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高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省德州市優(yōu)高聯(lián)盟九校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthewomanorder?A.Dumplings. B.Noodles. C.Duck.【答案】C【原文】W:Thefoodatthisrestauranthasimprovedalot.M:Yes,Ididn’tliketheirnoodles,butthey’regreatnow.Samewiththedumplings.W:Icouldeatmyduckalloveragain.2.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Makeameal. B.Seeamovie. C.Buyicecreams.【答案】B【原文】M:Idon’twanttowatchTV.I’mfeelingactive.Shallwegoforarun?W:ButIwaslookingforwardtoanafternoonofwatchingromanticfilmsandeatingicecreams.Perhapswecouldmakeadeal—watchafilmathome,thenhaveanicewalk?M:OK,let’sdothatthen.3.Whichisprobablythewoman’sfavoritepartoftheOlympics?A.Theice-skatingevents.B.Theopeningceremonies.C.Theathletes’interviews.【答案】B【原文】M:DidyouwatchtheOlympicice-skatingevents?NathanChenwasamazing!W:Oh,Iusuallyonlywatchtheopeningceremonies.Theyaremoreinterestingthansports.M:Buttheskatingandskiingeventsarethebestpart.Plus,theinterviewsaresoheart-warming!4.Wherewilltheexamresultsbeposted?A.Ontheschoolwebsite.B.Tothestudents’house.C.Atthenoticeboard.【答案】A【原文】W:Doyouknowiftheyarepostingtheexamresultsattheschoolnoticeboardlikelastyear?M:Notthistime.They’llpostthemonthewebsite,soyou’llbeabletoseetheminyourhouse.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Dothingslater. B.Askforhelp. C.Makealist.【答案】C【原文】W:Ihavesomanyjobstodo.Idon’tknowwheretostart.Iendupeitherdoingnothingorputtingjobsoffuntillater.Canyouhelpme?M:WhenI’minthatkindofsituation,Imakeato-dolistandworkthroughthem.Trydoingthat.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingfordirections.B.Conductingaresearch.C.Shoppingforsomething.7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inashop. B.Inaschool. C.Inasciencemuseum.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Excuseme,Ihaveanappointmentwiththeheadmaster.Couldyoutellmewherehisofficeis,please?W:Yes.Youneedtogouptothesecondfloor,andwalktotheendofthehall.There’sadoortotheright.Gothroughthedoor,you’llseeasciencelab.Theheadmaster’sofficeisontheright-handside.M:Istherealift?W:Yes,thereis.It’sjustoverthere,nexttotheoffice.M:IsthereatoiletIcoulduse,please?W:Yes,ifyoujustwalkthroughthecanteen,you’llseeitattheend.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Thewoman’sinterview.B.Thewoman’sgraduation.C.Thewoman’sbusinessdevelopment.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sidea?A.It’suseless. B.It’sterrible. C.It’swonderful.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】M:SoMissGreen,telluswhyyou’rethebestpersonforthisjob?W:I’mfreshoutofuniversity,andIgraduatedtopofmyyear.M:Butyouhavenoexperienceinthissortoffield.W:No,butwhatIdohaveislotsofenergyandideas.M:Canyousharesomeideaswithusaboutourbusinessandhowwecouldgrow?W:Certainly.I’mactuallyacustomerofyoursandInoticeyoustillsendpaperletters.M:Yes,togiveourcustomersinformationonourlatestoffers(報(bào)價(jià)).W:Iwouldsuggesttakingadvantageofemailorsocialmedia.M:That’sagreatidea.Thatcouldsaveourcostalot.W:Exactly.