Unit 6 Topic 2-八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)單元速記必背清單（仁愛(ài)科普版）

PAGE1Unit6EnjoyCyclingTopic2HowaboutexploringTian’anmenSquare?Unit6Topic2話題詞匯動(dòng)詞類(lèi)step v.踩,走,跨步n.臺(tái)階camp v.野營(yíng),度假receive v.收到，得到explore v.考察,探險(xiǎn),勘察found v.建立，興建；創(chuàng)辦push v.&n.推announce v.宣布,宣告,通知wait v.等，等待名詞類(lèi)bicycle n.自行車(chē)northwest n.西北,西北方,西北地區(qū)west n.西adj.西方的adv.向西crowd n.人群postcard n.明信片tour n.旅游,旅行,觀光,游覽space n.空間；空地experience n.經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)vacation n.假期seaside n.海邊，海濱republic n.共和國(guó)direction n.方向,方位northeast n.東北,東北方,東北地區(qū)east n.東,東方adv.向東,朝東adj.東方的；向東的；東部的north n.北；北方chairman n.主席，主持人rostrum n.指揮臺(tái)monument n.紀(jì)念碑(館堂像等)southeast n.東南,東南方,東南地區(qū)形容詞&副詞類(lèi)everywhere adv.處處,到處,各個(gè)地方slowly adv.慢速地,緩慢地sadly adv.悲傷地，傷心地meaningful adj.重要的,重大的memorial adj.紀(jì)念的；悼念的beside prep.在……旁邊重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)bebusydoingsth. 忙于做某事makeaplantodosth. 制訂計(jì)劃做某事preparefor 準(zhǔn)備onvacation 度假workout 算出;制定;完成bemeaningfulto… 對(duì)……意義重大的inthecenterof… 在……中央can'twaittodosth. 迫不及待做某事befullof… 充滿……，裝滿……besurprisedat… 對(duì)……感到驚訝inalldirections 向四面八方stepon 踩在······上push…out 推開(kāi),擠出……too…to… 太……而不能……assoonas 一……就……befamousfor... 以······著名can'thelpdoingsth. 忍不住做某事havefun(in)doingsth. 在做某事中獲得樂(lè)趣；愉快地做某事asksb.forhelp 向某人尋求幫助重點(diǎn)句型1. WhileyouwereenjoyingyourtriptoMountTai,Iwasbusypreparingformyexams. 當(dāng)你們享受泰山旅游之樂(lè)時(shí)，我正忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。2. I'dlikeyoutomeethimwithmewhenhearrives. 當(dāng)他來(lái)的時(shí)候,我想帶你一起去見(jiàn)他。3. WouldyouhelpmemakeaplantoexploreBeijingbeforehecomes? 在他來(lái)之前，你能幫我制定一個(gè)考察北京的計(jì)劃嗎?4. Thatwouldbeveryinteresting. 那一定很有趣。5. Ican'twaittoseeit. 我迫不及待想看到它了。6. Itcanholdonemillionpeople. 它可以容納100萬(wàn)人。7. Bytheway,howfarisitfromheretoTian’anmenSquare? 順便問(wèn)一下，從這兒到天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)有多遠(yuǎn)？8. It'saboutoneandahalfhoursbybike. 騎自行車(chē)大約一個(gè)半小時(shí)。9. Astheywereexploringhappily,moreandmorepeoplecametothesquare. 當(dāng)他們興致勃勃地探索時(shí)，越來(lái)越多的人來(lái)到了廣場(chǎng)。10. Hewastooworriedtothinkaboutwhattodo. 他太著急了,想不到該怎么辦。11. Hedidn'traisehisheaduntilsomeonecalledhim. 直到有人叫他,他才抬起頭。12. Assoonasthethreeboyssaweachother,theyalljumpedaroundhappily. 三個(gè)男孩一見(jiàn)面，就高興得跳起來(lái)了。13. It'sfamousforbeautifulmountains,forestsandlakes. 它以美麗的山川、森林、湖泊而出名。14. Theywereverycuteandwecouldn'thelpwatchingthem. 它們很可愛(ài)，我們?nèi)滩蛔∮^看起它們來(lái)。15. Whilewewerehavingfunexploring,IfoundthatDarrenwaslost. 正當(dāng)我們興致勃勃地考察時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)達(dá)倫不見(jiàn)了。語(yǔ)法時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句【考點(diǎn)1】WhileyouwereenjoyingyourtriptoMountTai,Iwasbusypreparingformyexams.當(dāng)你們享受泰山旅游之樂(lè)時(shí)，我正忙著準(zhǔn)備考試?！驹斀狻?1)while在此引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，側(cè)重于表示主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：Whilemyfatherwasreadingnewspaper,mymotherwascooking.