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PAGEPAGE6基礎(chǔ)詞匯access,交通agreement,同意,協(xié)議allocation,分配,配制approval,同意,批準(zhǔn)arbitration,仲裁AsiaDevelopmentBank,亞洲開發(fā)銀行Assistant,助理,助手Authorize(delegate),授權(quán),委托BillofQuantities(BOQ),工程量表civilworks,土建工程claim,索賠comment,評論,意見commercialmanager,商務(wù)經(jīng)理conditionsofcontract,合同條件generalconditions,通用條件conditionsofparticularapplication,專用條件specialconditionsofcontract,特別條件conditionsofcontractforworksofcivilengineeringconstruction,土木工程施工合同條件constructionmanagement,施工管理consultant,顧問contractagreement,合同協(xié)議contractor,承包商cooperation,合作coordination,協(xié)調(diào)cost,費用costcontrol,成本控制counterclaim,反索賠delay,延誤demobilization,退場department,部門designer,設(shè)計者drawing,圖紙shopdrawing,車間圖designdrawing,設(shè)計圖as-builtdrawing,竣工圖bluedrawing,藍(lán)圖transparentdrawing,透明圖constructiondrawing,施工圖electricworks,電氣工程employer(clientowner),業(yè)主engineer,工程師engineer’srepresentative,工程師代表engineeringproject,工程項目internationalproject,國際工程overseasproject,海外工程equipment,設(shè)備expatriate,外籍職員expert,專家export,出口federationofcivilengineeringcontractor,土模工程承包商聯(lián)合會formal,正式的hydromechanicalworks,金結(jié)工程import,進(jìn)口inchargeof,負(fù)責(zé),主管informal,非正式的institutionofcivilengineers(ICE),土木工程師協(xié)會instrument,儀器,器械insurance,保險labour,勞務(wù)layout,布置leadingcompany,牽頭公司,責(zé)任公司liability(responsibility,obligation),責(zé)任,義務(wù)lumpsum,總包machinery,機械manpower,人力資源manufacturer,制造商material,材料measure,辦法,措施takeeffectivemeasures,采取有效措施measurement,測量,計量memorandum,備忘錄mobilization,進(jìn)場objection,反對payment,支付plant,設(shè)備pointofview(opinion),觀點,意見prequalification,資格預(yù)審procurement,采購profit,利潤progresscontrol,進(jìn)度控制projectmanager,項目經(jīng)理qualitycontrol,質(zhì)量控制request(application),申請,要求review,審查risk,風(fēng)險riverclosure,截流riverdiversion,導(dǎo)流safety,安全signature,簽名site,現(xiàn)場siteengineer,現(xiàn)場工程師specification,規(guī)格,規(guī)范staff,職員subcontractor,分包商submission,提交supervise,監(jiān)督,監(jiān)視supplier,供貨商theinternationalchamberofcommerce,國際商會unitprice,單價variation(change),變更worldbank,世界銀行工程施工類(一)工程施工、土建類開挖與支護(hù)明挖(openexcavation)benchexcavation,臺階開挖concreteexcavation,砼開挖faultexcavation,斷層開挖foundationexcavation,基礎(chǔ)開挖localexcavation,局部開挖mass(bulk)excavation,大面積開挖protectivelayerexcavation,保護(hù)層開挖rockexcavation,巖石開挖slopeexcavation,邊坡開挖softgroundexcavation,軟基開挖soilexcavation,土方開挖structuralexcavation,結(jié)構(gòu)開挖toothexcavation,齒槽開挖unclassifiedmaterialexcavation,不分類開挖coefficientofnonuniformity,開挖不均勻系數(shù)cutofftrench截水槽dewatering(drainage),排水excavationpit,開挖基坑intensityofexcavation,開挖強度overexcavation(overbreak),超挖pumpsump,水泵坑undereexcavation(underbreak),欠挖underbreaktreatment,欠挖處理洞挖及地下開挖(tunnelandundergroundexcavation)aroundofexcavation,一個開挖循環(huán)adit,支洞advance,進(jìn)尺advanceddepth,進(jìn)尺深度breakinghole,崩落孔cushionhole,緩沖孔drift,掏槽bottomdrift,底部掏槽centerdrift,中心掏槽sidedrift,邊部掏槽topdrift,頂部掏槽drilling,鉆孔driving(progress)rate,進(jìn)尺率easer,掏槽孔erectingsupportsfortheroofandsidewall,對頂拱及邊墻進(jìn)行支護(hù)fullfaceexcavation,全斷面開挖headingandbenchexcavation,導(dǎo)洞與臺階開挖loadingandhaulingmuck(mucking),裝拉碴loading(charging),裝藥perimeterhole,周邊孔pilottunnel,導(dǎo)洞removingdust,除塵removinggroundwater,清除地面積水shootingtheexplosive(blasting),放炮,爆破topheadingexcavation,上導(dǎo)洞開挖ventilation,通風(fēng)鉆孔爆破(drillingandblasting)abandonedhole,廢孔averageholedepth,平均孔深averagequantityusedinunitvolumeblasted,平均單耗blastingresult,爆破結(jié)果blockness,塊度controlledperimeterblasting,周邊控制爆破dataofexplosivefilled,裝藥參數(shù)dataofholesdrilled,鉆孔參數(shù)delayedblasting,延時爆破exploratoryhole,探孔explosivequantity,藥量explosivequantityinasound,單響藥量handingmisfire,處理啞炮lightcharge,少量裝藥looseningblasting,松動爆破pattern,布孔方式distancebetweenholes,孔距distancebetweenrows,排距postshearingblasting,微差爆破presplitingblasting,預(yù)裂參數(shù)quantityofholes,孔數(shù)smoothblasting,光面爆破巖石支護(hù)(rocksupport)expansionshellrockbolt,脹殼式張拉錨桿backfillgrouting,回填灌漿consolidationgrouting,固結(jié)灌漿contactgrouting,接觸灌漿curtaingrouting,帷幕灌漿gapgrouting,接縫灌漿gravitygrouting,自重灌漿jetgrouting,旋噴灌漿multi-stagegrouting,多次灌漿pressuregrouting,壓力灌漿ringgrouting,環(huán)行灌漿single-stagegrouting,一次灌漿工藝過程(activities)airtest,通風(fēng)試驗backfillinghole,封孔flushingtest,通水試驗jointwashing,洗縫seal,密封soak,浸泡waterpressuretest,壓水試驗管路及組件(circuitandelements)airsupply,風(fēng)包arisingpipe,升漿管circuit,回路clamp,卡子cock,旋塞coil,蛇行管cylinder,缸套doublenipple,對絲連接套expansioncoupling,伸縮節(jié)female-quickcoupling,內(nèi)絲塊接頭fixedclamp,死卡flowratemeter,流量計galvanizedelbow,渡鋅彎頭groutcap,灌漿帽groutcell,出漿盒g(shù)routstopplate,止?jié){片groutvalve,灌漿閥inletpipe,進(jìn)漿管largeradiuselbow,大弧彎頭mainpipe,總管male-quickcoupling,外絲塊接頭outletpipe,出漿管packer,灌漿塞piston,活塞plug,堵頭reducersocket,變徑管套returnpipe,回漿管teepiece,三通管reducerteepiece,變徑三通管swivel-clamp,轉(zhuǎn)卡u-bend,U彎頭union,活接頭ventilationpipe,排氣管watersupply,水包參數(shù)及指標(biāo)(parameterandindexes)consistency,稠度fineness,細(xì)度grouttake,吃漿量hightake,吃漿量大groutingpressure,灌漿壓力leakagerate,漏水率lugeon,呂容mixproportion,漿比pumpingrate,迸漿率refusalcriteria,拒漿標(biāo)準(zhǔn)refusaltime,拒漿時間waterabsorption,吸水率儀器設(shè)備(plantandinstrument)agitator,攪拌站automaticrecorder,自動記錄儀chillerplant(coolingplant),制冷站displacementpoint,位移點electronicgroutflowmeter,電子流量計extensometer,變位計flowtransmitter,流量傳感器foundationdisplacementindicator,基礎(chǔ)位移指示器groutpump,灌漿泵hydrometer,比重計jointmeter,測縫計mixingplant,制漿站monitor,監(jiān)測器osmometer,滲壓計pendulum,鐘擺portableinstrument,便攜式儀器pressuregauge,壓力表pressuresensor,壓力傳感器reinforcementmeter,鋼筋計steelbasin,攪拌槽strainmeter,應(yīng)變計temperaturesensor,溫度傳感器terminalstation,集線站其他(others)checkhole,檢查孔compartment,灌區(qū)densemix,濃漿foundationuplift,基礎(chǔ)隆起grouthole,灌漿孔instrumenthole,儀器孔primary,secondaryandtertiarygroutholes,一序、二序、三序灌漿孔splitspacing,加密灌漿孔舉距wastemix,棄漿測量(survey)測量方法及術(shù)語(methodandterms)adjust,校正,調(diào)整adjustment,平差allowance,容許誤差backsightpoint,后視點basicpoint,基礎(chǔ)點benchmark,水準(zhǔn)點compass,羅盤chainage(stationnumber),樁號chainoftriangulation,三角鎖check,校核,對照controlpoint,控制點coordinatepoint,坐標(biāo)點datum,基準(zhǔn)面,已知數(shù),數(shù)據(jù)datumpoint,基準(zhǔn)點deviation,偏差easilyidentifiablepoint,容易識別點error,誤差firstordertriangulation,一等三角測量geodetic,大地測量學(xué)的geodeticsurveying,大地測量jointsurvey,聯(lián)合測量knownpoint,已知點levelsurface,水準(zhǔn)面localtriangulationnetworks,局部三角網(wǎng)nationalcoordinationsystem,國家坐標(biāo)網(wǎng)observe,觀測,監(jiān)視pointtobelocated,待定點position,定位,位置reconnaissance,選點,踏勘referencepoint,參考點secondordertriangulation,二等三角測量setout,放線,放樣stake-line,測樁線stateplanecoordinatesystem,國家平面坐標(biāo)系surveypoint,測點theoreticalpoint,理論點traverse,導(dǎo)線,導(dǎo)線測量,橫段erroroftraverse,導(dǎo)線閉合差latticetraverse,網(wǎng)格狀導(dǎo)線longsidetraverse,長導(dǎo)線opentraverse,非閉合導(dǎo)線shortsidetraverse,短導(dǎo)線traverseclosure,導(dǎo)線閉合traversestation,導(dǎo)線點traversesurvey,導(dǎo)線測量triangulation,三角測量triangulationnetwork,三角網(wǎng)triangulationofhighorder,高等級三角網(wǎng)triangulationpoint,三角點triangulation,三角測量vertical-controlnet,高程控制網(wǎng)woodpile,木樁角度測量(angularmeasurement)azimuth,方位角bearing,方位,象限bubble,氣泡,水準(zhǔn)器circle,度盤,圓盤circularbubble,圓水準(zhǔn)器collimationaxis,視準(zhǔn)軸cross-line(cross-hair),十字絲depressionangle,俯角elevationangle,仰角eyepiece(ocular),目鏡fieldpole,標(biāo)桿foot-screw,腳螺栓horizontalangle,水平角mark,標(biāo)志點,標(biāo)明objectivelens,物鏡plumb(plummet),鉛錘,垂線sight,瞄準(zhǔn),觀測target,目標(biāo),瞄準(zhǔn)theodolite,經(jīng)緯儀transverseaxis,橫軸tripod,三腳架verticalangle,豎直角verticalaxis,豎軸望遠(yuǎn)鏡(telescope)centering,對中faceleft,盤左faceright,盤右focus,集中,焦點focusing,調(diào)焦indexerror,指標(biāo),誤差invertedpositionoftelescope(reversetelescope),倒鏡,盤右normalpositionoftelescope(directtelescope),正鏡,盤左opticalplummet,光學(xué)垂準(zhǔn)器round,測回set,套,組station,測站距離測量(distancemeasurement)barometer,氣壓計baseline(basicline,datumline),基線battery,電池EDM(electromagneticdistancemeasurement),電池波測距Filter,濾光片,濾波器laseralignmentsystem,激光準(zhǔn)直系統(tǒng)laserbeam,激光束prism,棱鏡range,測程,距離longrange,遠(yuǎn)程mediumrange,中程shortrange,短程rangefinder,測距儀signal,信號springbalance,彈簧秤tape,卷尺invartape,鋼卷尺高程測量(heightmeasurement)altitude/elevation,高程,高度,海拔approximateleveling,近似置平,粗平automaticlevel,自動定平水準(zhǔn)儀differenceinaltitude(differenceofelevation,heightdifference),高差errorofclosureinleveling,水準(zhǔn)閉合差exactleveling,精(確置)平level,水準(zhǔn)儀,水準(zhǔn)測點levelcircuit,水準(zhǔn)閉合環(huán)levelshoe,水準(zhǔn)尺墊lineoflevel,水準(zhǔn)線路nationalgeodeticverticaldatum,國家大地高程基準(zhǔn)面reducedlevel,歸化高差runback,返測runout,往測three-wireleveling,三絲法水準(zhǔn)測量地形測量(topographicsurvey)boundary,界線,邊線constructionstake,施工標(biāo)樁contour,等高線contourinterval,等高距contouring,繪等高線contour-lengthmethod,等高線延長法contourline,等高線controlnetwork,控制網(wǎng)detail,細(xì)部詳圖draw,繪圖field,外業(yè)fix,固定,確定formline,地形線grid,格網(wǎng)information,注記,資料,情報marginalinformation,圖廓注記large-scale,大比例尺的latitude,緯度,范圍latitudecircle,維圈latitudeline,緯線legend,圖例location,定線,定位longitude,經(jīng)度longitudecircle,經(jīng)圈longitudeline,經(jīng)線map,地圖,制圖mapping,制圖,測圖,地質(zhì)素描matchline,拼接線monument,標(biāo)石,石柱object,地物,目標(biāo)plan,平面圖,略圖plot,繪圖profile,斷面,縱剖面,斷面圖record,記錄,資料setup,定置儀器sitelocation,定位stakeout,放樣,定線,立樁symbol,符號,記號topographicdetail,地形細(xì)部topographicmap,地形圖原型觀測觀測儀器與設(shè)施(instrumentationandfacilities)air-entrainingmeter,摻氣計Carlson-typepiezometer,卡爾遜式滲壓計concretestrainmeter,混凝土應(yīng)變計convergentpoint,收斂觀測點directplumbline,正垂線earthpressurecell,土壓力盒embankmentpiezometer,壩體滲壓計embankmentstrainmeter,堤應(yīng)變計extendedwire,引張線foundationpiezometer,基礎(chǔ)滲壓計horizontalinclinometer,水平測斜儀hydraulicinstrument,水力學(xué)儀器hydrophone,水聽器inclinometercasing,測斜管interfacejointmeter,界面變位計invertedplumbline,倒垂線micropiezometer,微壓計multiplepositionextensometer,多點位移計observationpoint,觀測標(biāo)點observationwell,觀測井opticalalignmentline,視準(zhǔn)線platestrainmeter,鋼板計pneumaticpiezometer,氣壓式氣壓計pressurefluctuationmeter,脈動壓力prestressedtendonanchoragedynamomter,預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索測力計rockboltextensometer,錨桿測力計singlepointextensometer,單點位移計spiralsensor,測扭儀standpipe,測壓管staticliquidlevel,靜力水準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)strong-motionseismograph,強震儀surfacemonument,表面標(biāo)點temperaturesensor,溫度傳感器terminalhouse,終端房terminalstation,終端站tiltmeter,傾角計timeaveragepressurecell,時均壓力計totalpressurecell,總壓力盒velometer,流速計verticalinclinometer,垂直測斜儀vibratingwirepiezometer,振弦式滲壓計vibratingwiresettlementsensor,振弦式沉降儀weirwithmicropiezometer,帶微壓計的量水堰workingbasepoint,工作基點zerostress-strainmeter,混凝土無應(yīng)力計附件及配件(accessoriesandspareparts)coil,盤繞component,零部件coordinator,坐標(biāo)儀dampingbox,阻力箱differentialresistance,差動電阻doublelayerrubbersleeve,雙層護(hù)套forcedcenteringplate,強制對中盤instrumentlead,儀器電纜invarwire,銦瓦絲metalring金屬環(huán)plumbcoordinatemeter,垂線坐標(biāo)儀pulley,滑輪regulator,調(diào)節(jié)器riser,立管sensor