外研版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第四冊(cè)UNIT5 Period1課件

Period1

Unit5

Intotheunknown主題語(yǔ)境人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)進(jìn)步與人類(lèi)文明1．____v．將……埋在下面2．_____n．運(yùn)河3．____n．殘?jiān)珨啾冢瑥U墟4．_______v．拒絕考慮，否定課時(shí)練案單元詞匯表(Wordsandexpressions)burycanalruindismiss5．_________n．物質(zhì)6．retreatv．_________________7．shrinkv．_________________8．stackv．______________________substance后退；離開(kāi)；退避退縮，畏縮，收縮(使)整齊地堆起；摞起1．Thearrivalof______(canal)wasofgreatvaluetomanyindustries．2．Thegirl______(bury)herfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews．3．Youmustchooseabiggersizebecausethiscloth_______(shrink)inwashing．4．Muchtoourhorror，theearthquakeleftthewholecityin_____(ruin)inashorttime．canalsburiedshrinksruins5．Boredwithsuchmeaninglessconversation，Mary_________(retreat)toherbedroom．6．Theworkerswerebusy________(stack)theshelveswithgoods．7．Thecase_____________(dismiss)onthegroundsthattherewasnotenoughevidence．8．All__________(substance)aremadeofatomswhethertheyaresolid，liquidorgas．retreatedstackingwasdismissedsubstances1．civilise

v．

使文明；使開(kāi)化→civilised

adj．文明的；開(kāi)化的→____________n．文明(社會(huì))2．_________n．天文學(xué)→astronomern．天文學(xué)家→astronomicaladj．天文學(xué)的；天文數(shù)字的3．_______v．離棄，逃離→abandonedadj．被遺棄的4．expandv．?dāng)U大；增加→_________n．?dāng)U大；增加civilisationastronomyabandonexpansion5．investigatev．調(diào)查→_____________n．調(diào)查6．a(chǎn)rchaeologyn．考古學(xué)→archaeologistn．考古學(xué)家→______________

adj．考古學(xué)的；考古的7．notev．注意；留意→_______adj．顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→notablyadv．明顯地；尤其；特別8．drillv．鉆孔，打眼；操練→________n．

鉆探；勘探investigationarchaeologicalnotabledrilling1．Chinese____________(civilise)hasalonghistoryofmorethan5，000years．2．Aftermonthsof________(drill)，oilwasfoundoffthecoast．3．Thereisarapid_________(expand)ofprivatenursinghomecareoverthelastdecade．civilisationdrillingexpansion4．Soontheyreachedan_________(abandon)temple，wherethereoncelivedanoldmonk．5．Theproposednewstructureis_______(note)notonlyforitsheight，butforitsshape．6．Allthe______________(archaeology)projectsfoundplentyofbirdbonesandeventinybonesfromfish．7．Togetmoreevidence，thelawyer____________manywitnesses．After_____________，hegotsomeusefulproof．(investigate)abandonednotablearchaeologicalinvestigatedinvestigation1．____________相當(dāng)于，與……相符2．___________更加3．_______________逃命4．_________調(diào)查，檢查5．_____________試水，試探6．_______動(dòng)身踏上(漫長(zhǎng)的)旅途7．________________積極投入到……中去8．_________調(diào)查(問(wèn)題)correspondtoallthemorerunforone'slifecheckouttestthewaterssetoutthrowoneselfintolookinto1．When___________onalongwalk，pleaseremembertowearsuitableboots．2．Theengineer___________allthemachinesbeforetheywereputtouse．3．Thewrittenrecordofhisconversationdidn't_____________whatwasactuallysaid．4．IdecidedIwantedto_______________inafewdifferentcompaniesbeforedecidingonwhereIwantedtowork．settingoutcheckedoutcorrespondtotestthewaters1．millimetre

n．毫米[聯(lián)想]

①centimetre

n．厘米②kilometre

n．千米，公里2．upwardsadv．向上，朝上[聯(lián)想]

①downwardsadv．向下，朝下②outwardsadv．向外，朝外③backwardsadv．向后，朝后④southwardsadv．向南，朝南詞匯聯(lián)想

由新知聯(lián)想已知3．furthermoreadv．此外；而且；不僅如此[聯(lián)想]

①besidesadv．此外；而且②additionallyadv．此外③moreoveradv．此外，而且④inaddition此外，而且4．substancen．物質(zhì)[聯(lián)想]

mattern．物質(zhì)(總稱)5．holdarecord保持記錄[聯(lián)想]

①setarecord創(chuàng)造紀(jì)錄②breakarecord打破紀(jì)錄①intriguev．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興趣，引起……的好奇心②civilisationn．文明(社會(huì))③anincrediblediscovery一個(gè)驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)④comparisonn．對(duì)比，比較bear/standnocomparisonwith比不上……課下預(yù)習(xí)第一篇課文(Understandingideas)⑤correspondto與……相符；類(lèi)似于⑥spotv．發(fā)現(xiàn)⑦dismissv．拒絕考慮，否定⑧representativeadj．典型的，有代表性的

n．代表⑨powern．力量⑩mathematicsn．?dāng)?shù)學(xué)?astronomyn．天文學(xué)?applyv．應(yīng)用apply...to把……應(yīng)用于?accurateadj．精確的?charactern．字母；符號(hào)?representv．代表?syllablen．音節(jié)?interpretv．詮釋；說(shuō)明?primitiveadj．原始的?atsomething'speak在……的頂峰?acoupleofgenerations幾代?declinev．衰落，衰弱，衰敗?richesn．財(cái)富；財(cái)產(chǎn)claimitsriches索取它的財(cái)富?settlementn．定居點(diǎn)?collapsev．崩潰，瓦解；倒塌，坍塌?deadlyadj．致命的?acombinationof……的結(jié)合?indicatev．暗示；表明?downfalln．衰敗?unknowinglyadv．未意識(shí)到地，不知不覺(jué)地?tropicalcyclone熱帶氣旋?theriseandfall興衰TheMysteriesofTHEMAYA[1]Intrigued①byMayacivilisation②fromaveryyoungage，15-year-oldCanadianWilliamGadourythoughthehadmadeanincrediblediscovery③fromhisstudyofancientstarcharts．Throughcomparison④，

hefoundthatthelocationsofthe117knownMayacitiescorrespondto⑤thepositionsofthestars．Basedonthis，hebelievedhehadspotted⑥anunknownMayacityburieddeepinthejungle．[2]Althoughhistheoryhasbeendismissed⑦byscholars，itshowshowpowerfulthesecretsofAncientMayacivilisationareamongpeople．[1]Intriguedby...為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)，表示“被……所吸引”。[2]本句為主從復(fù)合句。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。Itisn'tdifficulttoseewhy．ExtendingsouthfrompartsofwhatwenowknowasMexicointoCentralAmerica，Mayacivilisationhasbeensurroundedbymysterysinceitsrediscoveryinthe19thcentury．TheMayabuiltimpressivepalacesandtemples，includingtheirrepresentative⑧

steppyramids．Whatismostextraordinaryaboutthesecomplexstructuresishowtheywerebuiltwithouttheuseofwheels，metaltoolsorevenanimalpower⑨．TheMaya'sunderstandingofmathematics⑩andastronomy?wasalsoquiteamazing．Theyapplied?thisunderstandingtotheMayacalendar，whichwasaccurate?towithin30secondsperyear．[3]OntopofallthiswasanachievementuniqueintheAmericasatthattime：atruewritingsystem．Itcontainedmorethan800characters?，[4]withsomesignsrepresenting?animals，peopleandobjectsandothersrepresentingsyllables?．Itwasawritingsystemsocomplicatedthat，sofar，noonehasbeenabletointerpret?itcompletely．[3]本句是一個(gè)完全倒裝句。[4]此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。[5]ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitive?makesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleandmysterious．[6]ButthegreatestmysteryofalliswhatcausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities．By700AD，Mayacivilisationwasatitspeak?．Yet，withinjustacoupleofgenerations?，itbegantomysteriouslydecline?．Thecitieswerelefttobetakenbackbythejungle．WhenEuropeansarrivedinCentralAmericaintheearly16thcenturytoclaimitsriches?，theremainingMayapeoplewerelivinginsmallsettlements?．[5]本句中that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句；另外，本句還包含一個(gè)“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，itsachievements為賓語(yǔ)，allthemoreincredibleandmysterious為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。[6]本句中what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。[7]WhyMayacivilisation

collapsed?remainsamystery．Wasitanaturaldisaster?Adeadly?disease?Conflictsbetweencities?Orwasitacombinationof?severaldifferentfactors?Someresearchseemstoindicate?thattheMayapeoplethemselvesmayhaveplayedapartintheirdownfall?．Theyhadturnedwetlandsintofieldsforgrowinggrains，andhaddughugecanalsystems．Astheirpopulationexpanded，yetmorelandwasneededforagricultureandmoretreesforconstruction．[8]Bychangingthelandscapeinthisway，itispossiblethattheMayapeopleunknowingly?reducedtheirabilitytodealwithnaturaldisasters．[7]本句中why引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。[8]本句含有主語(yǔ)從句，it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為that從句。ResearchalsosuggeststhatthosenaturaldisastersmayhaveledtothedeclineoftheMaya．Somerecentstudieshavefoundthattherewerefarfewertropicalcyclones?thanusualbetween700ADand1000AD．Thisislikelytohaveledtoaseriesofdroughts，eachlastingforacoupleofyears，includinga“megadrought”around900AD．[9]ManyscientistsbelievethatthesedroughtswerethemainreasonwhyMayacivilisationbegantocollapseatdifferentratesindifferentplaces．Thesedroughtswouldhaveledtofoodshortages，conflictsand，ultimately，thedownfallofthecities．[9]本句中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞reason。[10]Whateverthereasons，Mayacivilisationlargelydisappearedwithinthedeepjungle．Itsonce-greatcitiesfellintoruin，[11]leavingvariousmysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve．Meanwhile，theriseandfall?ofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpast，presentandfuture．[10]本句中whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，省略了be動(dòng)詞were。[11]此處為動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。瑪雅之謎十五歲的加拿大少年威廉·甘德瑞自幼便對(duì)瑪雅文明著迷，他認(rèn)為自己通過(guò)研究古老星象圖有了驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)。通過(guò)比較，他發(fā)現(xiàn)117座已知瑪雅城市的位置和星象的位置是對(duì)