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Colleagues. C.Salespersonandcustomer.11.Howmanyshopshavethespeakersvisitedintotal?A.Two. B.Three. C.Ten.12.Whichcoloristhespeaker’sexistingsofa?A.Grey-blue. B.Green-blue. C.Black-blue.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【原文】M:Dowehavetokeepgoingtoalltheseboringshops?I’dratherbeatwork.W:Ifyouwantanewsofaforourlivingroomlikeyourfriend’s,thenyes.Comeon,thiswillbethelastplacewevisit.M:Thencanwegohome?I’msohungry.I’venoteatenanythingsincebreakfastandwemusthavewalkedtenmilesormore!W:We’veonlybeentotwoshopsbeforethisone!Wehaven’twalkedanywherenearthatdistance.M:Well,itfeelslikewehave.W:Howaboutthissofa?It’sbluelikeyouhavealwayswantedanditfeelsreallynicewhenyousitinit.Goon,haveafeel.M:No,Idon’tlikethelookofit.It’stoodark.Iwantgrey-blue.W:Well,howaboutthisone?M:No,thatoneisgreen-blue.Itremindsmeoftheseaside,andyouknowhowmuchIhatetheseaside.W:You’renotreallymakingthisveryeasy,areyou?OK,youwin.Let’sgohome.Wecankeepthesofawe’vealreadygot.It’sblack-blue—closeenough!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。13.Whathappenedtothereport?A.Itwaslost. B.Itwascopied. C.Itwasdamaged.14.WhatwasthelastthingJessicadidtothereport?A.Readingit. B.Savingit. C.Closingitdown.15.WhocausedtheproblemaccordingtoJessica?A.Herfather. B.Herbrother. C.Hermother.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.AskGarytocheckhercomputer.B.BuyanewcomputerfromGary.C.Rewritethereport.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A【原文】W:Idon’tbelieveit.It’sgone.Mywholereporthasdisappeared.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Ifinishedmyreportonthecomputer—abouttwothousandwords,andthenIsavedit.Butnowit’snotthere.M:Oh,Jessica,itcan’tbetrue.Areyousureyousavedit?W:Yes.Ireadthereportthroughtocheckit.IcorrectedmymistakesandthenIsaveditbeforeclosingitdown.M:Oh,I’msosorrytohearthat.Haveyoumadeacopyofit?W:No.Ijustcan’tfacewritingitallagain.Youknowwhat?Ithinkmylittlebrotherisbehindthis.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Thereareneveranyproblemswiththecomputerwhenmymomanddaduseit.Butwhenmybrotherusesit,healwaysmessesaboutwiththings,changingthesettingsandtryingtobeclever.M:Andyouthinkthat’swhyyourreportwasn’tsaved?W:I’mprettymuchcertainaboutit.I’llaskhimwhenIseehim.M:Listen,Garyisreallygoodwithcomputers.Whynotaskhimtocomeoverandhavealookatyours?Maybehecandosomethingtogetyourreportback.W:Isupposeanythingisworthatry.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白,回答以下小題。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Workers. B.Passengers. C.Children.18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Sellingabook. B.Teachingaclass. C.Introducinghimself.19.Whatisthebookabout?A.Factsaboutsteamtrains. B.Storiesaboutavillage. C.Thestudyofcoal.20.Whatclosedmanyyearsago?A.Theschool. B.Thestation. C.Theshop.