英語(yǔ)高考創(chuàng)新備考講義必修一Module5

Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞—識(shí)記·聯(lián)想·運(yùn)用[會(huì)書(shū)寫]一、核心單詞1.substancen.物質(zhì)2.stagen.階段；時(shí)期3.ordinaryadj.普通的；平常的4.formvi.形成5.facilityn.(常作復(fù)數(shù))設(shè)備；工具6.departmentn.(大學(xué)的)科、系二、閱讀單詞1.liquidn.液體2.oxygenn.氧氣3.partialadj.部分的；局部的4.boilvt.煮；煮沸5.steamn.蒸汽；水氣6.floatvi.漂浮7.dissolvevi.溶解；分解；分離8.flamen.火焰三、拓展單詞1.astonishedadj.吃驚的；驚愕的→astonishingadj.令人吃驚的→astonishvt.使吃驚→astonishmentn.驚奇2.aimn.目標(biāo)；目的→aimlessadj.無(wú)目標(biāo)的3.expandvi.膨脹→expansionn.膨脹；擴(kuò)大→(反義詞)contractvi.收縮4.lecturen.演講→lecturern.演講者5.mixturen.混合物→mixv.(使)混合6.electricityn.電→electricadj.電的；用電的→electricaladj.與電有關(guān)的；電氣化的→electronicadj.電子的7.conclusionn.結(jié)論→concludevt.得出結(jié)論8.reactvi.(化學(xué))反應(yīng)→reactionn.反應(yīng)9.balancen.天平；平衡→balancedadj.平衡的10.equipmentn.設(shè)備；裝備→equipvt.裝備；配備[會(huì)積累]1.來(lái)“電”直播①electricityn.電，電流②electricadj.電的，電動(dòng)的③electricaladj.有關(guān)電的④electronicadj.電子的⑤electricsn.電路⑥electriciann.電工，電學(xué)家2.－ure結(jié)尾高頻名詞小結(jié)①pressure壓力②pleasure樂(lè)事；快樂(lè)③exposure暴露；揭發(fā)④failure失?、輒ixture混合物⑥signature簽名3.“擴(kuò)展”動(dòng)詞全接觸①expand擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)張②enlarge擴(kuò)大③spread擴(kuò)展；蔓延④prolong延長(zhǎng)⑤extend延伸；延續(xù)4.由liquid想到的①fluidn.流體②solidn.固體③gasn.氣體；燃?xì)猗躶teamn.水蒸氣⑤semiliquidn.半流體[會(huì)應(yīng)用]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Ourchemistryteachermixedsomeliquidsintothewaterandthemixturetastedveryterrible.(mix)2.Theschoolhasbeenrebuiltanditiswellequipped.Muchmoneyhasbeenspentontheofficeequipment.(equip)3.Moreandmorepeoplehaveetobeawareofthefactthattheyshouldhaveabalanced(balance)dietandgivethemselvesroomintheirdailylifefornecessaryexercise.4.Ifyouplaywithelectricity,__youmaygetanelectricshock.(electrical)5.Inmyopinion,eachofusshouldhaveanaimofourown.Butsomeofusleadanaimlesslifeeveryday.(aim)6.Theconclusion(conclude),Ithink,hedrewfromhissimpleexperimentisnotscientific.7.Thischemicalclassisaboutthereactionofmetalswithoxygenandourteachershowsushowironreactswithairandwater.(react)8.Toourastonishment,__thefamousstardied.That’stosay,wewereastonishedatthenewsofhersuddendeath,anditwasreallyastonishing.(astonish)Ⅱ.核心短語(yǔ)—識(shí)記·聯(lián)想·運(yùn)用[會(huì)書(shū)寫]1.keep__out__of使不進(jìn)入；避開(kāi)(某事)2.add...to...往……加入……3.react__with與……起反應(yīng)4.put...in__order把……按順序排列5.used__to過(guò)去(常常)……6.be__proud__of為……感到驕傲/自豪7.atthetop/bottom在頂/底部8.findout發(fā)現(xiàn)；查清9.goahead請(qǐng)做；進(jìn)行；發(fā)生10.intheareaof在……領(lǐng)域11.besupposedto應(yīng)當(dāng)；理應(yīng)[會(huì)積累]1.order相關(guān)短語(yǔ)大全①put...inorder把……按順序排列②inorder按順序③ingoodorder秩序井然④inorderof按……順序⑤outoforder無(wú)序的2.“榮耀”家族①takepridein為……感到驕傲/自豪②beproudtodosth因做……而自豪③beproudof為……感到驕傲/自豪[會(huì)應(yīng)用]選用上表左欄短語(yǔ)填空1.Sarahfeltlikecryingwhenshefound__outthatshehadbeenchattingonlinewithaboystudentofhersameclass.2.WhenIwaslittle,mymotherused__tositbymybed,tellingmestoriestillIfellasleep.3paredwiththeescapeddriver,Iam__proud__ofwhatIdid.4.Weare__supposed__topreventthefactoryfrompouringwastewaterintorivers.5.Themotheroftentellshersontobeagoodboy,warninghimtokeep__out__oftrouble.6.WeChineseareproudofthegreatsuccessin__the__area__ofscienceandtechnology.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式—分析·背誦·仿寫句型公式1：“the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“越……，就越……”。[教材原句]Thecloseryouare,themoreyou’llsee.你離得越近，看到的就越多。[句型仿寫]The__moreyoupracticesomething,the__betteratityouwillbee.你練得越多，你就會(huì)越擅長(zhǎng)它。句型公式2：Itis＋形容詞/名詞＋不定式，it為形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)為真正的主語(yǔ)。[教材原句]Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很難想象一個(gè)沒(méi)有金屬的世界。[句型仿寫]Ifyouareunsurewhattodo,it__is__wise__to__rememberthesaying“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”(2018·北京東城一模·滿分作文)如果你不確定做什么，明智的做法是記住這個(gè)諺語(yǔ)：入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。句型公式3：here置于句首且句中主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，用倒裝語(yǔ)序。[教材原句]Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.下面是一個(gè)表格，列于頂部的金屬反應(yīng)最強(qiáng)烈，底部的則最弱。[句型仿寫]Quick,here__es__the__bus.Haveyougottherightmoney?快，公交車來(lái)了。準(zhǔn)備好錢了嗎？Ⅳ.語(yǔ)段改錯(cuò)—回顧·修正·熱誦根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，對(duì)下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowwhattheyreactwithdifferentsubstances.Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancecanbeputinorder.Belowisdescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.Thefirstlystepisthatweputsomeironnailsatthebottomofatesttubeandpushsomecottonwooldownthetube.Afteroneweek,thenailshavenotrust.Sowecandrewaconclusionthatirondoesnotrustindryair.Thesecondstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandboilthewaterforthreeminutestomakesureofthatthereisnoairinthewater.Leavethetubeforoneweekoryouwillfindthenailsdonotrustinair－freewater.Sowecandrawaconclusionthatirondoesnotrustinair－freewater.Thethirdstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandleavethetubesforoneweekuntilwefindthenailsrustinordinarywater.Soourconclusionisthatironrustinordinarywater.答案Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknoweq\f(what,how)theyreactwithdifferentsubstances.Thereactionofmetalswiththeseeq\f(substance,substances)canbeputinorder.Belowisdescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.Theeq\f(firstly,first)stepisthatweputsomeironnailsatthebottomofatesttubeandpushsomecottonwooldownthetube.Afteroneweek,thenailshavenoteq\f(rust,rusted).Sowecaneq\f(drew,draw)aconclusionthatirondoesnotrustindryair.Thesecondstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandboilthewaterforthreeminutestomakesureeq\a\vs4\al(of)thatthereisnoairinthewater.Leavethetubeforoneweekeq\f(or,and)youwillfindthenailsdonotrustinair－freewater.Sowecandrawaconclusionthatirondoesnotrustinair－freewater.Thethirdstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandleavetheeq\f(tubes,tube)foroneweekuntilwefindthenailsrustinordinarywater.Soourconclusionisthatironeq\f(rust,rusts)inordinarywater.[核心詞匯]1.conclusionn.結(jié)論；結(jié)束(1)draw/eto/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論makeaconclusion下結(jié)論inconclusion＝toconclude總之；最后(2)concludev.得出結(jié)論；總結(jié)；結(jié)束conclude...with...以……結(jié)束……concludethat...結(jié)論是……①Fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusions(conclude)abouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.從這些事實(shí)我們可以得出一些關(guān)于金字塔是如何建造的結(jié)論。