高考英語3500詞匯表達(dá) 閱讀訓(xùn)練 (DAY 13)含答案解析

2022高考英語3500詞匯表達(dá)+閱讀訓(xùn)練（DAY13）

目錄內(nèi)容

SectionA高頻詞匯講解以及短語表達(dá)

SectionB閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

SectionC七選五綜合練習(xí)

SectionA高頻詞匯講解以及短語表達(dá)

1.swiftn.雨燕

adj.迅速的；立刻的

adv.迅速地

詞語辨析：

hasty多指匆忙、草率或倉促的行動(dòng)，著重缺乏深思熟慮。

quick特指瞬時(shí)動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作敏捷迅速；也指匆忙的行為，而不暗示速度很。prompt

主要指動(dòng)作迅速，亳不拖延，含“快得令人愉悅”的意味。

fast常指人或物持續(xù)地高速運(yùn)動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的方式。

instant指某事很快發(fā)生或急待解決，含刻不容緩之意。

rapid比fasi和quick正式，常指運(yùn)動(dòng)本身，側(cè)重速度驚人。所指動(dòng)作可能是短暫的，

也可能是持續(xù)的。

speedy指人或物或其運(yùn)動(dòng)、活動(dòng)時(shí)，著重極度的快捷，多含匆忙意味。

swift正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)非常迅速，往往含動(dòng)作輕快敏捷之意。

2.standfor代表；支持；象征；擔(dān)任..的候選人

3.basisn.基礎(chǔ)；底部；主要成分；基本原則、規(guī)律、原理

常用短語：

onthebasisof根據(jù)；基于…

basisfor以……作基礎(chǔ)；為……打基礎(chǔ)

詞語辨析：這組詞都有“基礎(chǔ)”的意思，其區(qū)別是

basis主要用作抽象或引申意義。

ground含義與basis和foundation接近。一般指某種決定、論點(diǎn)或關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)，也可指

某種原因的基礎(chǔ)。

base側(cè)重指構(gòu)成或支撐某一具休物體的基礎(chǔ)，也可指軍事基地或用作比喻意義。

foundation用于具體意義時(shí)，便J重指堅(jiān)固結(jié)實(shí)的建筑物的基礎(chǔ)或地基；用作比喻意義時(shí),

與basis基本相同。

4.motton.座右銘，格言；箴言

5.homelandn.祖國；故

6.deservevt/vt.應(yīng)受；應(yīng)得；值得

常用短語：

deservepunishment受到懲罰

deservetobementioned值得?提

deserveillof應(yīng)受...懲罰,有罪于....

deservetodo值得去做

deserveof...值得...

deserveacomer應(yīng)受罰

7.gloryn.光榮，榮譽(yù)

vi.自豪，驕傲；狂喜

常用短語：

inone,sglory得意；躊躇滿忐；在某人的鼎盛時(shí)期

gloryin自豪；得意

eternalglory永恒的榮耀

morningglory牽?；?；曇花一現(xiàn)的人或物

vainglory虛榮

8.nowadaysadv.現(xiàn)今；時(shí)下n.當(dāng)今

10.ancientadj.古代的；古老的，過時(shí)的

n.古代人；老人

11.slaven.奴隸；從動(dòng)裝置

vi.苦干；拼命工作

12.competitorn.競(jìng)爭者，對(duì)手

詞語辨析：這組詞都有“對(duì)手，敵手'’的意思，區(qū)別是

enemy多指充滿敵意的仇敵

opponent最常用詞，通常指在爭論、辯論、競(jìng)選或競(jìng)賽以及其它各種矛盾沖突中站在

對(duì)立面的“對(duì)手”或“敵手”