【答案】17.C18.C19.A20.B【原文】Thankyousomuchforhavingmeheretoday.ThelasttimeIwasinthishall,Iwassittingexactlywhereyouare,becauseIwenttothisschoolasachild.NowhereIamtodayasanadulttotellyoualittlebitaboutwhatIdo.It’sstrangebecauseIrememberthishallasbeingsomuchbigger!Anyway,letmetellyoualittlebitaboutme.MynameisJamesBlackandIwritebooks.Butmybooksaren’tthestorybooksyourteacherreadstoyouattheendoftheday.Theyarefulloffacts.Whatsortoffacts?Well,Imainlywriteaboutsteam(蒸汽)trains.Yousee,onceuponatime,therewasarailwaystationinthisvillage,justbytheshop,andsteamtrainsusedtovisitonceaday.Sadly,thestationcloseddownmanyyearsago,butIstillrememberthewaytheysounded,thewaytheysmelt,thewayIwouldgetbitsofcoaldustinmyeyes…Anyway,whenIgotolder,Idecidedtowriteabookaboutthem.Andhereitis!Now,letmeshowyousomeofthepictures…第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ACrissyFieldPLANYOURVISITCrissyField:983MarineDrive(濱海大道)SanFrancisco,CA94129(415)561-3040FreeaccessonweekdaysReservationsonlineforpermissionareneededonweekends.ABOUTTHEPARKTheParksConservancy’ssignatureproject,CrissyFieldwastransformedstartingin2001fromaformermilitaryairfieldintoabelovednationalparksite
throughthegenerosityoftheEvelynandWalterHaas,Jr.FundandColleenandRobertHaas,aswellasthousandsofcommunityvolunteersanddonors.Today,therestoredCrissyFieldisastunningplacetowalkorbikeonaflat,hard-packedpromenadewithtypicalviewsoftheBayandGoldenGateBridge.Abeautifulandmuch-lovedtrailwindsthroughCrissyFieldbetweenMarinaGreenandFortPoint.You’llfindbeaches,picnictables,tidalmarshoverlooks,renownedwindsurfing,andaforestthathasbeentrulytransformedintoaplaceforall.TheCrissyFieldCenter
at
Building603alongMasonSt.
servesas
adynamichubofyouthengagement.
TRAILS&ACTIVITIESTrailsDetailsMASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAILCRISSYFIELDWATERFRONTWALKEASTCRISSYTRAILCRISSYFIELDPROMENADETRAILDifficultyEasyMostdifficultEasiestEasyLength2.5milesround-trip2.2milesone-waytrip1.91milesone-waytrip3.44milesround-tripTypeCyclingHikingBirdingForestbathing21.WhatisamusttoensureentryintotheparknextSunday?A.Makingacallat(415)561-3040.B.Takingataxito983MarineDrive.C.Pre-bookingtheticketforadmission.D.WritingtoCrissyFieldbeforenextSunday.22.Whatcanweknowaboutthepark?A.Theforestinitappealstotheyouthmost.B.Youcan’tplananoutdoormealinthepark.C.ItboastsamagnificentviewofGoldenGateBridge.D.Itusedtobeacommunitybuiltbyvolunteersanddonors.23.Whichtrailistheshortestinlength?A.MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL.B.CRISSYFIELDWATERFRONTWALK.C.EASTCRISSYTRAIL.D.CRISSYFIELDPROMENADETRAIL.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,主要介紹了CrissyField公園及其活動(dòng)路線等信息。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Reservationsonlineforpermissionareneededonweekends.(周末需要在網(wǎng)上預(yù)約獲得許可)”可知,參觀CrissyField公園需要在周末提前預(yù)約,因此確保下周日進(jìn)入公園的必須步驟是在線預(yù)訂門票。故選C。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Today,therestoredCrissyFieldisastunningplacetowalkorbikeonaflat,hard-packedpromenadewithtypicalviewsoftheBayandGoldenGateBridge.(如今,經(jīng)過(guò)修復(fù)的CrissyField是一個(gè)令人驚嘆的地方,在平坦、擁擠的人行道上散步或騎自行車,可以看到海灣和金門大橋的典型景色)”可知,CrissyField公園提供金門大橋的壯麗景色。故選C?!?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。對(duì)比表格中Length一列中的數(shù)據(jù),MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL中的“2.5milesround-trip(往返2.5英里)”說(shuō)明MASONSTREETBIKEPATHTRAIL的長(zhǎng)度為1.25英里,是最短的路線。故選A。