《CET完型填空》課件

完型填空注意事項a.跟著感覺走（語感）：重視第一反應，不要輕易改答案b.正確選項：往往是相對簡單的單詞C.20個選項：一般n：3,v：5,adj：2其他詞做題步驟

1.瀏覽全文skimming（2-3分鐘）：抓住首句，理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)。把握感情色彩2.初選答案（8-10分鐘）a.首先從語法和詞匯入手*詞義與句型

*固定搭配*邏輯關(guān)系(P53.68.71)

b.從句意入手先易后難，逐一排除3.回頭補缺，核實答案（10-15分鐘）主線：1.主題句.a文章主題b段落主題2.一致關(guān)系a詞匯一致b語法一致C上下邏輯關(guān)系一致邏輯關(guān)系詞語

表示并列關(guān)系的:and,andalso,neithernor,eitheror,similary,likewise,inthesameway,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand.etc

表示讓步關(guān)系的:although,though,eventhough,nomatter…,evenif,inspiteof,nevertheless

邏輯關(guān)系詞語表示因果關(guān)系的:so,becauseas,therefore,thus,,accordingly,consequently,asaresult,etc.

表示列舉關(guān)系的:first,second,third…,firstly,secondly…,next,inthefirstplace,foronething,tobeginwith,toconclude,etc.1)Geographerscompareandcontrast________placesintheworld.A.similarB.variousC.distantD.famous2)somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow,butinsomeplaceitisvery________AdeepBhighCcoldDdangerous3)Whenourfriendshappyandup,thattendstoinfluenceusPositively___,whentheydown,thatcanhavea___impactonusA.forB.butC.inD.byA.relativeBdecisiveCnegativeDsensitive技巧(一)第一個空的解題方法Ⅰ固定搭配Ⅱ感情色彩例．1.weshouldexpectseeconsumersinapostivemoodstateevaluateproductsinmoreof------mannersAcasualBcriticalCseriousDfavorable2Itisaendeavorproject,easilysurlpassingthescaleofsuchprevioushuman__asthePananmaCanalAbehaviorsBendeavorsCinventionsDelementsⅢ以名詞為發(fā)散中心例．Withinthenextfifteenyearsmanhadgonetothemoon,searchingbeneathits___anddustysoilforsignsoflife.A.wetB.dampC.moistD.dry技巧(二)相似相反原則排除同性元素：排除選項中有2-3個表達同一個意思并詞性完全一樣的單詞例:Mygrandmotherworkedhardallday,makingbutter,washingclothes,cleaningthehouse,andeven____inthefieldwhenhelpwasscarce.

A.workedB.workingC.playD.playing技巧(三)尋找同現(xiàn)

同現(xiàn)是指在文章中,一組具有共同傾向性詞匯.講述一定的話題例：例Campshavebeguntocloseasthey----intendedtobepermanetAyetBonceCneverDever

技巧(4)運用已知的社會常識或背景解題

☆這體現(xiàn)了做完型填空的主線：利用已知道信息推測未信息Interstatehigwaysmakeseconimicgrowthbymakingthingsless---AexclusiveBcomparativeCcompetiveDexpensive例1：IndiaorWestAfrica,wherethereisalong81ofspeakingEnglishforgeneralcommunicationpurposes,youshould…Ontheotherhand,ifyouliveinacountrywherethereisnotraditionaluseofEnglish，…A)customB)useC)traditionD)habit例4：Ournewhouseisvery________formeasIcangettotheofficeinfiveminutes.[A]adaptable [B]comfortable

[C]convenient [D]available技巧尋找復現(xiàn)復現(xiàn)相同的單詞在文章中不同地方出現(xiàn)例.1Laguagepermitscommunicatesaboutanything----thingslikethingsthathaveneverexistedAonlyBalmostCevenDjust例.2Theforeignresearchscholarusuallyisolateshimselfinthelaboratoryasameansofprotection;_________whathereallyneedsistobefittedintoahighlyorganizeduniversitysystem.