,傳感器spool,繞軸steelsocket,鋼底座tablet,藥片tensioningweight,張拉重錘thermistor,熱敏電阻tip,測頭安裝過程(processionofinstallation)assemble,組裝couple,連接embed,埋設(shè)install,安裝insulate,絕緣maintenance,維護(hù)monitor,監(jiān)測protectionofinstrumentation,儀器保護(hù)reduce,歸納seal,密封splice,拼接supply,提供test,測試資料(information)assembleschematic,裝配簡圖certificate,合格證書description,使用說明書maintenanceguideline,維護(hù)指南manual,說明書operatingprinciple,工作原理operatingrestraint,操作范圍procedure,程序troubleshootingprocedure,故障分析程序其他(others)annularspace,環(huán)行空間dataacquisition,數(shù)據(jù)采集datarecording,數(shù)據(jù)記錄leaddrillinghole,引線孔permanentrecord,永久記錄readoutdevice,讀數(shù)設(shè)備saturated,飽和的seepageisolationdike,截滲堤trapezoidal,梯形水工常規(guī)試驗Ⅰ、混凝土原材料試驗(testofrawandprocessedmaterialsofconcrete)骨料(aggregate)abrasionvolumebyLosAngelesrattler,落杉磯磨耗量accumulatedretainedpercentage,累計篩余百分率acicularandflakygraininaggregate,針狀與片狀顆粒含量alkali-aggregatereaction,堿骨料反應(yīng)apparentdensity,視密度bulkdensity(unitweight),容重claylumpsandfriableparticlesinaggregate,黏土塊及易碎顆粒含量coefficientofsoftening,軟化系數(shù)crushindex,壓碎指標(biāo)drystate,干燥狀態(tài)exceedingandinferiorgraininaggregate,超遜徑顆粒含量finenessmodulus,細(xì)度模數(shù)gapingplacerate,空隙率graderretainedpercentage,分計篩余百分率graincomposition,顆粒級配grainsize,粒徑lightweightmatterinaggregate,輕物質(zhì)含量micacontent,云母含量moisturecontent(waterrate),含水率mudcontent,含泥量organiccontent有機物質(zhì)含量potentialreactivityofaggregate,骨料潛在活性saturation,飽和sievingcurve,篩分曲線softgraininaggregate,軟弱顆粒含量soundness,堅固性surfacemoisturecontent,表面含水率water-solublesulphide,水容性硫化物水硬性膠凝材料(hydraulicitycementitiousmaterial)age,零期cementmark(strengthofcement,cement,cementgrade),水泥標(biāo)號consumptiveuseofwaternormalconsistence,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)稠度用水量degreeofmobilization,流動度dissolutionheat(solutionheat),溶解熱finalset,終凝flexuralstrength,抗撓(彎)強度flyash,粉煤灰hydrationheat,水化熱initial,初凝lossonignition(ignitionloss),燒失量settingtime,凝結(jié)時間silicafume,硅粉soundness,水泥的安定性specificsurfacearea,比表面積specificheat,比熱waterdemandratio,吸水量比外加劑(admixture)bubblestability,泡沫的穩(wěn)定性bubblingability,氣泡能力chloridecontent,氯化物含量compressivestrengthrate,抗壓強度比contractwithdryrate,干縮率dispersingcoefficient,分散系數(shù)dispersingabilityofwater-reducingagent,減水劑分散能力lossofslump,塌落度損失sulphatecontent,硫酸鹽含量solidcontent,固體含量surfacetension,表面張力water-reducingrate,減水率水(water)alkalinity,堿度calcion,鈣離子carbonicacid,碳酸chlorion,氯離子equivalentconsumption,當(dāng)量濃度normalsolution(standardsolution),標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液PHvalue,PH值Wateranalysis,水質(zhì)分析Ⅱ、混凝土(concrete)混凝土拌和物(mixture)assurancestrengthofconcrete,混凝土保證強度bleedingrate,泌水率cement-sandratio,灰砂比designstrengthofconcrete,砼設(shè)計標(biāo)號flowabilityofconcrete,混凝土的流動性mixproportion(proportionofmixture),混凝土的配合比mixtureuniformity,拌和物的均勻性penetration-obstructionmethod,貫入阻力法probabilityofensuringstrengthofconcrete,混凝土強度保證率sandrate,砂率unitconsumptionofwater,單位用水量waterretention(waterretentiveness),保水性water-cementratio,水灰比硬化混凝土(hardenedconcrete)axialtensilestrength,軸向抗拉強度coefficientofthermalconductivity,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)coolingrate,冷卻率coreofconcrete,混凝土芯樣creepdeformation(timedeformation),徐變變形creepofconcrete,混凝土徐變expandwithwetandcontractwithdry,干縮濕脹formcoefficient(formfactor),形狀系數(shù)freezing-meltingcirculation,凍融循環(huán)frost-resistancemark,抗凍標(biāo)號heatpropertyofconcrete,混凝土熱學(xué)性能height-diameterratio,高徑比linearexpansioncoefficient,線膨脹系數(shù)lossofweight,重量損失naturalfrequency,自振頻率permeate,滲透permeatedheight,滲透高度permeated-resistingmark,抗?jié)B標(biāo)號relativecoefficientofpermeability,相對滲透系數(shù)resonancefrequency,共振頻率sample,試件self-grownvolumedeformation,自生體積變形splittingtensilestrength,劈裂抗拉強度staticcompressivemodulusofelasticity,靜力抗壓彈模temperatureconductivity,導(dǎo)溫系數(shù)tensilemodulusofelasticity,抗拉彈性模量thermalinsulationwarming,絕熱溫升ultimatetensilestrength,極限拉應(yīng)變wearrate,磨損率wear-resistingstrength,抗沖磨強度砂漿(cement)cementlimemortar,水泥石灰砂漿cementmortar,水泥砂漿cement-claymortar,水泥黏土砂漿epoxymortar,環(huán)氧砂漿limemortar,石灰砂漿plasteringmortar,抹面砂漿pointingjointmortar,溝縫砂漿Ⅲ、土(soil)accumulationcurve(cumulativecurve),累計曲線activityindex,活性指標(biāo)angleoffriction,磨擦角Atterberglimits(watercontentaslimit),阿太堡界限(界限含水量)Californiabearingratio,載重比coarse-grainedsoil,粗粒土coefficientofcompressibility,壓縮系數(shù)coefficientofcubicalcompressibility,體積壓縮系數(shù)coefficientofcurvature,曲率壓縮系數(shù)compression,壓縮compressionindex,壓縮指數(shù)compressionmodulus,壓縮模量consolidated-undrained(quick)sheartest,固結(jié)不排水剪(固結(jié)快煎)試驗consolidation,固結(jié)consolidationcoefficient,固結(jié)系數(shù)consolidationsettlement,固結(jié)沉降consolidationstress,固結(jié)應(yīng)力continuousgrading/gradation,連續(xù)級配contractiontest(shrinkagetest),收縮試驗corecuttermethod,環(huán)刀法creepcurve,蠕變曲線criticalslope,溢出坡降(臨界坡降)Darcy’slaw,達(dá)西定律degreeofconsolidation,固結(jié)度degreeoffreeswelling,自由膨脹率directsheartestofreiteration,直接剪切試驗directsheartestofreiteration,反復(fù)直接強度試驗distributioncurve,分布曲線driftsoil(shiftingsoil,massflow),流土effectiveangleofinnerfriction,有效內(nèi)摩擦角effectivestrengthenvelope,有效強度包線expansionforce,膨脹力expansionratio(specificexpansion),膨脹率filteringflow(seepageflow),滲流fine-grainedsoil,細(xì)粒土flownet(driftnet),流網(wǎng)hydraulicslope,水力坡降hydrometermethod,比重計法hydrostaticheadmethod,常水頭法limitequilibriumstate,極限平衡法liquefaction,液化liquidlimit,液限liquidityindex,液性指標(biāo)maximumdrydensity,最大干密度methodofsieving,篩分法Mohr’sstresscircle,摩爾應(yīng)力圓Mohr-coulombfailurecriteria,摩爾-庫侖破壞曲線normalstress,法向應(yīng)力oedometercurve,壓縮曲線optimummoisturecontent,最優(yōu)含水率piping,管涌plasticlimit,塑限plasticityindex,塑性指標(biāo)porewaterpressure,孔隙水壓力porosity,空隙率principalstress,主應(yīng)力proctorcompactiontest,普氏擊實試驗relativedensity,相對密度sandreplacementmethod,罐砂法saturability(saturationdegree,percentsaturation),飽和度saturatedunitweight,飽和容重seepagedeformation,滲透變形seepageforce(seepagepressure),滲透力seepageline,滲透線seepagespeed,滲透速度shearstress,切向應(yīng)力(剪應(yīng)力)shrinkagelimit,縮限skip(gap,jump)grading,間斷級配specificgravityofsoilparticle,土粒比重steadyseepagefield,穩(wěn)定滲流場stresspath,應(yīng)力路徑totalstrengthenvelope,總強度包線triaxialcompressiontest,三軸壓縮試驗unconfinedcompressionstrength,無側(cè)限壓縮試驗unconsolidatedundrainedtest,不固結(jié)不排水剪(快剪)試驗variableheadmethod,變水頭法void(pore)ratio,空隙比waterreplacementmethod,罐水法wetdensity,濕密度Ⅳ、其他建筑材料鋼筋(steel)bendingandunbending,反復(fù)彎曲coldbendingtest,冷彎試驗elongationtest,拉伸試驗nominaldiameter,公稱直徑ratioofelongation,伸長率relaxationtest,松弛試驗steelstrand,鋼絞線tensileyieldstrength,抗拉屈服強度ultimatetensilestrength,極限抗拉強度木材(wood)crushingstrengthparalleltothegrain,順紋抗壓強度tensilestrengthparalleltothegrain,順紋抗拉強度crushingstrengthacrossthegrain,橫紋抗壓強度tensilestrengthacrossthegrain,橫紋抗拉強度瀝青(asphalt)brittletemperaturetest,脆化點試驗expansiontest,延伸度試驗penetrationtest,針入度試驗softeningpointtest,軟化點試驗testofaging,老化試驗viscositytest,粘滯性試驗Ⅴ、質(zhì)量管理(qualitymanagement)average,平均值deviationstandard(errorofmeansquares),均方差deviationcoefficient(dispersioncoefficient),離差系數(shù)indexofcorrelation,相關(guān)系數(shù)managementlimit,管理界限mathematicstatistics,數(shù)理統(tǒng)計maximum,最大值minimum,最小值normaldistribution,正態(tài)分布qualityassurance,質(zhì