BTherewasayounggirlinChinawhowasinitiallyengagedinmakinghairpins.Shewasquiteskilled,creatingvariousdelicatehairpinswithtraditionalChineseelements.However,herworkwasmainlywithinacertainrangeofstyles.Oneday,amessageinthecommentsectionofherpostcaughtherattention.Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.Whenshebeganmakingthehiddenweapons,numerousdifficultiesemerged.Firstly,therewasalackofrealprototypesforreference.Shecouldonlyrelyonthedescriptionsinnovelsandherimaginationtofigureouttheshapesandstructures.Secondly,thesizesettingwasagreatchallenge.Thehiddenweaponsneededtobesmallenoughtobeconcealedeasily,butatthesametime,theyhadtopossessthebasicfunctionsanddeadlinessofweapons.Forexample,makingadagger(短劍)thatcouldbehiddeninasleeveorasmallsectionrequiredprecisemeasurementanddesign.Moreover,themechanismofquicklytakingoutandtransformingtheweaponswasextremelycomplicated.Shehadtoexperimentwithvariousmaterialsanddesignstoensurethatthehiddenweaponscouldbesmoothlyandrapidlytakenoutinasimulatedcombatsituation.Shespentalotoftimeandeffortonthisnewpursuit.Shecarefullyselectedmaterialsandusedhercraftsmanshiptotransformsimplematerialsintorealisticandcoolhiddenweapons.Herworks,suchasasharpandbeautifullydecorateddagger,graduallygainedpopularityontheInternet.Throughhercreations,moreandmorepeople,especiallyyoungpeople,becameinterestedinthetraditionalweaponcultureinChina.SherealizedthatherworkcouldnotonlyshowhercreativitybutalsocarryforwardChinesetraditionalculture.Forherfuture,sheisdeterminedtocontinueexploringandinnovatinginthisfieldtoletthecharmofChinesetraditionalcultureshinebrightlyinthewholeworld.24.Whatwasthegirlmainlydoingatfirst?A.ProducinghairpinswithChinesefeatures. B.Designingmodernandfashionablehairpins.C.Creatinghiddenweaponsinspiredbynovels. D.Makinghiddenweaponswithlimiteddesignstyles.25.Whydidthegirlwanttomakeachange?A.Herfailureinmakingtraditionalhairpins.B.Apieceofadvicefromanonlinefollower.C.Arequesttochangeherstylesfromacustomer.D.Herinspirationwhenreadingnovelsabouthiddenweapons.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thebasicfunctionsofhiddenweapons. B.Theoriginandhistoryofhiddenweapons.C.Thedifficultiesinmakinghiddenweapons. D.Theprecisemeasurementanddesignsofhiddenweapons.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheGirlWhoMadeBeautifulWeaponsB.DifficultiesinMakingHiddenWeaponsC.ThePopularityofChineseTraditionalWeaponsD.FromHairpinMakertoHiddenWeaponCreator【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)原本制作發(fā)夾的女孩,因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)友的建議開(kāi)始制作隱藏武器,說(shuō)明了其中的困難以及女孩對(duì)未來(lái)的規(guī)劃。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TherewasayounggirlinChinawhowasinitiallyengagedinmakinghairpins.Shewasquiteskilled,creatingvariousdelicatehairpinswithtraditionalChineseelements.(在中國(guó)有一個(gè)年輕的女孩,她最初是做發(fā)夾的。她非常熟練,用中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)元素制作了各種精致的發(fā)夾)”可知,這個(gè)女孩一開(kāi)始主要生產(chǎn)具有中國(guó)特色的發(fā)夾。故選A。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.(有人建議她可以嘗試制作小說(shuō)中描述的隱藏武器。受到這個(gè)想法的啟發(fā),她決定做出改變)”可知,這個(gè)女孩想要改變是因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)網(wǎng)友的建議。