當(dāng)我父親在看報(bào)紙時(shí)，我母親在煮飯。(2)bebusydoingsth.意為“忙于做某事”。如:Nicoleisbusymakingamodelplane.尼克爾正忙于做模型飛機(jī)。(3)preparefor(doing)sth.意為“準(zhǔn)備(做)某事”。如:Thestudentsarebusypreparingfor(goingfor)atrip.學(xué)生們正在為旅行做準(zhǔn)備?！镜淅?.MissZhangistalkingwithanotherteacher_____Tomisstandingbehindher.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.after2.Thefarmers_____________________（忙著收割）inthefield.【參考答案】1.B2.arebusyharvesting【考點(diǎn)2】It'saboutoneandahalfhoursbybike.騎自行車(chē)大約一個(gè)半小時(shí)?！驹斀狻?1)這是表示路程的表達(dá)法。路程表達(dá)法可以采取兩種表達(dá)方式：①用長(zhǎng)度單位表達(dá)。如：It's1,000kilometersawayfromShanghai.這兒離上海有1000千米。②用時(shí)間表達(dá)。如：It'sabouttwentyminutes'walkfrommyhometomyschool.從我家到學(xué)校步行大約需要20分鐘?！就卣埂繉?duì)路程進(jìn)行提問(wèn)用Howfarisit(from…to…)?從…到…有多遠(yuǎn)？對(duì)長(zhǎng)度進(jìn)行提問(wèn)用Howlong……？……多長(zhǎng)？(2)oneandahalfhours意為“一個(gè)半小時(shí)”,還可表示為onehourandahalf?！炬溄印縯woorthree意為“兩三個(gè)”;threeorfour意為“三四個(gè)”。如:Thereareabouttwoorthreestudentsintheroom.室內(nèi)大約有兩三個(gè)學(xué)生?！镜淅?.Ittookus_____tofinishthenewresearchwork?A.threehourandahalfB.threeandahalfhourC.threeandhalfhoursD.threeandahalfhours2.—_____istheriver?—Aboutthreemeters.A.HowlongB.HowwideC.HowfarD.Howmuch【參考答案】1.D2.A【考點(diǎn)3】TheChairmanMaoMemorialHallliestothesoutheastoftheGreatHallofthePeoplewhileitliestothesouthwestoftheNationalMuseum.毛主席紀(jì)念堂位于人民大會(huì)堂東南端，國(guó)家博物館西南端。【詳解】(1)lie做動(dòng)詞，在此意為“(用來(lái)表明地理位置)位于”,動(dòng)名詞形式為lying,過(guò)去式為lay。如:Betweenourschoolandthebankliesasupermarket.我們的學(xué)校和銀行之間有一家超市?！炬溄印竣賚ie作為動(dòng)詞還意為“躺，平臥”，其動(dòng)名詞形式為lying,過(guò)去式為lay。如:Thebabywaslyingonthebedwithoutcrying.那個(gè)嬰兒躺在床上，不哭不鬧。②lie意為“撒謊”時(shí)，既可作動(dòng)詞，亦可作名詞。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，lie的動(dòng)名詞形式為lying，過(guò)去式為lied。如:Theboyliedtohisteacheragainyesterday.昨天,那個(gè)男孩又向他的老師撒謊了?！就卣埂縧ayv.意為“產(chǎn)卵,下蛋”。其動(dòng)名詞形式為laying,過(guò)去式為laid。如:Thehenlaid6eggslastweek.那只母雞上星期下了6枚蛋。(2)tothe+方位名詞+of...指互不接壤且互不管轄的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。如：Taiwanlies/istothesoutheastofFujian.臺(tái)灣位于福建的東南部。【鏈接】①inthe+方位名詞+of…指在某一范圍之內(nèi)的地區(qū)。如：Chinalies/isintheeastofAsia.中國(guó)位于亞洲東部。②onthe+方位名詞+of…指相互接壤但互不管轄的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。如：NorthKoreaisonthenortheastofChina.朝鮮在中國(guó)的東北面?！镜淅?.Hengyangis_____(in/on/to)thesouthofHunan.2.JimandIareneighbors.Hishouseis_____(in/on/to)thewestofmine.3.Ifoundwallet______(lie)onthegroundwhenIwalkedonstreet.【參考答案】1.A2.on3.lying【考點(diǎn)4】WhilethecrowdwaspushingDarreninalldirections,someonesteppedonhisfeet.當(dāng)人群從四面八方擠來(lái)時(shí)，有人踩了達(dá)倫的腳。【詳解】(1)push意為“推”,反義詞pull意為“拉”。如:PushhardwhenItellyouto.我叫你推時(shí),你就使勁推。(2)direction意為“方向,方位”,經(jīng)常和in搭配。常用搭配有:inthedirectionof朝著??方向。如:TomandhisfriendsstartedoffinthedirectionofTian'anmenSquare.湯姆和他的朋友們朝天安門(mén)的方向出發(fā)了。(3)steponone'sfeet意為“踩了某人的腳”。如:ThereissomeonesteppingonMona'sfeetinthecrowdedsupermarket.在擁擠的超市，有人踩了莫娜的腳?！就卣埂縮teponto/offabus上/下公共汽車(chē);stepbystep一步一步地。step還可以做名詞,意為“步履”。如:Laurarushedoutoftheclassroomwithaquickstepwhensheheardthebadnews.勞拉聽(tīng)到那個(gè)壞消息時(shí)快速地沖出教室。【典例】1.Therecomesalion.Thesheepbegintorun__________________.那里來(lái)了一頭獅子，羊群開(kāi)始向四面八方逃竄。【參考答案】1.inalldirections【考點(diǎn)5】WhenDarrenfinallypushedhiswayout,hecouldn'tfindhisfriends.當(dāng)達(dá)倫最終擠出人群的時(shí)候，他找不到他的朋友們了。【詳解】pushone'sway意為“擠出去”。如:Bettytriedtopushherwayoutofthecrowd,butshefailed.貝蒂嘗試著擠出人群,但失敗了?！镜淅?.WhenMary________________________fromthecrowed,shefoundthatherpursewaslost.【參考答案】1.putherwayout【考點(diǎn)6】Hisheartwasbeatingfast.他的心跳得很快?！驹斀狻縝eat在此處意為“跳動(dòng)”，亦有“敲打”之意，表示連續(xù)不斷的動(dòng)作。如：WhenitwasMaria'sturntogiveaspeech,herheartbeatfast.輪到瑪莉亞演講時(shí)，她的心跳得很快?！就卣埂縝eat還有“打敗(某人)”之意，其搭配為beatsb.(atsth.)在(某事)中打敗某人。如:beatsb.athisowngame打敗某人的強(qiáng)項(xiàng);beatsb./sth.off擊退;驅(qū)走某人/某事【典例】1.Eileen_______allotherplayersatthechess.艾琳下棋打敗了其他所有對(duì)手。2.Thebravesoldier_______theenemies______.這些勇敢的士兵擊退了敵人?！緟⒖即鸢浮?.beat2.beat【考點(diǎn)7】Theywereverycuteandwecouldn'thelpwatchingthem.它們很可愛(ài),我們?nèi)滩蛔∮^看起它們來(lái)。【詳解】can'thelpdoingsth.意為“禁不住/忍不住做某事”。如:【鏈接】helpsb.(to)dosth./helpsb.withsth.意為“幫助某人做某事”?！镜淅?.WhenJaneheardthenews,shecouldn'thelp_______(cry).2.—I'msorry,Ican'thelp_______(carry)thedesk.Myhandhurts.—Itdoesn'tmatter.Youmusttakecareofyourselffirst.【參考答案】1.crying2.carry【考點(diǎn)8】Whilewewerehavingfunexploring,IfoundthatDarrenwaslost.正當(dāng)我們興致勃勃地考察時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)達(dá)倫不見(jiàn)了?！驹斀狻縣avefun(in)doingsth.意為“從某事中獲得樂(lè)趣；愉快地做某事”。如：Look!Eveishavingfun(in)playingbasketballwithherfriends.看！伊夫正和她的朋友打籃球打得很開(kāi)心?！镜淅?.Thechildrenlikesoccerbecausetheycanhavegreatfun_______(play)it.【參考答案】1.playing【考點(diǎn)】時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句【點(diǎn)撥】(1)引導(dǎo)詞①when,while,as這三個(gè)詞都是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)意為“當(dāng)??時(shí)候”，并與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，三者可以互換，但含義和用法上有所區(qū)別。when意為“當(dāng)??時(shí)候”(相當(dāng)于atthattime),可與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或短暫性動(dòng)詞連用，既可指某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，也可指某一段時(shí)間，主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作可同時(shí)發(fā)生或從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。while意為“當(dāng)??時(shí)候”時(shí)，作從屬連詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間，只與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，側(cè)重于表示主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；意為“然而”時(shí)，為并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列句。as意為“一邊??一邊??”，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，側(cè)重于表示主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)伴隨狀態(tài)。如：TonywaswatchingTVwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.當(dāng)有人敲門(mén)時(shí)，托尼正在看電視。Don'ttalkwhiletheteacheriswritingontheblackboard.當(dāng)老師在黑板上寫(xiě)字時(shí)不要講話。JanewaslisteningtomusicwhileLilywasdancing.莉莉在跳舞時(shí)，詹妮在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。