)量保證qualityexamination,質(zhì)量檢測regressioncurve,回歸曲線relativedampness,相對濕度samplecapacity,樣本容量samplefrequency,取樣頻率specimen,樣品statisticalanalysis,統(tǒng)計分析technicalspecification,技術(shù)規(guī)范technicalstandard,技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)testingcircumstance,試驗環(huán)境testingerror,試驗誤差testingregulation,試驗規(guī)程varianceanalysis,方差分析地質(zhì)(geology)地質(zhì)年代(geochronologyofgeologicages)Archaeozoicera(erathem),太古代(界)Proterozoicera(erathem),元古代(界)Palaeozoicera(erathem),古生代(界)Mesozoicera(erathem),中生代(界)Cenozoicera(erathem),新生代(界)Sinianperiod(system),震旦紀(jì)(系)Cambrianperiod(system),寒武紀(jì)(系)Ordovicianperiod(system),奧陶紀(jì)(系)Silurianperiod(system),志留紀(jì)(系)Devonianperiod(system),泥盆紀(jì)(系)Carboniferousperiod(system),石炭紀(jì)(系)Permianperiod(system),二疊紀(jì)(系)Triassicperiod(system),三疊紀(jì)(系)Jurassicperiod(system),侏羅紀(jì)(系)Cretaceousperiod(system),白堊紀(jì)(系)Tertiaryperiod(system),第三紀(jì)(系)Quaternaryperiod(system),第四紀(jì)(系)地質(zhì)構(gòu)造(geologicstructure)fault,斷層normalfault,正斷層reversedfault,逆斷層paralledfault,平移斷層gouge,斷層泥stria,擦痕joint,節(jié)理primaryjoint,原生節(jié)理secondary,次生節(jié)理tensionjoint,張節(jié)理unloadingjoint,卸荷節(jié)理schistosity,片理bedding,層理foliation,板理(葉理)ripplemark,波痕mudcrack,泥痕rainprint,雨痕orientationofbedrock,巖層產(chǎn)狀strike,走向dip,傾向angleofdip(dipangle),傾角fold,褶皺anticline,背斜syncline,向斜monocline(homocline),單斜dome,穹隆softstratum,軟弱巖層zoneoffracture(brokenzone),破碎帶affectedzone,影響帶platystructure,板狀構(gòu)造cleavage,解理fracture(rupture),斷裂fissure(crack,fracture),裂隙巖石類型(rocktype)petrology,巖石學(xué)igneousrock,火成巖magmaticrock,巖漿巖lava(vocanicrock),火山巖intrusive(invade)rock,侵入巖effusiverock,噴出巖plutonicrock,深成巖pypabyssalrock,淺成巖acidrock,酸性巖inter-mediaterock,中性鹽basicrock,基性巖ultrabasicrock,超基性巖granite,花崗巖porphyry,斑巖porphyrite,玢巖rhyolite,流紋巖syenite,正長巖trachyte,粗面巖diorite,閃長巖andesite,安山巖gabbro,輝長巖basalt,玄武巖aplite,細(xì)晶巖pegmatite,偉晶巖lamprophyre,煌斑巖diabase,輝綠巖dunite,橄欖巖pumice,浮巖sedimentaryrock,沉積巖clastic,碎屑巖clayrock,黏土巖chemicalrock,化學(xué)巖biolith,生物巖conglomerate,礫巖siltstone,粉砂巖mudstone,泥巖shale,頁巖salinerock,巖鹽limestone,石灰?guī)rdolomite,白云巖marl,泥灰?guī)rvolcanicbreccia,火山角礫巖volcanicagglomerate,火山塊集巖tuff,凝灰?guī)rmetamorphicrock,變質(zhì)巖slate,板巖phyllite,千枚巖schist,片巖gneiss,片麻巖quartzite,石英巖marble,大理巖mylonite,糜棱巖migmatite,混合巖cataclasite,碎裂巖sediment(deposit),沉積物、沉積層boulder,漂石、頑石cobble,卵石gravel,礫石sand,砂silt,粉土clay,粘土sandyclay,砂質(zhì)粘土clayeysand,粘質(zhì)砂土sandyloam,壤土、亞黏土regolith(topsoil),浮土(表土)loess,黃土laterite,紅土peat,泥炭ooze,軟泥(海泥)造巖礦物(rock-formingminerals)talc,滑石gypsum,海石calcite,方解石fluorite,螢石apatite,磷灰石feldspar,長石quartz,石英topaz,黃玉corundum,剛玉diamand,金剛石orthoclase,正長石plagloclase,斜長石biotite,黑云母muscovite,白云母amphibole,角閃石phroxene,輝石olivine,橄欖石dolomite,白云石kaolinite,高嶺石montmorillonite,蒙脫石bentonite,斑脫石(膨潤土)illite,依礫石garnet,石榴子石chlorite,綠泥石serpentine,蛇紋石pyrite,黃鐵礦hematite,赤鐵礦magnetite,磁鐵礦limonite,褐鐵礦工程地質(zhì)(engineeringgeology)geotechnics(geotechnique),土工學(xué)、土工技術(shù)、巖石工程rockmechanics,巖石力學(xué)soilmechanics,土力學(xué)geomechanics,地質(zhì)力學(xué)(巖石力學(xué))engineeringgeologicalconditions,工程地質(zhì)條件engineeringgeologicalproblems,工程地質(zhì)問題rockmassstructure,巖體結(jié)構(gòu)geographicandgeomorphicconditions,地形地貌條件geophysicalphenomenon,物理地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象hydrogeologicalconditions,水文地質(zhì)條件naturalmaterials,天然材料reservoir,水庫settlement,沉降displacement,位移deformation,變形tectonicstress,構(gòu)造應(yīng)力residualstress,殘余應(yīng)力angleofinternalfriction,內(nèi)摩擦角cohesion,內(nèi)聚力(凝聚力、粘聚力)pressuretunnel,壓力隧洞undergroundcavern/cavity,地下洞室overburden,覆蓋物bedrock(baserock,foundationrock),基巖firmrock(soundrock),硬巖weakrock(softrock),軟巖interbed,夾層zoneoffracture(brokenzones),破碎帶homogeneity,均質(zhì)性nonhomogeneity(heterogeneity),非均質(zhì)性isotropy,各向同性anisotropy,各向異性礦物質(zhì)的物理性質(zhì)(physicalcharacterofminerals)hardness,硬度luster,光澤color,顏色transparency(pellucidity),透明度streak,條痕rent(fracture),斷口crystalform,晶形巖石學(xué)(petrology)classification,分類structure,構(gòu)造texture,結(jié)構(gòu)fabric,組成mineralcomposition,礦物組成crystalline,結(jié)晶質(zhì)amorphoussubstance,非晶質(zhì)fossil,化石degreeofrounding,磨圓度degreeofgrains,粒度地層地貌(stratumandphysiognomy)basin,盆地rivervalley,河谷riverbed,河床topography,地形terrain,地勢attitude,產(chǎn)狀rockbase(batholite),巖基rockstock,巖株rockflow,巖流rockloccolith,巖蓋rocklopolith,巖盆rockdike,巖墻rocksill,巖床veindyke,巖脈sediment(deposit),沉積物(層)alluvium,沖擊物(層)proluvium(diluvium),洪積物(層)deluvium,坡積物(層)eluvium,殘積物(層)eoliandeposit,風(fēng)積物(層)lakedeposit,湖積物(層)marinedeposit,海積物(層)glacial(drift)deposit,冰川沉積物(層)colluvialdeposit(colluvium),崩積物(層)cross-bedding,交錯層geologicstructure,地質(zhì)構(gòu)造geotectonics,大地構(gòu)造學(xué)graben,地塹horst,地壘cordance(conformity),整合discordance(unconformity),不整合deceptivecordance/conformity,假整合地質(zhì)作用(physicalgeologyaction)weathering,風(fēng)化erosion,侵巖transportation,搬運deposition/sediment,沉積denudation,剝蝕corrasion,磨蝕corrosion,腐蝕dissolution,溶蝕landslide,滑坡collapse(rockfall),崩塌mudflow,泥石流earthquake,地震intensity,烈度magnitude,震級水文(hydrology)groundwater(subsurfacewater),地下水surfacewater,地表水a(chǎn)tmosphericwater,大氣水runoff,徑流freshwater(plainwater,sweetwater),淡水riverflow/discharge,河水流量peakfloodflow,洪峰流量floodoutflow,洪水下卸流量dryseason,枯水季wetseason,豐水季flood(raining)season,汛期non-floodseason,非汛期5%frequencyflood,20年一遇洪水floodcontrol,防汛(二)工程施工、機電類金屬結(jié)構(gòu)(hydromechanicalwork)閘門(gate)servicegate,工作門emergencygate,事故門maintenancegate,檢修門sectorgate,弧型閘門eccentrichingesectorgate,偏心鉸弧型閘門planegate,平面閘門fixedwheelplanegate,定輪平面閘門trashrack,攔污柵trashrake,清污機預(yù)埋件(embeddedparts)sill,底坎mainguide,主軌auxiliaryguide,副軌reverseguide,反軌sideguide,側(cè)軌lintel,門楣steelliner,鋼襯highpressurewaterpipe,高壓沖水管pressurebalancewaterpipe,沖水平壓管組件/部件(assembly/parts)gateleaf,門葉crank,拐臂arm,支臂seal,水封mainseal,主水封topseal,頂水封sideseal,側(cè)水封bottomseal,底水封auxiliaryseal,輔助水封,節(jié)流器clipplate,壓板slideblock,滑塊reverseslideblock,反向滑塊sideslideblock,側(cè)向滑塊fixedwheel,定輪mainwheel,主輪sidewheel,側(cè)輪ballast,配重liftingear,吊耳liftinglink,拉桿trunnion,支鉸hinge,鉸鏈hingedsupport,鉸座hingedshaft,鉸軸cover,端蓋trunnionbeam,支鉸梁doggingbeam,鎖定量啟閉機(hoist)wireropehoist,固定卷揚機hydraulichoist,液壓啟閉機monorailhoist,單軌啟閉機overheadcrane,橋機bridgecrane,橋機supportframe,機架reducer,減速器motor,電動機pulley,滑輪livepulley,動滑輪fixedpulley,定滑輪equalizerpulley,平衡滑輪drum,卷筒steelwirerope,鋼絲繩positionsensor,高度傳感器loadsensor,荷載傳感器brake,制動器hydraulicsystem,液壓系統(tǒng)oilcylinder,油缸pistonrod,活塞缸pumpstation,泵站oiltank,油箱pipe,管道filter,過濾器accumulator,蓄能器lubricatingoil,潤滑油valve,閥logicvalve,邏輯閥checkvalve,單向閥ballvalve,球閥cartridgevalve,插裝閥solenoidoperateddirectionalvalve,電磁換向閥門式起重機(gantrycrane)rail,軌道liftingmechanism,起升機構(gòu)travelingmechanism,運行機構(gòu)inspectiontrolley,檢修小車gantry,門架supportcolumn,門腿primarybeam,主梁bridgebeam,橫梁crossbeam,端梁sidebeam,邊梁liftingbeam,起吊梁hook,吊勾buffer,緩沖裝置railclampingdevice,夾軌器drivingwheel,主動輪drivenwheel,從動輪其他(others)abnormalvibration,反常震動activate,激活anti-clockwise,逆時針anticorrosion,防腐carryon,繼續(xù)進(jìn)行carryout,執(zhí)行clockwise,順時針commissioning,試運行concentricitydeviation,同心度偏差connect,連接debris,碎片de-energize,斷電detect,探測drytest,無水試驗dynamicloadingtest,動載試驗energize,給加電erection,架立expansion,伸展fasten,扣緊fit,安裝flowingwater,動水gateclosure,閉門gateopening,啟門gatepositionrestoration,門衛(wèi)恢復(fù)idletest,空載試驗impact,碰撞inpressurebalancecondition,平壓條件下liftintoposition,將起吊到位locate,定位lower,降下manualoperation,手動操作noise,噪聲note,記錄operatinggap,運作間隙pack,襯墊particle,微粒perform,執(zhí)行positionaccurately,精確定位precise,精確的pre-set,預(yù)留,預(yù)置pressbutton,按下按紐progressively,逐漸的purity,純度push,推reliable,可靠的residualoil,余油retraction,回縮run,運行secure,保護(hù)sensitive,反應(yīng)靈敏的separatelyorsimultaneously,單獨或同時的setup,架設(shè)setting,設(shè)置,讀數(shù)shim,薄墊片slack,松弛staticloadingtest,靜載試驗stillwater,靜水switchoff,切斷synchronize,同步tighten,擰緊underwaterheadcondition,水壓作用條件下wettest,有水試驗焊接和無損檢驗(weldingandnondestructivetest)焊接(welding)arcstrike,引弧、弧傷arcwelding,電弧焊automaticwelding,自動焊backgouging,背面清根backing,墊板basemetal,母材build-upwelding,堆焊,補焊buttjoint,對接接頭carbonrode,炭棒completefusion,完全融合cornerjoint,角接接頭coveredelectrode,涂料焊條coupon,試件directcurrentelectrodenegative(DCEN),直流電極接負(fù)directcurrentelectrodepositive(DCEP),直流電極接正doublewelding,雙面焊double-bevelgrooveweld,雙斜邊坡口焊縫double-jgrooveweld,雙面J型坡口焊縫double-ugrooveweld,雙面U型坡口焊縫double–Veegrooveweld,雙面V型坡口焊縫electrode,焊條,電極electrodeholder,焊鉗electrosgaswelding,電氣焊electroslagwelding,電渣焊fillermetal,填充金屬filletweld,角焊縫、fullfilletweld,大填角焊縫flatwelding,平焊flux,焊劑fluxcoredarcwelding,藥芯焊絲弧焊forehandwelding,左焊法frictionwelding,摩擦焊fullpenetrationweld,全融透焊縫fusion,熔合fusionline,熔合線grooveweld,坡口焊縫heataffectedzone,熱影響區(qū)horizontalwelding,橫焊lapjoint,搭接接頭machinewelding,機器焊manualwelding,手工焊overheadwelding,仰焊oxyfuelgascutting(OFC),氧燃料氣割oxyfuelgaswelding(OFW),氧燃料氣焊partialpenetrationweld,非全熔透焊縫pass,焊道peening,錘擊plasmaarcwelding,等離子弧焊plugweld,塞焊porosity,氣孔posdtheading,后熱postweldheadtreatment,焊后熱處理preheating,預(yù)熱resistancewelding,電阻焊sealweld,密封焊縫seamwelding,焊縫semi-automaticwelding,半自動焊縫single-bevelgrooveweld,單斜邊坡口焊縫single-Jgrooveweld,單面J型坡口焊縫single-Ugrooveweld,單面U型坡口焊縫single-Vgrooveweld,單面V型坡口焊縫slaginclusion,夾渣spotwelding,點焊squaregrooveweld,直坡口焊縫submergedarcwelding,埋弧焊tackwelding,定位焊undercut,咬邊verticalwelding,立焊weldbead,焊道weldment,焊件無損檢驗(nondestructivetesting)angledbeam,斜射波backscatter,背散射calibrationblock,校準(zhǔn)試塊cleaningagent,清洗劑contactbeam,接觸劑couplaut,偶合劑crimp,褶皺definition,清晰度delayedsweep,延時掃描detergent,去污劑developer,顯像劑double-wallviewing,雙壁透照echo,回波eddycurrentexamination,渦流檢驗emulsifier,乳化劑examinationmedium,檢驗介質(zhì)exposure,暴光imagequalityindicator,象質(zhì)顯示器inspector,檢驗師liquidpenetrantstesting,滲液檢驗magneticparticletesting,磁粉檢驗massspectrometer,質(zhì)譜儀nondestructiveinspection,無損探傷penetrameter,透度計penetrant,滲透計radiographictesting,射線檢驗scan,掃描scratch,滑痕searchunit,探頭single-wallviewing,單壁透照sniffer,嗅探器straightbeam,直射波streak,條紋ultrasonicinstrument,超生儀ultrasonictesting,超聲波檢驗visualtesting,外觀檢驗,目測wheelsearchunit,輪式探頭x-raymachine,X射線水輪機(hydraulicturbine)hydraulicturbine,水輪機reactionturbine,反擊式水輪機impulseturbine,沖擊式水輪機francisturbine,混流式水輪機axialturbine,軸流式水輪機prototypeturbine,原型水輪機ratedhead,額定水頭effectivehead,有效水頭nethead,凈水頭maximalhead,最大水頭minimalhead最小水頭spiralcase,蝸殼stayring,座環(huán)wicketgate,導(dǎo)葉mainshaft,主軸shaftseal,主軸密封couplingflange,連接法蘭runner,轉(zhuǎn)輪runnercrown,轉(zhuǎn)輪上冠runnerband,轉(zhuǎn)輪下冠runnercone,轉(zhuǎn)輪泄水錐runnerblade/bucket,轉(zhuǎn)輪葉片headcover,頂蓋bottomring,底環(huán)dischargering,基礎(chǔ)環(huán)drafttube,尾水管drafttubecone,尾水錐管drafttubeelbow,尾水肘管governor,調(diào)速器governorcubicle/cabinet,調(diào)速器柜oilpressuretank/vessel,壓力油灌oilsumptank,回油灌gatering,控制環(huán)distributor,導(dǎo)水機構(gòu)shearpin,剪斷銷ringgate,筒型筏servomotor,接力器e
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