故選B?!?6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的主要內(nèi)容,尤其主旨句“Whenshebeganmakingthehiddenweapons,numerousdifficultiesemerged.(當(dāng)她開(kāi)始制作隱藏武器時(shí),出現(xiàn)了許多困難)”可知,第三段主要講了制造隱藏武器的困難。故選C。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneday,amessageinthecommentsectionofherpostcaughtherattention.Someonesuggestedthatshecouldtrymakingthehiddenweaponsdescribedinnovels.Inspiredbythisidea,shedecidedtomakeachange.(一天,她帖子評(píng)論區(qū)的一條信息引起了她的注意。有人建議她可以嘗試制作小說(shuō)中描述的隱藏武器。受到這個(gè)想法的啟發(fā),她決定做出改變)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了一個(gè)原本制作發(fā)夾的女孩,因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)友的建議開(kāi)始制作隱藏武器,說(shuō)明了其中的困難以及女孩對(duì)未來(lái)的規(guī)劃??芍珼選項(xiàng)“從發(fā)夾制造者到隱藏武器創(chuàng)造者”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CCouldthesecrettotheperfectcupofteabehidingunderground?Thecomplexflavorsinaqualitycupofteaareoftenattributedtotheplant’sleaves.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatthetasteofaqualitycupofteamayalsodependontheplant’sroots—specifically,themicrobes(微生物)thatlivethere.Teabreeders(培育員)inChinahavespentcenturiescultivatingtheperfectcupoftea.Butdespitemodernbreedingtechnologies,improvingthetasteofteathroughgeneticselectionalonehasproventobeachallenge.Butanewstudy,publishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,hasshownthatDNAisnottheonlythingthataffectsthetasteoftea.Previousstudieshaveshownthatmicrobescanaffecttheplant’sabilitytotakeinnutrientsfromthesoilaroundthem.And,itturnsout,thesenutrientscanaffecttheplant’sproductionofcertainchemicalsthatmayaffecttheirtaste.Specifically,theteamfoundthatplantswithmicrobesthatencouragetheabsorptionofammonia(氨)producemoreofacompoundcalledtheanine(茶氨酸),akeydeterminantofthetea’staste.Armedwiththisknowledge,theteamcreatedasynthetic(合成的)microbialcommunity,basedonthosefoundonhigh-theanineteavarieties.Byapplyingthesesyntheticcoloniestorootsofotherteaplants,theteamfoundthattheywereabletoboosttheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarietiestoo.“Theinitialexpectationforthesyntheticmicrobialcommunityderivedfromhighqualityteaplantrootswastoenhancethequalityoflow-qualityteaplants,”co-authorWenxinTangsaidinastatement.“However,toourastonishment,wediscoveredthatthesyntheticmicrobialcommunitynotonlyenhancesthequalityoflow-qualityteaplantsbutalsobringsasignificantpromotingeffectoncertainhigh-qualityteavarieties.Furthermore,thiseffectisparticularlyobviousinlow-nitrogen(氮)soilconditions.”Thesefindingssuggestthatsyntheticallyproducedmicrobialcommunitiescouldbeusedtoimprovethetasteofteaplants,particularlywhentheirsurroundingsoilslackkeyplantnutrients.Thesecoloniesmayalsosupportnutrientabsorptioninotherplantspecies,allowingfarmerstorelylessonsyntheticfertilizers.28.