②In__conclusion,__weareveryproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.(2016·北京卷·書(shū)面表達(dá))總之，我們以自己為驕傲，并且堅(jiān)信我們可以為一個(gè)更美好的世界做更多的事。③Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesuretoconclude__it__withimportantpoints.小組討論接近尾聲時(shí)，一定要用幾條要點(diǎn)作為結(jié)束。2.aimn.目標(biāo)；目的(可數(shù)名詞)；瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)(不可數(shù)名詞)v.瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)；目標(biāo)在于；以……為目標(biāo)(1)takeaimat...瞄準(zhǔn)……；對(duì)準(zhǔn)……withtheaimof...目的是……(2)aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在(做)某事aimtodosth目標(biāo)是做某事(3)aimlessadj.無(wú)目標(biāo)的aimlesslyadv.無(wú)目標(biāo)地①Thistripaimsto__give(give)thekidsthereatasteofAmericanculture.(2018·北京西城模擬·滿分作文)這次旅行的目的是讓那里的孩子體味美國(guó)文化。②Theywillstarttheirproject,aiming(aim)athelpingthepoorchildrentobeeducatedinthewestofChina.他們要開(kāi)始他們的計(jì)劃，目的是幫助中國(guó)西部的貧窮孩子接受教育。③Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlessly(aim)norcanwedenyitpletely.(2016·江蘇卷·書(shū)面表達(dá))我們既不該無(wú)目的地信奉網(wǎng)上投票，也不能完全否定它。3.balancen.天平；平衡；剩余；余額v.(使)平衡；權(quán)衡(1)thebalanceofnature自然平衡keep/lose/breakthebalance保持/失去/打破平衡(2)balance...against...把……與……進(jìn)行權(quán)衡(3)balancedadj.平衡的keepabalanceddiet保持飲食均衡①Howimportantandnecessaryforustokeep__the__balance__of__natureandprotecttheenvironment!對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，維持生態(tài)平衡、保護(hù)環(huán)境是多么重要和必要?。、赮ouhavetobalancetheadvantagesoflivinginabigcityagainstthedisadvantages.你必須權(quán)衡住在大城市的利與弊。③Itissaidthatsomewillgetfatiftheydon’thavebreakfast,becausethedietisnotbalanced(balance).(2018·南京模擬·滿分作文)據(jù)說(shuō)如果一些人不吃早飯他們就會(huì)發(fā)胖，因?yàn)轱嬍巢黄胶狻?.reactvi.(化學(xué))反應(yīng)；發(fā)生作用(1)reactto對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)reactwith與……起(化學(xué))反應(yīng)reactagainst反對(duì)；反抗；反叛(2)reactionn.反應(yīng)inreactionto對(duì)……的反應(yīng)①Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances,forexample,waterandoxygen.(教材原句)當(dāng)我們使用金屬時(shí)，懂得它們與其他物質(zhì)比如水和氧氣怎樣發(fā)生反應(yīng)，這是很重要的。②Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.孩子們通常以違背父母意愿的方式來(lái)反抗他們。③Thisproducedachainreaction(react),whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.這就產(chǎn)生了連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命的發(fā)展成為可能。5.usedto過(guò)去(常常)……thereusedtobe...過(guò)去常常有……be/getusedto(doing)sth習(xí)慣(做)某事beusedtodosth被用來(lái)做某事①Heusedto__stay(stay)uplate,butnowheisusedtogoing(go)tobedearly.他以前總是熬夜到很晚，但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)習(xí)慣早睡了。②Thefollowingsimpleexperimentisusedto__separate(separate)differentliquids.下面這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)驗(yàn)被用來(lái)分離不同的液體。[名師指津]usedto的否定形式有兩種：usednotto和didn’tuseto。6.besupposedto應(yīng)當(dāng)；理應(yīng)(1)besupposedtodosth應(yīng)該/理應(yīng)做某事besupposedtobedoingsth應(yīng)當(dāng)/理應(yīng)正在做某事besupposedtohavedonesth本應(yīng)該做某事(實(shí)際未做)(2)supposing/suppose(that)假定/假如……(3)Isupposeso/not.我認(rèn)為是/不是這樣。①I’mgoingtotrytogotoeitherMontrealorOttawaUniversity,asbothare__supposed__to__havegoodPhysicsDepartments.(教材原句)我打算上蒙特利爾大學(xué)或渥太華大學(xué)，因?yàn)檫@兩所大學(xué)應(yīng)該都有很好的物理系。②Thebuswassupposedtoarrivehalfanhourago.