Johnlikesreadingashewalks.約翰喜歡一邊走路一邊看書(shū)。when和while有時(shí)可以互換。如:湯姆在玩電腦游戲時(shí)，他的父親進(jìn)來(lái)了。Tomwasplayingcomputergameswhenhisfathercamein.WhileTomwasplayingcomputergames,hisfathercamein.②until,not…until…until意為“直到??為止”，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。not…until…意為“直到……才……”,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用短暫性動(dòng)詞。如：Jennywon'tgountilalltheotherstudentsleavetheclassroom.詹妮會(huì)等到其他所有學(xué)生離開(kāi)教室后才會(huì)走。③after,before,assoonasafter意為“在······之后”,引導(dǎo)從句表示:主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。before意為“在······之前”,引導(dǎo)的從句表示：主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。assoonas意為“一……就……”,引導(dǎo)的從句表示從句動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句動(dòng)作隨即就發(fā)生。如：Dennywentbackhomeafterhefinishedcleaningtheclassroom.=Dennyfinishedcleaningtheclassroombeforehewentbackhome.=Dennydidn'tgobackhomeuntilhefinishedcleaningtheclassroom.丹尼打掃完教室后才回家。Assoonastheheavyrainstops,thestudentswillgohome.大雨一停，學(xué)生們就會(huì)回家。(2)時(shí)態(tài)①當(dāng)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句常用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如：WhileTinawascleaningtheroom,Mr.Brownpassedby.當(dāng)?shù)倌仍诖驋叻块g時(shí)，布朗先生剛好經(jīng)過(guò)。②當(dāng)主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，即主將從現(xiàn)原則。如：Rosewillvisitherfriendassoonasshearrivesthere.羅斯一到那兒就要去看她的朋友?！镜淅恳弧雾?xiàng)選擇1．JennyandJaneweretalkinginthelivingroom_______Iwaslisteningtomusic.A．while B．until C．if2．Sam’sparentsaretalkinginthekitchen______Samispackingforatrip.A．before B．while C．a(chǎn)fter3．Hedidn’tgotobed________hefinishedhishomeworklastnight.A．because B．until C．when4．I’llgotovisitmyauntinEngland_________thesummerholidaystarts.A．while B．a(chǎn)ssoonas C．until5．—I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend. —________youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?A．Because B．If C．After6．I’mgoingtobeanartist________Igrowup.A．what B．when C．where7．________Iwasalittleboy,mymothertoldmethestoryofChang’e.A．Since B．When C．After D．Because8．Topreventthedisease,weshouldwashhandsmorecarefullywehavemeals.A．before B．a(chǎn)fter C．until9．—Mum,Iwillkeeponmydream________Imakeitcometrue. —Goodboy!Ibelieveyouwillbesuccessful.A．until B．because C．a(chǎn)lthough10．AttheNewYearparty,Lucywassinging________Lilywasdancing.A．when B．while C．a(chǎn)fter【參考答案】1．A【詳解】句意：我在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)的時(shí)候，珍妮和簡(jiǎn)正在客廳里聊天?？疾閺膶龠B詞。while當(dāng)……時(shí)；until直到；if如果。根據(jù)“JennyandJaneweretalking...”和“Iwaslisteningtomusic”可知，兩件事情同時(shí)進(jìn)行。while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的。故選A。2．B【詳解】句意：薩姆在收拾行李準(zhǔn)備旅行時(shí)，他的父母正在廚房里聊天?？疾閺膶龠B詞辨析。before在……以前；while當(dāng)……時(shí)；after在……之后。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前后兩個(gè)句子均為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，應(yīng)用while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。故選B。3．B【詳解】句