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.MicrobescanchangetheDNAofteaandimproveitsflavors.B.Simplyusinggeneticmethodstobetterteaflavorsisnotenough.C.Chineseteabreedershavefailedtocultivateaqualitycupoftea.D.Newresearchfindsteaflavorshavenothingtodowithtealeaves.29.Howcantheteamenhancetheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarieties?A.Byincreasingtheammoniaintakeoflow-theaninevarieties.B.Byexposingrootsoflow-theaninevarietiestomoremicrobes.C.Byattachingsyntheticcoloniestorootsoflow-theaninevarieties.D.Bycreatingasyntheticmicrobialcommunityfromothervarieties.30.Whatissurprisingintermsoffunctionsofsyntheticcolonies?A.Itwillimprovethequalityoflow-nitrogensoil.B.Itcanenhancethequalityoflow-qualityteaplants.C.Itplaysabigroleinimprovingthequalityofhigh-qualityteaplants.D.Ithelpstoimprovethequalityofsoilbyincreasingthequantityofnitrogen.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Syntheticcoloniescanbeappliedtoawiderrangeofplants.B.Syntheticcolonieshaveeffectsonenvironmentandfarming.C.Syntheticcolonieswillreplacesyntheticfertilizerscompletely.D.Syntheticcoloniescanbeusedtoimprovethesoilqualityofteaplants.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了微生物對(duì)茶的味道的影響。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatthetasteofaqualitycupofteamayalsodependontheplant’sroots—specifically,themicrobes(微生物)thatlivethere.(但新的研究表明,一杯優(yōu)質(zhì)茶的味道也可能取決于植物的根——特別是生活在那里的微生物。)”和文章第二段“Butdespitemodernbreedingtechnologies,improvingthetasteofteathroughgeneticselectionalonehasproventobeachallenge.(但是,盡管有現(xiàn)代育種技術(shù),僅通過(guò)基因選擇來(lái)改善茶葉的味道已被證明是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。)”可推知,僅僅用基因方法來(lái)改善茶葉的味道是不夠的。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Byapplyingthesesyntheticcoloniestorootsofotherteaplants,theteamfoundthattheywereabletoboosttheaninelevelsinlow-theaninevarietiestoo.(通過(guò)將這些合成菌落應(yīng)用于其他茶樹(shù)的根部,研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn),它們也能提高低茶氨酸品種的茶氨酸水平。)”可知,通過(guò)將合成菌落附著在低茶氨酸品種的根部可以提高低茶氨酸品種的茶氨酸水平。故選C項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“However,toourastonishment,wediscoveredthatthesyntheticmicrobialcommunitynotonlyenhancesthequalityoflow-qualityteaplantsbutalsobringsasignificantpromotingeffectoncertainhigh-qualityteavarieties.(然而,令我們驚訝的是,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)合成微生物群落不僅提高了劣質(zhì)茶樹(shù)的品質(zhì),而且對(duì)某些優(yōu)質(zhì)茶樹(shù)品種也有顯著的促進(jìn)作用。)”可知,就合成菌落的功能而言,令人驚訝的是它對(duì)提高優(yōu)質(zhì)茶樹(shù)的品質(zhì)起著很大的作用。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thesecoloniesmayalsosupportnutrientabsorptioninotherplantspecies,allowingfarmerstorelylessonsyntheticfertilizers.(這些菌落還可能支持其他植物物種的營(yíng)養(yǎng)吸收,使農(nóng)民減少對(duì)合成肥料的依賴。)”可知,合成菌落可以應(yīng)用于更廣泛的植物。故選A項(xiàng)。DYoumayregardawaveasacommongesture,butwhathappenswhenyouwavetoyourEuropeanfriendacrossthestreetandsheturnstowalktheotherway?Itisn'tbecauseyourfriendistiredofyourcompany.WhilemostAmericansinterpretawaveasafriendlygreetingorgoodbye,thesamemovementisjustaslikelytoexpressnoinpartsofEuropeandLatinAmerica.Thesamedissonanceistrueofothersignals:showingthenumbertwobyholdinguptwofingerswiththepalmfacinginwardisinoffensiveinmostoftheworld,butit'sarudegestureintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.Themostcommonunderstandingofthesubjectrelatesbodylanguagetospokenlanguage.Gestureswithspecificmeanings,whileinformallycalled“bodylanguage,belongtothefieldofkinesics(人體動(dòng)作學(xué)),anareaofstudythatdistinguishesthesemovementsfrominstinctiveactions