→Thebusissupposedtohave__arrived(arrive)halfanhourago.公交車本來(lái)應(yīng)該在半小時(shí)之前到達(dá)的。③Supposing/Suppose(suppose)thatyouarewrong,whatwillyoudothen?假設(shè)你錯(cuò)了，你會(huì)怎么辦？[名師指津]表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事(但未去做)”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：shouldhavedonesth,oughttohavedonesth等。7.add...to...往……加入……(1)addto增加；增添addup把……加起來(lái)addupto合計(jì)達(dá)add(that)...補(bǔ)充說(shuō)……(2)additionn.加；(數(shù))加法；增加inaddition另外inadditionto除……之外①Thedictionaryisoutofdate:manywordshave__been__added(add)tothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.(2016·天津卷·單選)這部詞典過(guò)時(shí)了：自從它出版以來(lái)，這門語(yǔ)言已增添了許多單詞。②Perhapsyouthinkyoucouldeasilyadd__toyourhappinesswithmoremoney.或許你認(rèn)為能很容易用更多的錢來(lái)增加幸福感。③In__addition__togivingageneralintroductiontoputers，thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.課程除了大致介紹電腦知識(shí)外，還提供實(shí)際操作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。[重點(diǎn)句型]1.The__closeryouare,the__moreyou’llsee.你離得越近，看到的就越多?！皌he＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu)的具體用法如下：(1)意為“越……，就越……”，主、從句的兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，表示后面一方隨前面一方程度的變化而變化。(2)從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，第一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)”是表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句(在表示將來(lái)意義時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái))；第二個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)”是主句。(3)本結(jié)構(gòu)可以用省略形式。①Clevermenknowthatthe__moreefforttheymake,the__biggerchancetheywillhavetobesuccessful.(2018·汕頭模擬·滿分作文)聰明的人知道他們?cè)脚?，取得成功的機(jī)會(huì)就越大。②Themore__difficult(difficult)thequestionsare,thelesslikelyheisabletoanswerthem.問(wèn)題越難，他回答出來(lái)的可能性就越小。③Thesooner，the__better.越快越好。2.It__is__hard__to__thinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很難想象一個(gè)沒(méi)有金屬的世界。(1)本句屬于“Itis＋形容詞/名詞＋不定式”句式。其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)是真正的主語(yǔ)。(2)該句型中的不定式前可加邏輯主語(yǔ)for/ofsb。①Itis＋adj.＋forsbtodosth句式中，作表語(yǔ)的形容詞說(shuō)明不定式行為的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)，常見(jiàn)的有easy，important，difficult，possible，necessary等。②Itis＋adj.＋ofsbtodosth句式中，作表語(yǔ)的形容詞說(shuō)明不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)的品行、性格等，常見(jiàn)的有kind，nice，good，stupid，silly，careful，careless等。①Whenitestoadaptation,it__is__important__to__understandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.(2017·江蘇卷)就適應(yīng)而論，重要是理解氣候變化是一個(gè)過(guò)程。②Itisimpossibleforthiscountrytorecoverinashorttimeoverthisfinancialcrisis.經(jīng)歷了這次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，這個(gè)國(guó)家短期內(nèi)恢復(fù)正常是不可能的。③It’s__really__a__pity__to__miss(miss)suchagoodchance.錯(cuò)過(guò)這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)真令人遺憾。[當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Thefirestartedinthebasementandquicklyspreadtothefirstfloorwhereitdestroyedallthefurnitureandequipment(設(shè)備)inthelanguagelab.2.Now,inourcountryfreemedicaltreatmentcoverssicknessofmindaswellasordinary(普通的)sickness.3.Havingfinishedhislecture(演講),theteacheraskedwhetheranyonewishedtoaskaquestion.4.AsfarasIknow,thisisatypeofmusicpopularinthe1950s,amixture(混合物)ofjazzandfolkmusic.5.Badhabits,onceformed(形成),aredifficult,andsometimesimpossibletoshakeoff.6.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity(電),butitmaybesometimebeforethesituationimproves.7.Sheworkedasaclerkinagovernmentdepartment(部門)aftergraduatingfromcollege.8.IamreallyabitworriedbecauseIhavenoideawhatmyparents’reaction(反應(yīng))willbetomypoorexaminationresult.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Whileyoucan’tcontrolhowotherswillreacttoyourembarrassingmoment，youcancontrolhowyouwillreact.2.AsfarasIamconcerned，thegovernmentissupposedto__take(take)effectivemeasurestopreventthehazefromgettingworse.3.Weallknowthatabalanced(balance)dietisofgreatimportancetoourhealth.4.Herastonished(astonish)expressionsuggestedthatshehadn’texpectedthatresult.5.Itwascarelessofhimto__leave(leave)hisumbrellainthestore.6.TheTowerofLondonisthreetimestheheight(high)oftheChurchtower.7.OvertheyearsI’veetotheconclusion(conclude)thatshe’saverygreatmusician.8.Somewerecollectingfirewood,whileotherswerejustaimlessly(aimless)walkingorstandingbytheroad.9.Theblackbabyboyisatthestagewherehecanonlysayafewsimplewordsbutnotyetfullsentences.10.Ms.Li’sbusinessexpanded(expand)veryquickly.Sheopenedherfirststoretwoyearsago;nowshehasfiftystoresalloverthecountry.Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Johnusedtovisitinghisparentsonceaweekwhenheworkedinthecity.visiting→visit__2.Fireworksaddeduptotheattractionofthefestivalnight.去掉up3.Thedoctorthoughtthatwouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.that→it4.Themuchapersonreads,thewiserhewillbee.much→more5.Onethirdofthecountryarecoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensareblackpeople.第一個(gè)are→isⅣ.一句多譯/句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.他們帶著成為團(tuán)隊(duì)里面第一名的目標(biāo)出發(fā)了。(aim)①Theysetoutwith__the__aim__ofbeingnumberoneintheleague.②Theysetoutaiming/aimed__atbeingnumberoneintheleague.③Theysetoutaiming__tobeenumberoneintheleague.2.Ifyoupractisemore,youwillbeemoreskillful.→Themoreyoupractise,themoreskillfulyouwillbee.3.Youareverykindtoreservearoomforme.→Itisverykindofyoutoreservearoomforme.[課下作業(yè)]Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2018·河南六市聯(lián)考)TheLeaningTowerofPisawasasstraightasapolewhentheconstructionstartedin1173.Itbegantoshiftdirectionsoonafterconstructionbecauseofpoorfoundationinadditiontothelooselayerofsubsoil(底土).Atthebeginning，itleanedtothesoutheastbeforetheshakyfoundationstartedtoshiftleaningtowardsthesouthwest.Aftertheperiodofstructuralstrengtheningatthebeginningofthe21stcentury,nowtheLeaningTowerofPisaleansatanangleof3.97degrees.In1178,theshiftindirectionwasobservedforthefirsttimewhentheconstructionhadprogressedfurthertothethirdfloor.Thetowerwasheavyforthethree－meterfoundationthatwasbuiltonaweakareaofland.Forpensating(平衡)theleaningposition，thebuildersstartedtoconstructtheupperfloorswithonesidehigherthantheotherone.Thiscausedthetowertoleanintheotherdirection.Thisunusualstructureledtothetowerbeingactuallycurved.Inspiteoftheseefforts，thetowerkeptonleaning.ThegovernmentofItalystartedtoplanpreventionofthepletecollapseofthetowerin1964.However，arequestwasputforwardbytheauthoritiestokeeptheleaningpositionbecauseofthetourismindustryoftheregion.Afternearlytwodecadesofcarefulplanningbyengineers，historiansandmathematicians,thestablizationeffortsfortheLeaningTowerofPisastartedin1990.Thetowerwasclosedforthegeneralpublicandthepeoplelivingnearbymovedaway.Forreducingthetotalweightofthetower，itssevenbellswhichrepresentedthesevenmusicalnoteswereremoved.ThetowerwasreopenedforthegeneralpubliconDecember15，2001.InMay2008,afterremovinganother70metrictonsofearth，theengineersannouncedthatthetowerhadbeenfinallystabilizedanditwouldremainstableforatleast200years.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以時(shí)間為順序介紹了比薩斜塔傾斜的原因以及相關(guān)人員對(duì)此做出的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。1.WhydidtheLeaningTowerofPisabegintolean?A.Itwastoohighlikeapole.B.Itsfoundationwasfarfromstrong.C.Theworkofrepairwasdelayed.D.Itsfoundationshookbadly.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句Itbegantoshiftdirection...thelooselayerofsubsoil.可知，是因?yàn)榈鼗焕喂碳暗淄翆铀绍洝９蔬xB。]2.WhendidpeoplenoticetheLeaningTowerofPisashiftitsdirection?A.Assoonasitwasconstructed.B.Attheendoftheconstruction.C.Soonaftertheconstruction.D.Inthecourseoftheconstruction.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句In1178...tothethirdfloor.可知，是在修建到第三層的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選D。]3.WhydidtheauthoritiesprefertokeeptheleaningpositionoftheLeaningTowerofPisa?A.Theywantedtoattractmoretourists.B.Theylackedfundsthen.C.Itwasamissionimpossibletomakethetowerup－straight.D.Theywereshortofengineers,historiansandmathematicians.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第二句However，arequestwas...theregion.可知，此舉是出于對(duì)發(fā)展當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)的考慮。故選A。]4.Whichofthefollowingistherightorderaccordingtothispassage?a.Peoplenoticedthetowerbegantoshiftitsdirection.b.TheLeaningTowerofPisawasrepairedforthefirsttime.c.TheLeaningTowerofPisawasbuilt.d.Thetowerwasopenedtothevisitorsagain.A.c，d，a，b B.a，d，c，bC.c，a，b，d D.d，b，c，a答案C[細(xì)節(jié)排序題。通讀全文可知，1173年開(kāi)始修建比薩斜塔(c)，1178年人們注意到比薩斜塔開(kāi)始傾斜(a)，1990年人們開(kāi)始對(duì)比薩斜塔進(jìn)行維修(b)，2001年比薩斜塔再次對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放(d)。故選C。]Ⅱ.七選五(2018·湖北八校聯(lián)考)Whenitestorumorsandgossip,everyonecanbefairgame.__1__Andthensuddenly,itcanpossiblybeyourturntobethetarget.So,howcanyoudealwithitinawaythatwon’tmakethesituationworse?Trytounderstandwhereit’singfrom,andwhyIfyoucan,figureoutwhostartedtherumor.Istherumormeanttohurtyou，orisitjustacaseofmisinformation?Issomeonetryingtogetbackatyouforsomething？__2__Therefore,youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofhowtodealwithit.__3__Identifysomeonewhodidn’tstarttherumorandgethimorheronyourside.Askthispersontostickupforyou,andtellothersinthegroupthattherumorisnottrue，andmostimportantly,veryhurtful.LowerthechancesthatitwillhappenagainFirst,becarefulwithyoursecrets.Second,usethebuddysystem.Ithelpstohaveabestfriendwhoyoucantrusttobeonyoursideandwatchyourbackwhenyouneed.__4__Lastly,doontoothersasyouwouldhavethemdoontoyou.__5__Whenyoukeepyourgossiptoyourself，itisnoteasyforyoutobeaprimetargetforsomebodyseekingtogeteven.A.Don’tspreadrumorsaboutotherpeople，butexplodewithangerwhentheyareaboutyou.B.Dothesameforhimorhertomakesureyourfriendstaysloyal.C.Keepcalmwhenyouaregossipedabout.D.Atonemoment,thebigrumorcanseemtobeaboutsomeoneelse.E.Getsomeoneinthemiddletomakeastand.F.Ifyouhavebeenthevictimofgossipandrumors,youmightwanttogo“aneyeforaneye”.G.Itisimportanttogetthisinformationbeforeyoureacttotherumor.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章就應(yīng)對(duì)流言蜚語(yǔ)提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.D[根據(jù)空格前一句“Whenitestorumorsandgossip，everyonecanbefairgame.”和下一句“Andthensuddenly，itcanpossiblybeyourturntobethetarget.”可知，某天你可能會(huì)突然成為流言蜚語(yǔ)的對(duì)象。D項(xiàng)“有時(shí)，流言蜚語(yǔ)似乎與別人有關(guān)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故D項(xiàng)正確。]2.G[根據(jù)空格下一句“Therefore，youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofhowtodealwithit.”可知，這樣你就會(huì)更清楚該如何處理。G項(xiàng)“在你對(duì)謠言作出反應(yīng)之前，符合語(yǔ)境。故G項(xiàng)正確。]3.E[根據(jù)空格所在的位置可知，空處為該段標(biāo)題；通讀該段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要陳述了解決流言第二個(gè)方法：尋求中間人的支持。E項(xiàng)符合該段主旨，適合做該段標(biāo)題。故E項(xiàng)正確。]4.B[根據(jù)空格前一句“Ithelpstohaveabestfriendwhoyoucantrusttobeonyoursideandwatchyourbackwhenyouneed.”可知，交到一個(gè)信任你、支持你的朋友很重要。B項(xiàng)“給他同樣的支持和信任能讓你的朋友保持忠誠(chéng)”與上文緊密銜接，符合語(yǔ)境。故B項(xiàng)正確。]5.A[根據(jù)空格前一句“Lastly，doontoothersasyouwouldhavethemdoontoyou.”可知，其他人針對(duì)你時(shí)，你應(yīng)該勇于回?fù)?。A項(xiàng)“不要傳播其他人的謠言，但是當(dāng)謠言針對(duì)你時(shí)，你應(yīng)該勃然大怒”是對(duì)前一句的具體舉例說(shuō)明，符合語(yǔ)境。故A項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·湖南六校聯(lián)考)“Iwon’tstoplearningnewthings__1__Idie，”105－year－oldZhaoMuhetolddomesticmedia.Hegothisfirstbachelor’sandmaster’sdegreesinhis__2__，andisnowworkingonhisPhD.Hetraveledtheworldafter__3__andlearnttousetheInternet.Zhao,borninShandongin1912,moved__4__Taiwanat39,andfoundanon－teachingjobatNationalKaohsiungNormalUniversity.Almost30yearslater,heretiredfromtheuniversity.That’s__5__thetimeforpeopletobeginapeacefulbutboringpensioner’slife，__6__withfriendsandlookingaftergrandchildren.__7__thatwasnotforZhao.Hedecidedtogoto__8__university,thistimetostudy.Zhao__9__theNationalOpenUniversityinTaiwanin1999.Hewenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,never__10__asingleclass.Hestudied__11__intothenight,anditonlytookhimfouryearstofinishthe128academic__12__requiredtograduatewithanartsdegree,whichhedidattheageof91.Severalyearslater,Zhaodecidedto__13__hisstudies.HepassedtheentranceexaminationforNanhuaUniversityinTaiwanandgota__14__inphilosophytwoyearslater.HeisnowattendingclassesatNationalTsingHuaUniversityinTaiwan__15__hepreparestoearnadoctoratedegree.Hethinksit’s__16__toolatetolearn.__17__studying,healsofulfilledhisdreamoftouringtheworld.Nowheislearningtousea__18__.“Internetisnouseforadyingmanlike__19__，bro，”hisfellowpensionersaidhumorouslytohim.“ButI’mstill__20__.”herepliedwithlaughter.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了ZhaoMuhe老人退休后繼續(xù)求學(xué)，取得了學(xué)士、碩士學(xué)位的故事。1.A.because B.ifC.unless D.when答案C[聯(lián)系下文可知，老人癡迷于學(xué)習(xí)，活到老學(xué)到老；由此可推知，此處指老人說(shuō)他不會(huì)停止學(xué)習(xí)，除非他去世。C項(xiàng)意為“除非”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。]2.A.eighties B.twentiesC.thirties D.nineties答案D[根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“graduatewithanartsdegree，whichhedidattheageof91”及下文內(nèi)容可