湖北省楚天協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題 含解析

學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二期末考試高二英語試卷考試時(shí)間：年1月日上午試卷滿分：分注意事項(xiàng)：題卡上的指定位置。選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題號的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.How’stheweatherthisweek?A.Snowy.B.Foggy.C.Sunny.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inashop.C.Inabookstore.3.Howmuchmoneydoesthemanhave?A.$24.B.$225.C.$249.4.Whatdoesthewomanadvicethemantodo?A.Putanicecardontheflowers.B.Buysomeflowersforhisfriends.C.Attendhisfriend’sbirthdayparty.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adrug.B.Anexperiment.C.Afilm.第1頁/共24頁第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.What’sthemandoing?A.areport.B.Enjoyingthemusic.C.Dancingtothemusic.7.Whatdoesthewomanfinallyaskthemantodo?A.themusic.B.Haveatalkwithher.C.Putonhisearphones.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkthelandwouldbecome?A.Farmland.B.Desert.C.Grassland.9.Whatwillhelptheenvironmentmostaccordingtotheman?A.Moreresistingevents.B.Moretreeplanting.C.Bettereducation.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。10.Whereistheman?A.Atagrocerystore.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onafarm.Whatdidthemanputonhisbiscuits?A.Cheese.B.Honey.C.Peanutbutter.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebiscuits?A.Theyarebreakable.B.Theyaretoobig.C.Theytasteterrible.聽第9段材料，回答第至題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Planningaproject.B.HostingaTVprogram.C.Introducinganactivity.14.Whatisamustfortheparents?A.Signingaform.B.Givingpocketmoney.C.Providingsomefood.15.Whereshouldtheremainingstudentsstay?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthegym.C.Athome.16.WhichbusshouldstudentsinGradeSixtake?A.Thefirstbus.B.Thesecondbus.C.Thethirdbus.第2頁/共24頁聽第段材料，回答第至題。17.WhendidManfredSteinergainhismedicaldegree?A.In1951.B.In1955.C.In2000.18.WhatdidhedoinBrownUniversity?A.Hetookundergraduateclasses.B.Hedirectedaresearchprogram.C.Hefoundhisinterestinphysics.19.WhatdidSteiner’sprofessorthinkofhim?A.Stubborn.B.Determined.C.Generous.20.WhatisSteiner’splanforhisfuture?A.adviceonsuccess.B.sharehisstorywithothers.C.helptheresearchinBrownUniversity.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（、、C和）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AinEuropeancountriesarefullofvibrantcitiesburstingwithcultureandsceniclandscapes.abundantmust-seesights,itcomesasnosurprisethatdecidingwhichspotstovisitcanbedifficult.UsethislisttostartplanningyourEuropeangetaway.willappreciateattractivecanalsandhistoricalarchitecture.Keepinmind,though,thatthisextremelypopulardestinationseesmassivecrowds,especiallyduringthewarmermonths.controlovertourism,chargestouristsasmallfeetoenteronselectdates.Plus,gondolaridesandhotelsarepricey,soyou’llwanttobudgetaccordingly.Exploringtheworld-famousBritishMuseum,seeingamusicalintheEndtheaterdistrict,watchingtheChangingoftheGuardatBuckinghamPalaceandsteppingbackintimeattheofLondonareallpartsofthe第3頁/共24頁Londonexperience.However,London’shighhotelpricescanmaketravelerswithtightbudgetsbacksavemoney,bookyouraccommodationsfarinadvance.SpendthedaycyclingthroughAmsterdam’sstylishstreetsbeforeexploringnoteworthymuseumsliketheGoghMuseum.Planapicnicinparkforlunchorchooseaboattouralongthecity’smanycanalswhenit’stimetorestyourfeet.Whileyou’rehere,considerplanningadaytriptooneofAmsterdam’snearbyscenicplaces—UtrechtandLeidenarebothworthvisiting.AvacationinPraguewillleaveyoufeelingasifyou’vesteppedintoafairytale.intheGothicarchitectureandbesuretotourPragueCastle.Plus,Prague’saffordablefoodanddrinks,accommodationsandexcellentpublictransportationmakeitagreatplacefortravelerswhowishtovisitEuropeonabudget.1.WhatshouldbenotedintermsoftravelingA.Bookingyourhotelroominadvance.B.Selectingspecialdatestoreduceyourexpense.C.yourbudgetintoaccountwhenplanning.D.Choosingtoappreciatecanalsandarchitectureinsummer.2.WhatdoLondonandAmsterdamhaveincommon?A.Thereareeconomicalactivitiesfortravelerstochoose.B.Bothawonderfulmuseumexperiencefortravelers.C.Therearestylishtouristattractionsfortravelerstoappreciate.D.Bothareidealdestinationsforpeoplelovingoutdooractivities.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestchoiceforatravelerwithalimitedbudget?A.Prague.B.Amsterdam.C.D.London.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了可以作為2025年歐洲最佳旅游勝地的四個(gè)地方：威尼斯，倫敦，阿姆斯特丹，布拉格?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章部分內(nèi)容“Plus,gondolaridesandhotelsarepricey,soyou’llwanttobudgetaccordingly.()搭乘纜車和住第4頁/共24頁酒店都很貴，游客在作旅行計(jì)劃時(shí)需要制定預(yù)算。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章London部分內(nèi)容“Exploringtheworld-famousBritishMuseum,seeingamusicalintheEndtheater)”可知，在倫敦可以探索大英博物館；而文章Amsterdam部分內(nèi)容“SpendthedaycyclingthroughAmsterdam’sstylishstreetsbeforeexploringnoteworthymuseumsliketheGoghMuseum.(在游覽梵高博物館等著名博物館之前，花一天時(shí)間騎自行車穿過阿姆斯特丹時(shí)尚的街道。)”則提到了可以參觀梵高博物館。由此推知，二者的共同點(diǎn)在于兩者都為游客提供了美妙的博物館體驗(yàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Prague部分內(nèi)容“Plus,Prague’saffordablefoodanddrinks,accommodationsandexcellentpublictransportationmakeitagreatplacefortravelerswhowishtovisitEuropeonabudget.(格價(jià)格實(shí)惠的食品和飲料、住宿和優(yōu)質(zhì)的公共交通使其成為希望在預(yù)算范圍內(nèi)訪問歐洲的旅客的好地方。)”可知，在布拉格，有實(shí)惠的食品和飲料、住宿和優(yōu)質(zhì)的公共交通，即這里的旅游花費(fèi)會比較低。因此，對于預(yù)算有限的旅行者來說，可以選擇布拉格。故選A項(xiàng)。BBeauchmin,amotheroffivechildren,wasapproachedbyherneighbor,Audrey,asinglemotherwiththreechildren.Shewasgoingtothehospitaltogettested,andtherewasnooneshecouldfindtolookafterherkidsotherthanWhenAudreyreturnedhome,shetoldshehadstomachcancer.Audreywasoverwhelmedbythenewsshereceived,anddespitenotknowingeachotherforlong,thewomanaskedifshewouldaccepttobetheguardianofherkidsincaseAudreydied.knewinherhearttherightthingtodo.Audrey’ssicknessprogressedquickly.Shesadlypassedawayafewmonthsafterherdiagnosis(診斷),leavingwithherthreekids.TheBeauchminsmightnotbewellbuttheirheartswererichwithkindness.Theirhomewasnotdesignedforeightkids,buttheyweretryingtomakeithappen.Theywerealsostrugglingtomakeendsmeet.ElizabethThames,aneighborofbothandAudrey,knewabouttheirstoryandwantedtohelp.ShesentalettertotheFox5SurpriseSquadandrecommendedtobetheirnextrecipientofalife-changingsurprise.Thestorymovedtheprogram.Theyvisitedandtookatourofherhome.Theytoldhertostayinatemporaryplacewithherfamilyastheymadethechangessheneeded.Theentirecrewhelpedoutalongwithvariousothergroupsinthecommunity.Carpetswereplaced,thewalls第5頁/共24頁wererepainted,andtheroomswerefixedsothekidswouldhaveprivacyandcomfortastheyAfterafewdaysoutofthehouse,andherfamily,includingAudrey’schildren,returned.Theirreactionswerefilledwithtears,andhowmanypeopleworkedtogethertomakeithappenwasincredible.Apartfromtheincrediblehome,thefamilywasalsogivenfreegroceriesforayearand$1,500fortheireldestsontofindasuitableapartment.4.Whatdiddoafterherneighbourpassedaway?A.Sheredesignedherhouse.B.Shewenttothehospitaltobeexamined.C.Sheaskedpeopleinherneighborhoodforhelp.D.Shetookoverthecareofherneighbor’schildren.5.WhatwasElizabeth’sreactiontotheBeauchmins’situation?A.Sheaskedaprogramtohelpthisfamily.B.Sherecommendedtowritealetter.C.Shevisitedandalargehouse.D.Sheprovidedanapartmentfortheireldestson.6.WhichbestdescribesA.Braveandambitious.B.Determinedandenergetic.C.Kind-heartedandcaring.D.Confidentandenthusiastic.7.Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?A.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B.Goodthingshappentogoodpeople.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.D.Therosesinherhand,theflavorinmine.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了蒂莎·博徹明和家人幫助鄰居的善舉引起了社會關(guān)注和感動(dòng)，大家齊心協(xié)力一起做出種種努力為他們解決生活困難的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Audreywasoverwhelmedbythenewsshereceived,anddespitenotknowingeachotherforlong,thewomanaskedifshewouldaccepttobetheguardianofherkidsincaseAudreydied.knewinherhearttherightthingtodo.(奧黛麗被她收到的消息震驚了，盡管她們認(rèn)識的時(shí)間不長，但這個(gè)女人問蒂莎，如果奧黛麗死了，她是否愿意成為她孩子們的監(jiān)護(hù)人。蒂莎心里知道該怎么做。)”和第四段“Theirhomewasnotdesignedforeightkids,buttheyweretryingtomakeithappen.Theywerealsostruggling第6頁/共24頁tomakeendsmeet.(他們的家不是為八個(gè)孩子設(shè)計(jì)的，但他們正在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。他們也在努力維持收支平衡。)”可知，蒂莎在她的鄰居去世后接手照顧?quán)従拥暮⒆觽儭９蔬xD項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“ElizabethThames,aneighborofbothandAudrey,knewabouttheirstoryandwantedtohelp.ShesentalettertotheFox5SurpriseSquadandrecommendedtobetheirnextrecipientofalife-changingsurprise.(她給?？怂贵@喜小組寫了一封信，推薦蒂莎成為他們下一個(gè)接受改變?nèi)松@喜的人。)”可知，伊麗莎白對波徹明夫婦的處境的反應(yīng)是她申請了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目來幫助這個(gè)家庭。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theirhomewasnotdesignedforeightkids,buttheyweretryingtomakeithappen.Theywerealsostrugglingtomakeendsmeet.(他們的家不是為八個(gè)孩子設(shè)計(jì)的，但他們正在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。他們也在努力維持收支平衡。)”可知，蒂莎雖然家庭困難但仍舊接手照顧?quán)従拥暮⒆觽?，說明她“心地善良，有愛心”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了蒂莎·博徹明和家人幫助鄰居的善舉引起了社會關(guān)注和感動(dòng)，大家齊心協(xié)力一起做出種種努力為他們解決生活困難的故事，所以文章要傳達(dá)的信息是“好人有好報(bào)”。故選B項(xiàng)。CDolphinsandparrotsareknowntoaddresseachotherbyimitatingthesoundstheyhearothermembersoftheirspeciesmake,butonlyhumansareknowntoaddresseachotherusingnamestheymakeup.However,thismightnotbethecase.elephantsrespondtoindividualnamesinthesamewayashumans,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.Intendingtofindoutwhetherelephantsmightbeusingmade-upnames,too,MichaelPardo,abehavioralecologistatColoradoStateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesfirstidentified469callsor“rumbles”madebywildAfricanelephantslivinginAmboseliNationalParkandSamburuandSpringsNationalReservesinKenya.Eachofthevocalizations(發(fā)聲)hadaknowncallerandaknownreceiver,andanalgorithm(算法)wasusedtopredictwhichofthesesoundswerepotentialnamesandwhichelephanttheywerelikelytodescribe.Next,theresearchersplayedrecordingsofthese“names”todifferentelephantsandfoundthatelephantsrespondedmoreenthusiasticallytotheirownnamethantheydidtothenamesofothers.Whentheyheardtheirnames,theyapproachedthespeakermorequicklyandrespondedmorevocally.Thefindingssuggestthatelephants第7頁/共24頁havespecificvocalizationsornamesforeachother,andthattheycanrecognizethesenames,evenwhentheyoccuroutofcontext.Name-callingwasmorecommonwhenanimalswerecommunicatingoverlongdistances,theauthorsfound,andalsowhenadultsweretalkingtotheirbabies.Theyoungwerelesslikelythanadultstousenames,suggestingthattheabilitytodesignandusenamesisaskillthattakesyearstolearn.Elephantsareintelligentcreaturesthatliveincomplexsocialgroups.Theyusesound,sight,scentandtouchtocommunicatewitheachother,andtheircallsareknowntocommunicatearichstreamofinformation,includingdetailsaboutage,sex,emotionandbehavioralintention.Theabilitytodesignandlinkasoundwiththeidentityofanotheranimalsuggeststhatelephantshaveapreviouslyunappreciateddepthofcognitiveability—theymaybecapableofabstractthought.8.Whyarehumansmentionedinparagraph1?A.bringupthetopic.B.tellreaderstheabilityofhumans.C.providethebackgroundinformation.D.provehumansaredistinctfromsomeanimals.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheelephants’responsetothese“names”?A.Elephantsareactiveandenthusiasticanimals.B.Elephantsreactdifferentlywhenbeingcalled.C.Elephantsaregoodatmakinguptheirownnames.D.Elephantscanrecognizeothers’callingtheirnames.10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinparagraph4?A.elephantsdislikeusingnames.B.Longdistancemakesitamusttousename-calling.C.Elephants’abilitytousenamescanbeenhancedastheyD.Peopletendtocalltheirchildren’snameswhentalkingtothem.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.reportaresearchonelephants’behavior.B.analyseswhyelephantsdesignandusenames.C.callonpeopletopayattentiontoelephants’cognitiveability.D.showthesimilaritybetweenelephantsandhumansinbehavior.第8頁/共24頁【答案】8.A9.D10.CA【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)野生大象能像人類一樣使用“名字”交流，這表明大象可能具有抽象思維的能力?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Dolphinsandparrotsareknowntoaddresseachotherbyimitatingthesoundstheyhearothermembersoftheirspeciesmake,butonlyhumansareknowntoaddresseachotherusingnamestheymakeup.However,thismightnotbethecase.elephantsrespondtoindividualnamesinthesamewayashumans,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.(眾所周知，海豚和鸚鵡會通過模仿同類發(fā)出的聲音來稱呼對方，但只有人類會用自己編造的名字來稱呼對方。然而，情況可能并非如此。根據(jù)發(fā)表在《自然生態(tài)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究，野生大象對個(gè)人名字的反應(yīng)與人類相同)”可知，這里先提到人在名字的使用上有別于一些動(dòng)物，然后指出大象也對名字有反應(yīng)，下文都是圍繞大象的這一反應(yīng)展開。由此推知，提到人類是為了引出關(guān)于大象有類似用名字交流行為的話題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Next,theresearchersplayedrecordingsofthese“names”todifferentelephantsandfoundthatelephantsrespondedmoreenthusiasticallytotheirownnamethantheydidtothenamesofothers.Whentheyheardtheirnames,theyapproachedthespeakermorequicklyandrespondedmorevocally.(給不同的大象播放這些“名字”的錄音，發(fā)現(xiàn)大象對自己的名字的反應(yīng)比對其他大象的名字的反應(yīng)更熱情。當(dāng)他們聽到自己的名字時(shí)，他們會更快地接近說話者，并做出更大聲的回應(yīng))”可知，大象對自己的名字的反應(yīng)更強(qiáng)烈，回應(yīng)更積極。由此推知，大象能夠識別出是在叫它們自己的名字。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyoungwerelesslikelythanadultstousenames,suggestingthattheabilitytodesignandusenamesisaskillthattakesyearstolearn.(設(shè)計(jì)和使用名字的能力是一項(xiàng)需要多年學(xué)習(xí)的技能)”可知，大象設(shè)計(jì)和使用名字的能力是需要慢慢習(xí)得的。由此推知，隨著成長，它們使用名字的能力會增強(qiáng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“elephantsrespondtoindividualnamesinthesamewayashumans,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在《自然生態(tài)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究，野生大象對個(gè)人名字的反應(yīng)與人類相同)”可知，文章圍繞研究人員對大象是否使用名字進(jìn)行交流的研究展開，介紹了研究過程、發(fā)現(xiàn)等內(nèi)容。由此推知，文章的主要目的是報(bào)告關(guān)第9頁/共24頁于大象行為的一項(xiàng)研究。故選A項(xiàng)。Dfreshwaterlobsters(龍蝦)nativetoAustralia,cantoleratehightemperaturesanddrought,andhardlyneedanyoxygenintheirwater.evenforthem,theDarlingRiver,whichsnakesthroughwesternNewSouthisprovinguninhabitable.Crowdsofyabbieswererecentlyseengettingoutofwater.OnMarch17ththeriverwasblanketedbymillionsofdeadfreshwaterfish.GraemeMeCrabb,alocal,estimatesthe“l(fā)ineofdeadfish”stretchesover100km.ThemassfishdeathisthelatestillustrationofhowclimatechangeiscombiningwithmismanagementtoharmAustralia’sfragileenvironment.TheDarlingformsonearmoftheMurray-Darlingbasin,avastriversystemthatcoversmuchofQueenslandandSouthAustralia.Thesystemsupports40%ofAustralia’sagriculturalproduction.Butitisinadesperatestate.Climatechangeisbringingmoreextremeheatanddrought,whichcausedtheprevious“massmortality”intheDarlingRiversystemin2018and2019.Droughtbroughttherivertoastop,exhaustingitsoxygen.Butthewarmingclimateisalsobringingmoreextremerainfallandflooding.whichisbehindthelatestdie-off.EasternAustraliahashadthreeyearsofheavyrainfall.ThissummertheDarlingburstitsbanks,floodingtownsandwashingtonsofchemicalsandorganicmatterintothewater.Thathascausedbacteriatoflourish,consumingoxygenfromit,saysRichardKingsford,anecologistattheUniversityofNewSouthAheatwavemayhaveworsenedthis“blackwaterevent”,sincewarmwaterholdslessoxygen.ThemanydamsthatlinetheDarlingthenmadeithardorimpossibleforfishtoescapetohealthierwater.Somillionsdiedandtheirdecomposition(腐爛)inturndrewmoreoxygenfromtheriver,worseningthecycle.Over-exploitation(過度開采)oftheMurray-Darling’swatershasmadethesystemespeciallydefenselesstosuchshocks.Awater-sharinginitiativelaunchedin2012wassupposedtohelpconservation,yetthereislittleevidencethatithasimprovedthebasin’shealth.ForRobertMcBride,whoownsavastsheepstationnearMenindee,theDarlingispaying“thesupremesacrificefortotalmismanagementoftheriversystem”.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uninhabitable”inparagraphImean?A.Abnormal.B.Uncomfortable.C.Unlivable.D.Fundamental.13.Howmanyfactorsarerelevanttothedecreaseofoxygenlevelintheriver?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.14.Howisparagraph4mainlydeveloped?A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzingcauseand第10頁/共24頁C.Bylistingdifferentpossibilities.D.Bygivingexamplesoffishdeath.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Australia—frequentdroughtandfloodB.Darling—animportantriverinAustraliaC.Australia—worseandworseclimateandenvironmentD.Darling—massfishdeathfromclimatechangeandmismanagement【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了澳大利亞達(dá)令河的淡水魚大量死亡事件，闡述了氣候變化和管理不善共同作用導(dǎo)致這一現(xiàn)象的原因，揭示了澳大利亞脆弱的環(huán)境狀況?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“freshwaterlobsters(龍蝦)nativetoAustralia,cantoleratehightemperaturesanddrought,andhardlyneedanyoxygenintheirwater.evenforthem,theDarlingRiver,whichsnakesthroughwesternNewSouthisprovingCrowdsofyabbieswererecentlyseengettingoutofwater.(原產(chǎn)于澳大利亞的淡水龍蝦亞比蝦能忍受高溫和干旱，且水中幾乎不需要氧氣。然而，即使對它們來說，蜿蜒穿過新南威爾士州西部的達(dá)令河也被證明是uninhabitable。最近可以看到成群的亞比蝦從水里出來)”可知，亞比蝦生存能力很強(qiáng)，但都從達(dá)令河出來了，說明達(dá)令河的狀況很糟糕，不適合居住了。由此可知，劃線詞uninhabitable意思是“不適合居住的”，與“Unlivable”意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】Droughtbroughttherivertoastop,exhaustingitsoxygen.(氧氣)”、第四段“ThissummertheDarlingburstitsbanks,floodingtownsandwashingtonsofchemicalsandorganicmatterintothewater.Thathascausedbacteriatoflourish,consumingoxygenfromit,saysRichardKingsford,anecologistattheUniversityofNewSouthAheatwavemayhaveworsenedthis“blackwaterevent”,sincewarmwaterholdslessoxygen.(今年夏天，達(dá)令河決堤，淹沒了城鎮(zhèn)，將大量化學(xué)物質(zhì)和有機(jī)物沖入水中。新南威爾士大學(xué)的生態(tài)學(xué)家理查德·金斯福德說，這導(dǎo)致細(xì)菌大量繁殖，消耗水中的氧氣。熱浪可能使這種“黑水事件”更加嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)闇厮趿枯^低)”以及第四段“ThemanydamsthatlinetheDarlingthenmadeithardorimpossibleforfishtoescapetohealthierwater.Somillionsdiedandtheirdecomposition(腐爛)inturndrewmoreoxygenfromtheriver,worseningthecycle(達(dá)令河沿岸的許多水壩使魚類很難或不可能逃到更健康的水域。因此，數(shù)百萬條魚死亡，它們的腐爛反過來從河流中吸取更多氧氣，使這個(gè)循環(huán)更加惡化)”可知，干旱、細(xì)菌繁殖、熱浪、魚的腐爛這四個(gè)因素與河水中氧氣水平的下降有關(guān)。第11頁/共24頁故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段先提到“EasternAustraliahashadthreeyearsofheavyrainfall.ThissummertheDarlingburstitsbanks,floodingtownsandwashingtonsofchemicalsandorganicmatterintothewater.(東澳大利亞已經(jīng)有三年的強(qiáng)降雨。今年夏天，達(dá)令河決堤，淹沒了城鎮(zhèn)，將大量化學(xué)物質(zhì)和有機(jī)物沖入水中)”這是事件的Thathascausedbacteriatoflourish,consumingoxygenfromit,saysRichardKingsford,anecologistattheUniversityofNewSouthAheatwavemayhaveworsenedthis“blackwaterevent”,sincewarmwaterholdslessoxygen.ThemanydamsthatlinetheDarlingthenmadeithardorimpossibleforfishtoescapetohealthierwater.Somillionsdiedandtheirdecomposition(腐爛)inturndrewmoreoxygenfromtheriver,worseningthecycle(RichardKingsford致細(xì)菌滋生，消耗了河水中的氧氣。熱浪可能使這種“黑水事件”惡化，因?yàn)闇厮懈俚难鯕?。接著，達(dá)令河沿岸眾多的大壩使得魚類難以或無法逃到更健康的水域。因此，數(shù)百萬條魚死亡，它們的腐爛反過來又從河流中消耗了更多的氧氣，使這個(gè)惡性循環(huán)進(jìn)一步惡化)”可知，本段先陳述原因，再引出結(jié)果。由此推知，這一段是通過分析因果關(guān)系來展開的。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Crowdsofyabbieswererecentlyseengettingoutofwater.OnMarch17ththeriverwasblanketedbymillionsofdeadfreshwaterfish.GraemeMeCrabb,alocal,estimatesthe“l(fā)ineofdeadfish”stretchesover100km.(3月17“死魚帶”綿延超過100公里)量死亡；根據(jù)第二段“ThemassfishdeathisthelatestillustrationofhowclimatechangeiscombiningwithmismanagementtoharmAustralia’sfragileenvironment.(這次大規(guī)模的魚類死亡是氣候變化與管理不善共同損害澳大利亞脆弱環(huán)境的最新例證)”以及最后一段“Over-exploitation(過度開采)oftheMurray-Darling’swatershasmadethesystemespeciallydefenselesstosuchshocks.Awater-sharinginitiativelaunchedin2012wassupposedtohelpconservation,yetthereislittleevidencethatithasimprovedthebasin’shealth.ForRobertMcBride,whoownsavastsheepstationnearMenindee,theDarlingispaying“thesupremesacrificefortotalmismanagementoftheriversystem”(對默累-達(dá)令河水的過度開采使得該系統(tǒng)對此類沖擊尤其缺乏抵抗力。2012年啟動(dòng)的一項(xiàng)水資源共享計(jì)劃本應(yīng)有助于保護(hù)資源，但幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明它改善了該流域的健康狀況。對在門寧迪附近擁有大片牧場的羅伯特·RobertMcBride管理不善付出“終極犧牲”)”可知，本文主要講的是對達(dá)令河管理不善導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模魚類死亡。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“Darling—massfishdeathfromclimatechangeandmismanagement(達(dá)令河——?dú)夂蜃兓凸芾聿簧茖?dǎo)第12頁/共24頁致的大規(guī)模魚類死亡)”適合用作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。mayhavehearditbefore:Lifebeginsattheendofyourcomfortzone,andnothinggrowsinyourcomfortzone.Butthatiseasierunderstoodthandone.Ofcourse,livinglifeinyourcomfortzonehasobviousbenefits:lowstress,reducedanxietyandgeneralfeelingsofwell-being.____16____Beloware4hugebenefitsofsteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone.____17____Somanypeoplewakeupeverydaywiththatachingfeelingofunderachievementandtherealizationthatthey’renotentirelylivingtheirlifetothefull.Growth,forwardmotivationandrhythmandanew-foundlevelofproductivityallleadyoutoafeelingoffindingyourbeststateinlifeasyouachieveyourfullpotential.Indoingso,you’llcreateanewsourceofextremesatisfaction.Pushingyourboundaries.Steppingoutsideyourcomfortzonecanmakeyoutrainyourbraintodealwithnewsituationsandcreatenewneural(神經(jīng)的)pathways.____18____Thatmakeyouabetterproblem-solver,decision-makerandleader.Enhancingyouradaptabilitytowhatevercomesyourway.Thingscanhappenthatwilldragyourightoutofyourcomfortablelife.Lifetransitionsareallaboutchange.____19____Boostingyourself-confidence.____20____Andthatwillboostyourself-confidence,whichinturncanpushyoutoachievemore,especiallyifyouworkedhard,challengedyourself,andsawitthrough.A.Achievinggreaterself-fulfillment.B.Feelinglessstressedandfrustrated.C.Thusyoubecomemoreproductiveandmorecreative.D.Eventually,itcontributestogreatersuccessinyourlife.E.Achievementsoutsidecomfortzoneexhibityourimprovementofability.F.However,itcanalsomakeyoufeellikeyourlifeischangelesseveryday.G.Themoreopenyouaretonewpossibilities,themoreadaptableyouwillbe.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了走出舒適區(qū)可以帶來自我實(shí)現(xiàn)、提高創(chuàng)造力、增強(qiáng)適應(yīng)性和提升自信等四大好處?！?6題詳解】第13頁/共24頁由上文“Ofcourse,livinglifeinyourcomfortzonehasobviousbenefits:lowstress,reducedanxietyandgeneralfeelingsofwell-being.(當(dāng)然，生活在你的舒適區(qū)有明顯的好處：壓力低、焦慮減少和整體幸福感。)”和下文“Beloware4hugebenefitsofsteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone.(以下是走出舒適區(qū)的4大好處。)”可知，上文講述了生活在舒適區(qū)的好處，下文講述走出舒適區(qū)的好處，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)生活在舒適區(qū)的弊端。F選項(xiàng)“However,itcanalsomakeyoufeellikeyourlifeischangelesseveryday.(然而，它也可能讓你覺得你的生活每天都一成不變。)”是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折句，指出了生活在舒適區(qū)的另一個(gè)可能的問題，為下文講述走出舒適區(qū)的好處做了鋪墊，符合題意。故選F。【17題詳解】由下文“Somanypeoplewakeupeverydaywiththatachingfeelingofunderachievementandtherealizationthatthey’renotentirelylivingtheirlifetothefull.Growth,forwardmotivationandrhythmandanew-foundlevelofproductivityallleadyoutoafeelingoffindingyourbeststateinlifeasyouachieveyourfullpotential.Indoingso,you’llcreateanewsourceofextremesatisfaction.(他們并沒有完全過上充實(shí)的生活。成長、前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力和節(jié)奏，以及新發(fā)現(xiàn)的生產(chǎn)力水平，都會讓你在充分發(fā)揮潛力的同時(shí)，找到生活中最好的狀態(tài)。這樣做，你會創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新的極端滿足感來源。)”可知，下文講述了走出舒適區(qū)能讓自己由滿足感。因此，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)走出舒適區(qū)能實(shí)現(xiàn)自我滿足。A選項(xiàng)“Achievinggreaterself-fulfillment.(實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的自我滿足。)”能概括下文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選A。【18題詳解】由上文“Pushingyourboundaries.Steppingoutsideyourcomfortzonecanmakeyoutrainyourbraintodealwithnewsituationsandcreatenewneural(神經(jīng)的)pathways.(新情況并創(chuàng)造新的神經(jīng)通路。)”可知，上文講述了走出舒適區(qū)對大腦的好處，本空應(yīng)承接上文，并解釋大腦訓(xùn)練帶來的具體好處。C選項(xiàng)“Thusyoubecomemoreproductiveandmorecreative.(因此，你變得更有生產(chǎn)力和更有創(chuàng)造力。)”解釋了大腦訓(xùn)練帶來的具體好處，能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?9題詳解】由上文“Enhancingyouradaptabilitytowhatevercomesyourway.Thingscanhappenthatwilldragyourightoutofyourcomfortablelife.Lifetransitionsareallaboutchange.(提高你對任何事物的適應(yīng)能力?？赡軙l(fā)生一些事情，把你從舒適的生活中拖出來。生活的轉(zhuǎn)變都是關(guān)于變化的。)”可知，這里講述了提高適應(yīng)能力的重G選項(xiàng)“Themoreopenyouaretonewpossibilities,themoreadaptableyouwillbe.(你對新的可能性越開放，你的適應(yīng)能力就越強(qiáng)。)”進(jìn)一步解釋了適應(yīng)能力與對新可能性的開放程度的關(guān)系，符合題意。故選G?！?0題詳解】第14頁/共24頁由上文“Boostingyourself-confidence.(增強(qiáng)你的自信心。)”可知，上文講述了走出舒適區(qū)能增強(qiáng)自信心，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步解釋為什么走出舒適區(qū)能增強(qiáng)自信心。E選項(xiàng)“Achievementsoutsidecomfortzoneexhibityourimprovementofability.(在舒適區(qū)之外的成就展示了你的能力提升。)”引出了在舒適區(qū)之外取得成就對自信心的提升作用，能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共小題，每小題1分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Atjust18yearsold,Jordanhasalready____21____forhimselfasahighschoolseniorwitharemarkablygoodheart.Hisrecentactof____22____hasnotonlywarmedheartsbutalsogainedwidespreadattention.atagrocerystore,hasbeenbagginggroceriesforhoursonend.____23____hisbusylife,hemanagedtomakeasignificant____24____onsomeoneelse’slife,showingthatsometimes,thepeoplewithlesscangivealotmore.storytookaturntowardstheextraordinarywhenhe____25____anelderlycustomeratthegrocerystore.Thiscustomer,facinga(n)____26____offunds,wasunabletopayforallhisgroceries.____27____this,feltastrongsenseofjustice.Hedecidedthathecouldn’t____28____andwatchsomeoneinneedgowithoutbasic___29___.Inaheartfeltgesture,reachedintohisownpocketand____30____theelderlyman$35,makingsurehecouldpayforhisgroceries.Thisactwasespecially____31____consideringhadnevermetthemanbefore.Itwasn’tabout____32____orobligation.When____33____abouthisnobledeed,sharedhisguidingprinciple:treatingpeoplethewayhewantstobetreatedandhelpingthoseinneed.actofgenerositydidnotgo____34____.Inspiredbyhisselflessness,peopletosupporthim,leadingtothecreationofaGoFundMecampaign.Theessenceofstoryliesinthepowerful____35____thatthere’sstillalotofroomforkindnessintheworld,evenonascaleassmallas21.A.madeitB.madesenseC.madeanameD.madeadifference22.A.kindnessB.ambitionC.protectionD.participation23.A.AmongB.AboutC.DespiteD.Throughout24.A.interventionB.impactC.adaptationD.transformation25.A.contactedB.motivatedC.encounteredD.accompanied26.A.realityB.stressC.absenceD.shortage第15頁/共24頁27.A.B.EvaluatingC.RecallingD.Shifting28.A.subscribetoB.standbyC.giveinD.setout29.A.reliabilityB.consumptionC.comfortsD.necessities30.A.handedB.borrowedC.exposedD.produced31.A.elegantB.meaningfulC.unreasonableD.strange32.A.competenceB.expectationC.ambitionD.familiarity33.A.suspectedB.highlightedC.interviewedD.revealed34.A.unfinishedB.unnoticedC.unbelieva