,suchassmilingwhenhappy.DevelopedbyRayBirdwhistellinthe1950s,kinesicsusesthebuildingblocksoflinguisticstounderstandhowgesturesproducemeaning.Astheunitsofsoundthatformspokenwordsarecalledphonemes(音素),theunitsofmovementthatformkinesicgesturesarecalledkinemes—and,asthesamephonemecancommunicateadifferentmeaningacrosslanguages,thesamekinemecanalsocommunicatedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesorcontexts.Forexample,thethumbs-upkinemeindicatespraiseinNorthAmerica,butitmeanssomethingextremelyrudeinAustralia.There'sonemoremessinunderstandingnonverbalcommunication,though.Althoughbodylanguageisn'tuniversal,theemotionsbehinditmaybe.InastudyperformedbyAmericanresearcherPaulEkman,participantsfromtheWest,insularAfricancommunities,andNewGuineawereshownacollectionofmorethan10,000imagesillustratingdifferentfacialexpressions.When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph2mean?A.Comparison. B.Disharmony. C.Theory. D.Discomfort.33.Whatisthesimilaritybetweenbodyandspokenlanguage?A.Theycanbedividedintothefieldofkinesicstogether.B.Theyarebasedonmovementsfrominstinctiveactions.C.Theyconveydifferentmeaningswiththesameelement.D.Theycanunitepeopleindifferentcountriesandregions.34.HowdidPaulEkmanreachhisconclusion?A.Byinterviewingparticipantsfromdiversebackgrounds.B.Byaskingparticipantstoshowmanyfacialexpressions.C.Byobservinghowparticipantsreactedtothoseimages.D.Byjudgingifparticipantsrecognizedthesameemotions.35.Whatmightbediscussedinthefollowingtext?A.Othertypesoffacialexpressions. B.Applicationsoffacialexpressions.C.DrawbacksofPaulEkman'sstudy. D.Formsofnonverbalcommunication.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述語(yǔ)言不是通用,但其背后的情感可能是通用的。【32題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞上文“WhilemostAmericansinterpretawaveasafriendlygreetingorgoodbye,thesamemovementisjustaslikelytoexpressnoinpartsofEuropeandLatinAmerica.(雖然大多數(shù)美國(guó)人認(rèn)為揮手是友好的問(wèn)候或再見(jiàn),但在歐洲和拉丁美洲的部分地區(qū),同樣的動(dòng)作也可能表示“不”)”及下文“showingthenumbertwobyholdinguptwofingerswiththepalmfacinginwardisinoffensiveinmostoftheworld,butit’sarudegestureintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.(在世界上大多數(shù)地方,舉起兩根手指,掌心朝內(nèi)表示數(shù)字2是無(wú)害的,但在英國(guó)和澳大利亞,這是一種粗魯?shù)氖謩?shì)。)”可知下文在解釋這一名詞,即同一肢體語(yǔ)言,在不通過(guò)地方含義不通過(guò),因此推斷劃線單詞含義是“不一致,差異”。故選B。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Astheunitsofsoundthatformspokenwordsarecalledphonemes(音素),theunitsofmovementthatformkinesicgesturesarecalledkinemes—and,asthesamephonemecancommunicateadifferentmeaningacrosslanguages,thesamekinemecanalsocommunicatedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesorcontexts.(構(gòu)成口語(yǔ)的聲音單位被稱為音素,構(gòu)成肢體動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)單位被稱為勢(shì)位——同樣的音素可以在不同的語(yǔ)言中傳達(dá)不同的意思,同樣的勢(shì)位也可以在不同的文化或語(yǔ)境中傳達(dá)不同的意思。)”可知,肢體語(yǔ)言與口語(yǔ)的相似之處是,它們用同樣的元素傳達(dá)了不同的含義。故選C?!?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.(當(dāng)90%的參與者不分文化背景,在照片中識(shí)別出相同的情緒時(shí),Ekman得出結(jié)論,至少有七種通用的面部表情:憤怒、厭惡、恐懼、驚訝、快樂(lè)、悲傷和蔑視。)”可知,PaulEkman通過(guò)判斷參與者是否認(rèn)識(shí)到相同的情緒得出結(jié)論。故選D。