rival指與某人目標(biāo)一致而想趕上或超過他的人，匹敵者

foe語氣較強(qiáng)，多用于書面文字和詩歌中。指不僅敵對(duì)，而且很危險(xiǎn)，懷有很深的敵意

competitor指為同一目標(biāo)或目的競(jìng)爭者，一般無感情色彩

13.hopelessadj.絕望的；不可救藥的

14.athleten.運(yùn)動(dòng)員；身強(qiáng)力壯的人

15.painn.疼痛；努力

vt.使...痛苦；使....煩惱

vi.感到疼痛；引起疼痛

常用短語：

takepainstodosth.盡心竭力做某事

alpainstodosth.（尤指為避免困境而）迫切想要做

painsb.使某人痛苦；使苦惱

16.takepartin參加，參與

詞語辨析：這組詞都有“參加，加入'’的意思，區(qū)別是：

takepartin側(cè)重參加某項(xiàng)群眾性、集體性的事業(yè)、工作或活動(dòng)，突出參加者在其中發(fā)揮

一定的作用。

attend側(cè)重參加或出席會(huì)議或?qū)W術(shù)活動(dòng)等。

participate正式用詞，特指參加團(tuán)體活動(dòng)，暗示以一個(gè)積極的角色參加。

join普通用詞，指加入黨派、團(tuán)體或游戲活動(dòng)等

SectionB閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

Passage1

Whatdoyouusuallydowhenaflyinginsectlandsonyourarm?Mostlikelyyoublowit

away.Butwhatifthatbugwerealadybug（瓢蟲）？Thenchancesareyouwouldletitstay.Whatis

itaboutladybugsthatwelike?

Farmersoncethoughtladybugswereagoodlucksign.Aladybuginthefieldmeantthatthe

cropswouldbesuccessfulandtheweatherwouldbegood.Thefarmersmayhavebeen

exaggerating（夸大）aboutwhataverysmallbugcando,butinfactladybugsdohelpoutwiththe

crops.Theyeatharmfulinsects.

Actually,itisnottheadultladybugthatcatstheotherinsccts.It'stheladybuglarvae（幼

蟲）.Ladybugslaytheireggsonleavesthatarecoveredwithaphidsorotherinsects.Whenthe

larvaecomeoutoftheeggs,theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,green

flies,andothercrop-destroyers.

Asingleladybuglarvacan陽over1,000aphidsinoneday.Inthe1800s,ladybugswere

broughtallthewayfromAustraliatoCaliforniaandsetfreeamongorangetreesthatweredying

frombeingeatenbyinsects.Thelittleredandblack“eatingmachines^^completelysavedallthe

trees.

Ladybugsgoabouttheirdailybusinesswithoutworryingmuchaboutanything.Veryfew

birdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsomethingthatisdangeroustoeat.Ladybugs

alsoprotectthemselvesbyplayingdead.Theyfalloffleavesandremainverystilluntiltheir

enemygoesaway.

Sonexttimeyouseealadybug,thinkaboutwhatitmaybeupto.Maybeitisofftosavean

orangetree.Maybeitsnextmovewillbetofalloffaleafandplaydeadorstanduptoabirdabout

100timesitssizc.Maybcit'slettingyouknowthattheweatherwillbegoodtomorrow.Who

knows?Ladybugsarespecialthatway.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutmitesandaphids?

A.Theydoharmtothecrops.

B.Theyeatmorethantheyshould.

C.Theyarefoodfbradultladybugs.

D.Theyaretheenemyofladybuglarvae.

2.WhywereladybugsbroughtfromAustraliatoCaliforniainthe1800s?

A.Tosaveorangetrees.

B.Todoresearchonthem.

C.Toincreasetheirnumber.

D.Toreporttheweatherfbrfarmers.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“standupto“inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Playwith.B.Worryabout.

C.Getalongwith.D.Fightbackagainst.

Passage2

AndrewFeldmanisastudentatLawrenceWoodmereAcademy(LWA)inWoodmere,New

York.OnJune25,hetookhomethetopprizeattheNationalHighSchoolMusicalTheatreAwards

(全美高中生音樂劇獎(jiǎng))atBroadway'sMinskoffTheatre.

AlsoknownastheJimmyAwards,theawardswerenamedtorememberJames

M.Nederlander,atheaterownerandBroadwayproducerwhodiedin2016.

FeldmanwontheawardfbrBestPerformancebyanActorforplayingFrankAbagnaleJr.in

LWA'sproductionof"CatchMeIfYouCarT'.HeandReneeRappeachreceiveda$10,000

scholarship.RappfromCharlotte,NorthCarolina,isthewinneroftheBestPerformancebyan

Actressaward.Theotherremainingseventy-eightfinalistsreceived$3,000scholarships.

ThefinalistsreceivedaweekoftrainingattheNewYorkUniversityTischSchooloftheArts

(TSOA)beforetheawardsevent.InstructorsfromBroadwaytaughtthembasicskillsof

performingarts.

FeldmanalsowontheCarnegieMellonPre-CollegeSchoIarship.CamegieMellon

University,basedinPittsburgh,wasfoundedin1900byAndrewCamegie.Feldmanreceivedan

additional$7,500toattendtheuniversity'ssix-weeksummerplayprogram.

HehasbeenaBroadwayloversinceseeing“BeautyandtheBeast“whenhewasyoung.And

thenheperformedinhisfirstplay,aproductionof“Annie”,ateight.

Theshockofwinninghasstillnotdisappeared.4tWinningtheJimmyAwardisnotsomething

1evenimagined,"Feldmansaid/'ldidn'tthinkitcouldactuallyhappen!Ifsnowbeenabouta

weekandahalfandIstilldon'tbelieveit.”

In2014,FeldmancreatedatheatercompanycalledZneefrockProductions.Thecompanyis

runtotallybyteens.ltwassetuptoraisemoneyfbrNEXTfbrAutism,anorganizationhelpingto

supportautismprograms.

l.WhatdidFeldmandoduringtheweekbeforeJune25?

A.HeperformedaltheMinskoffTheatre.

B.HevisitedCamegieMellonUniversity.

C.HetraveledaroundPittsburgh.

D.HereceivedtrainingatTSOA.

2.WhatdidFeldmansayaboutwinningtheprize?

A.Hewascertainofit.

B.Hewasnotexpectingit.

C.Ittookhimalotofeffort.

D.Itwasnotagreatachievement.

3.WhydidFeldmancreateZneefrockProductions?

A.Tosupportanorganization.

B.Toraisemoneyforatheater.

C.TohelpteenageBroadwaylovers.

D.TorememberaBroadwayproducer.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.AgroupofBroadwaylovers.

B.Atheatercompanyrunbyteens.

C.ThewinneroftheJimmyAwards.

D.TheinfluenceoftheJimmyAwards.

SectionC七選五綜合練習(xí)

Passage3

Itcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.1Mostpeople,atonetimeoranother,havebeen

onthereceivingendofarandomactofkindness.Inasometimescoldworldwherepeoplecanbe

sofocusedonwhatthey,redoing,arandomactofkindnesscanmakeallthedifference.

Theycanberelativelyinsignificant.HannahBaileyfromLondon,forexample,toldtheMetro

newspaperabouthowshewasgivenherfruitandvegetableshoppingfbrfree.Thesellerdidhera

kindnesswhenitappearedshedidn'thaveanychangetopay.2

ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled“caffesospeso^.Whenbuyingcoffee,a

personwhohasrecentlybeenluckywouldpurchasetwocupsbutonlydrinkone,leavingthe

secondoneanonymously（匿名）,outofthegoodnessoftheirheart,fbrapoorpersontoclaimfbr

free.3

However,insomecases,theselittleactscanbeamatteroflifeanddeath.Take,fbrexample,the

unnamedcommuter,whoinJune2018felloffastationplatformontoanelectricrailwaytrackin

Toronto,Canada.Aquick-thinking,butevennowunknown,bystanderselflesslyleaptdowntopull

himtosafety.

So,whydoit?4Thepeoplenevermeetagain.AccordingtoUKcharityTheMental

HealthFoundation,actslikethesecanugiveourlivesnewpurpose,showusotherperspectiveson

ourownproblemsandevenmakeusfeelconieni.”

5Holdopenadoorforsomeone,deliveracompliment-evengiveupyourseatona

bus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.Ittakesallkinds.ltneedn'tbeanythinghuge.Oneday,whether

youneeditornot,someonemighthelpyouinyourhourofneed.

A.Sogiveitatry.

B.Bebravetofacechallenges.

C.Often,theactsaren'tpaidback.

D.Shewashappyaboutitallday.

E.Shewasinlowspiritsthewholeday.

F.Thistraditionisnowmorecommonworldwide.

G.It'softenunexpected,butalmostneverunappreciated.

參考答案

Passage1

1.A由第三段中的"theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,and

othercrop-destroyers”可知，這些都是對(duì)莊稼有害的蟲子。

2.A由第四段中的“l(fā)adybugswerebrought...setfreeamongorangetreesthatweredying

frombeingeatenbyinsects”可知,19世紀(jì)瓢蟲被從澳大利亞引進(jìn)到美國加利福尼亞州是為了

挽救被害蟲侵害的橘子樹。

3.D由倒數(shù)第二段中的"Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoff

somethingthatisdangeroustoeal.”可知彳艮少有鳥或昆蟲吃瓢蟲。再由畫線部分后的“abird

about100timesitssize”可知，當(dāng)遇見比它大的鳥時(shí),瓢蟲會(huì)釋放某種物質(zhì)從而對(duì)鳥造成威脅。

故此處的standupto有“回?fù)?，抵御”之意c

Passage2

1