻過(guò)字典（dictionary），還發(fā)現(xiàn)單詞可以組合為句子。dictionary為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，故選D項(xiàng)。【48題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：語(yǔ)言是用來(lái)與人交流的，學(xué)習(xí)他們的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。A.vocabulary詞匯；B.grammar語(yǔ)法；C.spirit精神;D.culture文化。根據(jù)下文“Openupyourmindtothefactthatlanguage________aculturalworldview(打開(kāi)你的思維，語(yǔ)言……一種文化世界觀)”可知，學(xué)一門語(yǔ)言，不僅僅是記單詞，cultural為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，語(yǔ)言與文化有關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：打開(kāi)你的思維，語(yǔ)言代表著一種文化世界觀。A.finds發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.presents呈現(xiàn)；C.translates翻譯；D.represents代表。根據(jù)上文“Languagesareforcommunicatingwithpeople,learningabouttheir________,andunderstandinghowdifferentpeoplethink.(語(yǔ)言是用來(lái)與人交流的，學(xué)習(xí)他們的文化，了解不同的人是如何思考的。)”可知，一種語(yǔ)言就是一種文化，代表著說(shuō)這種語(yǔ)言的人的文化。represents符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【50題詳析】考查連詞和副詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以很容易地翻譯單詞，但你不能完全翻譯意義。A.so所以；B.and和；C.but但是；D.therefore因此。根據(jù)上文“Openupyourmindtothefactthatlanguage________aculturalworldview,(打開(kāi)你的思維，語(yǔ)言代表著一種文化世界觀。)”可知，單詞容易翻譯，但是因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言與文化有關(guān)，真實(shí)的內(nèi)涵不一定能真正體會(huì)。前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【51題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你用一個(gè)人聽(tīng)得懂的語(yǔ)言和他說(shuō)話，他就會(huì)記在腦子里。A.regards認(rèn)為；D.likes喜歡；C.describes描述；D.understands理解。根據(jù)下文“Ifyoutalktohiminhislanguage,thatgoestohisheart.(如果你用他的語(yǔ)言和他說(shuō)話，你的話會(huì)進(jìn)入他的內(nèi)心。)”可知，你能用對(duì)方的母語(yǔ)跟他交流，那么你們可以深度交流，交流的內(nèi)容能走心，如果你用的語(yǔ)言只是對(duì)方聽(tīng)得懂（understands）的語(yǔ)言，不是對(duì)方的母語(yǔ)，那么兩人的交流的深度就不如跟對(duì)方的母語(yǔ)交流那么深。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)52.Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.（英譯漢）_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】從初中過(guò)渡到高中真是一項(xiàng)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。【詳析】考查動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)金額時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知，本句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)是Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschool“從初中過(guò)渡到高中”，is是系動(dòng)詞，areallybigchallenge.“一項(xiàng)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)”。故本句可譯為：從初中過(guò)渡到高中真是一項(xiàng)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。53.TheWinterOlympicGamesarenotjustanopportunityforathletestowinmedalsandhonourfortheircountries.(英譯漢)_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)不僅僅是運(yùn)動(dòng)員為自己的國(guó)家贏得獎(jiǎng)牌和榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會(huì)。【詳析】考查名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式。TheWinterOlympicGames為句子主語(yǔ)，意為“冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)”，are句子的謂語(yǔ)，與notjust共同翻譯為“不僅僅是”，anopportunity作表語(yǔ)，意為“一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)”，athletes介詞for作賓語(yǔ)意為“運(yùn)動(dòng)員”，也是不定式短語(yǔ)towinmedalsandhonourfortheircountries的邏輯主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞opportunity，其中的medals和honour作win的賓語(yǔ)，意為“為自己的國(guó)家贏得獎(jiǎng)牌和榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會(huì)”，調(diào)整句子順序，該句應(yīng)譯為“冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)不僅僅是運(yùn)動(dòng)員為自己的國(guó)家贏得獎(jiǎng)牌和榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會(huì)”。故翻譯為：冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)不僅僅是運(yùn)動(dòng)員為自己的國(guó)家贏得獎(jiǎng)牌和榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會(huì)。54.Thatapphasbeendeletedfrommysmartphonealready.(英譯漢)_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】那個(gè)應(yīng)用已經(jīng)從我的智能手機(jī)上刪除了?！驹斘觥靠疾槊~和動(dòng)詞。Thatapp為名詞作主語(yǔ)，意為“那個(gè)應(yīng)用”，hasbeendeleted為句子的謂語(yǔ)，使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，意為“已經(jīng)被刪除”，frommysmartphone為介詞短語(yǔ)，mysmartphone作介詞from的賓語(yǔ)，意為“從我的智能手機(jī)上”，already為副詞，意為“已經(jīng)”，調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，該句翻譯為“那個(gè)應(yīng)用已經(jīng)從我的智能手機(jī)上刪除了”。故翻譯為：那個(gè)應(yīng)用已經(jīng)從我的智能手機(jī)上刪除了。55.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.(英譯漢)_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】只有當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)與自然和諧相處時(shí)，我們才能停止對(duì)野生動(dòng)物和地球的威脅?！驹斘觥靠疾椴糠值寡b和固定短語(yǔ)?！皁nly+狀語(yǔ)從句”從句置于句首時(shí)，主句進(jìn)行部分倒裝，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can提至主語(yǔ)之前，learntodosth.“學(xué)會(huì)做某事”，existinharmonywithnature“與自然和諧共處”，stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”，athreattowildlifeandtoourplanet“對(duì)野生動(dòng)物和地球的威脅”。綜上故翻譯為：只有當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)與自然和諧相處時(shí)，我們才能停止對(duì)野生動(dòng)物和地球的威脅。56.Youcanthenspendthreedaysexploringtherainforestwithalocalguideandenjoyingtheplantsandanimalsuniquetotherainforest.（英譯漢）_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】在接下來(lái)的三天里，您可以在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的陪同下，深入雨林進(jìn)行探索，欣賞雨林獨(dú)有的動(dòng)植物?！驹斘觥靠疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)是you,謂語(yǔ)為canspend,非謂語(yǔ)exploring和enjoying并列；uniquetotherainforest雨林獨(dú)有的，作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞animals。結(jié)合句意，故答案為在接下來(lái)的三天里，您可以在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的陪同下，深入雨林進(jìn)行探索，欣賞雨林獨(dú)有的動(dòng)植物。第三節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PopulartouristdestinationsincludetheZhongshanWalkingStreet,famousfor____57____(it)foodandshopping,andtheIslandRingRoad,____58____touristscancycleonthe43-kmbikepaththatrunsalongtheseaside.OtherfamoussitesaretheNanputuoTemple____59____theXiamenBotanicalGarden(植物園)____60____ismade