A.otherwiseB.moreover

C.howeverD.also技巧運用邏輯關(guān)系解題表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的:but,however,yet,inspiteofalthough,though,onthecontraryunfortunately

表示遞進關(guān)系的:even,besidesfurthermore,likewisemoreover,inaddition,what'smore,.notonly…..butalso只能用That不能用which的情況1。先行詞為序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞形容詞的最高級時候2。不定代詞如anythingnothingtheoneall等做先行詞時3。在therebe句型中4。先行詞有theonlythevery修飾時5。先行詞既有人又有物時后面加動名詞集錦preventpractisestandforgivesuggestKeepbeusedtodevoteoneselftobebusylookforwardtoitisworthCannothelp動詞后面省略TO集錦Hadbetter(not)doWouldratherdothandoSeewatchhearsmellmakelethavehelpNeedwantrequiredeservedemand后面可以接doing也可以接tobedone表示相同的意思ThedeskneedsreparingThedeskneedstoberepaired技巧(五)動詞切入點主語是人還是物doubt接人manifest接物物理性與抽象性enhance提高play打球tighten褒貶一致exposurescandal及物與不及物makeletgethelpsee

技巧(七)名詞切入點A名詞做主語主謂搭配是否一致B名詞做賓語動賓搭配是否一致C名詞處于先行詞who／whom人where地點why原因When時間which人或物☆不管以動詞,名詞或其它詞性為切入點,當沒有解題方法時候,均可以一核心名詞為切入點閱讀理解與完型填空的關(guān)系

Ⅰ閱讀理解解題的三條主線

A傳統(tǒng)(經(jīng)典)解題回文定位1.顯性信息時間,地點,人物,大寫字母,長難單詞,但是不能用核心名詞來定位2.自然段原則

3.上下卡位答案1,原文重現(xiàn)------快速閱讀2,同替換義------精細閱讀

B猜題1.上下題目互給信息2.相似相反原則3.主旨靠近主旨覆蓋C選擇題本身特點1排除法絕對性詞語,精細閱讀中照抄原文的,主旨與推斷題目中細節(jié)信息2.代入法解決詞匯語義題Ⅱ完型填空A傳統(tǒng)的解題方法1固定搭配2邏輯關(guān)系3以動詞為切入點4以名詞為切入點5感情色彩B經(jīng)典解題技巧6尋找復現(xiàn)7尋找同現(xiàn)8已有的社會常識和背景9以核心名詞為發(fā)散中心C選擇題目本身的特點10排除同性元素

我

永

恒

曾經(jīng)有一份愛情出現(xiàn)在我面前，我沒有好好珍惜，如果再給我一次機會的話，我會對我愛的人說“我愛你”，如果要加一個期限的話我希望是一萬年

語法大項

虛擬語氣定義：表示說話人的主觀愿望或者假想.所以所說的條件一般是與現(xiàn)實相反的,時態(tài)退后最大的特點

一)用于非真實條件下的狀語從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反例：IfIweregirl,Iwouldmarryyou.Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpyou.條件狀語從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If＋主語＋動詞過去式(動詞be的過去時態(tài)均用were)主語＋would(should)＋動詞原形條件狀語從句主句

與過去事實相反If＋主語＋動詞過去式(haddone)主語＋would(should)＋Havedone※如果有now,today等表示現(xiàn)在的標志詞主語＋would(should)＋動詞原形例1.Ifyouhadworkedharder,youwouldhavepasstheCET4練習IfMarryhadnotbeenbadlyhurtinaccident,she----inlastmonth’SmarathonraceAwouldparticipateCmightparticipateBwouldhaveparticipateDmustparticipate條件狀語從句主句與將來事實相反謂語動詞的過去式主語＋would(should)＋動詞原形謂語用wereto＋動詞原形謂語用should＋動詞原形例1.Ifhesucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifheshould(wereto)succeeded,everythingwouldbeallright----todothework,IshoulddoitsomeotherdayAIfwereIBIwereCwereIDwas★如果虛擬條件從句中含有wereshould或had可將if省略,再把wereshould或had移到從句句首,進行倒裝.Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpyouwerehehere,hewouldhelpyouI★注意如果說wereInottodo而不能說weren’tInottodo二)用于名詞性從句3.Theprofessorrequiredthat-----(我們交報告)bytheendofmonth(2006.06)切塊：我們we,交handin,報告report,研究researchWeshouldhandintheresearchreport1)Ordersuggestpropose(proposal)requiredemandrequestinsistcommandideaadviceplan等表示命令,請求,建議,命令,要求等一類詞在從句中(should)★＋動詞原形例句ImakeaproposalthatweshouldholdameeeingnextweekAYourpalefacesuggeststhatyoushouldbeillBYourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareillCIinsistthatyoushouldbewrongDIinsistthatyouwerewrong★Suggest不表示建議而表示“暗示表明”時候用陳述語氣insist不表示堅持要某人做某事時而表示“堅持認為”的的時候要用陳述語氣2)wish用法IwishIwerehandsomeboy(事實上并沒有)Hewishhehadn’tsaidthat(事實上已經(jīng)講了)3)Itis(high)timethat在句型中的應用Itis(high)timethat后面的從句謂語動詞要用過去式或用should＋動詞原形AItis(high)timethatthechildrenwenttobedBItis(high)timethatthechildrenshouldgotobed4)ifonly用法a.ifonly表示如果…就好了ifonlyIwereahandsomeboyb.onlyif表示只有……才Iwakeuponlyiftheclockrings

