課件英語選擇性必修三Unit3Usinglanguage

Unit3WarandpeaceUsinglanguageSubject-verbagreement(1)BYMICHELLEGrammar01Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.Inwhichsentencedoestheword“enemy”refertodifferentmembers?Isitfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?aYourenemy

iswelltrained,wellequippedandbattle-hardened…bTheenemy

werehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers…c…people

were

comingtogetherformemorialceremonies.Insentence(b),theword“enemy”referstodifferentmembers.Itisfollowedbyapluralverb.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.aYourenemy

iswelltrained,wellequippedandbattle-hardened…bTheenemy

werehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers…c…people

were

comingtogetherformemorialceremonies.Inwhichsentencedoestheword“enemy”refertoasingleunit?Isitfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Doyouknowanyothersimilarnouns?Insentence(a),theword“enemy”referstoasingleunit.Itisfollowedbyasingularverb.Othersimilarnounsarefamily,team,class,crowd,government,etc.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.Istheword“people”usuallyfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Doyouknowanyothersimilarnouns?aYourenemy

iswelltrained,wellequippedandbattle-hardened…bTheenemy

werehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers…c…people

were

comingtogetherformemorialceremonies.Theword“people”isusuallyfollowedbyapluralverb.Othersimilarnounsarepolice,cattle,etc.Nowlookformoresentencesfollowingthisruleinthereadingpassage,andsummariestheuseofsubject-verbagreementinyourownwords.Meanwhile,thousands

morewerejourneyingacrosstheEnglish

ChanneltoNormandy.thousandsmore在這里指的是上文提到的成千上萬的士兵，故謂語動詞用復數。Theirobjectivewasclear:toreachtheNormandybeachesalongabout80kilometresofFrenchcoastline.指所有人的共同目標Twowerekilled;threewereinjured.指士兵數量BytheendofAugust1944,…PariswasliberatedandtheGermanshadbeenremovedfromnorth-westFrance.指巴黎整體這個城市概念：主謂一致是指謂語動詞在人稱和數上要與主語保持一致。原則：主謂一致主要遵循三個原則，即意義一致原則、語法一致原則和就近一致原則。意義一致原則是指從意義層面上來解決主謂一致問題。有時主語形式是單數，但表達復數意義，那么謂語動詞要用復數形式；而有時主語形式是復數，但表達單數意義，那么謂語動詞要用單數形式。Collectivenounsarenamesforacollectionoranumberofpeopleorthings.集體名詞表示由個體組成的集體，指一群人或某一事物的總稱。Whatarecollectivenouns?集體名詞作主語時謂語的單復數問題，可以歸納為三類：有的集體名詞通常表示復數含義，作主語時謂語常用復數形式，比如police,people,cattle等。

Thepolicewere

afterhim.

Peoplearebeginningtotalkabouther.

Cattle

feedongrass.2.有的集體名詞通常只用作不可數名詞，表示單數意義，用作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式，比如clothing,baggage,poetry,luggage,furniture,machinery,scenery,jewellery,equipment等。

Ourclothing

protectsusagainstthecold.Alltheirluggagewasstolen.Thefurniture

isconvenienttomove.AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.3.有的集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數形式，也可用復數形式。若視為整體，謂語動詞用單數形式；強調集體中各個成員時，謂語動詞用復數；比如family,team,class,crowd,government,staff,club,committee,audience,public等。Herfamily

isalargeone.Herfamily

arealltall.Theteam

isthebestintheleague.Thefootballteam

arehavingameeting.在有些特定語境下，集體名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數形式、復數形式均可。Theaudiencewas/wereveryexcitedbytheshow.Thepublichas/havearighttoknowwhatisinthereport.Translation警察在追捕他。Thepoliceareafterhim.人們開始談論她。Peoplearebeginningtotalkabouther.牛以草為食。Cattlefeedongrass.我們的衣服(clothing)可以御寒。Ourclothingprotectsusagainstthecold.他們所有的行李都被偷了。Alltheirluggagewasstolen.Translation她的家庭是一個大家族。Herfamilyisalargeone.她的家人都很高。Herfamilyarealltall.這個隊是聯(lián)賽中最好的。Theteamisthebestintheleague.足球隊隊員們正在開會。Thefootballteamarehavingameeting.觀眾對演出甚感激動。Theaudiencewas/were

veryexcitedbytheshow.公眾有權知道這篇報告的內容。Thepublichas/have

arighttoknowwhatisthereport.Correctanymistakesinthesesentencesorputa√inthesquarebracketsiftheyarecorrect.are√

isuniforms√

isCompletethefilmreviewwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.killsdecidesisareloveWriteashortreviewofafilmyouhaveseenonthethemeofwar.Payattentiontosubject-verbagreement.SacrificeTheEightHundredAssemblyAssembly

openswithasmoke-filled，bullet-riddenscenethatseemstograbtheaudience’sbreathateveryturn.Whilewaitingfortherallycalltobesounded，GuZidiandhisbrothersfightbravelyagainsttheenemy，finallyleavinghimalone.Thefirsthalfofthestoryisawonderfulcombinationofintensebattlescenesandthesecondhalfofthestoryisawonderfulcombinationofthemindsofthosereturningfromthebattlefield. Listening&Speaking02TheroadtopeaceDidYouKnow?AmongthemanyhorrorsinflictedonhumanitybytheSecondWorldWarwasthemassivebombingofcivilians,oftenreferredtoas“terrorbombing”.Thepurposeofdoingthiswastodestroythemoraleofordinarypeopleandstopthemfromsupportingthewareffort.TheJapaneseusedterrorbombinginChina,especiallyinChongqing,whichtheybombedmorethan200timesoverthedurationoffiveandahalfyears(1938-1943),killingthousandsofChinesecivilians.??Listentotheinterviewandanswerthequestions.1

Whoisbeinginterviewed?2

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwointerviewees?3

Whataretheytalkingabout?

GaoMingandGaoLi.Brotherandsister.Theyaretalkingaboutthefive-yearterrorbombingcampaignbyJapaneseforcesinChongqingduringtheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression.FirstmemoriesoftheChongqingbombing?GaoLi：1

yearsold；remembersthehouse2

andsaw3__________________

GaoMing：4

yearsold；thefirstthingherememberswas5

；wentoutonthestreet6

；firstfeltfascinatedthen7_______________

Themostterribleexperience?GaoLi：happenedon8

；stayedin9

andwaitedfor10______

inthere；housedestroyedand11

killedInfluenceofbombing?GaoMing：feltsadbutbombingdidn’tdestroy12___________________

GaoLi：13

soldierswenttothefront；Chongqingbecameknownasthe14_______________

Remembrancetoday?GaoMing：theairraidwarningmourns

15

，andremindsusto16____________________________________

??Listenagainandcompletetheinterviewer’snotes.eight/8shookfiresinthedistanceeleven/11thebombingplanestowatchscared5June1941thebasementfivehoursover4，000peopleourfightingspiritaround960，000ofthecity’s“cityofheroes”thosewelostcherishthepeaceweenjoytoday Completetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheinterview.Expressingsympathy

TalkingaboutmemoriesThatmustbeterriblefor…Icanonlyimaginehowitmusthavefelt.I’msorrytohearthat.Ifeelsadfor…Iremember…ThefirstthingIrememberwas…I’llneverforget…VocabularyBuilding03ReadtheintroductiontoUNpeacekeepingandanswerthequestions.Payattentiontothewordsandexpressionsinbold.Thecrueltyofwarisreasonenoughtodoeverythingwecantopreventit.ThisisthemotivationbehindtheUnitedNation’smanypeacekeepingmissions.Peacekeepers

monitor

thepeaceprocessinareasthathaveexperiencedfriction

andcivilwars，makingsurethatpreviously

warringpartieskeepto

theiragreements.Theyworktodisarm

combatants

andtosecureweaponsandammunition，removingthemfromuse.Thesemeasuresaimtogivestability

toconflictzonesandallowgovernmentstoreestablishauthority.Chinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantrolein

UNpeacekeepingandithastrained8，000troopswhoarekeptonstandbyforUNmissions.Chinesepeacekeepingforcesarehighly-valued

inconflictzonesandhavereceivedpraisefortheirprofessionalism

.1

Whatisthesignificanceo