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“When90percentofparticipantsregardlessofculturalbackground,identifiedthesameemotionsinthephotos,Ekmanconcludedthattherewereatleastsevenuniversalfacialexpressions:anger,disgust,fear,surprise,happiness,sadness,andcontempt.(當(dāng)90%的參與者不分文化背景,在照片中識(shí)別出相同的情緒時(shí),Ekman得出結(jié)論,至少有七種通用的面部表情:憤怒、厭惡、恐懼、驚訝、快樂(lè)、悲傷和蔑視。)”可知,PaulEkman發(fā)現(xiàn),在不通過(guò)文化背景下,有些面部表情是通用的,因此可以推斷接下來(lái)要講述這些通用的面部表情可以有哪些應(yīng)用。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmightthinkthatspendingagreatdealoftimeponderingoversomethingisthepathtofindingthebestanswer.___36___Infact,overthinkingislikeamagnifyingglassforemotionalsuffering:fromanxietyandgrieftoangerandguilt.Fundamentally,itisthehabitofapplyinganalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvinginasituationwhereitisunhelpfulorunproductive.However,likeallhabits,itcanbeundone.Probablytherearecertainthoughtsorissuesthataremorelikelytotriggeroverthinking.Ifyou’reaworrier,forexample,thoughtsaboutthefuturemayresultinoverthinking.Foranotherperson,itmaybethinkingabouttheircompetenceorwhethertheyarelikedbyothers.___37___Oneofthetricksthatoverthinkingplaysonusisconvincingusthatwehavetothinkmorenow.___38___ThissimpletechniquecalledSchedulingafuturethinkingdateiseffectiveasitvalidatesyourconcernswhilepreventingyoufromgettinglostinimmediateoverthinking.Often,bythetimethescheduleddatearrives,you’renotevenconcernedaboutthethinganymoreandcansimplydropit.Essentially,overthinkingoftenservesasaformofprocrastination
fromdoingorsayingthedifficultthingsthatweknowdeepdownweshould.___39___Itistheabilitytospeakyourmindhonestlyanddirectlyinawaythat’srespectfultoyourselfandothers.Bydevelopingthisability,includingsayingnowhenneeded,you’llfindyourselfoverthinkingalotlessbecauseyoudon’tneeditasprocrastinationmechanism.___40___Youshouldfindabalancebetweenthoughtfulconsiderationanddecisiveaction.Byimplementingthesestrategies,youcantakecontrolofyourthoughtsandreducetheimpactofoverthinkingonyouremotionalwell-beinganddecision-makingabilities.A.Butthat’susuallynotthecase.B.Whynotscheduleyouroverthinkingforlater?C.Overthinkingcanbemanagedwithintentionaleffortandstrategies.D.Focusonthethingsyoucancontrol,likeyourattitudeandeffort.E.Thesolutiontothisdilemmaistolearntobecomemoreconfident.F.Overthinkingcanleadtoamoredetailedanalysisofcomplexsituations.G.Whateverthecase,it’simportanttorecognizethekeyfactorsthatcauseyouroverthinking.【答案】36.A37.G38.B39.E40.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了過(guò)度思考會(huì)導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題以及避免過(guò)度思考的方法?!?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youmightthinkthatspendingagreatdealoftimeponderingoversomethingisthepathtofindingthebestanswer.(你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為花大量的時(shí)間思考是找到最佳答案的途徑)”以及下文“Infact,overthinkingislikeamagnifyingglassforemotionalsuffering:fromanxietyandgrieftoangerandguilt.Fundamentally,itisthehabitofapplyinganalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvinginasituationwhereitisunhelpfulorunproductive.However,likeallhabits,it
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