倒裝

知識要點:倒裝分完全倒裝與部分倒裝兩種類型，重點是部分倒裝，即只有系動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞參與的倒裝。常見的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為四大類：1、否定倒裝。指否定副詞或否定的副詞性結(jié)構(gòu)（hardly,seldom,scarcely,never,little,nowhere,，undernocircumstances,innoway，nosooner[…than]）hardly..whennotuntil用于句首時所導致的倒裝。例1.IhaveneverseensobeatifulgirlNeverhaveIseensobeatifulgirl.例2.ThemontherdidnotleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleepNotuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom★notuntil﹢時間狀語（正常語序）﹢助動詞﹢主語他剛試著使用這臺機器它就不轉(zhuǎn)了----------------------------------thanitdidnotworkNosoonerthanTrytouseHehadtriedtouseNosoonehadhetriedtousethemachine2、虛擬倒裝。指在IF引導的虛擬條件句中，將IF省略，把should,had,were提至主語前，形成倒裝。e.g.WereIyou,I’llneverpromisetodothat.3、強調(diào)倒裝。為突出強調(diào)某一成分而將它提至句首時，實行倒裝：句子結(jié)構(gòu)要求倒裝：如：only等例youlearnEnglishwellonlyinthiswayonlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell4、省略倒裝。涉及詞語包括so,neither,norTomcanspeakEnglishsocanjackIfyouwon’tgo,neitherwillIShelikeswimmingsodoIShelikeswimmingsoshedose★當引出的句子用于對上文的內(nèi)容加以肯定或證實時候,不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),意思為“的確如此”動詞的非謂語形式1有一個女孩子坐在那里thereisagirlsittingthere2.在中國人們講什么樣的語言Whatislanguagespokeninchina★動詞做后置定語時，要看該動詞與之前名詞的關(guān)系，如果是主動關(guān)系，則為ing形式，如果是被動關(guān)系，則為過去分詞形式真題演練母親看著她受傷的兒子送進手術(shù)室Themotherwacthedherinjuredsontakenintotheoperatingroom3.-----fromthemoon.XiaMenisverybeatifulAsawB.seeingCseenDbeingsen例Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists-----AdoctorscametotheirrescueBthetallbuidingcollapsedCanemergencywastakenDwarningweregiventotourists4.-----isafineday,wearegoingtotravel.AwhatBItisCItbeingDItwas★動詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當于狀語。或者是表語，在句子中充當時間，原因，地點等該句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般1。有兩個不同的主語2，中間有逗號隔開這個時候應該將其謂語動詞變成being第一步：首先快速瀏覽句子，先看英語不看漢語，從而判斷劃線處所填句子的形式、時態(tài)。所謂形式包括：1．詞組固定搭配（不定式短語、分詞短語、動名詞、句子等）2．虛擬3．被動所謂時態(tài)是指：根據(jù)前后已經(jīng)給出的英語句子判斷所填英語句子的時態(tài)。第二步：看括號里面的漢語句子，★以核心謂語動詞為切入點，找準主謂賓、分清定狀補。第三步：先翻譯主謂賓、后翻譯定狀補，★切塊對應翻譯，重新組合。動詞注意時態(tài)，名詞注【CET-4：2006.6】87．Havingspentsometimeinthecity，hehadnotrouble__________(找到去歷史博物館的路).【句意】在城市里待了一些時間后，他能毫不費力地找到去歷史博物館的路?！窘馕觥款}干中已經(jīng)給出havenotrouble，說明考查的是have(no)trouble(in)doingsth．這一詞組的用法，因此可以斷定，考點之一必然是答案需要使用動名詞形式。“找到去……的路”應該用findthewayto。虛擬語氣1.Thevictim-----(本來有機會活下來)ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime(2006.12)正常語序ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintimeThevictim-----(本來有機會活下來)活survive有機會haveachanceWoudhaveachancetosurvived2.Ifshehadreturnedanhourearlier,Mary---(就不會被大雨淋了)(2009.06)被雨淋Catchin大雨heavyrainWoudnothavebeencaughtinheavyrain3.Theprofessorrequiredthat-----(我們交報告)bywednsday(2006.06)切塊：我們we,交handin,報告report,研究researchWeshouldhandintheresearchreport倒裝1.Notonly-------(他向我收費過高),buthedidnotdoagoodrepaireither收費charge過高收費overcharge時態(tài)過去式Heoverchargedmedidheovercharge★2.---------(直到他完成使命)didherealizethathewasseriouslyillHerealizedthathewasseriouslyill---------(直到他完成使命)完成finish使命missiontask直到untilNotuntilhehadfinishedthemissionHavingspentsometimeinthecity,he----(找到去歷史博物館)hadnotroublethewaytothehistorymuseum(2006.06)切塊.---找到Find去…路thewayto歷史history博物館museum答案---fingdingthewaytothehistorymuseum.狀語從句1)時間狀語從句Somepsychhologistsclaimthatpeople---(出門在外時可能會感到孤獨)2006.12切塊--feellonelybeawayfromhome答案---mayfeellonelywhentheyareawayfromhome條件狀語從句

pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning(如果你方便的話)200612Ifitisconvenientforyou1.SincemychildIhavefoundthattome-------(沒有什么比讀書更有吸引力)nothingismorethanreading2.Themoreyouexplain-------(我愈加迷惑)themoreconfusedIam名詞性從句----(大多數(shù)父母所關(guān)心的)isprovidingthebesteducationpossibleforchildren.切塊---父母parents關(guān)心concernabout大多數(shù)mostof答案---whatmostofparentsareconcernabout固定搭配1.Thenationpopulationcontinusestorise----(以每年1200萬的速度速度)切塊---以…速度attherateof答案----attherateof12millionperyear2.Becauseoftheleginjury,theathlete---(決定退出比賽)切塊---決定做某事decidetodosth退出 quit答案----decidetoquitthematch反譯法注意.實在翻譯不出來,不要硬拼湊.可以用反譯1河水還沒有干Thereisstillwaterintheriver2他每次都贏Heneverlose作文1.五級評分標準2.字數(shù)適中3.不同的單詞表達同一意思1)表示看法Peoplehave(takeadoptassume)differentattitudestowardssthPeoplehavedifferentviewsonthequestionsomepeoplebelievethat…othersarguethat2)表示重要必要困難方便可能Itisimportant(necessarydiffcultconvenientpossble)forsb.todosthItplaysanimportantroleinourlife3)表示好處IthasthefollowingadvantagesItbenefitsusalotItdoseusquitealot4)表示壞處IthasmoredisadvantagethanadvantageItdoseusmuchharmItisharmfultous5)表示原因ThereasonsforthisisobviousWehavegoodreasontobelievethat…表示措施WeshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasuresWeshouldsolvetheproblemthatweareconfrontedwith表示結(jié)論1.fromwhathasbeenmentionedabovewecancometoconlusionthat….2Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows3.Inshort,itcanbesaidthat表示順承1.everyswordhastwoblades2.eachcoinhastwosides3.everythingdividesinto表示現(xiàn)狀.事實1.Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin2.noonecandenythefactthat..3.wecannotignorethefactthat…表示比較的1.thereisastrikingconcrastbetweenthem2.comperedwithA,B2Ipreferto….ratherthan…套語1.itiswellknowntousthat…2asisknowntous3.thisisatopicthatisbeingtalkedabout4.fromthegraph(tablechart)listedabove.itcanbeseenthat…5.asaproverbsayswherethereisawill.thereisawayAdvantageanddisadvantageNowadays,Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,withtheadeventof-----.manypeopleprefer-----becauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generallyspeaking,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.ononehand-----ontheotherhand-------However,everyswordhastwoblades.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoaparent,oneoftheprominentdisadvantagesisthat----Tomakethemattersworse,---------Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepostiveaspectsfaroutweighsitsnegativeaspects.forinstance.--------whatevereffectsithas.onethingiscertain,------itselfisneithergoodnorbad,ItstheuseswhichisputonitthatdeterminesitsvaluetothesocietySomeothersandIThisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout